Linguistic Alchemy

1
JohnOverdurf.com
An
An Introduction
Introduction to
to
Linguistic Alchemy
alchemy ¦ alkəmē¦
nounFrom
the medieval forerunner of chemistry, based on the totransformation of matter.
figurative:: a process by which paradoxical results are achieved • incompatible elements
combined with no obvious rational explanation to create an inexplicable result..•
•a process of transforming something common into something special•
2
What is everything about any limitation,...
that you don't know...
that will change it?

All You Are Is Change is All You Are Is Changing All You Are Is Change All You Are is Changing
3
All You Are is Change is All You Are Is Change is All You Are Is Changing All You Are Is Change
All You Are is Changing All You Are is Change is Changing All You Are is Change is Changing
All You Are is Change is All You Are isChanging All You Are is Change is All You Are is
Changing All You Are is Change is All You Are is Changing All You Are Is Change is All You
Are Is Changing All You Are Is Change All You Are is Changing All You Are is Change is All You
Are Is Change is All You Are Is Changing All You Are Is Change All You Are is Changing All
You Are is Change is Changing All You Are is Change is Changing All You Are is Change is All
You Are is Changing All You Are is Change is All You Are is Changing All You Are is Change
is All You Are is Changing All You Are Is Change is All You Are Is Changing All You Are Is
All You Are Is Change
Change All You Are is Changing All You Are is Change is All You Are Is Change is All You Are
Is Changing All You Are Is Change All You Are is Changing All You Are is Change is Changing
All You Are is Change is Changing All You Are is Change is All You Are is Changing All You
Are is Change is All You Are is Changing All You Are is Change is All You Are is Changing
You Are is Change is Changing De-nominalize yourself!
All You Are is Change is Changing All You Are is Change is All
All You Are Is CHANGING!
4
Perceptual Fill
Perceptual fill is a commonly studied phenomena. Here is an example of where space

effects how we fill called "lateral interaction." In this case the contrasting surround
effects the color of the X's. The color of each of the X's is the same.
Below is an example of how time creates perceptual fill through "adaptation"

or "habituation." Again our brain uses the surrounding context determine
how it will fill. Fix your gaze on the back dot. As you continue to do this
you will notice the grey cloud around the dot will begin to fade and be
filled in by more of the white spot.
Perceptual Fill © Copyright 2009, John Overdurf

All You Are Is Change is All You Are Is Changing All You Are Is Change All You Are is Changing 5
Linguistic
All You Are is Change is All Creators
You Are Is Change is AllofYou
theAreIllusion
Is Changing All You Are Is Change
Are Is Change is All You Are IsIf Changing
All We Are All YouIs Changing...
Are Is Change All You Are is Changing All
How
is All You Are is Changing do Are
All You weIs"think"
Changethat is All we
You are Are Isnot?
Changing All You Are Is
EX CLUSION
All You Are is Change is All You Are isChanging All You NOMINALIZATION
Are is Change is All You Are is
Changing All You Are is Change is All You Are isFreezing Changing All You Are Is Change is All You
Processes into "Things"
be
lie
OR fs
ab
stra
Is Changing All You Are Is Change All You Are is Changing esAll You Are is Change is Changing
ctio
thin
l u
All You Are is Change is Changing All You Are is Change va is All You Are is Changing All You
ns
gs
All You Are Is Change is All You Are Is Changing All You Are s Is Change All You co Are is Changing
n
All You•Aristotlean
Are Is Change isLogic
All You Are Is Changing All You i n iAre Is Change All YounAre
o ce is Changing
p pt
All You Are is Change is All You Are Is Change is All oYou Are Is Changing All You Are s Is Change
Every limiting construction grows from these two!
Are is Change is All You Are is Changing
Linguistic Creators ofAll
theYou Are
Illusion WeisAreChange
Not Changingis All You Are
© Copyright is Changing
2009, John Overdurf
6
How Do You Transform the Illusion?
Including and Expanding

No Matter What You Think You Are, You Are Always More Than That!
Inclusion
Expand Frame
On-going processing
Denominalize
De-nominalizing into on-going processing

All You Are Is Changing
How Do You Transform the Illusion?© Copyright 2009, John Overdurf
7
Piaget's Model of Learning Applied to Neuro-Linguistics
Assimilation Accommodation
(Deductive Processing) (Inductive Processing)
New New New

New Information
Information Information Information
Nominalization/
Abstraction:
Conflict Old
Belief New
Nominalization
Value Nominalization/Abstraction
State and/or
etc. New Complex Equivalence
With assimilation, new information

is incorporated into an existing
nominalization, like a belief.
It becomes a sub-set within a

category.
Neurologically, the circuit maintains With accommodation, new information

its boundary conditions. transforms the nominalization into
something else.
The old nominalization dissolves or

becomes a subset of something bigger.
Neurologically, the circuit loses it's

boundary and recruits other circuits
which expands the category.
Piaget's Model of Learning Applied to Neuro-Linguistics © Copyright 2012, John Overdurf
8
What is "Really" the Reality the Observer Creates?
In Quantum Mechanics, the observer has two roles:
1. The Heisenberg Choice - What question the observer poses to

"Nature."
2. The Dirac Choice - What measurement is made when

"Nature" answers back, and how the observer experiences
the output of the measurement.
The questions we ask.

Where we put our attention.
REALITY
What we get back.
How we measure it.
How we experience the result.
What is "Really" the Reality the Observer Creates? © Copyright, 2008, John Overdur
9
Ellen Langer's Mindfulness Model Adapted
Ellen Langer is one of the foremost social psychology researchers,

most famous for her "Counter-clockwise" study.
Her definition of mindfulness is less esoteric than some of the Buddhist

descriptions, but the results are similar.
Increasing mindfulness
Just noticing what is

new and different
More secure In "now"

with changing
Appreciating
Uncertainty
&
Creating
Possibility
We become We notice more of what

more energized. will help us.
Easier & more effective

decision-making
When you are noticing what is new and different you will be:
1. Being in now. Each moment can be a starting point. No "mistakes."
2. Recognizing all we are is changing, and everything is changing.
3. Re-wiring the brain to what is most adaptive for our current situation.
4. Creating a priming effect to more easily find what is new and different.
Ellen Langer's Mindfulness Model Adapted © Copyright 2011, John Ovedurf
10
The Quantum Zeno Effect:
aka "A Watched Pot Never Boils!
This quantum phenomena was first demonstrated by George Sudarshan at U. of Texas

in 1977. It has been verified many times since.
Any system observed in a sufficiently rapid and repetitive fashion will reduce the
rate that the system changes occur.
In 2005, Stapp and Schwartz applied the Quantum Zeno Effect to mental experience.
Attention and Focus stabilizes brain circuitry

Paying attention to any specific neural connection keeps the associated circuitry open
and dynamic alive.
Self directed neuro-plasticity of the brain - rapid, repeated observations not only stabilize
transient chemical links but eventually can alter physical changes in the brain's structure.
We get what we focus on...
Unconsciously
Unconsciously
The Quantum Zeno Effect:aka "A Watched Pot Never Boils! © Copyright 2007, John Overdurf
Attention Shifting Coaching Model: Mind, Brain and Hemispheres11
Your mind is using your brain to create itself!
MIND
(Non-Physical)
"Objects/Events Awareness
of the brain" Consciousness
Biochemistry Intention
Physiology Attention
Brain
Dominant Hemisphere (an organ of the body) Sub-Dominant Hemisphere
Labeling Sensing
Serial Processing Parallel Processing
Secondary Experience Primary Experience
Past & Future Now
Distinctions/Separateness Patterns & Wholeness
Creates Relationships between Experiences All As One

What is Me and Not Me
Attention Shifting Coaching: MInd, Brain and Hemispheres © Copyright, 2010, 2011, John Overdurf
12
Is Memory More Like...
a Blender Running
a Filing Cabinet With the Lid off?
OR
Some Considerations worth Remembering
"Memory is an active, synthetic process."

Karl Pribram
Signals from different sensory sources are registered in separate brain areas.
So, whether we are examining Sub-Modalities, Base Elements, Linguistic Structures

all of this elements are stored in different places in the brain, but you experience
a "memory " as something that is a gestalt.
Eg. Vison:
Horizontal lines
vertical lines
color
motion
Eg. Reading
Three levels of encoding involved in reading
1. Semantic encoding - paying attention to comparative meaning of words

2. Phonemic - comparisons of sound of words
3. Structural - shapes of the words
"Your dog chased the cat."

Y_ _r d_g ch_s_d th_c_t.
"Content" is stored in different areas of the brain than the "container."

Is Memory More Like a Filing Cabinet or a Blender...? © Copyright, 2011, John Overdurf
Re-Consolidation 13
Re-consolidation is a well researched and important phase memory of how we maintain

stability, persistence relevance in memory.
From an evolutionary point of view it is our nervous system's attempt to "up-date"

memories, particularly those with strong emotion, so they remain meaningful and relevant
to the current context, serving an adaptive functioning.
This means that when a memory is retrieved (revivified) it becomes "plastic," making it
susceptible to alterations created by the current context.
Current
New
Plastic
Rep
Rep
Current, Conscious Awareness

What you are paying attention to now.
Retrieval
Re-Consolidation
language, digital disctinctions Sensory Experience
Dominant Sub-Dominant
Hemispheric Hemispheric
Functioning* Functioning*
New
Everything else that's Rep
Everything else that's primary
related to formalims
experience, patterns and wholeness
and language you're not Old you're not paying attention to
paying attention to
Rep in the forever now.
Long Term Memory
Serial processing
Secondary experience Parallel processing
Unconscious Awareness Primary experience
Past and future
Everything else you are not Sense
Distinctions/separateness
paying attention to consciously Present/Now
Creates relationships
between me and not me Patterns/wholeness
Experience all as one
Re-Consolidation © Copyright 2010, John Overdurf
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Bringing the Coaching into Now
The only "time and place" where change can occur is now.
Past- Future-
Oriented Oriented
Construction construction
It's all happening...
NOW
Current Sensory and/or Cognitive Awareness
So-called limits of attention

+
7 2
-
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
CHANGE
Each time you bring the client and the coaching relationship into now you:
1. slow the process of change, ala the quantum zeno effect
2. bring the processing of changing into conscious experience
3. create space for attention to go to places it normally can't perceive
4. increase the likelihood of developing classic hypnotic phenomena

Bringing the Coaching in Now © Copyright 2010 ,2011 John Overdurf
15
ATTENTION-SHIFTING COACHING
&
DIRECTIONALIZED AMBIGUITY
The Basic Principles of Attention-Shifting Coaching 16
1. BASIC BELIEFS:
All You Are is Change and All You are is Changing
Change only occurs in now.
2. HOW TO TRANSFORM CLIENT'S MAP'S
a. De-nominalize- Turn attention into on-going processing
b. Include more - What is not being included?- Take attention there.
3. IMPORTANT CONCEPTS ABOUT ATTENTION & NEURO-PLASTICTY
a, Quantum Zeno Effect - Attention stabilizes and grows circuitry.
b. Re-consolidation - Every time a "memory" is brought into consciousness

it becomes plastic and malleable. The context changes the "memory"
that will go into long term storage.
4. META PATTERN OF ALL NLP PATTERNS
Assoc. PS > Dissoc. PS > Assoc. Resources > Assoc. Resources

to PS
5, ATTENTION-SHIFTING FORMULA
Source + Type + Target = Result

of of of
Attention Attention Attention
Change one or more of the above variables and a different result will occur.
6. UNIVERSAL EQUATION
Time + Space + Matter + Energy = Manifestation/Result
Change one or more of the above variables and a different result will occur.
Basic Principles of Attention-Shifting Coaching © Copyright 2010, 2012John Overdurf
Applying the Universal Formula to Attention Shifting Coaching Model 17
Below is the universal formula for creation. Every form exists as a result of these four coordinates.
Changing one or more of these elements will result in a different manifestation.
Time + Space
+ Matter
+ Energy
= Manifestation
WHEN? WHERE? WHAT? HOW?
Below is the basic model for how to "ASC" questions to shift one's experience. Changing one or more
of the first three elements will change the result and when combining all of the possible time, space, matter,
energy coordinates the combinations are virtually infinite. Working on this level will usually create fairly
significant formal trances because the work is being done at the level of attention.
Source/Perspective Attention Object of Reference Expression

Where does the Attention What is the type Where is the attention What happens?
come from? or quality of attention? going? What is the result?
Matter Matter Matter Matter
Time Space Time Space Time Space Time Space
Energy Energy Energy Energy
Applying the Universal Formula to Attention Shifting Coaching Model © Copyright 2008, 2010 John Ovedurf
The Basic Principles of Attention-Shifting Coaching in Action 18
Bring processing into NOW

so all you and your client are is changing...
in this way
Each question you ask could transform the entire issue,
but each iteration is opportunity
to further transform each previous iteration
into something else
that' s different...
because
Every solution can be as permanent as the problem once was.
4. Associate Present State

to Problem State
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
Now
CHANGE
1. Associate 2. Redirect Attention 3. Associate to
Problem State Dissociate from Resource State
Problem State
What are you experiencing NOW?
Activate increased
What are you noticing, NOW?
Sub-Dominant
What are you seeing, NOW?
Hemispheric
What are you hearing, NOW?
Functioning
1st interation
What are you feeling, NOW?
What are you thinking, NOW?
What's happening, NOW?
2nd interation
3rd interation
Present New New

State construction
construction Big Shift! Attention-Shift
Re-consolidation
Re-consolidation
Re-consolidation
What are you noticing

Now?
The Basic Principles of Attention-Shifting Coaching in Action © Copyright 2010,2011 John Overdurf
19
The Use of "Not"
To "not" or not to "not"...that is the question.
The reason why "nots" can have the effect that they do is because they exist only in
language as a form of abstraction and are not sensory based. "Not" is a basic symbol in
Predicate Calculus/Logic.
Two negatives do not cancel out and make a positive in experience - only in first order logic!
This is a flaw of Aristotelean logic, based on the principle of "this or that" - exclusive "or."
Non Aristotelean is based on principle of "this and not this" which creates more three
dimensional inclusion.
Not safe
Safe
Unsafe
Not, not safe

Not, unsafe
The double not is a profound way to effect a presupposition of existence.

Is best used with client's auditory digital functioning or of course mismatching
Notice how your model is effected by the following:
Not known
Known
Unknown
Not, not known
Not unknown
But aside from that what's not unknown that you're not thinking about now?
and Beyond that... what's not unknown that you weren't thinking about until now?
The Use of "Not...© Copyright 2006,2008, 2012 John Overdurf

No Matter What You Think You Are, You Are Always More Than That...
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Exercise
This is a basic construction using the double "not" pattern to shift identity.
Remember, the double not is not just about creating "confusion," it also
transforms a dichotomy into a continuum.
Now consider what happens when you include spatial prepositions, temporal
predicates and quantifiers.
Play with the power of using pause.
1. Who are you?
2. How do you know?
3. Inductive interrogatives: to De-construct "I".
Identity Who wouldn't you be......if you weren't you?
Matter What wouldn't you be .....if you weren't you?

(What wouldn't it be like to be..... not you?)
Energy How wouldn't you be.....if you weren't you
Space
Time When wouldn't you be...... if you weren't now?
4. Who are you...now?
5. How do you know... now?

No Matter What You Think You Are, You Are Always More Than That... Exercise © Copyright 2009, John Overdurf
Loosening Reality Strategies 21
The reality strategy is like the legs of a table or the moorings on a ship: they create form
and maintain stability. It is the "proof" or "evidence" our mind uses to create and maintain
a form.
Most of the time, the formation of a reality strategy is unconscious, often a function of more
or less associations from contiguity of time and space.
Therefore, they may go un-evaluated, may generalize and become foundational elements
to forms we perceive as being real whether it is a construction we call "a problem,"
"a resource," "an Identity," "relationship," etc.
What
<VAKOG>Ad Where
Boundary When it is not?
How
Why
<VAKOG>Ad
<VAKOG>Ad
What
Form
Where and/or
When it is? Nominalization
How
Why
<VAKOG>Ad
At this point you are using the same Aristotelian constructions that created it to transform it.
The idea is to find out what is the boundary between a particular form and what it is not.
When you know what the boundaries and what is stabilizing
them you can then use ASC to loosen them.
To loosen a model, start with the nominalization then ask, "How do you know?"
The basic idea at this point is to de-nominalize as many elements as possible

until you reach a leverage point.
Ultimately the idea is to back up the process into you are in direct experience
or speechlessness/Void. . At this point true choice is available to change
the "original" nominalized form.
Loosening Reality Strategies © Copyright 2009 John Overdurf
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De-nominalizing and Including Exercise
One way to think about the purpose of Attention-Shifting Coaching is that

we are introducing "novelty" to a set of perceptions a client has that associated
with a "problem."
This is just one example of a line of questioning to help shift attention to open
up neural networks through de-nominalizing the issue and expanding
attention to include more.
1. What are you focusing on that makes it seem the issue/problem is

not changing?
(What are you focusing on that makes it seem the issue is not changing
in the way you want?)
2. What is changing about the issue you were having...

in the way you want...
that you hadn't been paying attention to?
(What's happening, now?)
3. What have you not been paying attention to, that is not the problem...
that is changing the way you want?
4. As you are considering (response to #3) how are you feeling now?
.....and what are you noticing now?
(If response anything other than positive state, ask,

What were you not been paying attention that is not that feeling that you
can now?)
5. As you are feeling (response from #4) and noticing what you are noticing.
what happens when you think about that problem now?
De-nominalizing and Including Exercise © Copyright 2012 John Overdurf
23
Attention-Splitting
A central induction structure in Erickson's work is Conscious-Unconscious

Dissociation. It was rare for him to not "educate" the client about the conscious
and unconscious minds, because it was an opportunity to induce trance while
seemingly providing the client with an explanation.
Often the "problem" would be associated with the "conscious mind" since it
was the more limited of the two minds. The unconscious mind was the
reservoir of resources.
The key feature, however, is not in the use of the terms/concepts of "conscious"
and "unconscious" but rather the use of dissociation - or the splitting of attention.
Attention-splitting will automatically create hypnotic phenomena - often with

no suggestion. It is really about observing what happens when you split attention,
or just asking: "What's happening, now?" Then utilize.
Below are a few examples to get you thinking. There are lots more.
Split-Attention
Conscious Unconscious
Awareness, attention Brain- implicit learning/memory
Fixation of Opening the Field

Current Attention What is everything else that
(unique quantifier "only") was not the current attention?
(universal quantifier)
Knowing Not knowing
Sensing: Not sensing:
<VAKOG> Rep. System <VAKOG> Rep System
Current Perceptual Postion Different Perceptual Position

(pronoun- current ID) (different pronoun - different ID
Spatial Preposition or Marker Opposite of Preposition or Marker

eg. "this, here, in, below, eg. "that, there, out, above,
left," etc. right," etc.
Temporal Language Different Temporal Context
eg. Now eg. Then
Attention-Splitting © Copyright 2011, John Overdurf
Attention Shifting Coaching Model: 24
Conversational Trance "Induction" Via Simple Attention Shifting 3.0

This is a way to facilitate formal trance development without the mention of formal terms like "conscious"
and "unconscious," or use of trance analogues. It employs the hypnotic principles of conscious-unconscious
dissociation and fractionation.
This approach uses presuppositions of awareness, negation and the deductive use of "NOW" to shift attention
Below are the basic questions where you can shift rep. systems. Rather than staying in the same rep. system
for each pair of questions, shift to a different one each time to increase the likelihood of trance development.
Conscious/Foreground Unconscious/Background
Voice tone/locus #1 Voice tone/locus # 2
What are you experiencing, now? What have you not been experiencing,
that you are now?
What are you seeing, now? What have you not been seeing, that you
can now?
What are you hearing, now? What have you not been hearing, that you
can now?
What are you feeling, now? What have you not been feeling, that you
are now?
What are you thinking, now? What have you not been thinking, that you
are now?
What are you considering, now? What have you not been considering, that
you can now?
Attention Shifting Coaching Model: Conversational Trance "Induction" By Simple Attention Shifting 3.0 © Copyright 2011John Overdurf
25
All You
WaveAre Synthesis
Is Change Alland You Are Is Change
Source All You Are and
of Attention Is Change All You Are
Perspective
Is Change All You Are Is Change All You Are Is Change All You Are Is Change
All You Are Is Change All You Are Is Change All You Are Is Change All You Are
Where do you put your attention?
From what
Is Change All You Are Is Change All source
You AreorIsperspective?
Change All You Are Is Change
How does that change your experience... of change?
There
Is Change AllisYou
an Are
infinite numberAll
Is Change of You
perspectives to anyAll
Are Is Change one experience!
You Are Is Change
Wave Synthesis and Source of Attention and Perspective ©!Copyright 2008, John Overdurf
26
Shifting Attention Using Spatial Prepositions
Effecting Location, Point of View and Distance
Beyond
About
Above
Up
Over
On top of
Away That Far
Through
apart among
In together
inside
Left Right
Aside Here This Beside
Toward
between Near
against
Across
opposite
long In back of
In front of
Behind
Below Ahead of
Down out
There outside
Under
Beneath
Shifting Attention Using Spatial Prepositions Effecting Location, Point of View and Distance © Copyright 2008, John Overdurf
27
Chaining Quantifiers to Shift Scope of Attention
in Directionalized Ambiguity
Now the same pattern but shifting reality coordinates more consistently. Note
that the end of the sequence stays with How (energy) questions.
Time
+ Space
+ Matter
+ Energy
= Manifestation
How are you feeling all of this, now?
When have you been feeling this... some of the time?
Where have you been feeling some of that... some of the time?
How were you feeling that...only... then?
When have you had none of that...some of the time?
How have you been having none of that...some of the time?
Where have you had nothing like that... ever?...only then?
How are you having none of that now?
Beyond all of that... how are you feeling, now?
How are you feeling just some of the this?... some of the time?
How is some of that becoming all of what you're feeling?...Now.....
How does it feel... to be feeling all of this... each moment?
How are you feeling all of this?... Now

Shifting Attention Using Spatial Prepositions, Quantification & Representational Systems28
Transition using Spatial Preposition Shift Awareness to New Rep System

Elicit Current Awareness
and Quantification ..what have you not been paying attention to
Spatial Preposition + Quantification that you can/are now?
What are you paying attention to, now?
all of that
...what have you not been noticing, that you
What are you noticing, now? most of that can/are now?
some of that
What is happening, now? only ...what has not been happening, that is now?
About Beyond
What are you experiencing, now? Above ...what have you not been experiencing,
Up that you are now?
What are you seeing, now?
Over
...what have you not been seeing, that you
What are you hearing, now? On top of can now?
What are you feeling, now? ...what have you not been hearing, that you
That
can now?
What are you thinking, now?
...what have you not been feeling, that you
What are you considering, now? Through are now?
...what have you not been thinking, that you

are now?
apart among ...what have you not been considering, that
In together you can now?
Left
inside
Away Right Far
Aside Here This Beside
between
Toward against Near
across In back of
opposite In front of
out
along with Behind outside
Ahead of
There Below Down Under Beneath
Shifting Attention Using Spatial Preposition, Quantification & Representational Systems © Copyright 2010, 2012 John Overdurf
Attention-Shifting Coaching and Directionalized Ambiguity 29
Either way is Better!
Client is able to fully process Client is unable to fully process

with Dominant Hemisphere with Dominant Hemisphere
Not Knowing,
New Resource State Confusion
"
What's it like ...?" "That's right, you are...
How is your body
feeling?"
Precise Process Instructions
Purposeful Attention-Shift in TSME to open the field.

Purposeful use of ambiguities in delivery.
Problem
Construction
Attention-Shifting Coaching and Directionalized Ambiguity © Copyright 2010, John Overdurf

30
Utilizing Confusion and Not Knowing to Create
Conscious-Unconscious Dissociation
New Feeling
on
Higher Logical Level
5. You're feeling (new meta feeling.)

What's it like?
4. What's happening, now?

Decreased or
Conscious confusion
Label-making 1. How are you feeling
Not knowing
Difficulty verbalizing about that?
"Conscious"
3.You're confused
Increased and
Dissociation your body is feeling
(client's words),
"Unconscious" 2. How is your body feeling, Now?
Increased sensing Kinsethetics

and re-organization Emotions
of experience Sensations
Utilizing Confusion and Not Know to Create Resource States © Copyright 2010, John Overdurf
Linguistic Alchemy: 31
Constructing Directionalized Ambiguity Patterns

Principles of Construction:
1. De-nominalize and being in process Time + Space + Matter + Energy = Manifestation
When Where What How
2. Inclusion of more to Open Field not not not not
Elements of Construction:
Analogically Marked-Out Words
Reality Outcome/
Present State
Strategy Resource State
Words
Words Words
Patterns and Processes:
Ask as a question
Ambiguity Spatial Predicates Temporal Shifts Negation Quantification
*Phonological Not Every, All
*Punctuational Not, not Most
*Syntactic tag questions Some, Few
*Scope Only, Just
None
Self-Referencing Reverse syntax
Ecology:
Only do in the presence of rapport
Use judiciously
Don't help client process the question.
Give adequate time for processing.
Ask: "What's happening, now?"
Linguistic Alchemy: Constructing Directionalized Ambiguity Patterns ©Copyright 2005, 2009 2012John Overdurf
32
MORE LINGUISTIC ALCHEMY

33
Ericksonian Hypnotherapy and Attention-Shifting Coaching
Even if you think you are not "doing hypnotherapy" all the phenomena are still present.
"Classic" Ericksonian Hypnosis Attention-Shifting Coaching
Fixation Of Attention Present State Elicitation

"Coaching in Now"
Breaking Client's Hold on Model Attention-Shifting between two or

of the World more aspects of experience
Conscious-Unconscious Dissociation Directionalized Ambiguity
Not knowing vs. body sensations
Unconscious Searches Opening the Field

"What is everything esle....?"
Utilization of Unconscious Processing Utilization of Base Elements

and Hypnotic Phenomena
What's happening now?
Sorting for hypnotic phenomena
or setting up observable unconscious
responses
Post Hypnotic Suggestion Future Pacing

Smallest Next Step
Ratification
"What's happening now?"
conscious recognition that change
has taken place.
Ericksonian Hypnotherapy and Attention-Shifting Coaching © Copyright 2011, John Overdurf

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Three Ways to Elicit the Presenting Issue © Copyright 2011, John Overdurf
All You Are Is ChangeThree 35
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II. Revivification of Internal Representation for future oriented issue.
"As you are ____________ what's happening?"
When you think about____________...."
What flashes through your mind?"
What is flashing through your mind?
What runs through your mind?"
What is running through your mind?"
And as____________, what happens next?
And as ____________, what's happening next?
And as ____________, what's happening now
(Tenses can make a difference here.)
These are just simple ways to get to the strategy and/or synesthesia when you
are working with a "future oriented" issue.
Remember if you aren't getting sensory-based language, ask, "How are you
(unspecified predicate in present progressive.)
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36
The real "magic" is not necessarily the intervention but how the "problem" is elicited.
You don't have to map across every single element, but the more you do, the more resilient the change.
Base Elements Alchemy of Base Elements
T+S+M+E = Manifestation T+S+M+E = Manifestation
Source + Quality + Target = Result Source + Quality + Target = Result
Reality Strategy for PS New Reality Strategy

How do you know________? How do you know________?
Any rep system overused or left out? Rep system inclusion/re-sequencing
Key sub-modalities? Opposite of PS and applied to PS
Fractals? Opposite of PS and applied to PS
Metaphor fragments Complete metaphor and apply to PS
Key nominalizations? De-nominalized and/or Re-nominalized
What is excluded from PS? What is now included and excluded?
Key quantification Quantification utilization or shift
Other hot words Opposite of PS and applied to PS
Hidden abilities Re-directed toward Outcome

Re-contextualized to change state
The real "magic" is not...©Copyright 2011, John Overdurf Applied to the PS
37
Discovering the Gold in Lead:
Finding the Hidden Abilities of the Problem
This is a method previously developed in Training Trances which can be adapted to a

more up-time coaching context. It is another way to create resources from problem itself.
This is a chunk down in logical levels of abstraction, but will easily translate into a
more abstract concept that can be directionalized to other logical types then applied
back to the original problem context. This can be done as a thought process done by
the coach to design a linguistic intervention or can be asked directly to the client.
In most cases when you find the hidden ability you automatically set up paradox and
therapeutic double-binds.
What does the client have to be good at

to do the problem?
Problem Outcome
State
When you have found the hidden ability you can do the same thing as you
would any other base elements of the problem such as:
Reframe the PS
Re-organize personal history
Re-direct toward outcome
Re-direct it back on the PS
Discovering the Gold in Lead: Finding the Hidden Abilities of the Problem © Copyright 2010, John Overdurf
38
Linguistic Alchemy
The "Oh, You Must Be Good at This" Game:
Utilizing the Hidden Abilities
This is a fun game that teaches us how to think differently about limitations. It
sets-up opportunities to transform all or part of an limitation into something else
which is more useful. You can use just one element or use number of them
to create a new result. The more elements you use, the more new neural
networks are activated which will make it more difficult to re-create the form of
the limitation.
Present State Construction
Chunk-down
Always calibrate to shift and be willing to ask "What's happening, now?
Hidden Abilities
New Context
"Oh, you must be good at........."
Re-contextualize:
Where have you used this (HA) and it worked really well for you?
Re-directionalize:
Outcome
How would this (HA) help you (achieve your outcome)?

The "Oh, You Must Be Good at This" Game ... © Copyright 2010, John Overdurf
39
Linguistic Alchemy:
Transforming Synesthesias
These are the basic features of the "synesthesia splitter".: )
1. Changing Representational System to "Externalize" the Problem
IR
-Use of Overlap C
of to this C
PC IR
to transform of
PC
In most cases, you are transitioning from a K to V or At, but the idea
is to move the problem from the one it is currently in to a different one
then re-integrate the result back into the original rep system.
2. Dissociation between Observer "Self" and self which had the problem
and the K of the problem
Time Space Matter Energy
now----then here---there You---her--that moving----still
Observer
Self Self
Image
3. Shifting of Base Elements
IR of
PC
SMD's and fractals and their opposites
eg. "dark" >>>>>>>>"light"
4. Direct Communication with Body while old self-image and problem is

dissociated
"How is your body feeling, now?"
"This is a question you can't answer consciously, only unconsciously,

through your body..."
This means paying very close attention to the non-verbals which

precede the verbal report and responding directly to those signals.
Linguistic Alchemy: Transforming Synesthesias © Copyright 2012, John Overdurf
40
Synesthesia Splitter Case Example:
"I don't know were to put it..."
PC: "Frustrated" with husband's X ESE: Free can move and choose
"unfair"
"complicated"
" making a mess of everything"
dark stuck (didn't get shape)
2. floating, moving
Observer Self Free to move all around square
Current
Awarness
Self
Image 3. spontaneous shift
1. ESE: Free can move and choose White Square
Re-contextualization of IR of PC
formerly frustration
chess game chessboard.
"not significant"
I"t has it's place"
chess is complicated game
which I don't know, but
everything important is moving
over the board."
Synesthesia Splitter Case Example:"I don't know were to put it..." © Copyright 2012, John Overdurf
Synesthesia Splitter Case Example: 41
Listening to Myself
PC: Tension..turmoil" ESE: "Want to look after myself"
"stress out eating sweets and drinking "listen to myself"
huge amounts of coke--shakes, sick" calm...excited...TOGETHER
Daughter very sick in ER night before
Husband very sick in hospital for 2 weeks now home
Dark mess - like a swarm"

(Numbers are not steps to the pattern just the sequence as it occurred in the session.)
2. Client reports self image went from small to BIG

Observer Self
Current
Awarness
Self
Image
3. What's happening now?
4. Direct Communication with
body Goes to Auditory
"I'm hearing this music..
IR
JO: How is your body feeling now? time when diving in Red Sea of
C: Deep sigh... (very powerful resource) PC
Dark mess
1. Coach: lighten up
JO: That's right (did "not knowing" pattern) like a swarm"
the swarm
JO: How do you know you'll be OK?
C; Deep sigh ... "light on wide horizon
it's just easy"
JO: that's right.. and your body knows, doesn't it?
C; I can listen to my body."
Synesthesia Splitter Case Example: Listening to Myself © Copyright 2012, John Overdurf
42
The Synesthesia Splitter
1. Elicit problem construction/synesthesia

- ID Kinesthetics ("shape" makes for easier overlap, but not necessary in every case.)
2. Shift to different rep system and dissociate

- usually it will be from K- V
3. As an Observer, see dissociated self image separate from dissociated IR for problem
and ask "What's happening, now?" Chunk down to get SMD's.
Observer Self you Bigger

now Use lots of space her/him
Current Movement
here out there
Awarness Second Level Dissociation Different angles
Self
Below is just one variation. There are many others, once you have done the first three steps
Image First Level it, that
Dissociation
4. Elicit ESE and/or anchor other resources out there
"How would you be if that were no longer an issue in your life?
What do you have with all of what you have now, s/he doesn't, that if s/he had it would make it IR
of
no longer an ssue in his/her life? PC
still
As you're feeling all of ESE...notice..."What's happening,now? ..How is your body feeling now? small
5. Other AttentionShifts - SMD's so they are the opposite of the problem
6 Integration of New selfImage and/or re-contextualize IR of PC

"Go ahead and step into (self image)" or "Pull (self image) into you" and notice "what's happening, now?"
and/or Where would IR of PC be harmonious, aesthetically pleasing in the world outside you - where you'll feel
good when you see it? "What's happening,now? ..How is your body feeling now?
The Synesthesia Splitter © Copyright 2012, John Overdurf
43
ADDENDUM:
44
The Neurological Basis of State Control:
Overcoming the Negativity Bias
Inherent in the vertical organization of the brain as well as the development of
the vagus nerve is a "Negativity Bias." This is very well documented and well
agreed upon by researchers.
Negativity Bias is the brain's tendency to remember "negative experiences"

more easily. From an evolutionary point of view, for the species to further itself,
we needed to pay more attention to threats than approaching opportunities and
having positive experiences.
In other words, if we didn't find the berries we were looking for one day, we might
be hungry, but we live to search another day. If we didn't pay attention to possible
threats, whether we get berries becomes a moot point!
The challenge is, in today's world, our brain can still respond to a nasty look,
or bad tonality as if it's a threat to our survival, so a little training is in order!
However, because we sculpt our brains, through our attention and experience
there are ways to create circuits that are as muscular as the fear/worry
circuitry.
Conscious Attention-Shifting
using executive functions to
modulate amygdala activity.
Pre-frontal Cortex (not reacting to initial reaction)
executive functions "It's just my symptoms"
purpose-intent
Amygdala Avoid Avoidance!

emotion amplifier Appropriate behavioral
exposure
Brainstem Visual: Peripheral Vision

vital functions Auditory: Rhythm
movement Kinesthetic: Breathing techniques
Major shift in physiology
The Neurological Basis of State Control:Overcoming the Negativity Bias © Copyright 2011, John Ovedurf
45
Brain-Based Leverage Points to Transform Fight and Flight States
Most of the elements below are designed to transform fear and other sympathetic
states - which are usually at least a part of most presenting issues.
The idea here is to use levers that effect the lower centers of the brain to short-
circuit the biochemistry of fear.
There are a number of other maneuvers, but these are some of the easiest ones
to use with a little bit of practice.
Jaw Drop
Stimulates vagus nerve to shift breathing
undoes freezing response
Relax Tongue
Stimulates satiation response - parasympathetic nervous
system
Also diminishes self talk
Deep Breathing 1:2 ratio

Stimulates brain stem
pushes out Co2 to increase oxygen intake for higher
cortical processing.
Peripheral Vision/Spacious Awareness

Stimulates both brain stem/prefrontal cortex
to dampen amygdala (amplifier of states)
Self Moving and Object of Attention Still Frame

Shifts impulse from Central to Basal Nucleus of Amygdala
which reverses of freezing response.
Brain-Based Leverage Points to Transform Fight and Flight States © Copyright 2011, 2012, John Overdurf
46
Present State - Outcome State Criteria
For HNLP Coaching
PRESENT STATE
Context Work within one, single, context!
TRIGGER and/or SYNESTHESIA STATE BEHAVIOR
•Typically the client will first give you the state and/or the behavior.
•Use this to identify one context.
•Use the context to revivify the PS Strategy to elicit the Trigger
and/or Synesthesia.
OUTCOME STATE
Context
POSITIVELY STATED
CONSTRUCTED ACCESS
PHYSIOLOGICAL SHIFT - more robust than PS!
STATE - AND EVENTUALLY BEHAVIORS
•If the client associates to an intense, positive state at any time

while the outcome is being elicited, anchor it!
•If the outcome state is not sufficiently intense, continue eliciting

resource states until at least one is produced.
Present State - Outcome State Criteria © Copyright 2001, 2006, John Overdurf
HNLP Coaching: 47
Basic Conversational Change Model
Associate to Problem State Dissociate from Problem State... Associate to Resource State(s)
What do you want to work through? What's it like when you're _______?
When do you________?
That's the way you've been...
How do you want to be different?
Present State Outcome State

Synesthesia Resource State(s)
VAKOG END STATE ENERGY
That's the way you've been...
K- How would you be as a person
knowing that problem is no longer
an issue in your life?
Associate Resource State(s) to Problem State
As you're (resource) , see/hear (trigger)....

and notice what happens...
Condition the response

3 -5 times... Context Trigger/Synesthesia Resource State(s) Behavior
Time
HNLP Coaching: Basic Conversational Change Model © Copyright 2006, 2009 John Overdurf
48
“To Not or Not to Not”...that is the Question...
Would You Not Agree?
There are a number of uses for employing the mysterious power of not.” Some are
well-known and some are less known. Generally, they all work in the process of making
suggestions, to create a “yes” set or to facilitate agreement to follow through with a
proposal.
In the case of Attention-Shifting Coaching, there is another powerful use with many
variations, which you may have not considered.
1. Do not think of a purple tree. Youʼve all heard that one, have you not? The oleʼ
“the unconscious canʼt not think about what it doesnʼt want to think without thinking
about it first.” This is based on Gregory Batesonʼs work in Steps to Ecology of the Mind
on primary process as it is observed in nature with animals.
Linguistically though, what really drives this effect is not the “not,” but presuppositions
of awareness. Generally speaking, although it is effected a lot by how you deliver this
construction, a presupposition of awareness directs the listenerʼs attention to what
follows it in a sentence. They are a one-stop pace and lead construction. : )
These also can set up embedded commands if shift your voice in some way.
Markers of presuppositions of awareness include: aware, notice, consider, think,

imagine, and any sensory word (see, hear, feel, etc),
Perhaps youʼre thinking about learning some cool new things in TCU.
You might be considering you can do this construction too!
Now we add “not”
Perhaps youʼre not thinking about learning some cool new things in TCU.
You attention goes to the same place.
You might not be considering you can do this construction, too.
2. Use of “not” or negation for “polarity” responses, clients who rigidly sort for
difference while having an external frame, or those who mismatch themselves in the
same way. In everyday life this is what people refer to as “reverse psychology.”
This maneuver comes directly from Erickson. His explanation is when you include the
“not” it “takes it away” from the listener. By giving the person the proposal of “X or not”
you have defined the field, but they have nothing to respond “against.” His take was it
frees the unconscious mind to choice what it really wants rather than just automatically
doing the opposite.
To Not or Not to Not, that is the Question...Would You Not Agree? © Copyright 2012 John Overdurf
49
a. Direct use of “not”
You may not agree with what Iʼm saying....
You may find yourself agreeing.....or NOT. (Delivery is important.)
You may find yourself agreeing...are you not?
You can also include tense changes:
Future > present You may find yourself agreeing... are you not.
Future > past: You may find yourself agreeing... have you not.
*A little tip is to match the intensity with how you deliver the negation to how much the
client is mismatching.
b. Use of contractions or tag questions. The purpose is the same, just a bit
smoother, but be careful if you are doing big tense changes, as it can come across as
being less than earnest.
Future > present: You may find yourself agreeing, arenʼt you.
Future > past: You may find yourself agreeing, havenʼt you.
c. Spurious not is special class created by positioning the “not” the earlier in the
syntax before the request, rather than at the end of the sentence.
Just notice the difference in feel, using this construction:
Would you agree that nots are useful?
Would you not agree that “nots” are useful? This can often create mild confusion which
can result in conscious awareness wanting to grab hold of the next clear representation.
The most subtle and one which tends to be most effective from my experience and will
be one of the moves that is highlighted in the video example weʼre using for class.
3. Use of negation to shift attention from foreground to background. This is one

of the classic moves in Attention-Shifting Coaching. It is a special class of using
negation to
open a field or create an unconscious search which may or may not overload and
suspend dominant hemispheric functioning (as in directionalized ambiguity.)
50
This effect can be mediated by the degree of use of quantification, spatial prepositions,
other hot words, and self-referencing constructions and many others you may not be
searching for right now.
Simplest and most general: What is not (problem), that you havenʼt been noticing?
Attention shift of rep system: What werenʼt you seeing that you can now?
As you are seeing what you are right now, what were you not hearing ...that you can
now?
Adding quantification: What is everything you werenʼt seeing... that you can now?
Quantification can mediate how much open or limited the field is. more on all this
later.: )
4. The “double not” pattern. More on this “the use of Not or Not” in the manual.
51
Self-referencing Patterns to Create Induction & Accommodation
"Are you confident about that?"

"Are you not confident about that?"
Concept of word or word itself

on higher logical level
Apply meaning
use of negation
back on to
use of "about"
referent
Referent:
Word
and/or
Process
I" don't feel confident"
Two Variables: C>E or C=E
How can you stick to deciding?
Concept of word Concept of word

or word itself Apply meaning to or word itself
on higher logical level other variable & on higher logical level
reverse syntax
Word In the case of

Word
and/or words with multiple
and/or
Process meanings.
Process
the effect is amplified.
I" can't decide because I'm stuck."
Self-referencing Patterns to Create Induction & Accommodation © Copyright 2012, John Overdurf
52
Demonstration of Untying the Not Deserving kNOT

with Sally and John
A special thanks to MIchael Norman, for sending his transcription to me, and
going above and beyond the call of duty!. : )
J: Just as it is right now, even if you still have this feeling, what is the issue right now,
that you'd like to work through, as you understand it right now?
S: I think that because of the way that I've been in the past, or had to be, at least over
the last few years, I don't think that I am the fun person that I used to be… and I guess I
feel that I've got... just that little bit of anxiety all the time, that's following me around
J: Ok. Ok. So, and you said over the last few years.
S: Yeah, I think, I've been thinking about it, like you suggested over the last couple of
days. And I think it's something to do with, having to... have that control over me and
how I felt at the time, because it was my decision…. um, so that, um, it was when I left
my husband. And I left him and the children, who were grown up, they were sort of, the
youngest was sort of 18 at the time, but I didn't expect them to feel that I had left them
at all, but they did… so I felt that my husband needed everyone around him at the time,
to help him, because it was my decision… I just had to do whatever I had to do to look
after me, and the best way to do that…
J. Well it sounds like you were looking after them too.
S: Yeah, well, I don't know
J: Well hold… It sounds like you were looking after them, to the extent that you realized
that they all needed to be around him.
S: Yeah, yeah, that was the fair thing to do really.
J: It was the fair thing to do. And so you weren't just looking after you
S: No
J: I just want you to consider that for a moment. It was the fair thing to do, and it was a
very gutsy thing to do. It's a gutsy thing to leave, in the first place. It is, would you not
agree?
S: Yeah
J: But it was something, obviously you made the decision… yeah it was something you
had to do
Demonstration of Untying the Not Deserving kNOT with Sally and John © Copyright 2012, John Overdurf
53
J: So then since that time, you're saying you don't think that… and so, at that time you
had to be a certain way
S: You had to be controlled, and look after yourself, and not share the sort of stuff that
you would probably share with people … and that Mike was probably sharing with the
children and all of our friends at the time
J: So….. And have you done that?
S: Um…. I'm still doing that
J: You're still doing the control thing?
S: Yeah, because there are elements of that still left with the children particularly
J: Because you don't want them to know you're having fun?…..
(Moves head back and forth, left to right with brow furrowed, thinking and not sure
as she is still doing this...)
I mean are you NOT in control of you having fun?
S: I should be, yes
J: You should be (laughs) Well you haven't had any fun with that, have you
(S: Laughing quietly-- as she is..)
J: And if you would be, would they…
(S Shifts moving toward symmetrical physiology)
be more in control I mean… of themselves?
(Shifts to symmetrical posture)
S: Yeah
J: Now, You're doing great, you're doing really good!
To group: So now did you see the unconscious response to that question was (eyes up
right, head nodding)
So her unconscious mind is getting very close to getting this sorted.
J to client: You don't have to believe me, you can believe yourself. It works better that
way.
54
So as it is right now, you feel as though you haven't really been letting yourself feel
things
S: Yeah, because it's easier, isn't it, to do that
J: Yeah, I don't know! That was very good! You're not so sure about that, are you?
That's, I'm really serious, I want you to really think about that for a moment. I'm really
serious. Just take, don't worry about any of this stuff (points away to group?) Is it really,
it is really easier... at this point?
S: No it's not easier, but it's um, I almost feel that I don't deserve to have the fun
J: You don't deserve to have the fun….. (pause)... do you NOT deserve that belief?
S: Which one?
J: Yeah, which one… which belief!?
J: Oh here we go! … Ok what's happening right now?
S: I'm confused (bewildered smile, shaking her head “yes”)
J: You are, aren't you! (laughing)
J: Now, are you working hard to control it?
S: You can't control confusion, it just happens.
J: You CAN”T control confusion, it just happens (smiling)
S: That's why it's nice to be in control, because you don't have that confusion, you can
see things clearly
J: Oh, yeah, and it looked like the confusion here was really uncomfortable... And a lot
of hard work! (joking)….
(Both laughing)
J: So what was the thing you were thinking before?
S: Um...I was thinking that maybe I didn't.... deserve... to have fun (voice trailing off)
(lapses and looks over at J with mouth open)
J: We're really working at it now, aren't we… you THINK, that, it had something to do...
that you don't deserve, that you don't deserve to have fun.
S: Yes
J: Are you not deserving this right now?

55
S: Yes (confused)
J: Having fun I mean
S: Yes, everybody deserves to have fun…. ( deep breath while laughing..)..EVEN ME!
(laughs)
J: (To audience) Did something change there, or was it just me... or you (pointing to
Sally)….. (To Audience) Did you guys notice what just happened there?
J: How are you feeling right now?
S: Warm
J: You are aren't you.... So you're warming up?
S: Yes (warmly)

Linguistic Alchemy

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Linguistic Alchemy

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1

What is everything about any limitation,...

that you don't know...

that will change it?

Perceptual fill is a commonly studied phenomena. Here is an example of where space

Below is an example of how time creates perceptual fill through "adaptation"

Perceptual Fill © Copyright 2009, John Overdurf

How Do You Transform the Illusion?

Including and Expanding

De-nominalizing into on-going processing

New New New

With assimilation, new information

It becomes a sub-set within a

Neurologically, the circuit maintains With accommodation, new information

The old nominalization dissolves or

Neurologically, the circuit loses it's

In Quantum Mechanics, the observer has two roles:

1. The Heisenberg Choice - What question the observer poses to

2. The Dirac Choice - What measurement is made when

The questions we ask.

Ellen Langer is one of the foremost social psychology researchers,

Her definition of mindfulness is less esoteric than some of the Buddhist

Just noticing what is

More secure In "now"

We become We notice more of what

Easier & more effective

1. Being in now. Each moment can be a starting point. No "mistakes."

2. Recognizing all we are is changing, and everything is changing.

This quantum phenomena was first demonstrated by George Sudarshan at U. of Texas

Attention and Focus stabilizes brain circuitry

We get what we focus on...

Secondary Experience Primary Experience

Past & Future Now

Distinctions/Separateness Patterns & Wholeness

Creates Relationships between Experiences All As One

Some Considerations worth Remembering

"Memory is an active, synthetic process."

So, whether we are examining Sub-Modalities, Base Elements, Linguistic Structures

Three levels of encoding involved in reading

1. Semantic encoding - paying attention to comparative meaning of words

"Your dog chased the cat."

"Content" is stored in different areas of the brain than the "container."

Re-consolidation is a well researched and important phase memory of how we maintain

From an evolutionary point of view it is our nervous system's attempt to "up-date"

Current, Conscious Awareness

language, digital disctinctions Sensory Experience

It's all happening...

So-called limits of attention

1. slow the process of change, ala the quantum zeno effect

2. bring the processing of changing into conscious experience

3. create space for attention to go to places it normally can't perceive

4. increase the likelihood of developing classic hypnotic phenomena

All You Are is Change and All You are is Changing

Change only occurs in now.

2. HOW TO TRANSFORM CLIENT'S MAP'S

a. De-nominalize- Turn attention into on-going processing

b. Include more - What is not being included?- Take attention there.

3. IMPORTANT CONCEPTS ABOUT ATTENTION & NEURO-PLASTICTY

a, Quantum Zeno Effect - Attention stabilizes and grows circuitry.

b. Re-consolidation - Every time a "memory" is brought into consciousness

4. META PATTERN OF ALL NLP PATTERNS

Assoc. PS > Dissoc. PS > Assoc. Resources > Assoc. Resources

Source + Type + Target = Result