Word Lesson Page Part of Pron Definition Example

Speech
do a/take a course 1A 6 v phr ˌduː ə/ˌteɪk ə ˈkɔːs ɪn to take part in a series of I’m taking a course in
in something lessons in a particular subject graphic design.
ˌsʌmθɪŋ
do a degree 1A 6 v phr ˌduː ə dɪˈɡriː ɪn/ˌkwɒlɪfɪ to take part in a course of Sarah's doing a degree in
in/qualification in study at a university or physics.
something ˈkeɪʃn ɪn ˌsʌmθɪŋ college in a particular subject
get a degree 1A 6 v phr ˌɡet ə dɪˈɡriː ɪn/ˌkwɒlɪfɪ to receive the qualification I need to get a qualification
in/qualification in that is given to you when you in food hygiene and safety
something ˈkeɪʃn ɪn ˌsʌmθɪŋ have successfully completed before I can open a café.
a university or colleɡe course
in a particular subject

have a degree 1A 6 v phr ˌhæv ə dɪˈɡriː ɪn/ˌkwɒlɪfɪ to have the qualification that Applicants must have a
in/qualification in is given to you when you have degree in engineering.
something ˈkeɪʃn ɪn ˌsʌmθɪŋ successfully completed a
university or colleɡe course in
a particular subject
study for a degree 1A 6 v phr ˌstʌdi fər ə dɪˈɡriː to take part in a course of They're studying for a
in/qualification in study at a university or qualification in
something ɪn/ˌkwɒlɪfɪˈkeɪʃn ɪn college in a particular subject accountancy.
ˌsʌmθɪŋ
do/take an exam 1A 6 v phr ˌduː/ˌteɪk ən ɪɡˈzæm to do a spoken or written test We have to take exams at
of knowledge, especially an the end of each year.
important one
pass an exam 1A 6 v phr ˌpɑːs ən ɪɡˈzæm to succeed in a spoken or If I pass all these exams, I'll
written test of knowledge, be a qualified nurse.
especially an important one
train as something 1A 6 v phr ˈtreɪn əz ˌsʌmθɪŋ to be taught the skills of a Nadia trained as a singer.
particular job or activity

work as something 1A 6 v phr ˈwɜːk əz ˌsʌmθɪŋ to do a job that you are paid She works as a cook in the
for army.
have/run your own 1A 6 v phr ˌhæv/ˌrʌn jər əʊn to own and be in charge of an Theo's dream is to run his
company organisation own company.
ˈkʌmpəni

work for a company 1A 6 v phr ˌwɜːk fər ə ˈkʌmpəni to do a job that you are paid They both work for the
for in an organisation same company.

work for yourself 1A 6 v phr ˌwɜːk fə jəˈself to do a job that you organise He resigned from the law
yourself firm and now works for
himself.
work part time 1A 6 v phr ˌwɜːk pɑːt ˈtaɪm someone who works part time She wants to work part
has a job for only part of each time after she’s had the
day or week baby.
work full time 1A 6 v phr ˌwɜːk fʊl ˈtaɪm someone who works full time She works full time and
has a job for all the hours of a has two children.
week during which it is usual
for people to work
architecture 1A VB 136 n ˈɑːkɪtektʃə the art and practice of His architecture degree
planning and designing included two years working
buildings for a firm of architects.
economics 1A VB 136 n ˌekəˈnɔmɪks, ˌiː- the study of the way in which Economics is often studied
money and goods are with politics.
produced and used
engineering 1A VB 136 n ˌendʒəˈnɪərɪŋ the work involved in designing You need to be good at
and building roads, bridges, mathematics if you want to
machines, etc. study engineering.
journalism 1A VB 136 n ˈdʒɜːnl-ɪzm the job or activity of writing She began her career in
news reports for newspapers, journalism working on a
magazines, television or radio local newspaper.
law 1A VB 136 n lɔː a subject of study about the She’s studying
whole system of rules that international business law,
people in a particular country so she will spend a year in
or area must obey Germany as part of her
course.
medicine 1A VB 136 n ˈmedsən the treatment and study of Lucy studied medicine and
 illnesses and injuries now works in testing drugs.
politics 1A VB 136 n ˈpɒlətɪks the study of political power Not all politicians studied
and systems of government politics at university.

science 1A VB 136 n ˈsaɪəns the study of knowledge about Statements about climate
the world, especially based on change should be based
examining, testing and on science, not just
proving facts personal opinions.
caring 1B 8 adj ˈkeərɪŋ thinking about what other The school aims to provide
people need or want and a caring environment.
trying to help them
reliable 1B 8 adj rɪˈlaɪəbl someone or something that is People living in the city
reliable can be trusted or want a reliable bus and
depended on train service.
organised 1B 8 adj ˈɔːɡənaɪzd achieving your aims in a way It will take me a few days
that is effective, ordered and to get organised after
sensible moving house.
lazy 1B 8 adj ˈleɪzi not liking work or physical Make your own breakfast!
activity, or not making any Don't be so lazy!
effort to do anything
ambitious 1B 8 adj æmˈbɪʃəs determined to be successful, Jacob was intensely
rich, powerful, etc. ambitious, obsessed with
the idea of becoming rich
shy 1B 8 adj ʃaɪ nervous and embarrassed He was too shy to come
about meeting and speaking and sit next to me in class.
to other people, especially
people you do not know
confident 1B 8 adj ˈkɒnfɪdənt sure that you have the ability She seemed confident that
to do something well or deal she would pass.
with situations successfully
calm 1B 8 adj kɑːm relaxed and quiet, not angry, Everyone praised Douglas
nervous or upset for the calm way in which
he handled the situation.
patient 1B 8 adj ˈpeɪʃnt able to wait calmly for a long You’ll just have to be
time or to accept difficulties, patient and wait till I’m off
people’s annoying behaviour, the phone.
etc. without becoming angry
sensitive 1B 8 adj ˈsensətɪv easily upset or offended by Throughout her career she
events or things that people remained very sensitive to
say criticism.
open 1B 8 adj ˈəʊpən honest and not wanting to The couple are quite open
hide any facts from other with each other about their
people feelings.
honest 1B 8 adj ˈɒnɪst saying what you really think I’m going to ask you
and not hiding the truth or the something, and I want you
facts to be honest with me.
hard-working 1B 8 adj ˌhɑːd ˈwɜːkɪŋ working with a lot of effort Sam is a hard-working
student; he deserves to do
well in his exams.
creative 1B 8 adj kriˈeɪtɪv someone who is creative is You’re so creative! I could
very good at using their never make my own
imagination to make things or clothes.
find solutions to problems
bossy 1B VB 136 adj ˈbɒsi always telling other people My older sister was bossy
what to do, in a way that is when we were children but
annoying we get on well these days.
disorganised 1B VB 136 adj dɪsˈɔːɡənaɪzd someone who is disorganised Rob is so disorganised that
is very bad at arranging or he'd forgotten we had
planning things invited him to dinner.
easy-going 1B VB 136 adj ˌiːziˈɡəʊɪŋ not easily upset, annoyed or Her easy-going nature
worried made her popular.
kind 1B VB 136 adj kaɪnd someone who is kind tries to They were very kind to us
help people and make them and let us stay in their
happy or comfortable, and house as long as we liked.
shows that they care about
them
moody 1B VB 136 adj ˈmuːdi often changing quickly from Harry was a good-natured
being in a good temper to teenager, hardly ever
being in a bad temper moody.
negative 1B VB 136 adj ˈneɡətɪv considering only the bad Jean rarely sounded so
qualities of a situation, negative about her mother.
person, etc. and not the good
ones
sociable 1B VB 136 adj ˈsəʊʃəbl someone who is sociable is Some research has shown
 friendly and enjoys being with that people without
other people brothers and sisters tend to
be less sociable.
stubborn 1B VB 136 adj ˈstʌbən determined not to change Dave can be really
your mind, even when people stubborn once he’s made
think you are being up his mind.
unreasonable
increase 1C 10 v ɪnˈkriːs to become larger in number, The population increased
amount or degree dramatically in the first half
of the century.
get/become easier 1C 10 v phr ɡet/bɪˌkʌm ˈiːziə to be less and less difficult to Downloading music is
do or understand getting easier as new
software is developed.
get/become harder 1C 10 v phr ɡet/bɪˌkʌm ˈhɑːdə to be more and more difficult The maths exams are
to do or understand becoming harder every
year.
decrease 1C 10 v dɪˈkriːs to become less or go down to Violent crime has
a lower level significantly decreased
over the last ten years.
go down 1C 10 phr v ɡəʊ ˈdaʊn to become lower in level, Computers have gone
amount, etc. down in price.
reduce 1C 10 v rɪˈdjuːs to make (something) smaller We need to reduce the
or less in size, amount or amount of salt in our diet.
price
improve 1C 10 v ɪmˈpruːv to make something better, or This course is for students
to become better wishing to improve their
English.
rise 1C 10 v raɪz to increase in number, House prices rose rapidly
amount or value last year.
go up 1C 10 phr v ɡəʊ ˈʌp to increase in price, amount, Train fares have gone up.
level, etc.
fall 1C 10 v fɔːl to go down to a lower level, The island is warm all year
amount, price, etc., especially round and winter
a much lower one temperatures never fall
below 10 degrees.
get better 1C 10 v phr ɡet ˈbetə to improve Her cooking isn’t really
getting any better.
get worse 1C 10 v phr ɡet ˈwɜːs to become more unpleasant, Conditions will get worse
bad or severe as the winter continues.
amazed 2A 14 adj əˈmeɪzd very surprised You’d be amazed how
much money you can save.
amazing 2A 14 adj əˈmeɪzɪŋ very good, especially in an He’s an amazing player to
unexpected way watch.
annoyed 2A 14 adj əˈnɔɪd sliɡhtly anɡry I’ll be annoyed if we don’t
finish by eight.
annoying 2A 14 adj əˈnɔɪ-ɪŋ makinɡ you feel sliɡhtly anɡry It’s annoying that we didn’t
know about this before.
disappointed 2A 14 adj ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd unhappy because something Hundreds of disappointed
you hoped for did not happen, fans were unable to get
or because someone or tickets for the game.
something was not as good
as you expected
disappointing 2A 14 adj ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪŋ not as good as you hoped or The result of the semi-
expected finals was very
disappointing.
embarrassed 2A 14 adj ɪmˈbærəst feeling uncomfortable or Lori gets embarrassed if
nervous and worrying about we ask her to sing.
what people think of you, for
example because you have
made a silly mistake, or
because you have to talk or
sing in public
embarrassing 2A 14 adj ɪmˈbærəsɪŋ making you feel ashamed, This incident is deeply
nervous or uncomfortable embarrassing for the
government.
frightened 2A 14 adj ˈfraɪtnd feelinɡ afraid I was frightened of being
left by myself in the house.
frightening 2A 14 adj ˈfraɪtn-ɪŋ makinɡ you feel afraid or Going into hospital can be
nervous very frightening for a child.
relaxed 2A 14 adj rɪˈlækst feeling calm, comfortable, and I was feeling relaxed after
not worried or annoyed my holiday.

relaxing 2A 14 adj rɪˈlæksɪŋ makinɡ you feel relaxed After a busy week at work,
I'm looking forward to a
 relaxing evening at home.
surprised 2A 14 adj səˈpraɪzd having the feeling you have I was surprised to see her
when something unexpected again so soon.
or unusual happens
surprising 2A 14 adj səˈpraɪzɪŋ unusual or unexpected It’s surprising how quickly
you get used to it.
tired 2A 14 adj taɪəd feeling that you want to sleep I’m so tired I could sleep
or rest for a week.
tiring 2A 14 adj ˈtaɪərɪŋ making you feel that you want The journey was really
to sleep or rest tiring.
worried 2A 14 adj ˈwʌrid unhappy because you keep The family became worried
thinking about a problem, or about her safety.
about something bad that
might happen
worrying 2A 14 adj ˈwʌri-ɪŋ something that is worrying The pollution in our rivers
makes you feel anxious or is extremely worrying.
worried
remind you of 2B 16 v phr rɪˈmaɪnd jʊ əv ˌsʌmθɪŋ to make someone remember That song always reminds
something someone that they know or me of Tim and Liz's
something that happened in wedding.
the past
make you think of 2B 16 v phr ˌmeɪk jʊ ˈθɪŋk əv ˌsʌmθɪŋ to make someone think about Those flowers make her
something someone that they know or think of her grandmother's
something that happened in garden.
the past
have happy 2B 16 v phr hæv ˌhæpi ˈmeməriz əv to make someone remember I have happy memories of
memories of someone that they know or our summer holidays in
something ˌsʌmθɪŋ something that happened in Wales.
the past in a positive way
make you feel … 2B 16 v phr meɪk jʊ fiːl if a situation, event, etc. Looking at photos of my
makes you feel good, strange, aunt makes me feel sad.
etc., that is the emotion or
feeling that it gives you
I'll never forget … 2B 16 v phr aɪl ˌnevə fəˈɡet used to show that a memory I'll never forget the time my
is very strong dad fell off the boat!
I'll always 2B 16 v phr aɪl ˌɔːlwəz rɪˈmembə used to show that a memory I'll always remember how
remember … is very strong kind they were when I was
lost.
sight 2B VB 137 n saɪt the physical ability to see He began to lose his sight
six years ago.
sound 2B VB 137 n saʊnd something that you hear, or There were strange sounds
what can be heard coming from the next room.
touch 2B VB 137 n tʌtʃ the sense that you use to The room was dark but she
discover what something feels found her way to the door
like, by putting your hand or by touch.
fingers on it
smell 2B VB 137 n smel the ability to notice or Dogs have a very good
recognise qualities by using sense of smell.
your nose
taste 2B VB 137 n teɪst the feeling that is produced by The medicine had a slightly
a particular food or drink bitter taste.
when you put it in your mouth
look at 2B VB 137 v phr ˈlʊk ət to turn your eyes towards The twins looked at each
(someone or something), so other and smiled.
that you can see them
see 2B VB 137 v siː to notice or examine Can I see your ticket,
(someone or something), please?
using your eyes
watch 2B VB 137 v wɒtʃ to look at (someone or Watch carefully. You may
something) for a period of learn something.
time, paying attention to what
is happening
listen 2B VB 137 v ˈlɪsn to pay attention to what I listened to the rain falling
someone is saying or to a on the roof.
sound that you can hear
hear 2B VB 137 v ˈhɪə to know that a sound is being I couldn’t hear what they
made, using your ears were saying most of the
time.
touch 2B VB 137 v tʌtʃ to put your hand, finger, etc. A hand touched her on the
on (someone or something) shoulder.

feel 2B VB 137 v fiːl to give you a particular His hands felt cold.
physical feeling, especially
when you touch or hold
 something
hold 2B VB 137 v həʊld to have (something) in your Could you hold my bag for
hand, hands or arms me?
smell 2B VB 137 v smel to notice or recognise a Can you smell something
particular smell or to have a burning? / My clothes smelt
particular smell of smoke.
taste 2B VB 137 v teɪst to have a particular kind of The food tasted better than
taste (= the feeling that is it looked.
produced by a particular food
or drink when you put it in
your mouth)
anxious 2C 18 adj ˈæŋkʃəs worried about something She is anxious about the
interview.
cheerful 2C 18 adj ˈtʃɪəfl happy, or behaving in a way Before the accident he had
that shows you are happy been cheerful and
confident.
dull 2C 18 adj dʌl not interesting or exciting The weekly meeting tends
to be dull.
enjoyable 2C 18 adj ɪnˈdʒɔɪəbl something enjoyable gives Games can make learning
you pleasure more enjoyable.
extraordinary 2C 18 adj ɪkˈstrɔːdnri very unusual or surprising Organising the conference
took an extraordinary
amount of work.
homesick 2C 18 adj ˈhəʊmsɪk feeling unhappy because you Some students feel
are a long way from your homesick when they first
home go to university.
lively 2C 18 adj ˈlaɪvli someone who is lively has a Looking after three lively
lot of energy and is very children keeps me busy.
active
nervous 2C 18 adj ˈnɜːvəs worried or frightened about Paul always gets nervous
something, and unable to when he has to give a
relax presentation.
optimistic 2C 18 adj ˌɒptəˈmɪstɪk believing that good things will I’m optimistic about our
happen in the future chances of winning.

peaceful 2C 18 adj ˈpiːsfl a peaceful time, place or It’s very peaceful out here
situation is quiet and calm in the woods.
without any worry or
excitement
positive 2C 18 adj ˈpɒzətɪv if you are positive about You’ve got to be more
things, you are hopeful and positive about your work.
confident, and think about
what is good in a situation
rather than what is bad
strange 2C 18 adj streɪndʒ unusual or surprising, It’s strange that we’ve
especially in a way that is never met before.
difficult to explain or
understand
stressful 2C 18 adj ˈstresfl a job, experience or situation Moving to a new house is a
that is stressful makes you very stressful experience.
worry a lot
unpleasant 2C 18 adj ʌnˈpleznt not pleasant or enjoyable Tom got a rather
unpleasant surprise when
he opened the door.
delicious 2C VB 137 adj dɪˈlɪʃəs very pleasant to taste or smell The delicious smell of
apple pie was coming from
the kitchen.
negative 2C VB 137 adj ˈneɡətɪv expecting that something bad The news reports focused
will happen, or criticising or on the negative aspects of
disapproving of someone or the situation.
something
dangerous 2C VB 137 adj ˈdeɪndʒrəs likely to harm or kill someone, The mountains are a
or cause very serious dangerous place for
problems walkers because the
weather changes quickly.
special 2C VB 137 adj ˈspeʃl not ordinary or usual, but He only wears this suit on
different in some way and special occasions.
often better or more important
drinkable 2C VB 137 adj ˈdrɪŋkəbl water that is drinkable is safe After the earthquake there
to drink was only a limited supply of
drinkable water.
attractive 2C VB 137 adj əˈtræktɪv good-looking As well as being clever, he
was also very attractive.
financial 2C VB 137 adj fəˈnænʃl, faɪ- relating to money or the The Japanese government
 management of money gives financial support to
farmers.
creative 2C VB 137 adj kriˈeɪtɪv involving the use of He talks about the creative
imagination to produce new process of writing a poem.
ideas or things
helpful 2C VB 137 adj ˈhelpfl always willing to help people The waiter was only trying
to be helpful.
important 2C VB 137 adj ɪmˈpɔːtnt having a big effect on Good qualifications are
people’s lives or on events in increasingly important.
the future
poisonous 2C VB 137 adj ˈpɔɪznəs containing poison or Some mushrooms are
producing poison extremely poisonous.
bucket list 3A 22 n ˈbʌkɪt lɪst a list of things that you want Swimming with dolphins is
to do before you die one of the things on my
bucket list.
take part in 3A 22 v phr teɪk ˈpɑːt ɪn to be involved in (an activity, About 400 students took
sport, event, etc.) with other part in the protest.
people
perform 3A 22 v pəˈfɔːm to do something to entertain The children perform two
people, for example by acting plays each school year.
a play or playing a piece of
music
raise money 3A 22 v phr ˌreɪz ˈmʌni to do something to get money The Christmas fair raises
for a charity, school, etc. money for the school.

take up 3A 22 phr v ˌteɪk ˈʌp to become interested in (a Roger took painting up for
new activity) and to spend a while, but soon lost
time doing it interest.
go (backpacking, 3A 22 v phr ɡəʊ ˈbækpækɪŋ/ˈtrekɪŋ to do an activity for pleasure, Utah is a great place to go
trekking, etc) usually involvinɡ travellinɡ (for hiking.
example without very much
money, and carrying a
backpack, or ɡoinɡ for a lonɡ,
challenɡinɡ walk in the hills)
explore 3A 22 v ɪkˈsplɔː to travel around an area in Venice is a wonderful city
order to find out about it to explore.

experience 3A 22 v ɪkˈspɪəriəns if you experience a problem, Children need to

event or situation, it happens experience things for
to you or affects you themselves in order to
learn from them.
apply 3A 22 v əˈplaɪ to make a formal request, She applied to work as a
usually written, for something volunteer in Nepal.
such as a job, a place at a
university, or permission to do
something
try 3A 22 v traɪ to do or use (something) for a They decided they would
short while to discover if it is try living in America for a
suitable, successful, while.
enjoyable, etc.
get in touch 3A VB 138 v phr ˌɡet ɪn ˈtʌtʃ to start talking or writing to Can I have your phone
someone number in case I need to
get in touch with you?
get what someone's 3A VB 138 v phr ˌɡet wɒt ˌsʌmwʌnz ˈseɪ-ɪŋ to understand something I don’t think she got the
saying someone says joke.
get a bonus 3A VB 138 v phr ɡet ə ˈbəʊnəs to receive money added to Each worker gets an
your wages, especially as a annual bonus when the
reward for good work company makes a profit.
get someone a 3A VB 138 v phr ˌɡet sʌmwʌn ə ˈsænwɪdʒ to buy or get someone two When you go to the café,
sandwich pieces of bread with cheese, can you get me a cheese
meat, cooked egg, etc. salad sandwich?
between them and bring it
back from somewhere
get tired of 3A VB 138 v phr ɡet ˈtaɪəd əv ˌsʌmθɪŋ to become bored with I’m getting tired of watching
something something, because it is no television; let’s go for a
longer interesting or has walk.
become annoying
get on well 3A VB 138 v phr ˌɡet ɒn ˈwel if people get on well, they like The two girls get on well
each other and have a most of the time.
friendly relationship with each
other
get here 3A VB 138 v phr ˈɡet hɪə to arrive They won't get here till
after nine o'clock.
keep in touch (with 3B 24 v phr ˌkiːp ɪn ˈtʌtʃ wɪð to keep writing to someone or I hope you'll keep in touch
someone) calling them while you're away.
 ˌsʌmwʌn
lose touch (with 3B 24 v phr ˌluːz ˈtʌtʃ wɪð ˌsʌmwʌn to stop writing or talking to I lost touch with Julie after
someone) someone we moved.
get on really well 3B 24 v phr ˌɡet ɒn ˌrɪəli ˈwel if people get on really well, The three boys have
they like each other very always got on really well
much and have a very friendly ever since they started
relationship with each other school together.
see each other 3B 24 v phr ˈsiː iːtʃ ˌʌðə to visit or meet someone We haven't seen each
other since we left school.
spend time with 3B 24 v phr ˌspend ˈtaɪm wɪð to use time doing something I want to spend more time
someone with a particular with my family.
ˌsʌmwʌn person/particular people
hang out 3B 24 phr v ˌhæŋ ˈaʊt to spend a lot of time in a I don’t really know who she
particular place or with hangs out with.
particular people
catch up with 3B 24 v phr ˌkætʃ ˈʌp wɪð to spend time finding out what When she gets home I
has been happening while want to catch up with Jo.
you have been away or during We haven't seen each
the time you have not seen other for two years.
someone
get together 3B 24 phr v ˌɡet təˈɡeðə if people get together, they We must get together for a
meet in order to spend time coffee.
with each other
get to know 3B 24 v phr ˌɡet tə ˈnəʊ ˌsʌmwʌn to gradually begin to know It’ll take a while for you to
someone someone get to know everyone.
see a lot of 3B 24 v phr ˌsiː ə ˈlɒt əv ˌsʌmwʌn to spend a lot of time with a Jack's been seeing a lot of
someone particular person Ben recently.
meet up with 3B 24 v phr ˌmiːt ˈʌp wɪðˌ sʌmwʌn if people meet up, they meet Why don’t I meet up with
someone in order to do something you after lunch?
together
art gallery 3C 26 n ˈɑːt ˌɡæləri a building where paintings are The Prado is a famous art
shown to the public gallery in Madrid.

cycle lane 3C 26 n ˈsaɪkl leɪn a part of a wide road that only There's a cycle lane all the
bicycles are allowed to use way into Norwich from our
village.
landmark 3C 26 n ˈlændmɑːk something that is easy to The Scott Monument is
recognise, such as a tall tree one of Edinburgh's most
or building, and that helps you famous landmarks.
know where you are
neighbourhood 3C 26 n ˈneɪbəhʊd an area of a town or city She grew up in a quiet
neighbourhood in Boston.
outdoor café 3C 26 n ˌaʊtdɔː ˈkæfeɪ a small restaurant where you The central square was full
can buy drinks and simple of outdoor cafés.
meals and eat or drink them
outside the building
pedestrian street 3C 26 n pəˌdestriən ˈstriːt a street which is only for The area around the
people walking, not for cathedral is all pedestrian
vehicles streets.
skyline 3C 26 n ˈskaɪlaɪn the shape made by hills or Taking the Staten Island
buildings against the sky ferry is a great way to view
the famous Manhattan
skyline.
square 3C 26 n skweə a large open area in the The hotel is just off the
centre of a town or city, main square of Sorrento.
usually in the shape of a
square, or the buildings
surrounding it
suburb 3C 26 n ˈsʌbɜːb an area where people live We grew up in a suburb of
which is away from the centre Los Angeles.
of a town or city
traffic jam 3C 26 n ˈtræfɪk ˌdʒæm a long line of vehicles on a We were stuck in a traffic
road, that cannot move or can jam for two hours.
only move very slowly
through 3C VB 138 prep θruː from one side of an area to We walked through the
the other, or between a group village to the farm.
of things
on your/the right 3C VB 138 prep phr ɒn jə/ðə ˈraɪt on the side of your body that Take the first turning on the
has the hand that most right.
people write with, or this side
of anything else
on your/the left 3C VB 138 prep phr ɒn jə/ðə ˈleft on the side of your body that The school is on your left
has the hand that most as you come into the
people do not write with, or village.
this side of anything else
next to 3C VB 138 prep phr ˈnekst tʊ very close to someone or The hotel was right next to
something, with no other the airport.
person, building, place, etc. in
between
over 3C VB 138 prep ˈəʊvə from one side of something to The road over the
the other side of it mountains is steep and
dangerous.
around 3C VB 138 prep əˈraʊnd on the other side of If the gate’s locked, you’ll
something, or to the other have to go around the side
side of it without going of the house.
through it or over it
along 3C VB 138 prep əˈlɒŋ a particular distance away, on Hugo’s house was about
or beside something long two hundred yards away
such as a line, road, edge, along the main street.
etc.
across 3C VB 138 prep əˈkrɒs from one side of something to We’ll have to swim across
the other the river.
between 3C VB 138 prep bɪˈtwiːn in or through the space that I sat down between Sue
separates two things, people and Jane.
or places
active 4A 30 adj ˈæktɪv always busy doing things, She’s over 80, but is still
especially physical or mental very active.
activities
busy 4A 30 adj ˈbɪzi if you are busy, you are Helen is a busy mother of
working hard and have a lot of four.
things to do
easy-going 4A 30 adj ˌiːzi ˈɡəʊɪŋ not easily upset, annoyed or Dad's very easy-going; he
worried hardly ever gets cross.
enerɡetic 4A 30 adj ˌenəˈdʒetɪk having a lot of energy If you’re feeling energetic,
we could go out for a run.
fun 4A 30 adj fʌn enjoyable and amusing Try snowboarding – it’s a
really fun sport.
healthy 4A 30 adj ˈhelθi good for your body My grandmother is 95 now
and still very active
because she's always had
a healthy lifestyle.
inactive 4A 30 adj ɪnˈæktɪv not doing anything, not The brain cells are inactive
working or not moving during sleep.
quiet 4A 30 adj ˈkwaɪət without much activity or Rebecca wants to go to the
without many people party, but Oliver wants a
quiet night in.
sensible 4A 30 adj ˈsensəbl reasonable, practical and Moving house seemed like
showing good judgement the sensible thing to do.

simple 4A 30 adj ˈsɪmpl honest and ordinary and not Joe was just a simple
special in any way farmer.
sociable 4A 30 adj ˈsəʊʃəbl someone who is sociable is Our neighbours seem like
friendly and enjoys being with a pleasant, sociable
other people couple.
stressful 4A 30 adj ˈstresfl making you worried and Police officers may be
unable to relax working in stressful
conditions.
unhealthy 4A 30 adj ʌnˈhelθi likely to make you ill Working in an unhealthy
environment is linked with
various diseases.
brand 4B 32 n brænd a type of product made by a A company carefully
particular company, that has a protects its brand image.
particular name or design
environmentally 4B 32 adj phr ɪnˌvaɪrənmentl-i ˈfrendli not harmful to the Is there such a thing as an
friendly environment environmentally friendly
car?
hiɡh quality 4B 32 adj phr ˌhaɪ ˈkwɒləti very good Our chef uses only high
quality ingredients.
easy to use 4B 32 adj phr ˌiːzi tə ˈjuːz not difficult to operate Itˈs a great piece of
software, and very easy to
use.
ɡood value 4B 32 adj phr ˌɡʊd ˈvæljuː used to say that something is The lunch special is really
worth what you pay for it good value.

poor value 4B 32 adj phr ˌpɔː ˈvæljuː used to say that something is Ten dollars for a coffee is
not worth what you pay for it very poor value.

poorly desiɡned 4B 32 adj phr ˌpɔːli dɪˈzaɪnd badly drawn or planned and Their office is poorly
not suited to its purpose designed for a media
company, so they are
moving to new premises.
well desiɡned 4B 32 adj phr ˌwel dɪˈzaɪnd well drawn or planned and The new camera
well suited to its purpose equipment is well designed
for use under water.
excellent service 4B 32 n phr ˌeksələnt ˈsɜːvɪs very good help that people We received excellent
who work in a shop, service from the bank
restaurant, bar, etc. give you advisers.
popular 4B 32 adj ˈpɒpjələ liked by a lot of people Coffee is probably the most
popular drink in the world.
reliable 4B 32 adj rɪˈlaɪəbl someone or something that is It's a long journey, so we'll
reliable can be trusted or need a reliable car.
depended on
unreliable 4B 32 adj ˌʌnrɪˈlaɪəbl unable to be trusted or This lawnmower is getting
depended on more and more unreliable.
Let's get a new one.
fitness tracker 4B VB 139 n ˈfɪtnəs ˌtrækə a personal electronic device Their latest watch model
that monitors your physical includes a fitness tracker
activity and GPS.
laptop 4B VB 139 n ˈlæptɒp a small computer that you can I used my laptop to check
carry with you in for my flight.
tablet 4B VB 139 n ˈtæblɪt a computer that you can carry Every classroom is
with you which has a touch provided with at least two
screen and does not have a tablets to assist students'
separate keyboard learning.
make-up 4B VB 139 n ˈmeɪk ʌp coloured substances that are They’re not allowed to
put on your face to improve or wear make-up to school.
change your appearance
perfume 4B VB 139 n ˈpɜːfjuːm a liquid with a strong pleasant What's that perfume you're
smell that women put on their wearing?
skin or clothing to make
themselves smell nice
aftershave 4B VB 139 n ˈɑːftəʃeɪv a liquid with a nice smell that She gave me a bottle of my
a man puts on his face after favourite aftershave.
he has shaved
console 4B VB 139 n ˈkɒnsəʊl an electronic machine that is They're bringing out a new
used for playing games on a games console in June.
screen
e-reader 4B VB 139 n ˈiː ˌriːdə a small piece of electronic My e-reader is very
equipment for reading books convenient for holidays; I
on a computer screen or on a don't need to pack any
special small computer that books.
you can hold in your hands,
and that are not printed on
paper
luɡɡaɡe 4B VB 139 n ˈlʌɡɪdʒ the cases, bags, etc. that you Security officers checked
carry when you are travelling every piece of luggage.

jewellery 4B VB 139 n ˈdʒuːəlri small things that you wear for She wears a lot of gold
decoration, such as rings or jewellery.
necklaces
action film 4C 34 n ˈækʃən fɪlm an action film has a lot of Gibson became famous in
exciting scenes in it, in which action films.
people fight, chase and kill
each other
animation 4C 34 n ˌænəˈmeɪʃn a film, television programme, The animation tells the
computer game, etc. that has story of an inventor and his
pictures, clay models, etc. dog landing on the moon.
that seem to be really moving
biopic 4C 34 n ˈbaɪəʊˌpɪk a film that tells the story of Mandela died shortly after
someone’s life his biopic was released.
comedy 4C 34 n ˈkɒmədi a play, film or television The film is a comedy about
programme that is intended to an unsuccessful secret
make people laugh agent.
documentary 4C 34 n ˌdɒkjəˈmentəri a film or a television or radio A local film crew is making
programme that gives a documentary about
detailed information about a volcanoes.
particular subject
fantasy 4C 34 n ˈfæntəsi a story, film, etc. that is based The fantasy series is based
on imagination and not facts on the famous novels by
Tolkien.
historical drama 4C 34 n hɪsˌtɒrɪkl ˈdrɑːmə a film or a television or radio It's a historical drama set in
programme describing or eighteenth-century Russia.
based on events in the past
horror film 4C 34 n ˈhɒrə fɪlm a film about something that is I can't watch horror films –
very terrible, shocking or they're just too frightening!
frightening
musical 4C 34 n ˈmjuːzɪkl a play or film that includes Webber had three musicals
singing and dancing playing in London at one
time.
romantic comedy 4C 34 n rəʊˌmæntɪk ˈkɒmədi a film that is intended to make Four Weddings and a
people laugh and that Funeral' is a well-known
involves a love story romantic comedy.
science fiction film 4C 34 n ˌsaɪəns ˈfɪkʃn fɪlm a film about events in the ‘2001: A Space Odyssey’ is
future that are affected by probably the most famous
imaginary developments in science fiction film ever
science, for example about made.
travelling in time or to other
planets with life on them
thriller 4C 34 n ˈθrɪlə a book or film that tells an ‘The Birds’ is a classic
exciting story about murder or Hitchcock thriller.
crime
war film 4C 34 n ˈwɔː fɪlm a film about fighting between Many US war films feature
two or more countries or the Vietnam War.
between opposing groups
within a country, involving
large numbers of soldiers and
weapons
popular 4C VB 139 adj ˈpɒpjələ liked by a lot of people Business management
courses are increasingly
popular.
popularity 4C VB 139 n ˌpɒpjəˈlærəti when something or someone Extreme sports are
is liked or supported by a lot growing in popularity.
of people
active 4C VB 139 adj ˈæktɪv always busy doing things, My father always led a very
especially physical or mental active life.
activities
action 4C VB 139 n ˈækʃn the process of doing Environmental groups want
something, especially in order tougher action on pollution
to achieve a particular thing from cars.
reliable 4C VB 139 adj rɪˈlaɪəbl someone or something that is The information had come
reliable can be trusted or from a reliable source.
depended on
reliability 4C VB 139 n rɪˌlaɪəˈbɪləti the quality of being accurate Reliability is an important
or able to be trusted quality for a pilot.
animated 4C VB 139 adj ˈænɪmeɪtɪd (a film, television programme, Disney is most famous for
computer game, etc.) showing making animated films.
pictures, clay models, etc.
that seem to be really moving
animation 4C VB 139 n ˌænɪˈmeɪʃn the process of making They used computer
animated films, television animation in the film.
programmes, computer
games, etc.
environmental 4C VB 139 adj ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmentl concerning or affecting the Environmental issues, such
air, land or water on Earth as cliff erosion and
pollution, directly affect
people’s lives.
environment 4C VB 139 n ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt the air, water and land on The government insists
Earth, which is affected by that the dam will not harm
man’s activities the environment.
romantic 4C VB 139 adj rəʊˈmæntɪk relating to feelings of love or a After dinner, they went for
loving relationship a romantic walk by the sea.
romance 4C VB 139 n rəʊˈmæns, ˈrəʊmæns love, or a feeling of being in The romance had gone out
love of their relationship.
tired 4C VB 139 adj taɪəd feeling that you want to sleep He was tired from walking
or rest all day.
tiredness 4C VB 139 n ˈtaɪədnəs the feeling you get when you Tiredness is one of the
want to sleep or rest symptoms of her illness.

education 4C VB 139 n ˌedjʊˈkeɪʃn the process of teaching and She had a poor education,
learning, usually at school, and left school without
college or university qualifications.
relaxation 4C VB 139 n ˌriːlækˈseɪʃn a way of resting and enjoying I play the piano for
yourself relaxation.
application 4C VB 139 n ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃn a formal, usually written, The university welcomes
request for something such as applications from overseas
a job, place at university, or students.
permission to do something
responsibility 4C VB 139 n rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti a duty to be in charge of It’s your responsibility to
someone or something, so inform us of any changes.
that you make decisions and
can be blamed if something
bad happens
electricity 4C VB 139 n ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti, ˌelɪk- the power that is carried by The storms have disrupted
wires, cables, etc. and is used the electricity supply to
to provide light or heat, to some areas.
make machines work, etc.
creativity 4C VB 139 n ˌkriːeɪˈtɪvəti the ability to use your Editors complain about the
imagination to produce new lack of creativity in the
ideas, make things, etc. ideas put to them.
government 4C VB 139 n ˈɡʌvəmənt, ˈɡʌvənmənt the group of people who The UK government has
govern a country or state offered to send aid.
advertisement 4C VB 139 n ədˈvɜːtəsmənt a picture, set of words, or a The Sunday papers are full
short film that is intended to of advertisements for cars.
persuade people to buy a
product or use a service, or
that gives information about a
job that is available, an event
that is going to happen, etc.
excitement 4C VB 139 n ɪkˈsaɪtmənt happiness, interest or hope Her excitement grew as the
because something good has day of the wedding came
happened or will happen nearer.
excellence 4C VB 139 n ˈeksləns being extremely good or of The university's reputation
very high quality for excellence is well
deserved.
difference 4C VB 139 n ˈdɪfrəns a way in which two or more There’s only a slight
people or things are not like difference between the
each other male and the female bird.
convenience 4C VB 139 n kənˈviːniəns the quality of being suitable or Most of us like the
useful for a particular convenience of using credit
purpose, especially by making cards to buy things.
something easier or saving
you time
happiness 4C VB 139 n ˈhæpinəs the state of being happy His grandchildren bring him
great happiness.
lateness 4C VB 139 n ˈleɪtnəs arriving, happening or done Your repeated lateness is
after the time that was not acceptable.
expected, agreed or arranged
darkness 4C VB 139 n ˈdɑːknəs when there is no light We ended up coming down
the mountain in total
darkness.
instruction 4C VB 139 n ɪnˈstrʌkʃn (a piece of) written Always read the
information that tells you how instructions before
to do or use something switching on the machine.
fashion 4C VB 139 n ˈfæʃn something that is popular or Young people are very
thought to be good at a concerned with fashion.
particular time
completion 4C VB 139 n kəmˈpliːʃn the state of being finished The project has a
completion date of 22nd
December.
appearance 4C VB 139 n əˈpɪərəns the way someone or They’ve changed the
something looks to other appearance of the whole
people building.
importance 4C VB 139 n ɪmˈpɔːtəns having a big effect or I'd like to emphasise the
influence on people’s lives or importance of reading
on events in the future exam questions carefully.
distance 4C VB 139 n ˈdɪstəns the amount of space between Now we are able to
two places or things measure the distances
between the planets.
fashionable 5A 38 adj ˈfæʃnəbl popular, especially for a short It was fashionable to have
 period of time red hair.
stylish 5A 38 adj ˈstaɪlɪʃ fashionable and well- The furniture looked very
designed in an attractive way stylish and modern.

matching 5A 38 adj ˈmætʃɪŋ having the same colour, style She wore a ruby necklace
or pattern as something else with matching earrings.

dress up 5A 38 phr v ˌdres ˈʌp to wear clothes that are more It’s a small, informal party –
formal than the ones you you don’t have to dress up.
would usually wear
smart 5A 38 adj smɑːt smart clothes, buildings, etc. He wore a smart black suit
are clean, tidy and attractive for the interview.
casual 5A 38 adj ˈkæʒuəl not formal or not for a formal Jean felt more comfortable
situation in casual clothes.
old-fashioned 5A 38 adj ˌəʊld ˈfæʃnd not considered to be modern I can’t wear that dress – it’s
or fashionable any more too old-fashioned.

have got something 5A 38 v phr hæv ˌɡɒt sʌmθɪŋ ˈɒn to be wearing a piece of Jimmy had nothing on but
on clothing or type of clothing his socks.

tight 5A 38 adj taɪt tight clothes fit your body very My shoes were so tight that
closely, especially in a way I could hardly walk.
that is uncomfortable
loose 5A 38 adj luːs loose clothes are big and do She usually wears jeans
not fit your body tightly and loose sweatshirts.

earrings 5A VB 140 n pl ˈɪərɪŋz a piece of jewellery that you She was wearing a pair of
wear on your ear beautiful diamond earrings.
scarf 5A VB 140 n skɑːf a piece of cloth that you wear I wore a dark coat and my
around your neck, head or favourite silk scarf.
shoulders, especially to keep
warm
trainers 5A VB 140 n pl ˈtreɪnəz a type of strong shoes that Bring your trainers – we'll
you wear for sport probably play football in the
park later.
belt 5A VB 140 n belt a band of leather, cloth, etc. He unbuckled his leather
that you wear around your belt.
waist to hold up your clothes
or for decoration
sandals 5A VB 140 n pl ˈsændlz light shoes that are fastened The children wore T-shirts,
onto your feet by bands of shorts and sandals to go to
leather or cloth, and are worn the beach.
in warm weather
high heels 5A VB 140 n pl ˌhaɪ ˈhiːlz women’s shoes with high Whenever she wore high
heels heels she was taller than
the men she worked with.
bracelet 5A VB 140 n ˈbreɪslɪt a band or chain that you wear She often wears a silver
around your wrist or arm as a bracelet that her husband
decoration gave her.
tie 5A VB 140 n taɪ a long narrow piece of cloth I wear a shirt and tie at
tied in a knot around the neck, work.
worn by men
tracksuit 5A VB 140 n ˈtræksuːt loose clothes consisting of The player wore his new
trousers and a jacket, worn team tracksuit for the press
especially for sport interview.
sweatshirt 5A VB 140 n ˈswet-ʃɜːt a loose warm piece of The team were wearing
clothing which covers the top sweatshirts to keep warm
part of your body and arms before the game started.
and is worn especially for
sport or relaxation
air conditioning 5B 40 n ˈeə kənˌdɪʃnɪŋ a system that makes the air in We only turn on the air
a room or building cooler and conditioning when the
drier weather gets very hot.
balcony 5B 40 n ˈbælkəni a structure that you can stand We ate breakfast on the
on, that is attached to the balcony of our hotel room
outside wall of a building, every day.
above ground level
block of flats 5B 40 n ˌblɒk əv ˈflæts a large building divided into They live in one of the new
separate living spaces blocks of flats near the
hospital.
ceiling 5B 40 n ˈsiːlɪŋ the inner surface of the top All the rooms have high
part of a room ceilings.
central heating 5B 40 n ˌsentrəl ˈhiːtɪŋ a system of heating buildings We need a new boiler for
in which water or air is heated the central heating.
in one place and then sent
 around the rest of the building
through pipes, etc.
cottage 5B 40 n ˈkɒtɪdʒ a small house in the country They live in London but
they also have a weekend
cottage by the sea.
detached house 5B 40 n dɪˌtætʃt ˈhaʊs a detached house is not I grew up in an old
joined to another building detached house with a
large garden.
entrance 5B 40 n ˈentrəns a door, gate, etc. that you go She found a parking space
through to enter a place close to the hospital's main
entrance.
floor 5B 40 n flɔː the flat surface that you stand There was a puddle of
on inside a building water on the kitchen floor.

patio 5B 40 n ˈpætiəʊ a flat hard area near a house, We invited friends for a
where people sit outside barbecue on the new patio.

roof 5B 40 n ruːf the structure that covers or Birds were perching on the
forms the top of a building, roof of the farmhouse.
vehicle, tent, etc.
staircase 5B 40 n ˈsteəkeɪs a set of stairs inside a A wooden staircase leads
building, with its supports and to the top floor of the
the side parts that you hold on house.
to
studio 5B 40 n ˈstjuːdiəʊ a room where an artist or Craig uses the spare
photographer regularly works bedroom as a photography
studio.
terraced house 5B 40 n ˌterəst ˈhaʊs a house which is part of a row The house we're going to
of houses that are joined look at is in the middle of a
together row of Victorian terraced
houses.
dairy products 5C 42 n pl ˈdeəri ˌprɒdʌkts milk, butter, cheese, etc. Many people prefer dairy
products from goats and
sheep.
fish 5C 42 n fɪʃ the flesh of a fish used as In Japan, people eat raw
food fish.
fruit 5C 42 n fruːt something that grows on a Try to eat plenty of fresh
plant, tree or bush, can be fruit.
eaten as a food, contains
seeds or a stone, and is
usually sweet
meat 5C 42 n miːt the flesh of animals and birds People are eating less
eaten as food meat these days.
seafood 5C 42 n ˈsiːfuːd animals from the sea that you You can buy seafood in the
can eat, for example fish and harbour, straight from the
shellfish fishing boats.
vegetable 5C 42 n ˈvedʒtəbl a plant that is eaten raw or Some vegetables are
cooked, such as a cabbage, a better eaten raw.
carrot or peas
vegetarian 5C 42 adj ˌvedʒəˈteəriən suitable for someone who Our local restaurant always
does not eat meat or fish has a good range of
vegetarian dishes on the
menu.
sweet 5C 42 adj swiːt containing or having a taste This tea is too sweet.
like sugar
savoury 5C 42 adj ˈseɪvəri savoury food tastes of salt They sell pancakes with
sweet and savoury fillings.
fresh 5C 42 adj freʃ fresh food has recently been The beans are fresh from
picked or prepared, and is not the garden.
frozen or preserved
spicy 5C 42 adj ˈspaɪsi food that is spicy has a Harry makes a lovely pasta
pleasantly strong taste, and dish, with a spicy tomato
gives you a pleasant burning sauce.
feeling in your mouth
tasty 5C 42 adj ˈteɪsti food that is tasty has a good Alex cooked a simple but
taste, but is not sweet tasty meal for all the
helpers.
hot 5C 42 adj hɒt food that tastes hot has a I love Mexican food – but
burning taste because it that was too hot even for
contains strong spices me!
fried 5C 42 adj fraɪd having been cooked in hot oil The chicken is delicious
served with fried onions.
healthy 5C 42 adj ˈhelθi good for your body The children are given fruit
as a healthy mid-morning
 snack.
grilled 5C 42 adj ɡrɪld if something has been grilled, We ate on the beach:
it has been cooked by putting grilled swordfish fresh from
it on a flat metal frame with the sea.
bars across it, above or below
strong direct heat
homemade 5C 42 adj ˌhəʊmˈmeɪd made at home and not bought All her jam is homemade.
from a shop
bitter 5C 42 adj ˈbɪtə having a strong sharp taste, Bitter oranges are good for
like black coffee without sugar making marmalade.

light 5C 42 adj laɪt food or drink that is light either I had a light lunch in town.
does not have a strong taste
or does not make you feel full
very quickly, for example
because it does not contain
very much fat, sugar or
alcohol
grate 5C VB 140 v ɡreɪt to rub (cheese, vegetables, Peel and grate the
etc.) against a rough or sharp potatoes.
surface in order to break them
into small pieces
fry 5C VB 140 v fraɪ to cook (something) in hot fat I could smell onions frying.
or oil, or to be cooked in hot
fat or oil
boil 5C VB 140 v bɔɪl to cook (something) in boiling Boil the rice for 15 minutes.
water, or to be cooked in
boiling water
bake 5C VB 140 v beɪk to cook (something) using dry I'm baking some bread.
heat, in an oven, or to be
cooked in this way
chop 5C VB 140 v tʃɒp to cut (something) into smaller Can you chop up some
pieces carrots for me?
grill 5C VB 140 v ɡrɪl if you grill something, or if it Grill the bacon until crisp.
grills, you cook it by putting it
on a flat metal frame with bars
across it, above or below
strong direct heat
peel 5C VB 140 v piːl to remove the skin from (fruit Peel the apples and place
or vegetables) them in a dish with some
butter and sugar.
stir 5C VB 140 v stɜː to move (a liquid or Stir a cup of cooked brown
substance) around with a rice into the mixture.
spoon or stick in order to mix
it together
pour 5C VB 140 v pɔː to make (a liquid or other She poured coffee for
substance) flow out of or into everyone.
a container by holding it at an
angle
roast 5C VB 140 v rəʊst to cook (something, such as  Are you going to roast the
meat) in an oven or over a chicken?
fire, or to be cooked in this
way
charge 6A 46 v tʃɑːdʒ if a battery charges, or if you I forgot to charge my
charge it, it takes in and mobile phone.
stores electricity
empty 6A 46 v ˈempti to remove everything that is Did you empty the washing
inside (something) machine and hang out the
clothes?
fill something with 6A 46 v ˈfɪl ˌsʌmθɪŋ wɪð if a container or place fills, or First, fill the kettle with cold
… if you fill it, enough of water.
something goes into it to
make it full
load 6A 46 v ləʊd to put a large quantity of Will you help me load the
something into a vehicle or dishwasher?
container
unload 6A 46 v ʌnˈləʊd to remove a large quantity of We helped them unload
something from a vehicle or the boxes from the car.
container
switch on 6A 46 phr v ˌswɪtʃ ˈɒn to turn on (a machine, light, The light switches on
radio, etc.), or to be turned automatically when it gets
on, using a switch dark.

switch off 6A 46 phr v ˌswɪtʃ ˈɒf to turn off (a machine, light, Don’t forget to switch off
radio, etc.), or to be turned the lights before you go.
off, using a switch
turn down 6A 46 phr v ˌtɜːn ˈdaʊn to turn the switch on (a Can you turn the TV down?
machine such as an oven, I’m trying to work.
radio, etc.) so that it produces
less heat, sound, etc.
turn up 6A 46 phr v ˌtɜːˈn ˈʌp to turn a switch on (a machine It's getting colder. Shall we
such as an oven, radio, etc.) turn the heating up?
so that it produces more heat,
sound, etc.
cheat 6B 48 v tʃiːt to behave in a dishonest way He had cheated in the test
in order to win or to get an by using a calculator.
advantage, especially in a
competition, game or
examination
fair 6B 48 adj ˈfeə treating everyone in a way Why does Eric get to go
that is right or equal and I don’t? It’s not fair!
jump the queue 6B 48 v phr ˌdʒʌmp ðə ˈkjuː to go to the front rather than An argument developed
joining the end of a queue when she tried to jump the
queue.
rude 6B 48 adj ruːd speaking or behaving in a It’s rude to interrupt.
way that is not polite and is
likely to offend or annoy
people
polite 6B 48 adj pəˈlaɪt behaving or speaking in a He was too polite to ask
way that is correct for the how old she was.
social situation you are in,
and showing that you are
careful to consider other
people’s needs and feelings
steal 6B 48 v stiːl to take (something that Boys broke into a shop and
belongs to someone else) stole £45 in cash.

illegal 6B 48 adj ɪˈliːɡl not allowed by the law She was found guilty of
possession of illegal drugs.
wrong 6B 48 adj rɒŋ not morally right or acceptable It’s wrong that people
should have to sleep on
the streets.
drop litter 6B 48 v phr ˌdrɒp ˈlɪtə to throw away waste paper, People who drop litter can
cans, etc. and leave them on be fined in some cities.
the ground in a public place
speed 6B 48 v spiːd to be driving faster than the I got caught speeding on
legal limit the A40 yesterday.
be against the law 6B 48 v phr bi əˌɡenst ðə ˈlɔː to be forbidden by law Driving a car without
insurance is against the
law.
lie 6B 48 v laɪ to deliberately tell someone She had lied to protect her
something that is not true son.

dishonest 6B 48 adj dɪˈsɒnɪst not honest, and so deceiving People are no longer
or cheating people surprised to find that
politicians are dishonest.
criminal 6B VB 141 n ˈkrɪmɪnl someone who is involved in Criminals are stealing
illegal activities or has been people's credit card details
proved guilty of a crime off the internet.
judge 6B VB 141 n dʒʌdʒ the official in control of a The trial judge specifies the
court, who decides how number of years to be
criminals should be punished spent in prison.
motive 6B VB 141 n ˈməʊtɪv the reason that makes The main motive for the
someone do something, killings seemed to be
especially when this reason is revenge.
kept hidden
prison 6B VB 141 n ˈprɪzn a building where people are Helen was sent to prison
kept as a punishment for a for attacking a man with a
crime, or while they are knife.
waiting to go to court for their
 trial
suspect 6B VB 141 n ˈsʌspekt someone who is thought to be Two suspects were
guilty of a crime arrested today in
connection with the
robbery.
thief 6B VB 141 n θiːf someone who steals things The thief grabbed her
from another person or place handbag and ran off down
the street.
victim 6B VB 141 n ˈvɪktɪm someone who has been The victim received head
attacked, robbed or murdered injuries from which she
died a week later.
witness 6B VB 141 n ˈwɪtnəs someone who sees a crime or One witness to the
an accident and can describe accident said the driver
what happened appeared to be drunk.
air pollution 6C 50 n ˈeə pəˌluːʃn damage caused to the gases Air pollution can cause
that we breathe, for example breathing problems for
by chemicals from factories some people.
and vehicles
endangered animal 6C 50 n phr ɪnˌdeɪndʒəd ˈænəml an endangered animal is one The lizards are classed as
that may soon no longer exist endangered animals.
because there are so few of
them
extreme weather 6C 50 n phr ɪkˌstriːm ˈweðə very unusual and severe The search had to be
temperature and other abandoned because of the
conditions such as sun, rain extreme weather.
and wind
global warming 6C 50 n ˌɡləʊbl ˈwɔːmɪŋ a general increase in world The recent floods have
temperatures caused by been linked to global
increased amounts of carbon warming.
dioxide around the Earth
plastic waste 6C 50 n ˌplæstɪk ˈweɪst unwanted plastic materials The device will be used to
that are left after you have clear plastic waste from the
used them, e.g. drinks bottles world's oceans.
reduce 6C 50 v rɪˈdjuːs to make (something) smaller We need to reduce the
or less in size, amount or amount of salt in our diet.
price
destroy 6C 50 v dɪˈstrɔɪ to damage (something) so Some of these companies
badly that it no longer exists are polluting and
or cannot be used or repaired destroying the
environment.
waste 6C 50 v weɪst to use more (money, time, Leaving the heating on all
energy, etc.) than is useful or the time wastes electricity.
sensible
save 6C 50 v seɪv to use less (money, time, We’ll save a lot of time if
energy, etc.) so that you do we go by car.
not waste any
throw away 6C 50 v ˌθrəʊ əˈweɪ to get rid of (something that I never throw clothes away.
you do not want or need)

recycle 6C 50 v ˌriːˈsaɪkl to put used objects or We send all our clothes to

materials through a special be recycled.
process so that they can be
used again
reuse 6C 50 v ˌriːˈjuːz to use (something) again The bottles are designed to
be reused up to 20 times.
damage 6C 50 v ˈdæmɪdʒ to cause harm to or have a Several buildings were
bad effect on (something or damaged by the
part of someone’s body) earthquake.
support 6C 50 v səˈpɔːt to give money to (a group, There are a handful of
organisation, or event, etc.) to charities which I support
encourage it or pay for its regularly.
costs
injure 6C 50 v ˈɪndʒə to hurt (yourself or someone Angus injured his leg
else), for example in an playing rugby.
accident or an attack
attack 6C 50 v əˈtæk to deliberately use violence to Police dogs are trained to
hurt (a person) or damage (a attack.
place)
protect 6C 50 v prəˈtekt to keep (someone or The cover protects the
something) safe from harm, machine from dust.
damage or illness
kill 6C 50 v kɪl to make (a person or animal) The driver and his
die passenger were killed in
the crash.
destruction 6C VB 141 n dɪˈstrʌkʃn the act or process of The rains caused
damaging something so badly widespread destruction to
that it no longer exists or crops.
cannot be used or repaired
protection 6C VB 141 n prəˈtekʃn keeping someone or This law provides
something safe from harm, protection for threatened
damage or illness animals and plants.
pollute 6C VB 141 v pəˈluːt to make (air, water, soil, etc.) The island has been
dangerously dirty and not seriously polluted by a
suitable for people to use copper mine.

pollution 6C VB 141 n pəˈluːʃn damage caused to the Oil spills are a major cause
environment, for example by of marine pollution.
chemicals from factories and
vehicles
damage 6C VB 141 n ˈdæmɪdʒ harm to something Biofuels cause less
damage to the
environment.
waste 6C VB 141 n weɪst unwanted materials or How much of our
substances that are left after household waste is
you have used something recycled?
injure 6C VB 141 v ˈɪndʒə to hurt (yourself or someone Her husband was injured in
else), for example in an an accident at work.
accident or attack
lose 6C VB 141 v luːz to become unable to find I’ve lost the tickets for
(someone or something) tonight’s show.

miss 6C VB 141 v mɪs to be too late for (something) I overslept and missed the
train.
take 6C VB 141 v teɪk to move (something) to Don’t forget to take your
another place, or help keys.
(someone) go to another
place
bring 6C VB 141 v brɪŋ to take (something or He asked his father if he
someone) to the place where could bring a friend to stay.
you are now, or the place
where you are going
lend 6C VB 141 v lend to let someone borrow Did you lend that book to
(money or something that Mike?
belongs to you) for a short
time
borrow 6C VB 141 v ˈbɒrəʊ to use (something that Can I borrow your pen for a
belongs to someone else and minute?
that you must give back to
them later)
journey 6C VB 141 n ˈdʒɜːni an occasion when you travel We stopped for breakfast,
from one place to another, then continued our journey.
especially over a long
distance
travel 6C VB 141 n ˈtrævl the activity of going from one My new job involves a fair
place to another, or to several amount of travel.
places, especially ones that
are far away
at the moment 6C VB 141 adv ət ðə ˈməʊmənt now Julia’s on holiday in Spain
at the moment.
actually 6C VB 141 adv ˈæktʃuəli, -tʃəli in fact; used to emphasise the What time are you actually
real or exact truth of a leaving?
situation, rather than what
people may think
work on your 7A 54 v phr ˌwɜːk ɒn jə ˈlæŋɡwɪdʒ to try very hard to improve My new job involves a lot
language skills your ability to speak another of travel, so I'm working on
ˌskɪlz lanɡuaɡe my language skills.
work on your 7A 54 v phr ˌwɜːk ɒn jə ˈsɪŋɪŋ to try very hard to improve You're a good actor, but
singing your ability to sing you need to work on your
singing.
gain confidence 7A 54 v phr ˌɡeɪn ˈkɒnfɪdns to gradually get more and As you gain confidence
more sure that you have the you will become a better
ability to do things well or deal driver.
with situations successfully
gain experience 7A 54 v phr ˌɡeɪn ɪkˈspɪəriəns to gradually obtain knowledge Voluntary work is a good
or skill from doing a job or way of gaining experience.
activity
improve your maths 7A 54 v phr ɪmˌpruːv jə ˈmæθs to make your maths skills Practice is one of the best
better ways to improve your
maths.
improve your 7A 54 v phr ɪmˌpruːv jə ˈspiːkɪŋ ˌskɪlz to make your ability to speak She has been attending
speaking skills in public better drama classes to improve
her speaking skills.
develop practical 7A 54 v phr ˌdɪveləp ˈpræktɪkl ˌskɪlz if you develop a practical skill, The course is designed to
skills you become better at doing help mechanical engineers
things relating to real develop their practical
situations and events rather skills.
than ideas, emotions, etc.
develop your 7A 54 v phr ˌdɪveləp jər ˈɪntəvjuː if you develop your interview Even if you don't get the
interview skills skills, you become better at job, it will be a good
ˌskɪlz answering questions about opportunity to develop your
whether you are suitable for a interview skills.
job, course of study, etc.
prepare delicious 7A 54 v phr prɪˌpeə dɪˌlɪʃəs ˈdɪʃəz to make excellent food We learned to prepare
dishes delicious Vietnamese
dishes.
prepare for an 7A 54 v phr prɪˌpeə fər ən ˈɪntəvjuː to make yourself mentally or Josh has been preparing
interview physically ready for a formal for his army interview for
meeting at which you are months.
asked questions in order to
find out whether you are
suitable for a job, course of
study, etc.
edit photos 7A 54 v phr ˌedɪt ˈfəʊtəʊz to improve photographs by This software includes
adding effects, removing improved tools for editing
material or making parts photos.
clearer
edit your work 7A 54 v phr ˌedɪt jə ˈwɜːk to prepare a piece of written Editing your work carefully
work by removing mistakes or could mean you receive a
parts that are not acceptable higher mark.
design a website 7A 54 v phr dɪˌzaɪn ə ˈwebsaɪt to plan or develop a place on Their website has been
the internet where you can professionally designed.
find information
design your own 7A 54 v phr dɪˌzaɪn jər əʊn ˈkləʊðz, to make a drawing or plan of Most fashion students have
clothes something that you will wear designed their own clothes
ˈkləʊz yourself at some time.
learn how to 7A 54 v phr ˌlɜːn haʊ tə ˌtʃeɪndʒ ə to gain knowledge of the skill I learned to change a plug
change a plug of changing the small object in a physics lesson when I
ˈplʌɡ at the end of a wire that is was 12.
used for connecting a piece of
electrical equipment to the
main supply of electricity
learn the drums 7A 54 v phr ˌlɜːn ðə ˈdrʌmz to gain knowledge of how to Rick starting playing guitar
play musical instruments but learnt the drums when
made of skin stretched over a the drummer left the band.
circular frame
take photos 7A 54 v phr ˌteɪk ˈfəʊtəʊz to use a camera to create We took photos of each
images other on the beach.
take a course 7A 54 v phr ˌteɪk ə ˈkɔːs to do a series of lessons in a I’m taking a course in
particular subject graphic design.
get married 7B 56 v phr ɡet ˈmærid if you get married to The princess is getting
someone, you become their married next April.
husband or wife
get engaged 7B 56 v phr ɡet ɪnˈɡeɪdʒd if two people get engaged, They're planning to get
they agree to marry engaged when they've
finished their training.
get divorced 7B 56 v phr ɡet dɪˈvɔːst to end a marriage My parents are getting
divorced.
have children 7B 56 v phr hæv ˈtʃɪldrən to become a parent and have He stopped racing when he
more than one baby had children.

move house 7B 56 v phr ˌmuːv ˈhaʊs to go and live in a different We moved house four
place times in ten years because
of Greg's job.
graduate from 7B 56 v phr ˌɡrædʒuːeɪt frəm ˌjuːnə to obtain a degree, especially He graduated in physics
university/college a first degree, from a college from Cambridge University.
ˈvɜːsəti/ˈkɒlɪdʒ or university
find your first job 7B 56 v phr ˌfaɪnd jə ˌfɜːst ˈdʒɒb to arrange your first work Stella found her first job a
position week after leaving school.
get your first job 7B 56 v phr ˌɡet jə ˌfɜːst ˈdʒɒb to be offered your first work Henry got his first job at an
position engineering company.
lose your first job 7B 56 v phr ˌluːz jə ˌfɜːst ˈdʒɒb to be asked to leave your first I lost my first job after three
work position days – but it was very
boring, so I didn't mind!
pass a driving test 7B 56 v phr ˌpɑːs ə ˈdraɪvɪŋ test to succeed in the test that you I passed my driving test the
must pass before you are second time I took it.
allowed to drive
pass an exam 7B 56 v phr ˌpɑːs ən ɪɡˈzæm to succeed in an important Did you pass your final
test exam?
win an award 7B 56 v phr ˌwɪn ən əˈwɔːd to be given a prize Jacobs won an award for
his life-changing invention.
go travelling 7B 56 v phr ˌɡəʊ ˈtrævlɪŋ to travel to a lot of different Zak went travelling for two
places, especially places that years after leaving
are far away university.
go abroad 7B 56 v phr ˌɡəʊ əˈbrɔːd to travel to a foreign country She often goes abroad on
business.
start a business 7B 56 v phr ˌstɑːt ə ˈbɪznəs to set up an organisation such The two brothers started a
as a company, shop or factory printing business.
that produces or sells goods
or provides a service
leave school 7B 56 v phr ˌliːv ˈskuːl to permanently stop attending He left school when he was
school 14 to help his father run the
farm.
leave home 7B 56 v phr ˌliːv ˈhəʊm to permanently stop living at How old were you when
home you left home?
fall in love 7B 56 v phr ˌfɔːl ɪn ˈlʌv to start being in love I fell in love with her the
minute I saw her.
backpack 7C 58 n ˈbækpæk a bag used for carrying things I can carry everything I
on your back, especially by need for a day in the
people on long walks mountains in a small
backpack.
camping stove 7C 58 n ˈkæmpɪŋ ˌstəʊv a small device used to cook We've become quite good
food in a single pot outdoors, at inventing meals you can
when camping, etc. cook on a camping stove.
insect repellent 7C 58 n ˈɪnsekt rɪˌpelənt a chemical to keep insects If you go camping, you
away should take some insect
repellent.
portable charger 7C 58 n ˌpɔːtəbl ˈtʃɑːdʒə a piece of equipment used to The portable charger
put electricity into a battery, meant I could still use my
which you can use when mobile phone after three
travelling days at sea.
sleeping bag 7C 58 n ˈsliːpɪŋ bæɡ a large warm bag that you Rob lent me a sleeping bag
sleep in, especially when and let me sleep on his
camping floor.
sunglasses 7C 58 n ˈsʌnˌɡlɑːsɪz dark glasses that you wear to Pilots are advised to wear
protect your eyes when the sunglasses to prevent
sun is very bright problems with their eyes
later in life.
sunscreen 7C 58 n ˈsʌnskriːn a cream or oil that you rub It's important to protect
into your skin to stop the sun your child's skin with
from burning you sunscreen.
tent 7C 58 n tent a shelter consisting of a sheet We put our tent up by the
of cloth supported by poles river.
and ropes, used especially for
camping
torch 7C 58 n tɔːtʃ a small electric lamp that you We shone our torches
carry in your hand around the cave.
walking boots 7C 58 n pl ˈwɔːkɪŋ buːts shoes that cover your whole In the mountains you’ll
foot and the lower part of your need some strong walking
leg boots.
waterproof jacket 7C 58 n ˌwɔːtəpruːf ˈdʒækɪt a short light coat that does not Please provide your child
allow water to enter with a packed lunch and a
waterproof jacket for the
trip.
headphones 7C VB 142 n pl ˈhedfəʊnz a piece of equipment that you He didn't hear the bus
wear over your ears to listen driver's instructions
to the radio, music, etc. because he was wearing
without other people hearing it headphones.
passport 7C VB 142 n ˈpɑːspɔːt a small official document that She was born in India but
you get from your has a British passport.
government, that proves who
you are, and which you need
in order to leave your country
 and enter other countries
tennis racket 7C VB 142 n ˈtenɪs ˌrækɪt a specially shaped piece of Most professional players
wood or metal that you use will use at least six tennis
for hitting the ball in tennis rackets in a match.
swimsuit 7C VB 142 n ˈswɪmsuːt a piece of clothing worn for Bring a swimsuit, because
swimming we're planning to swim in
the river before the picnic.
can opener 7C VB 142 n ˈkæn ˌəʊpnə a tool for opening a can of My pocket knife has a good
food can opener.
basketball 7C VB 142 n ˈbɑːskɪtbɔːl the ball used in a game The whole team wrote their
played indoors between two names on Joe's basketball.
teams of five players, in which
each team tries to win points
by throwing a ball through a
net
running shoes 7C VB 142 n pl ˈrʌnɪŋ ʃuːz light sports shoes that are Get yourself a good pair of
designed for the sport of running shoes if you want
running to enter the race.
guidebook 7C VB 142 n ˈɡaɪdbʊk a book about a city, country, Can I borrow your
etc. guidebook to Barcelona?
toothbrush 7C VB 142 n ˈtuːθbrʌʃ a small brush that you use for Buy a new toothbrush
cleaning your teeth every three months.

clear up 8A 62 phr v ˌklɪər ˈʌp to make a place look tidier by Adam, clear up this mess
putting things back where before your father sees it.
they belong
take out 8A 62 phr v ˌteɪk ˈaʊt to remove (things that people We take the rubbish out
throw away, such as old food, every night before locking
dirty paper, etc.) from the up the restaurant.
house to a bin outside
call back 8A 62 phr v ˌkɔːl ˈbæk to telephone someone again, Can you ask John to call
for example because they me back when he gets in?
were not at home when you
telephoned last time, or
because they have previously
called you
shut down 8A 62 phr v ˌʃʌt ˈdaʊn if a large machine, etc. is shut The way to shut the
down, it stops operating, machine down is to type
either permanently or for a EXIT.
short time
join in 8A 62 phr v ˌdʒɔɪn ˈɪn to take part in something that In the evening there was a
a group of people are doing or barbecue, with the whole
that someone else does village joining in the fun.
put away 8A 62 phr v ˌpʊt əˈweɪ to put (something) in the He put his toys away every
place where it is usually kept night.

throw away 8A 62 phr v ˌθrəʊ əˈweɪ to get rid of (something that I shouldn’t have thrown
you do not want or need) away the receipt.

put back 8A 62 phr v ˌpʊt ˈbæk to put (people or things) in the She put the saucepan back
place or situation they were in on the stove.
before
give out 8A 62 phr v ˌɡɪv ˈaʊt to give (something) to each Students were giving out
person in a group leaflets to everyone on the
street.
deal with 8A 62 phr v ˈdiːl wɪð to do business with Most travel agents do not
(someone) or have a deal directly with these
business connection with companies.
(someone)
hand in 8A 62 phr v ˌhænd ˈɪn to give (something) to Did you hand your
someone in authority homework in on time?
look after 8A VB 143 phr v lʊk ˈɑːftə to take care of (someone) by Don’t worry, I’ll look after
helping them, giving them the kids tomorrow.
what they need or keeping
them safe
look forward to 8A VB 143 phr v lʊk ˈfɔːwəd tə to be excited and pleased My mother says she’s
about (something that is going looking forward to meeting
to happen) you.
take after 8A VB 143 phr v ˈteɪk ˌɑːftə to look or behave like (an Jenni really takes after her
older relative) mother.
take up 8A VB 143 phr v ˌteɪk ˈʌp to become interested in (a Rosie's taken up
new activity) and to spend photography, so she needs
time doing it a new camera.
get over 8A VB 143 phr v ɡet ˈəʊvə to become well again after (an It’s taken me ages to get
illness) over the flu.
get in 8A VB 143 phr v ɡet ˈɪn to enter a place or a vehicle We managed to get in
through a window.
put off 8A VB 143 phr v pʊt ˈɒf to delay doing (something) or I put off going to the doctor
to arrange to do (something) but I wish I hadn’t.
at a later time or date,
especially because there is a
problem or you do not want to
do it now
amazingly 8B 65 adv əˈmeɪzɪŋli very surprisingly Amazingly, you still see
people using mobile
phones while driving.
fortunately 8B 65 adv ˈfɔːtʃnətli happening because of good Fortunately, everything
luck worked out all right in the
end.
unfortunately 8B 65 adv ʌnˈfɔːtʃnətli used when you are Unfortunately, you were
mentioning a fact that you out when we called.
wish was not true
happily 8B 65 adv ˈhæpəli in a happy way / fortunately Michelle smiled happily. /
Happily, his injuries were
not serious.
sadly 8B 65 adv ˈsædli in a way that shows that you Peter shook his head
are sad / unfortunately sadly. / Sadly, the business
failed.
hopefully 8B 65 adv ˈhəʊpfli a way of saying what you By then the problem will
hope will happen hopefully have been
solved.
luckily 8B 65 adv ˈlʌkəli used to say that it is good that Luckily, the museum was
something happened or was not damaged by the
done because if it had not, the earthquake.
situation would be unpleasant
or difficult
unluckily 8B 65 adv ʌnˈlʌkəli used to say that it is bad that Unluckily, the car broke
something happened or was down on the way to his
done because it resulted in an interview.
unpleasant or difficult
situation
obviously 8B 65 adv ˈɒbviəsli used to mean that a fact can Obviously, this is going to
easily be noticed or take some time.
understood
strangely 8B 65 adv ˈstreɪndʒli in an unusual or surprising Strangely enough, I wasn’t
way that disappointed.
surprisingly 8B 65 adv səˈpraɪzɪŋli unusually or unexpectedly Surprisingly, there has
been very little research
into the disease.
not surprisingly 8B 65 adv ˌnɒt səˈpraɪzɪŋli used to mean that something Not surprisingly, with youth
is not surprising or could have unemployment so high,
been expected some school-leavers with
qualifications fail to find
jobs.
thankfully 8B 65 adv ˈθæŋkfli used to say that you are glad Thankfully, I managed to
that something has pay off all my debts before
happened, especially we got married.
because a difficult situation
has ended or been avoided
tragically 8B 65 adv ˈtrædʒɪkli in a way that makes you feel Tragically, her dancing
sad, especially because career ended only six
someone has died months later.
bay 8C 66 n beɪ a part of the sea that is partly We spent a week in a
enclosed by a curve in the house with a view across
land the bay.
cave 8C 66 n keɪv a large natural hole in the side The boys went into a cave
of a cliff or hill, or under the until the storm was over.
ground
cliff 8C 66 n klɪf a large area of rock or a Keep away from the cliff
mountain with a very steep edge.
side, often at the edge of the
sea or a river
coast 8C 66 n kəʊst the area where the land We drove along the Pacific
meets the sea coast to Seattle.
desert 8C 66 n ˈdeʒət a large area of land where it is A hot dry wind blows from
always very dry, there are few the desert areas of North
plants, and there is a lot of Africa.
sand or rocks
forest 8C 66 n ˈfɒrɪst a large area of land that is Much of Scandinavia is
 covered with trees covered in dense forest.
hill 8C 66 n hɪl an area of land that is higher The view from the top of
than the land around it, like a the hill was beautiful.
mountain but smaller
island 8C 66 n ˈaɪlənd a piece of land completely We stayed on the Greek
surrounded by water island of Crete.
lake 8C 66 n leɪk a large area of water Are there any fish in the
surrounded by land lake?
mountain 8C 66 n ˈmaʊntɪn a very high hill She was the first British
woman to climb the
mountain.
peak 8C 66 n piːk the sharply pointed top of a All around are the
mountain spectacular mountain
peaks of the Jungfrau
region.
rainforest 8C 66 n ˈreɪnfɒrɪst a tropical forest with tall trees My uncle studies insects in
that are very close together, the Amazon rainforest.
growing in an area where it
rains a lot
river 8C 66 n ˈrɪvə a natural and continuous flow The story is set on the
of water in a long line across Mississippi River.
a country into the sea
shore 8C 66 n ʃɔː the land along the edge of a Split lies on the shore of
large area of water such as the Adriatic.
an ocean or lake
valley 8C 66 n ˈvæli an area of lower land between There are extensive views
two lines of hills or mountains, across the San Fernando
usually with a river flowing Valley.
through it
waterfall 8C 66 n ˈwɔːtəfɔːl a place where water from a We swam in a pool at the
river or stream falls down over bottom of the waterfall.
a cliff or rock
save up for 9A 70 phr v ˌseɪv ˈʌp fə to keep money in a bank so I’m saving up for a new
that you can use it later to buy car.
something, especially when
you gradually add more
money over a period of time
pay in cash 9A 70 v phr ˌpeɪ ɪn ˈkæʃ to buy somethinɡ usinɡ The shop charges less if
money in the form of coins or the customer pays in cash.
notes rather than cheques,
credit cards, etc.
pay by credit card 9A 70 v phr ˌpeɪ baɪ ˈkredɪt kɑːd to buy somethinɡ usinɡ a It's safer to pay by credit
small plastic card that you use card when you shop online.
to buy goods or services and
pay for them later
keep the receipt 9A 70 v phr ˌkiːp ðə rɪˈsiːt to keep the piece of paper Keep your receipt in case
that you are given which you want to bring it back.
shows that you have paid for
something
exchange 9A 70 v ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ to replace (one thing) with He exchanged the black
another jacket for a blue one.
look for bargains 9A 70 v phr ˌlʊk fə ˈbɑːɡɪnz to try to find something you She began looking for
can buy cheaply or for less bargains at car boot sales.
than its usual price
look for special 9A 70 v phr ˌlʊk fə ˌspeʃl ˈɒfəz to try to buy something which It's worth looking for
offers has been reduced in price for special offers on garden
a short time furniture in September.
a good deal 9A 70 n phr ə ˌɡʊd ˈdiːl when you buy something at a He managed to get a good
good price deal on a car for his son.
the sales 9A 70 n phr ðə ˈseɪlz when all the shops have a I picked up some real
sale bargains in the January
sales this year.
go on sale 9A 70 v phr ˌɡəʊ ɒn ˈseɪl to begin to be sold Stephen King’s new novel
will go on sale next week.
goods 9A 70 n ɡʊdz things that are produced in Today's shoppers are
order to be sold spending more money on
mobile phones and
electrical goods than on
clothing.
deliver 9A 70 v dɪˈlɪvə to take (goods, letters, I’m having some flowers
packages, etc.) to a particular delivered for her birthday.
place or person
get a refund 9A 70 v phr ɡet ə ˈriːfʌnd to receive back an amount of If you return an item within
money if you are not satisfied 28 days, you will get a
with the goods or services refund.
that you have paid for
cancel an order 9A 70 v phr ˌkænsl ən ˈɔːdə to end an agreement that you If you can't deliver the
have with someone to buy furniture on the agreed
something or have something date, I'll have to cancel the
delivered order.
wonderful 9B 73 adj ˈwʌndəfl making you feel very happy We had a wonderful time in
Spain.
terrible 9B 73 adj ˈterəbl very bad The journey was terrible –
it took six hours.
tiny 9B 73 adj ˈtaɪni very small Dairy foods provide your
body with a tiny amount of
vitamin D.
disgusting 9B 73 adj dɪsˈɡʌstɪŋ extremely unpleasant and Rubbish was piled
making you feel sick everywhere – it was
disgusting.
excellent 9B 73 adj ˈekslənt extremely good or of very His English was excellent.
high quality
huge 9B 73 adj hjuːdʒ extremely large in size, She was chased by a huge
amount or degree dog.
furious 9B 73 adj ˈfjʊəriəs very angry Her family are furious that
her name has been
published by the press.
thrilled 9B 73 adj θrɪld very excited, happy and We were so thrilled to hear
pleased about the baby.
terrified 9B 73 adj ˈterɪfaɪd very frightened We were terrified that the
bridge would collapse.
gorgeous 9B 73 adj ˈɡɔːdʒəs extremely pleasant or The hotel room had a
enjoyable gorgeous view.
exhausted 9B 73 adj ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd extremely tired When I got to the end of
my exams I was mentally
exhausted.
freezing 9B VB 144 adj ˈfriːzɪŋ extremely cold It’s freezing in this house.
Can’t I turn on the heating?
boiling 9B VB 144 adj ˈbɔɪlɪŋ extremely hot Can I open a window? It’s
boiling in here.
shocked 9B VB 144 adj ʃɒkt feeling surprised and upset by We were too shocked to
something very unexpected talk.
and unpleasant
enormous 9B VB 144 adj ɪˈnɔːməs very big in size or in amount The team made an
enormous effort.
ancient 9B VB 144 adj ˈeɪnʃnt having existed for a very long We explored the ancient
time walled city.
awful 9B VB 144 adj ˈɔːfl very bad or unpleasant The weather was awful.
fascinating 9B VB 144 adj ˈfæsəneɪtɪŋ extremely interesting We watched a fascinating
documentary about
dolphins.
delighted 9B VB 144 adj dɪˈlaɪtɪd very pleased and happy She was delighted with her
new home.
abstract 9C 74 adj ˈæbstrækt abstract paintings, designs, Kandinsky's paintings
etc. consist of shapes and became more abstract as
patterns that do not look like the years passed.
real people or things
cheerful 9C 74 adj ˈtʃɪəfl something that is cheerful The house has a cheerful
makes you feel happy atmosphere.
because it is so bright or
pleasant
colourful 9C 74 adj ˈkʌləfl having bright colours or a lot The dancers wore colourful
of different colours costumes.
creative 9C 74 adj kriˈeɪtɪv involving the use of I teach creative writing at
imagination to produce new Trinity College.
ideas or things
old-fashioned 9C 74 adj ˌəʊld ˈfæʃnd not considered to be modern She wears really old-
or fashionable any more fashioned clothes!

original 9C 74 adj əˈrɪdʒɪnl, -dʒnəl completely new and different She came up with some
from anything that anyone really good and original
has thought of before ideas for the centenary
celebrations.
powerful 9C 74 adj ˈpaʊəfl having a strong effect on The final act is a powerful
someone’s feelings or piece of theatre.
opinions
realistic 9C 74 adj rɪəˈlɪstɪk realistic pictures or stories The series aims to give a
show things as they are in realistic portrayal of life in
real life Victorian Britain.
silly 9C 74 adj ˈsɪli not serious or practical They served us coffee in
these silly little cups.
spectacular 9C 74 adj spekˈtækjələ very impressive Corsica is a mountainous
island with spectacular
scenery.
traditional 9C 74 adj trəˈdɪʃnəl following ideas and methods I went to a very traditional
that have existed for a long school.
time, rather than doing
anything new or different
ugly 9C 74 adj ˈʌɡli extremely unattractive and They have built several
unpleasant to look at very ugly blocks of flats
near the airport.
unoriginal 9C 74 adj ˌʌnəˈrɪdʒɪnl, -dʒnəl not new or different from That’s an unoriginal
anything that anyone has suggestion.
thought of before
weird 9C 74 adj ˈwɪəd very strange and unusual, They sell all sorts of weird
and difficult to understand or products.
explain
revise (for a test/an 10A 78 v phr rɪˌvaɪz fər ə ˈtest/ən ɪɡ to study facts again, in order She’s revising for her
exam) to learn them before a test or history exam.
ˈzæm an examination
do well (in a test/an 10A 78 v phr duː ˌwel ɪn ə ˈtest/ən ɪɡ to be successful in a test or Students are under
exam) an examination considerable pressure to
ˈzæm do well.
take (a test/an 10A 78 v phr ˌteɪk ə ˈtest/ən ɪɡˈzæm to do a test or an examination Applicants are asked to
exam) take a written test.
pass (a test/an 10A 78 v phr ˌpɑːs ə ˈtest/ən ɪɡˈzæm to succeed in a test or an He hasn’t passed his
exam) examination driving test yet.
fail (a test/an exam) 10A 78 v phr ˌfeɪl ə ˈtest/ən ɪɡˈzæm to not pass a test or an He failed maths but passed
examination all his other subjects.
boarding school 10A 78 n ˈbɔːdɪŋ ˌskuːl a school where students live Rugby is a famous English
as well as study boarding school, where the
game of that name was
invented.

secondary school 10A 78 n ˈsekəndri ˌskuːl a school for children between My sister and I attended
the ages of 11 and 16 or 18 different secondary schools
after the age of 14.
primary school 10A 78 n ˈpraɪmri ˌskuːl a school for children between Children start primary
5 and 11 years old in school here at the age of 5.
England, Scotland and Wales
get low/high grades 10A 78 v phr ɡet ˌləʊ/ˌhaɪ ˈɡreɪdz to get poor/good marks in a Tim worked hard and got
test or an examination good grades.

pay fees 10A 78 v phr ˌpeɪ ˈfiːz to pay an amount of money to We have three children at
do something, e.g. to attend a the school, so we'll be
school or college paying fees for many
years.
state school 10A 78 n ˈsteɪt ˌskuːl a British school which Universities encourage
receives money from the students from state schools
government and provides free to apply.
education
attend (a school) 10A 78 v phr əˌtend ə ˈskuːl to go regularly to (a school, I am the first child in my
church, etc.) family to attend college.
take a subject 10A 78 v phr ˌteɪk ə ˈsʌbdʒɪkt to study a particular subject in Are you taking French next
school or college for an year?
examination
get qualifications 10A 78 v phr ɡet ˌkwɒlɪfɪˈkeɪʃnz to pass an examination or I want to get the
course to show that you have qualifications so that I can
a particular level of skill or become a doctor.
knowledge in a subject
say goodbye 10A VB 145 v phr ˌseɪ ɡʊdˈbaɪ to say the words used when She left without saying
you are leaving someone, or goodbye.
when they are leaving
say nothing 10A VB 145 v phr ˌseɪ ˈnʌθɪŋ to remain silent I wished I had said nothing
about Jordi.
say what you think 10A VB 145 v phr ˌseɪ wɒt jʊ ˈθɪŋk to use words to express your At last I'm free to say what
opinion about something I think about my mother-in-
 law!
say yes 10A VB 145 v phr ˌseɪ ˈjes to agree to something Can I go to Sam's party,
Dad? Please say yes!
tell someone a 10A VB 145 v phr ˌtel sʌmwʌn ə ˈsiːkrɪt to talk to someone about Shall I tell you a secret?
secret something that is kept hidden
or that is known about by only
a few people
tell someone 10A VB 145 v phr ˈtel sʌmwʌn ˌsʌmθɪŋ if someone tells you I wish someone had told
something something, they communicate me the meeting was
information, a story, their cancelled.
feelings, etc. to you

tell a story 10A VB 145 v phr ˌtel ə ˈstɔːri to speak to people, giving He then told the story of
them a description of events, how he was injured while
told to entertain them riding his motorcycle.
tell the truth 10A VB 145 v phr ˌtel ðə ˈtruːθ to say the true facts about How do we know you’re
something, rather than telling us the truth?
something untrue, imagined
or guessed
speak about 10A VB 145 v phr ˈspiːk əbaʊt ˌsʌmθɪŋ to talk to someone, or a group I haven’t spoken to Steve
something of people, about something about all this.

speak a language 10A VB 145 v phr ˌspiːk ə ˈlæŋɡwɪdʒ to be able to talk in a Can you speak a foreign
particular language language?
speak on the phone 10A VB 145 v phr ˌspiːk ɒn ðə ˈfəʊn to use the telephone to have I haven't seen my parents
a conversation with someone for six months but we
speak on the phone twice a
week.
speak quietly 10A VB 145 v phr ˌspiːk ˈkwaɪətli to talk without making much We spoke quietly because
noise Sophie was still asleep.
speak with 10A VB 145 v phr ˈspiːk wɪð ˌsʌmwʌn to talk to someone They did not want to speak
someone with reporters.
persuade 10B 80 v pəˈsweɪd to make someone decide to Do you think you can
do something, especially by persuade him to lend us
giving them reasons why they the money?
should do it, or asking them
many times to do it
encourage 10B 80 v ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ to give someone more Language students are
confidence or desire to do strongly encouraged to
something, or to make study abroad for one
something easier or more semester.
desirable to do
advise 10B 80 v ədˈvaɪz to tell someone what you I’d advise you not to say
think they should do, anything to the press.
especially when you know
more than they do about
something
warn 10B 80 v wɔːn to tell someone that I warned you not to walk
something bad or dangerous home alone.
may happen, so that they can
avoid it or prevent it
promise 10B 80 v ˈprɒmɪs to tell someone that you will ‘Promise me you won’t do
definitely do or provide anything stupid.’ ‘I
something or that something promise.’
will happen
start 10B 80 v stɑːt to do something that you were What Kerry said started me
not doing before, and thinking.
continue doing it
avoid 10B 80 v əˈvɔɪd to deliberately not do You should avoid over-
something, especially spending in the first half of
something wrong, dangerous the year.
or harmful
suggest 10B 80 v səˈdʒest to tell someone your ideas Tracey suggested meeting
about what they should do, for a drink after work.
where they should go, etc.
refuse 10B 80 v rɪˈfjuːz to say firmly that you will not I absolutely refuse to take
do something that someone part in anything illegal.
has asked you to do
consider 10B 80 v kənˈsɪdə to think about something I seriously considered
carefully, especially before resigning.
 making a choice or decision
recommend 10B 80 v ˌrekəˈmend to advise someone to do I would strongly
something, especially recommend buying a good
because you have special quality bicycle rather than a
knowledge of a situation or cheap one.
subject
arrange an 10C 82 v phr əˌreɪndʒ ən ˈɪntəvjuː to organise or make plans for Beth arranged interviews
interview a formal meeting at which for all six candidates with
someone is asked questions the marketing director.
in order to find out whether
they are suitable for a job,
course of study, etc.
arrange/set up a 10C 82 v phr əˌreɪndʒ/ˌset ʌp ə ˈmiːtɪŋ to organise or make plans for We’ve arranged a meeting
meeting an event at which people next week to discuss the
meet to discuss and decide matter.
things
do research 10C 82 v phr ˌduː rɪˈsɜːtʃ to carry out serious study of a They are doing research
subject, in order to discover into the effects of the drug.
new facts or test new ideas
employ people 10C 82 v phr ɪmˈplɔɪ ˌpiːpl to pay individuals to work for The factory employs over
you 2,000 people.
give a presentation 10C 82 v phr ˌɡɪv ə preznˈteɪʃn to speak at an event at which I’m going to ask each of
you describe or explain a new you to give a short
product or idea presentation.
interview people 10C 82 v phr ˈɪntəvjuː ˌpiːpl to ask individuals questions We’re interviewing six
during an interview candidates for the job.
manage a project 10C 82 v phr ˌmænɪdʒ ə ˈprɒdʒekt to direct or control a carefully I've been asked to manage
planned piece of work and the the new shopping centre
people, equipment and project.
money involved in it, to get
information about something,
build something, improve
something, etc.
manage people 10C 82 v phr ˈmænɪdʒ ˌpiːpl to direct or control the Do you have any
individuals who work in a experience of managing
particular department or job hospital staff?
manage a shop 10C 82 v phr ˌmænɪdʒ ə ˈʃɒp to direct or control a building She's managing her
where you can buy things, uncle's butcher's shop
and the people, equipment while he is recovering from
and money involved in it an illness.
offer someone a job 10C 82 v phr ˌɒfə sʌmwʌn ə ˈdʒɒb to ask someone if they would They offered him a very
like to be employed by you or good job, but he turned it
your company down.
serve customers 10C 82 v phr ˌsɜːv ˈkʌstəməz to help the customers in a There was only one girl
shop, especially by bringing serving customers.
them the things that they want
write a report 10C 82 v phr ˌraɪt ə rɪˈpɔːt to write a written or spoken Her social worker has
description of a situation or written a report on the
event, giving people the case.
information they need
work in a team 10C 82 v phr ˌwɜːk ɪn ə ˈtiːm to work in a group of people I work well on my own, but
who have been chosen to even better in a team.
work together to do a
particular job