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Design principles
Electronic components FM demodulation tutorial includes:
Electronics manufacture • FM demodulation overview
Formulae & data • Ratio and Foster Seeley detectors
• FM PLL demodulator
Power management
RF topics & receivers Phase locked loop, PLL FM demodulator or detector is a form of FM demodulator that has gained
widespread acceptance in recent years. PLL FM detectors can easily be made from the variety of
Satellite technology
phase locked loop integrated circuits that are available, and as a result, PLL FM demodulators are
Technology history found in many types of radio equipment ranging from broadcast receivers to high performance
Telecoms & networks communications equipment.
Test & measurement The PLL FM demodulation integrated circuits started to appear when integrated circuit technology
developed to the degree to allow RF analogue circuits to be manufactured. Although high
Wireless technology
frequencies are not normally needed, for PLL FM demodulators, the circuit must be capable of
operating at the intermediate frequency of the receiver, and for receivers using FM this was often
News 10.7 MHz. Although by today's standards, this is not high, it was necessary for the technology to
reach this state before PLL FM demodulators became available.
Events & exhibitions
Bookshop PLL FM demodulation basics
Equipment shop The way in which a phase locked loop, PLL FM demodulator works is relatively straightforward. It
Training & courses requires no changes to the basic phase locked loop, itself, utilising the basic operation of the loop
to provide the required output.
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The way in which a PLL FM demodulator operates is quite straightforward. The loop consists of a
phase detector into which the incoming signal is passed, along with the output from the voltage
About us controlled oscillator (VCO) contained within the phase locked loop. The output from the phase
Privacy Policy detector is passed into a loop filter and then used as the control voltage for the VCO.
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With no modulation applied and the carrier in the centre position of the pass-band the voltage on
the tune line to the VCO is set to the mid position. However if the carrier deviates in frequency,
the loop will try to keep the loop in lock. For this to happen the VCO frequency must follow the
incoming signal, and in turn for this to occur the tune line voltage must vary. Monitoring the tune
line shows that the variations in voltage correspond to the modulation applied to the signal. By
amplifying the variations in voltage on the tune line it is possible to generate the demodulated
signal.
http://www.radio-electronics.com/info/rf-technology-design/fm-reception/fm-pll-detector-demodulator-demodulation.php[22-11-2012 23:30:59]
PLL FM Demodulator / Detector :: Radio-Electronics.Com
A further design consideration is the linearity of the VCO. This should be designed for the voltage
to frequency curve to be as linear as possible over the signal range that will be encountered, i.e.
the centre frequency plus and minus the maximum deviation anticipated.
In general the PLL VCO linearity is not a major problem for average systems, but some attention
may be required to ensure the linearity is sufficiently good for hi-fi systems.
Summary
The PLL FM demodulator is one of the more widely used forms of FM demodulator or detector
these days. Its suitability for being combined into an integrated circuit, and the small number of
external components makes PLL FM demodulation ICs an ideal candidate for many circuits these
days.
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