The evaluation of probable risk arising out of flood would help in developing better

management plan to mitigating flood impacts.

As first stage for create the flood risk map, we have to download the shapefile of the study
Area from DIVA-GIS. After unzipping the files, we must open a new folder, give it a name,
and we put the shapefiles in it. We open ArcMap 10.8, we select blank sheet, and from the
Map tab, we select “Add data,” and navigate to the location of the shapefile, we select it and
we click “Ok.”. After we opened it, we right click on this shapefile and choose “Open
Attribute Table” from the list which it appears, we press on CTRL+F keys, and type in
exactly the name of our “Interest Region”. We click on the row of the region name to
highlight and show it in the map which we opened before. To create layer of our “Interest
Region”, we right-click on the current layer, we choose “Selection”, then we click on “Create
Layer from Selected Features”.

The second stage is to download a digital elevation model for the study area. To do that,
we go to website https://srtm.csi.cgiar.org/srtmdata/. As it is difficult to know the exact tile
for our region, it is important that, we select several tiles which cover this region. To advance,
we add the “DEM” file, then we extract our region by typing and searching “clip data
management” from the search bar.

For the determination of flooding risk map, we can include a “SLOPE” map since this is
very important parameter. But before that, we have to re-project our “Interest Region DEM”
by searching for ‘Project Raster’. After searching to “slope (Spatial Analysis)” function, we
add “Re-projected DEM” in “Input Raster”, in the “Output Raster” we select our work folder,
and we save the file as ““region Slope”” name.

The third stage of this work is to include data – rainfall in our analysis. As an example of
the most used portals, we use TAMSAT to download rainfall data. The process starts by
referring to browser and search for it, clicking on zipped files by year, and it is ends by
clicking on monthly and choosing the peak month. As always, we unzip this file that have
(.nc) format into our working folder. After adding this file in our layers of Arcmap, we type
‘Make Netcdf Raster Newlayer’ in the “Search” to add the Map of Africa. To make the task
easier, we Clip out from this map only the region that we are interested in studying by using
the previous approach for clipping. The map that appears shows the presence of some errors.
To correct this error, we would need to create a rectangle new shapefile in order to be able to
clip out our region of interest properly. To do that, we click on the Catalog, and browse to our
working folder, we right click on it, we click on “new” from the list shown then we choose a
“shapefile”. To create a rectangle that covers the study area. As some changes to this last
layer that clipping, we convert it from the raster to point by typing in the search ‘Raster to
point’. The last step in this stage is the interpolation of “Rain from raster to point” using the
“Kriging”. To get it, we search for “interpolation” and select “Kriging Method”. To close this
stage, we clipping out from “Kriging rain” the “Rainfall region” by using the clip function.

The fourth and the last stage of flooding risk map is to reclassify our 3 rasters (“Interest
Region DEM”, “region Slope”, and “Rainfall region”) into 3 classes. Each of this class is
assigned a value between 1 to 5. To do that, we search for “Reclassify” in the “Search”
function. For each class that appears we enter the number according the potential of risk, 5
means highest risk of flooding, 1 means lowest risk of flooding, and 3 means moderate risk of
flooding. Our next step is to combine these layers together through the so-called MCA
approach. To do that, we type in the search the “Raster calculator” then we enter
50*DEM+30*Slope+20*Rain formula in the window that appears to calculate our flood map.