Name: JEANN A.

GILDO BSED-MATH III

Underlying Principles and Strategies in Teaching

Strategies Definition Theorist/Author Sample Procedure

Math Topic

1. Constructivism is Constructivism draws Number Teachers seek and

Constructivism a crucial learning inspiration from System value students'
Strategy philosophy that Piaget's and Kelly's points of view.
instructors apply developmental studies Classroom activities
to help students in (1991). challenge student
learning. Constructivism is assumptions.
Constructivism is defined by Twomey Teachers pose
founded on the Fosnot (1989) in problems of
notion that people terms of four guiding relevance. The
actively create principles: learning, in teacher gives the
their own a significant way, students a problem
knowledge and depends on what we about the number
that reality is already know; new system, for
shaped by your ideas emerge as we example, changing a
experiences as a modify and adapt our decimal number
learner. In essence, old ideas; learning with base 10 to a
students build on involves inventing binary number with
their prior ideas rather than rote base 2. So, they can
knowledge with memorization of facts, also perform
new information and meaningful arithmetic
by using it as a learning occurs operations like
foundation. through rethinking old addition,
ideas and reaching subtraction, and
new conclusions multiplication on
about new ideas that the number system.
conflict with our old Here, they will learn
ideas. The learner is at the methods to
the core of active convert the number
instruction in a of one base to the
productive, number of another
constructivist base starting with
classroom. the decimal number
system.
2.  Cooperative Cooperative The Zone of Proximal Algebraic The teacher gives a
Learning learning is a Development Expressions problem to students
teaching strategy hypothesis of Lev & Equation to work together and
whereby students Vygotsky serves as also improves social
work together to the foundation for skills, problem-
achieve a common collaborative learning. solving ability, and
 learning objective. In this situation, conflict resolution.
Students have the students rely on one For example, the
opportunity to another to perform problem is to Find
learn by doing in a activities that they the value of x in the
setting that is moreotherwise wouldn't be given equation: 4x +
akin to their futureable to finish on their 10 = 30 in algebraic
workplace thanks own. Critical thinking expression and
to cooperative skills must be equation and they
learning practices developed find the solution by
collaboratively, and working together in
research suggests that their groups or as
group activity helps partners.
kids remember
knowledge better.
3. Reflective Reflective learning It is believed that Geometry Teachers connect
Learning often entails John Dewey (1859– reflective actions
reviewing 1952) founded the with learning. A
something from reflective learning teacher who puts
the past, such as method. He defined Reflective Learning
an idea or reflective learning as into practice
experience, and actively thinking questions the results
critically about the information regardless of
analyzing it. that has been whether they have
Reflection will learned and the been satisfactory or
assist students in implications that may not. The flexing
learning from their be drawn from it. teacher wants to
past experiences Dewey explained that probe, question, and
and transforming reflective learning can seek different
surface learning look like answers to a
into deep learning remembering an situation or
by examining both experience, reflecting problem. For
good and failed on the reasoning example, the teacher
aspects of an behind the outcome, asks the students
experience. and considering how about the history of
another outcome geometry which lies
could have been in the concerns of
achieved. everyday life.
4. Inquiry-Based Inquiry-based John Dewey (1859– Functions The teacher gives
Learning learning is a 1952), an American the students real-
learning process educator and world problems for
that engages philosopher, is example At Joe's
students by primarily credited pizzeria a pizza
making real-world with popularizing costs $5 with the
connections "learning by doing" first topping, and
through (Dewey, 1933). then an additional
exploration and Inquiry-based 75 cents for each
high-level learning, which was additional topping.
questioning. influenced by Dewey, If x represents the
Students are was widely accepted number of toppings
encouraged to by school teachers in on a pizza, what
participate in the 1970s and started function represents
problem-solving to appear at about the the cost of a pizza
and experience same time in with at least one
learning through academic institutions. topping? The
this method of students share their
teaching. own ideas and
questions about a
topic. This helps
foster more
curiosity about the
material and teaches
skills students can
use to continue
exploring topics
they are interested
in.