Into account! ‘Beekdes this ism copy land oniy for In-house purposes of ‘SMS Schioernann-Siemag AG. (acc 19 DIN reference sheet 3) i 5 permission ot tn case of changes this printout Is not tae tandirg maybe reprogucea wimouk 1 No part UDC 774.43:001.4 DEUTSCHE NORM Engineering drawing practice Dimensioning Concepts and generat principles Technische Zeichnungan; MaBeintraguna: Begrfe, allgemeine Grundiagen This standard supersedes April 1977 edition of DIN 406 Part 1 and, together with Decernber 1992 ‘edition of DIN 406 Parts 1 and 12. supersedes August 1981 edition of DIN 406 Part 2 See Explanatory notes for connection with International Standard {SO 129: 1986 published by the international Organization Jor Standardization (ISO). Contents 11 Scope and field of application .. 2 Concepts be 3. General principles... 31 Dimensioning elements 32. Symbols 7 33. Dimensioning systems 7 4 Orientation ot drawing and letter 35. Appiation | 1 Scope and fleld of application This standard specifies concepts and general principtes relating to dimensioning on ongingsring drawings. The spec ‘fications may be applied analogously to dimensioning on other technical documents. Further datais and practical examples are provided in other parts of the DIN 406 series of standards, 2 Concepts In the definitions given balow, an arrow (~) precedes terms which aro themselves defined elsewhere in this clause, 2.1 Dimensioning from a common feature Dimensioning trom a common feature is a method in which fe number of featutes are dimensioned from a common faa- ture (Le. where a number of cimensions of the same direc- tion relate to a common origin). ‘The dimensions are based on the theoretically exact shape of the commen feature, dou me Geieanlngusge aia shoul 96 cans 2.2 Datum Addatum is a dimension of a feature which rafers to another aiven feature of the game object (datum feature). 2.3. Single dimensioning In single dimensioning, the features are individually dimen- sloned without reference to a common feature. 2.4 Finished dimension {finished dimension is @ ~> dimension which refers to the object as an end product. NOTE: The representation of the object as an end product may refer to the raw (ag. as formed), inter- ‘mediate oF finighad state of the ebject, or even toa surface treatmont ‘ean Vary Gon Stondarde referred to Other relevant standards Provious editions Amendments Explanatory notes Atphabatical index... 25 Functional dimension ‘A functional dimension is a -> dimension serving to define the shane, size or orientation of features, or the spaces bbetwaen them, which are essential to the function of a part ‘oF group of parts. 2.6 Initial length ‘Tho inital length is the Jength of @ part prior to its being bent 2.7 Auxiliary dimension ‘An auxilary dimansion is a~ dimension given for itormation purposes anly and not exsential to the geometrical defini: tion of a part It does not count as a dimansional specifics tion for contractual purposes. 2.8 Leader line ‘Aleader line used to indicate - dimensions is a fine connect ing the representation of an object and a dimensional value ‘and is generally drawn a6 a line extending obliquely out of the representation. 2.9 Informative dimension {An informative dimensions a-- dimension which is indicated in tender, sales and advertising documentation and in other ‘technical documents. is generally nat specifically ident fied as such, is not toleranced and only counts as a dimen- sional specification for contractual purposes when this has been expressly agroed between the contracting parties. NOTE: I, in @ glvon document, informative dime sions need to be distinguished from other diman- sions, they may be identified ag such (9. by a lower-case | in a circle being placed next to them), Continued on pages 2 to 6 ‘DIN 405 Part 10 Engl Price group 7 Seen Ne 107Page 2 DIN 406 Part 10 2.10 Chain dimensioning In chain dimensioning, single dimensions are indicated con- secutively, 2.11 Dimensioning by coordinates Dimencicning by coordinates is a form of > dimensioning trom a common toature within a system of (cartesian oF polar) coordin 2.42 Dimension ‘A dimension is 2 physical quantity defined by a numerical value and a unit of measurement. The dimensions in this standard are linaar dimensions, which are indicated in units Of length, and angular dimensions, indicated in units of angle, 2.13 Dimensioning by tables In dimensioning by tables, the parts and/or features and/or dimensions are identified by digits or letters, which are entered in tables together with the corresponding + dimensional valugs, 2.14 Projection tine ‘A projection line is a line drawn to connect the feature to be dimensioned to the associated -» dimension line. 2.15 Dimension line A dimansion line isa straight or curved fine running between two edges, between an edge and a» projection line, ot between two = projection lines. Where drawings and/or dimensioning ara simplified, the dimension line may terminate at oniy one of the toatures referred ta 246 Termination A termination is a marker on a + dimension line that indicates where the line ends, 217 Contre fine A centre ine is a ine that defines the geometrical cantro of faatureo in drawings, 2.18 Parallel dimensioning Parallel dimensioning is a form of ~ dimensioning from a ‘common feature in-which the. features. are individually, dimensioned by way of dimension lines drawn parallel or ‘concentric to each other, 2.49 Check dimension ‘A-check dimension is @ + dimension designated as requiring. particular consideration when the scope or stringency of Inspection ie specified. 2.20. Raw dimension ‘A raw dimension is a + dimension which refers to the inital ‘geometry of an object. 2.21 Line of symmetry Aine of symmetry identities the plane of symmetry which divides an object notional into two symmeirical halves, 2.22 Superimposed running dimensioning ‘Superimposed running dimensioning is 2 form of ~ dimension ing from a common feature in which each feature is dimen sioned trom a common origin with the dimensional values ‘being given in ascanding progression, The + dimension ines. are generally placed as a superimposed series, 23. Repetition For the purposes of this standard, ‘repetition’ is the raguiar ‘recurrence of features at equal intervals or angles which are assigned to one or more common datum features (aleo ter med ‘repetetive features). 7 2.26 ‘Theoretically exact dimension theoretically exact dimension is a ~ dimension used to ind- cate the geometrical ‘ideal (thaorarically exact) orientation or form of a dimensioned feature, 2.25 A on intermediate Pre-work dimension ‘work dimension is a» dimension which defines an during the processing of a feature (ea, the + dimension prior to grinding or coating). 2.26 Other concepts. For detintions of ‘actual size’, nominal size’, ‘olerance’ and it, ene ISO 286 Part 1 For defintions of fatum,, ‘datum feature! and ‘datum sys tem, see ISO 5459 and Tor the definition of origins, see ISO/DIS 10 209 Part 2 For definitions relating to drawings, s DIN 199 Part 1, and for those associated with components, assombly units, etc, DIN 189 Part 2. 3 General principles 4.1. Dimensioning elements The elements used in dimensioning are: , dimension ines; projection tines; terminations: ‘dimensional values: dimensional values with symbol for tolarance class; dimensional values with limits of size; units of measurement; Une widths shall be leader ines, ‘specitiod in DIN 15 Parts 1 and 2. 3.2 Symbols 324 Arrowhead ‘The arrowhead is a termination in the form of an isosceles triangle with an included angle of 19*and length of ten times tha width of the dimension ling, or with an included angle of 90° and a length of tour times the width of the dimension ine —— —_— — Arrowheads are placed at the ends of the dimension or leader ines with their tins ending on the associated projec tion tine or autling, 322 Oblique stroke ‘The ablique stroke isa termination running from bottom lett 10 top right at an angle of 45° to the lay ofthe drawing, with ‘length of 12 thnes the width of the dimension line, The centre of the oblique stroke passes through the intorsectlon Of dimension Kno, projection tine oF t ture outing |), fai 1) The specifications 2.14" and 215" in this drawing and the: following drawings aro references to the corranponding subelauses in clause 2323 Dot Tha dat is a dimension line termination which has a diame- ter 5 times the width of the wider of the lines fo which it is assigned. The centte of the dot shall be placed on the inter- section of dimension line and projection line or feature out- line. 14 324 Chole 3.2.41 Tho dot used as 2 dimension line termination may ‘also be drawn as a circle. th | 215, 3.242 Tho circle used to indicate the origin sa dimension lina termination which is 8 times the wicth of the wider of the two intersecting fines. The centre of the citcle shail be: placed on the intersection of dimension tine and the line of the datum feature 2.1% 32.43 A circle from the bottom of which a tangent Is ‘drawn horizontally, ending In an arrowhead, is @ graphical symbol that is used instead of the writen inaication ‘inital length’ and Is always placed bafora the dimensional value of ‘the inital Jongth, This circle has a diameter equal to ten times tho ling width of the lettering. The length of the tine ‘with the arrowhead is equal to 15 times the diameter of the circle (arrowhead: leg angle of 15°, length ten times the line width of tne lettering). 32.44 The circle used to indicate the origin signifies, ‘when combined with a datum indication (ct. 60 5459), that the specified datum is the origin of a dimensional system. 425 Triangle 32.5.1 The right-angled triangle is a graphical symbol Which Is used instead of the written Indication ‘slope’, The ‘orientation of he tnangle is determined by the shage of the part at the point where it slopas (cf, figure 88 in DIN 406 Part ft, December 1992 edition) ‘The triangle is alweys placed before the dimensional vaive fof the slope and has a leg ratio of 1:2 (length: 16 times ine width of fettering) DIN406 Part 10. Page 3 3.25.2 For the graphical symbol used to indicate the fea- tures ‘cone’ and ‘Yaper’ (height of triangle: 16 times tine width of lettering: ratio of base to height: 1:2) (see figure 2 in ISO 3040), 9.25.3 See figure 17 in ISO 7083 tor graphical symbols sed to indicate datums, 326 Framee 3.28.4 A frame consisting of two parallel lines set a dis- tance twice the height of the lettering apart and connected at eactr end by semicircles is used to identity check dimen: sions. The frame may, where necessary, be civided into fields by vertical lines. ceeaeeee) 3.2.6.2 See figure 19 in ISO 7083 for the frame to be used for theareticaly exact dimensions, 3.26.3 See figures 22 and 23 n ISO 7083 for the frame 10 be used for geometrical tolerances. 32.7 Undertining ‘AN underfining 1s a straight thin continuous line drawn beneath the dimensional value. Unterining io used to ic tify dimensionai values which differ in scale from the scale appiying ta the other dimensions in a drawing. This symbol ts not to be used in computer assisted drawings. 3.28 Round brackets) Round brackets are used to indicate auxiliary dimensions or supplementary indications, e.g. supplementary ingications near the tite block, 22.8 Square brackets 2) ‘Square brackets are used to indicate raw and pro-work imensions in drawings of assembly parts. They are also used for dimensions on parts which must be preserved as finished dimensions for the next highest stage of manufac- ture (0.9. finished bush in welded assembly), [1] 3.210 Curly brackets Curly brackets are used to enclose groups of related indica- 0 3211 Square 2) [A square Is @ graphical symbol which Is us the dimensional valua of the side length feature concernad is a square of that size. Oo together with ate that the 1) The specifications 218” and "216' In this drawing and the following drawings are reterences to the correspencing subclauses in clause 2, 28) See DIN 6776 Part 1 for sizePage 4 DIN 408 Part 10 8.2.12. Circle with oblique stroke 2) A circle with an oblique stroke is a graphical symbol used to indicate a diameter. 3.2.13 Letter R2) ‘The dimensional values of cadi are identified by a capital R boing placed in frant of them, R 8.214 Letter 82) ‘The dimensional valuos of spherical features are additionally identified by a capital 5 being placed in front of the diame- ter symbol or of the capital R. SR S¢ 3.2.18 Letters Sw2) ‘The dimensional values of widthe across flats aro identified by the capitals letters SW being placed in front of them, SW 3.2.16 Sembclrcle/curve symbol ‘The dimensional values of curve lengths are identifiad by a somi-circla (diameter: 14 times lIne width of lattaring) pre- coding the dimensional value. mm Whare the drawing is prepared manually, a modified curve symbol may be placed above the dimensional value of the curve length, 3.2.17 Symmetry symbol ‘A symmetry symbol consists of two parallel thin continuous linea which are placed at right angles to, and axially on, the fends of a line of symmetry, their minimum length being 8mm + 8.218 Other symbols Other symbols (eq. those specified in DIN+302 or DIN 6473) may also be used. Such symbols shall be axe- cuted in accordance with the standardized rules of lattering ‘and drawing. 9.3 Dimensioning systems The objects represented may be dimensioned and toler- anced with reference to their function, their production, oF to the criteria of inspection. In a given drawing, more than one such system of dimen- sioning may be used concurrently 8.8.1. Dimensioning for function Dimensioning for function is characterized by the selection indication and tolerancing of dimensions being undertaken oxclusively on the basis of design criteria aimed at ensuring that the parts of a product will combine smoothly so 96 10 permit the product to fultl its intended function, The manufacturing and inspection conditions are not taken into account, 3.32. Dimensioning for production Dimensioning for production is characterized by the dimen: sions directly requirad for production purposes being calcu lated from the functional dimensions, indicated the draw: ing and toleranced as a function of the functional dimen: ‘ions 80 as to meet manufacturing requirements, Dimensicning for production fs a tunction of the particular ‘production mothod. 18.8 Dimensioning for Inspaction Dimensioning for inspection is characterized by the dimen: sions and dimensional tolerances being indicated In the drawing to suit tho requirements of the intended inspection. Dimensioning for inspection purposes is a function of the particular inspaction procedure, 3.4 Orientation of drawing and lettering 3A1 The orientation of the drawing shall correspond to the reading direction of the ttle block. 34.2 All dimensions, graphical symbols and written spect fications shall proforably be so indicated that they can be read in the viewing direction of the drawing from below and from the right (main reading direction). 3.5 Application 3.5.1 Drawings shall generally contain dimensions which refer to the object as itis cepresented, 3.52 All dimensional specifications which are necessary for a clear and complete descriotion of an object shall be indicated In the drawing ‘The drawing may refer to the raw state, an Intermediate state of to the finighed state of an object and may also include an information on surface treatment. Features of an object shall only be dimensioned once in a ‘drawing or set of drawings. Dimensions which are specified in associated documents (0g. standards, supplementary ‘drawings), shall not be repraated: they may. where approori ate, be indicated as auxiliary dimensions 353 Dimensions shall be indicated in that part of the representation in which the feature concerned is most clearly recognizable. ‘Asa rule, lingar dimensions are indicated without unit sym- bois, The unit symbol which is exclusively or predominantly Used shall be specified in the tite block), Other unit symn- bois shall bo specified inthe ttle block in parantheses; they shall also be indicated folowing the dimensional values con- corned, 2.5.4 In the case of dimensional valvas indicated in dect- ‘mai notation, a comma shall be used as the decimal marker), 3.85 Soe DIN 406 Part 12 for the indication of tolerances. 38.6 Dimansion tines shall normally be drawn without a break from termination to termination When all dimensions are indioated in tha same direction of reading, non-horizontal dimension lines may be interrupted to insert the dimensional values. If the arrowhead termination is placed outside the limits of the dimension line, the dimension tine shall be extendad so as 10 project to the required length beyond the arrowhead, 2) See IN G76 Part 1 for size 9) See DIN 671 Part 4) See OIN V 820 Part 2DIN406 Part10 Page 5 In any given drawing, only one of tha following combinations Dimension lines of radi shall be aligned on the centre of the ‘of terminations is permitted: radius. 15" arrownead, doticircle, common ongin circles, or — 90° arrowhead, oblique stake, origin (only for particular —&5.7_Dimension lines and non-related projection lines fields of engineering, eg. In construction drawing practice). shall not cross. Standards referred to DIN 15 Part! Technical drawings; ines; basic principles DIN 15 Pan2 Technical drawings: ines; general application DIN 199 Part 1 Terminology associated with drawings and Item lists; drawings DIN 199 Part 2 Terminology associated with drawings and iter ists; item ists IN 406 Part 12 Engineering drawing practice; cimensioning; tolerancing of linear and angular dimensions DIN V 820 Part 2 Standards work: presentation of standards DIN 1902 General mathematical symbols and concopts DIN 5473 ‘Symbols and concepts in sot thoory; sats, relations and functions DIN 6771 Part 1 Title blocks for drawings, plans and lists, DIN 6776 Part} Tachnical drawings; lettering: character SO 286-1: 1988 ISO system of limits and fits: bases of tolerances, deviations and fits 180.3040: 1990 Technical drawings; dimensioning and tolorancing; conas 180 5480: 1981 Technical drawings; geometrical tolerances; datums and datumsystems for geometrical tolerancing 180 7063: 1983 Technical drawings; symbols for geometrical tolerancing; proportions and dimensions 1SO/D81 10209-2 Technical preduct documentation; concepts; concepts for projeation methods Other relevant standards ON 30 Drawings; simplified representations DIN 406 Part4 Engineering drawing practice; dimensioning: dimensioning for machine programming DIN 4895 Part 1 Orthogonal coordinate eystoms; gonaral concepts DIN6771 Pert —Preprinted forms for technical documentation; drawings DIN 6774 Part 1 Technical drawings; rules of execution: drawings suitable for reproduction DIN 6774 Part 10. Technical drawings; rules of execution: computer-assisted drawings 1s0 1101 =1983 Technical drawings; geometrical tolerancing: tolerancing of form, orientation, location and run-out; generalites, defintions, symbols, indications on drawings 180 1902: 1978 Technical drawings; method of Indicating surface texture on drawings 180 5488: 1979 Technical drawings; scales ISO/DIS 1195-1 Technical drawings; indications for moulded parts; preforms Previous editions DIN 406 Part 1 to Part $: 1222; DIN 406 Part 4: 1222, 0597; DIN 406 Part 5: 11.24, 10.41; DIN 406 Part 6: 12.24, 01.26, 10.41; DIN 406: 09.49, 08:88; DIN 406 Part: 07.75; DIN 408 Part 2: 0668, 0480, OBBI; DINV.406 Part 1: 10.70; DIN 406 Part 1: 04.77 ‘Amendments: The following amencments have been made to DIN 406 Part 1, April 1977 edition and DIN 406 Part 2, August 1881 eattion: 18) the organization of the content of the standard has bean revised; b) concepts, features and systems of dimensioning have been specttied: ‘s) the definition of ‘auxiiary dimension’ has been revised (cf. Explanatory notes). Explanatory notes On the publication of 180 120 :1988, Technical drawings: dimensioning; ganeral principles. definitions, methods of execution and special indications’, tha ragponsible committee of the Normenausschue Zeichnungswesen (Drawing Practice Standards Committee) had to decide, on the basis ofa draft translation, in what form the rules specified In that standard were to be incor: porated in German standards ‘Owing to the large number of text passages and fgures needing supplementary ehicidation (clarification or qualification) it was decided to revise DIN 406 Parts 1 to 3 on the basis of 150 129 in such a way that the ravisad vorsions may servo as proposals for the next revision of ISO 129, In tis respect. attention was also to be given to data (graphical and non-grephical) transfer in numerically controlled systems (CA),Page 6 DIN 406 Part 10 (On the assumption that the standards of the DIN 406 series should give specifications of general validity. Le. there should be na distinction made in the standards between manual and machine drawing, the whole subject ofthe ‘indication of dimensions and tolerances in engineering drawings’ will in future be organized as follows: DIN 406 Part 10 Engineering drowing practice: dimensioning; concepts and general principles DIN 406 Part 11 Engineering drawing practice; dimensioning; principles of application DIN 406 Part 12 Engineering drawing practice: dimensioning; indication of tolerances for linear and angular dimensions Greater clarity has been reached with respect to ‘euaiiary dimensions’ by omitting the term ‘auxiliary dimensions for construct tion/preduction’ previously included in the Aptil 1977 edition of the standard. Auxiliary dimensions are, irrespective of their pur- pose in the drawing, of no significance for the geometrical shape of a part or configuration and are accordingly not toleranced. They serve only to provide (supplementary) information and do not apply to the manufacture or inspection of tha parts. English-German index of terms defined in this standard Auxiliary dimension Hiltsmas, Infomationsmas Centee tine Mittelinie Chain dimensioning Kettenbemasung Check dimension Prutmas Datum Bezugsmas Dimension Mas Dimension tne MaBlinie Dimensioning by coordinates Koordinatenbemagung Dimensioning by tables Ma8eintragung mit Hilfe von Tabelien Dimensioning from a common feature Bezugsbemasung Finished dimension Fertigmas Functional dimension Funktionsmaa Initia length gestreckte Lange Leader tine Hinweistinie Line of symmetry Symmetrioinie Parallel cimensioning ParallelbemaSung Pre-work cimension Vorarbeitungsmab Projection ine Mashilfstinio Raw dimension Rohmaé. Repetition Tellung Single dimenstoning EinzelbemaBung ‘Superimposed running dimensions Termination ‘Theoretical exact dimansion International Patent Classification oop steigende BemaBung Ma6iinionbegrenzung theoretisch genaues MaB