NAME : TALHA

CLASS : BSCS ( 7 th semester – Morning )

ROLL NUMBER : BCS19-024

SUBMITTED TO : Sir Aleem Awan

STORAGE DEVICES IN COMPUTER

There are basically two types of storage devices that are very efficient for the storage of data.
1. Primary Storage Devices
2. Secondary Storage Devices

 Primary Storage Devices

A primary storage device is any storage device or component that can
store non-volatile data in computers, servers and other computing devices. It is used
to hold/store data and applications temporarily or for a shorter period of time while
the computer is running. Primary storage is also known as main storage, main
memory or internal memory.

There are two types of primary storage devices that are as follows;

 RAM ( Random Access Memory )

 ROM ( Read Only Memory )

TYPES OF RAM
1. Static Randomly Access Memory
 SRAM (static RAM) is a type of randomly access memory
(RAM) that retains data bits in its memory as long as power is being supplied. Unlike
dynamic RAM , which must be continuously refreshed, SRAM does not have this
requirement, resulting in better performance and lower power usage.

2. Dynamic Randomly Access Memory

Dynamic randomly access memory (DRAM) is a type of
semiconductor memory that is typically used for the data or program...

3. Synchronous Dynamic Randomly Access Memory

Synchronous dynamic randomly access memory (SDRAM) is

dynamic randomly access memory (DRAM) with an interface synchronous with the
system bus carrying data between the CPU and the memory controller hub. SDRAM
has a rapidly responding synchronous interface, which is in sync with the system bus.
SDRAM waits for the clock signal before it responds to control input.

TYPES OF ROM

1. Programmable Read Only Memory

Programmable read only memory, PROM for short, is a form of

read only memory that allows the user to choose the data or program to put onto
the memory. The memory chip is delivered blank, and the programmer transfers
the data onto it. Once the data is transferred, it cannot be changed or erased.

2. Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory

The Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory is a memory chip that

does not lose data even when the power is switched off. This is a non-volatile
memory type i.e.; it retains data even when the power is switched off. Each
EPROM is individually programmed by an electronic device. After that, the data can be
erased by exposing the EPROM to strong ultraviolet light.
 Secondary Storage Devices

A secondary storage device refers to any non-volatile storage device that is

internal or external to the computer. It can be any storage device beyond the primary storage
that enables permanent data storage. A secondary storage device is also known as an
auxiliary storage device, backup storage device, tier 2 storage, or external storage.

Magnetic Storage Devices

Magnetic storage is also known as “Magnetic Media” or “Magnetic Memory” or

“Magnetic Medium “. In the Magnetic storage devices, all data are stored with
using magnetized medium, and those types of data saved in that medium in the binary
form like as 0 and 1. This magnetic storage has also non-volatile storage nature.
Today’s, mostly people are preferred to magnetic medium because on the magnetic
storage devices can be performed read/write activities very easily.

Following are the types of Magnetic Storage Devices;

 Floppy Disk

 Hard Disk

 Magnetic Tape

 Super Disk

 FLOPPY DISK

A floppy disk or floppy diskette is an obsolescent type of disk storage

composed of a thin and flexible disk of a magnetic storage medium in a square or
nearly square plastic enclosure lined with a fabric that removes dust particles from the
spinning disk.

 HARD DISK

Hard disk, also called hard disk drive or hard drive, magnetic storage medium for a
computer. Hard disks are flat circular plates made of aluminum or glass and coated with a
magnetic material. Hard disks for personal computers can store terabytes (trillions of bytes)

 MAGNETIC TAPE
 Magnetic tape is a medium for magnetic storage made of a thin, magnetizable
coating on a long, narrow strip of plastic film. Magnetic audio tape is used to capture
speech and music, and magnetic videotape provides a low-cost medium for recording
analog voice and video signals directly and simultaneously. Magnetic technology has
other uses in the direct recording of analog information, including alphanumeric.

 SUPER DISK

The SuperDisk LS-120 is a high-speed, high-capacity alternative to the 90

mm, 1.44 MB floppy disk. The SuperDisk hardware was created by 3M's storage
products group Imation in 1997, with manufacturing chiefly by Matsushita Unlike
other removable disk storage solutions, such as the Zip drive, SuperDisk is backward
compatible with older diskettes. This means that the same SuperDisk drive can be
used to read and write to older 1.44 MB diskettes as well as the new 120 MB Super
Disk diskette

Flash Storage Devices

It is the most commonly used device to store data because it is more reliable and efficient as
compred to other storage devices.

Following are the common types of flash storage devices.

 Pen Drive

 Memory Card

 Solid State Drive

 Multimedia Card

 PEN DRIVE

A USB drive, also referred to as a flash drive or memory stick, is a small,

portable device that plugs into the USB port on your computer. USB drives are
commonly used for storage, data backup, and transferring files between devices.
  SOLID STATE DRIVE

A solid-state drive is a solid-state storage device that uses integrated circuit

assemblies to store data persistently, typically using flash memory, and functioning as
secondary storage in the hierarchy of computer storage A solid-state drive (SSD) is a new
generation of storage device used in computers. SSDs store data using flash-based memory,
which is much faster than the traditional hard disks they've come to replace.

 MEMORY AND MULTIMEDIA CARD

A memory card is an electronic data storage device used for storing digital
information, typically using flash memory. These are commonly used in digital portable
electronic devices. They allow adding memory to such devices using a card in a socket
instead of a protruding USB flash drive.

A Multimedia Card (abbreviated as MMC) is type of a tiny memory card standard

that is used to store data among different compatible portable devices. The first card was co-
developed by Siemens AG and SanDisk in 1997.