Selina Solutions For Class 10 Maths Unit 2 – Algebra

Chapter 9: Matrices

Exercise 9(A) Page No: 120

1. State, whether the following statements are true or false. If false, give a reason.
(i) If A and B are two matrices of orders 3 x 2 and 2 x 3 respectively; then their sum A + B is
possible.
(ii) The matrices A2 x 3 and B2 x 3 are conformable for subtraction.
(iii) Transpose of a 2 x 1 matrix is a 2 x 1 matrix.
(iv) Transpose of a square matrix is a square matrix.
(v) A column matrix has many columns and one row.
Solution:

(i) False.
The sum of matrices A + B is possible only when the order of both the matrices A and B are same.
(ii) True
(iii) False
Transpose of a 2 x 1 matrix is a 1 x 2 matrix.
(iv) True
(v) False
A column matrix has only one column and many rows.

2. Given: , find x, y and z.

Solution:

If two matrices are said to be equal, then their corresponding elements are also equal.
Therefore,
x = 3,
y + 2 = 1 so, y = -1
z - 1 = 2 so, z = 3

3. Solve for a, b and c if

(i)

(ii)
Solution:

If two matrices are said to be equal, then their corresponding elements are also equal.
Then,
(i) a + 5 = 2 ⇒ a = -3
-4 = b + 4 ⇒ b = -8
2=c-1⇒c=3
(ii) a=3
a - b = -1
 Selina Solutions For Class 10 Maths Unit 2 – Algebra
Chapter 9: Matrices
⇒b=a+1=4
b+c=2
⇒ c = 2 - b = 2 - 4 = -2

4. If A = [8 -3] and B = [4 -5]; find:

(i) A + B (ii) B - A
Solution:
(i) A + B = [8 -3] + [4 -5] = [8+4 -3-5] = [12 -8]
(ii) B – A = [4 -5] - [8 -3] = [4-8 -5-(-3)] = [-4 -2]

5. If A= ,B= and C = ; find:

(i) B + C (ii) A - C
(iii) A + B - C (iv) A - B +C
Solution:

(i)B + C =

(ii)A - C =

(iii)

(iv)
 Selina Solutions For Class 10 Maths Unit 2 – Algebra
Chapter 9: Matrices

Exercise 9(B) Page No: 120

1. Evaluate:
(i) 3[5 -2]
Solution:

3[5 -2] = [3x5 3x-2] = [15 -6]

(ii)
Solution:

(iii)
Solution:

(iv)
Solution:

2. Find x and y if:

(i) 3[4 x] + 2[y -3] = [10 0]
Solution:

Taking the L.H.S, we have

3[4 x] + 2[y -3] = [12 3x] + [2y -6] = [(12 + 2y) (3x - 6)]
Now, equating with R.H.S we get
[(12 + 2y) (3x - 6)] = [10 0]
12 + 2y = 10 and 3x – 6 = 0
2y = -2 and 3x = 6
y = -1 and x=2
 Selina Solutions For Class 10 Maths Unit 2 – Algebra
Chapter 9: Matrices

(ii)
Solution:

We have,

So, equating the matrices we get

-x + 8 = 7 and 2x – 4y = -8
x=1 and 2(1) – 4y = -8
2 – 4y = -8
4y = 10
y = 5/2

3.
(i) 2A – 3B + C (ii) A + 2C - B
Solution:

(i) 2A – 3B + C

(ii) A + 2C – B
 Selina Solutions For Class 10 Maths Unit 2 – Algebra
Chapter 9: Matrices

4.
Solution:

Given,

5.
(i) find the matrix 2A + B.
(ii) find a matrix C such that:

Solution:

(i) 2A + B
 Selina Solutions For Class 10 Maths Unit 2 – Algebra
Chapter 9: Matrices

(ii)
 Selina Solutions For Class 10 Maths Unit 2 – Algebra
Chapter 9: Matrices

Exercise 9(C) Page No: 129

1. Evaluate: if possible:

If not possible, give reason.

Solution:

= [6 + 0] = [6]

= [-2+2 3-8] = [0 -5]

The multiplication of these matrices is not possible as the rule for the number of columns in the
first is not equal to the number of rows in the second matrix.

2. If and I is a unit matrix of order 2x2, find:

(i) AB (ii) BA (iii) AI

(iv) IB (v) A2 (iv) B2A
Solution:

(i) AB
 Selina Solutions For Class 10 Maths Unit 2 – Algebra
Chapter 9: Matrices

(ii) BA

(iii) AI

(iv) IB

(v) A2

(vi) B2
 Selina Solutions For Class 10 Maths Unit 2 – Algebra
Chapter 9: Matrices

B2A

3. If find x and y when x and y when A2 = B.

Solution:

A2

A2 = B

On comparing corresponding elements, we have

4x = 16
x=4
And,
1 = -y
y = -1

4. Find x and y, if:

Solution:

(i)
 Selina Solutions For Class 10 Maths Unit 2 – Algebra
Chapter 9: Matrices
On comparing the corresponding terms, we have
5x – 2 = 8
5x = 10
x=2
And,
20 + 3x = y
20 + 3(2) = y
20 + 6 = y
y = 26

(ii)

On comparing the corresponding terms, we have

x=2
And,
-3 + y = -2
y=3–2=1

5.

(i) (AB) C (ii) A (BC)

Solution:

(i) (AB)

(AB) C

(ii) BC

A (BC)

Therefore, its seen that (AB) C = A (BC)

 Selina Solutions For Class 10 Maths Unit 2 – Algebra
Chapter 9: Matrices

6. is the following possible:

(i) AB (ii) BA (iii) A2

Solution:

(i) AB

(ii) BA

(iii) A2 = A x A, is not possible since the number of columns of matrix A is not equal to its number of
rows.

7. Find A2 + AC – 5B.

Solution:

A2

AC

5B

A2 + AC – 5B =

8. If and I is a unit matrix of the same order as that of M; show that:

M2 = 2M + 3I

Solution:
 Selina Solutions For Class 10 Maths Unit 2 – Algebra
Chapter 9: Matrices

M2

2M + 3I

Thus, M2 = 2M + 3I

9. and BA = M2, find the values of a and b.

Solution:

BA

M2

So, BA =M2

On comparing the corresponding elements, we have

-2b = -2
b=1
And,
a=2

10.

(i) A – B (ii) A2 (iii) AB (iv) A2 – AB + 2B

Solution:

(i) A – B

(ii) A2

(iii) AB

(iv) A2 – AB + 2B =
 Selina Solutions For Class 10 Maths Unit 2 – Algebra
Chapter 9: Matrices

11.

(i) (A + B)2 (ii) A2 + B2

(iii) Is (A + B) = A + B2 ?
2 2

Solution:

(i) (A + B)

So, (A + B)2 = (A + B)(A + B) =

(ii) A2

B2

A2 + B2

Thus, its seen that (A + B)2 ≠ A2 + B2+

12. Find the matrix A, if B = and B2 = B + ½A.

Solution:

B2
 Selina Solutions For Class 10 Maths Unit 2 – Algebra
Chapter 9: Matrices
B2 = B + ½A
½A = B2 – B
A = 2(B2 – B)

13. If and A2 = I, find a and b.

Solution:

A2

And, given A2 = I
So on comparing the corresponding terms, we have
1+a=1
Thus, a = 0
And, -1 + b = 0
Thus, b = 1

14. If then show that:

(i) A(B + C) = AB + AC
(ii) (B - A)C = BC – AC.
Solution:

(i) A(B + C)

AB + AC

Thus, A(B + C) = AB + AC

(ii) (B - A)C
 Selina Solutions For Class 10 Maths Unit 2 – Algebra
Chapter 9: Matrices

BC – AC

Thus, (B - A)C = BC – AC

15. If simplify: A2 + BC.

Solution:

A2 + BC
 Selina Solutions For Class 10 Maths Unit 2 – Algebra
Chapter 9: Matrices

Exercise 9(D) Page No: 131

1. Find x and y, if:

Solution:

On comparing the corresponding terms, we have

6x – 10 = 8 and -2x + 14 = 4y
6x = 18 and y = (14 - 2x)/4
x=3 and y = (14 – 2(3))/4
y = (14 - 6)/ 4
y = 8/4 = 2
Thus, x = 3 and y = 2

2. Find x and y, if:

Solution:

On comparing the corresponding terms, we have

3x + 18 = 15 and 12x + 77 = 10y
3x = -3 and y = (12x + 77)/10
x = -1 and y = (12(-1) + 77)/10
y = 65/10 = 6.5

Thus, x = -1 and y = 6.5

 Selina Solutions For Class 10 Maths Unit 2 – Algebra
Chapter 9: Matrices

3. If; ; find x and y, if:

(i) x, y ∈ W (whole numbers)

(ii) x, y ∈ Z (integers)
Solution:

From the question, we have

x2 + y2 = 25 and -2x2 + y2 = -2

(i) x, y ∈ W (whole numbers)

It can be observed that the above two equations are satisfied when x = 3 and y = 4.

(ii) x, y ∈ Z (integers)
It can be observed that the above two equations are satisfied when x = ± 3 and y = ± 4.

4.

(i) The order of the matrix X.

(ii) The matrix X.
Solution:

(i) Let the order of the matrix be a x b.

Then, we know that

Thus, for multiplication of matrices to be possible

a=2
And, form noticing the order of the resultant matrix
b=1

(ii)

On comparing the corresponding terms, we have

2x + y = 7 and
-3x + 4y = 6
Solving the above two equations, we have
 Selina Solutions For Class 10 Maths Unit 2 – Algebra
Chapter 9: Matrices
x = 2 and y = 3
Thus, the matrix X is

5. Evaluate:

Solution:

6. 3A x M = 2B; find matrix M.

Solution:

Given,
3A x M = 2B
And let the order of the matric of M be (a x b)

Now, it’s clearly seen that

a = 2 and b = 1
So, the order of the matrix M is (2 x 1)

Now, on comparing with corresponding elements we have

-3y = -10 and 12x – 9y = 12
 Selina Solutions For Class 10 Maths Unit 2 – Algebra
Chapter 9: Matrices
y = 10/3 and 12x – 9(10/3) = 12
12x – 30 = 12
12x = 42
x = 42/12 = 7/2
Therefore,

Matrix M =

7.

find the values of a, b and c.

Solution:

On comparing the corresponding elements, we have

a+1=5⇒a=4
b + 2 = 0 ⇒ b = -2
-1 – c = 3 ⇒ c = -4

8.

(i) A (BA) (ii) (AB) B.

Solution:

(i) A (BA)
 Selina Solutions For Class 10 Maths Unit 2 – Algebra
Chapter 9: Matrices

(ii) (AB) B

9. Find x and y, if:

Solution:

Thus, on comparing the corresponding terms, we have

2x + 3x = 5 and 2y + 4y = 12
5x = 5 and 6y = 12
x=1 and y=2

10. If matrix find the matrix ‘X’ and

matrix ‘Y’.
Solution:

Now,

On comparing with the corresponding terms, we have

-28 – 3x = 10
 Selina Solutions For Class 10 Maths Unit 2 – Algebra
Chapter 9: Matrices
3x = -38
x = -38/3
And,
20 – 3y = -8
3y = 28
y = 28/3
Therefore,

11. Given find the matrix X such that:

A + X = 2B + C
Solution:

12. Find the value of x, given that A2 = B,

Solution:

Thus, on comparing the terms we get x = 36.