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Unit number and title Unit 06: Managing a Successful Computing Project
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B. Content
a. Primary research
- Primary research is characterised by:
research that’s conducted by yourself, your team or by a market research firmopens in new window you hire for
the purpose;
the collected information being up-to-date, unlike secondary data which may be old and therefore no longer
accurate;
specific results. Primary research aims to answer questions that are relevant only to your company, allowing you to
can gain valuable insight into the key issues that affect your business.
the data you collect belongs to you. Competitors cannot get the data and information unless you publish it, which
gives your business a competitive advantage.
- The main examples of primary research are: (Khảo sát, phỏng vấn trực tiếp, nhóm tập trung và quan sát là những
phương pháp phổ biến nhất để tiến hành nghiên cứu sơ cấp, mặc dù còn nhiều phương pháp khác nữa. )
Primary research is often more expensive and time-consuming. But it is the best way to get the information that your
business needs. The most popular primary research tools are:
Customer surveys. Surveys conducted via phone, in person, on paper or using an online survey software
like SurveyMonkey, are hugely informative. It’s a list of questions crafted in a way that gives you the best possible
insight into how a customer feels about your product or service, your brand and the experience you provide. It can
be as broad or as specific as you want.
In-depth interviews. Carried out either by phone or face-to-face, in-depth interviews give you an opportunity to ask
more probing questions. You can also follow-up with an interviewee wherever necessary to obtain satisfactory
answers.
Focus groups. A focus group is an organized session with a group of 6-8 people that share some common
characteristics. These characteristics include age, location, buying habits, etc. They will participate in a discussion of
a predefined topic led by a moderator. It’s an expensive but effective method of getting feedback on bigger scale
upgrades, product features or new products.
Observation. It involves watching or video-recording how consumers interact with a product or service in a natural
setting. Although a time-consuming method, it has the advantage of providing unbiased research. This is because
consumers are not under any pressure and will behave naturally.
Secondary market research is fairly easy to find, and most of the information is free or low-cost. For example, you
can search for secondary market research information on government or industry websites, at your local library, in
websites, newspapers or business magazines.
The downside of secondary market research is that it is not specific to the needs of the organization and is
therefore not as useful as primary market research.
Secondary research means research that has previously been undertaken, usually by another business or organisation, but
is publicly available for free (such as government statistics) or paid-for (such as a research paper by an organisation such
as Mintelopens in new window.
being based on already analysed and interpreted information and data, unlike primary research that deals with raw
data;
using data has been collected by someone else other than the researcher;
the same data being available to both you and your competitorsopens in new window;
being available immediately – there’s no need to set up a primary research method such as a survey and wait for
the results;
being fast and easy, ideal for gaining a broad understanding of a market quickly and cheaply.
* Secondary research examples
- Secondary market research can be found at your local library and online in news stories, industry publications, reports,
whitepapers, government, local government and business websites.
Government – Has a wide availability of open data such as census and geographic information, along with
whitepapers and reports. Useful government sources include the Office of National Statistics (ONS)opens in new
window.
Competitors – Company reports, press releasesopens in new window and websites are easy to find and may
provide some information of use.
Trade organisations and unions – Some organisations conduct research into their sector and issues that face their
membership. Check for press releases and reports.
General media – Journals, newspaper and magazine articles often report surveys and findings, especially on issues
such as consumer confidence, trends and spending patterns.
Commercial market research organisations – paid-for research is available from companies such as Mintel, Key
Noteopens in new window, Euromonitoropens in new window and YouGovopens in new window which has a
handy audience profiling tool. Research is usually available as market reports containing both the data summaries,
commentary and interpretation, such as market trends or customer spending forecasts.
- For a start up, secondary research is useful as it can be low-cost or even free.
– The secondary market also has an impact on the primary market, acting as a driving force for the development of this
market:
+ The secondary market creates liquidity for securities issued in the primary market, thereby increasing the
attractiveness of securities, making the issuance of securities in the primary market more favorable;
+ The secondary market plays the role of determining the price of the securities to be issued in the primary market.
a. Qualitative research
- In the qualitative research part, in order to get detailed user information, I did a survey to collect the opinions of
different people. For the interviewees, we have collected useful information for IoT research. After the interview process,
we have obtained specific statistics for the qualitative research process.
- During this research, most people already know about IoT products/applications. In the question: "Which IoT system
from the list below do you prefer?" most people choose "Intelligent transportation" so we have recognized the
importance of intelligent transportation system in daily life. After this survey process, we will increasingly promote the
research of intelligent transportation systems to suit the needs of the people and to make the transportation system more
complete and safer. In the future, we will also continue to promote research and exploit other functions for traffic IoT
- I realize that there are still a lot of bugs in current smart IoT devices. So in the future we will promote the features of IoT
to make users feel convenient, safe and useful so that it becomes an indispensable part of daily life.
b. Quantitative research
- In question 1, we have given 4 age milestones to survey users that are 10-18 years old, 18-30, 30-40 years old and over
40 years old. After submitting the survey questions, we received 104 responses.
Figure 4: Survey Results Chart – question 1
According to the chart, the majority of respondents are from 18-30 years old (53.8%), then 10-18 years old (36.5%),
and a few are people in the 30-40 years old(7.7) %) and over 40 years old (1.9%). According to that statistic, we can see
that the majority of respondents are young and full of energy
According to the graph, we get 55.8% male and 44.2 female indicating that majority of respondents are male
- In the 4th question, we conducted a survey of users, do they want IoT devices to be installed in cities?
- In the 5th question, we want to survey users whether they think IoT devices will be widely used in the future?
2.2.Secondary research
The advantages and advantages that IoT brings to individuals have all been mentioned in the above articles. IoT has
made it possible for people to perform tasks that previously required a lot of time and effort in today's technologically
advanced world. Therefore, itmuch simpler for everyone.
[RESULTS 1] Mikhail Zymbler, Prayag Tiwari and Sachin Kumar, 2019. Internet of Things is an innovative review of
approaches to future technological advancement, Chicago: 2019.
[RESULTS 2] Marijn Janssen, Paulien Herder and Paul Brous, 2020. The Dual Impact of the Internet of Things
(IoT): A thorough analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of organizations adopting IoT.
- [Study 3] Kang Li, Gongrang, Dongxiao Gu, Changyong Liang, Xuejie Yang, Xiaoyu Wang,2020 Zhang & Jinhong Zhong
Review of new IoT innovations for smart health research: a Beijing: 2020 knowledge graph analysis.
- Regarding a study titled "Considering New IoT Improvements for Smart Devices
- Check out knowledge graphs in health research "This article also highlights many IoT applications in health analytics and
monitoring. They generated individual analyzes and used journals from IoT-based smart transportation IoT research is a
growing field.
- In the qualitative research part, in order to get detailed user information, I did a survey to collect the opinions of
different people. For the interviewees, we have collected useful information for IoT research. After the interview process,
we have obtained specific statistics for the qualitative research process
- End the interview. The majority of interviewees are between the ages of 10-18 and 18-30 in which most people know
English and want to work at an IoT research company and their expected salary is 1000-2000. $ then I realize that most
people want IoT devices to be widely applied in cities and in the future will research more IoT devices in traffic to reduce
traffic congestion and flood in season
- I realize that there are still a lot of bugs in current smart IoT devices. So in the future we will promote the features of IoT
to make users feel convenient, safe and useful so that it becomes an indispensable part of daily life.
- In this project, we looked at the impact and usage of smart applications and smart traffic devices using the IoT platform,
as was mentioned in exercise 1. The member institutes of this survey have successfully achieved their initial goals, and the
set has completed 100% of the workload, according to our analysis of the data. Users are becoming more knowledgeable
about IoT gadgets, according to prior surveys. Particularly with IoT gadgets, IoT devices in the transportation sector are
increasingly becoming targets. Users notice that traffic is becoming more steady and safe than ever thanks to automatic
lighting systems, smart parking, and other processing procedures when IoT devices are used in traffic. flooding. There
have been several types and sizes of public surveys undertaken. can be quickly found by using a number of techniques,
such as government data, research associations, or just searching for data online. By searching the internet, we were able
to find a few reliable websites and articles that could be used as secondary research resources for this project. In addition,
the report claims that a tiny number of people are still wary about IoT gadgets. quantitative study because malevolent
individuals could simply steal the confidentiality of information shared across various products.
1. Project Control
- Project Controls is a process that encompasses the resources, procedures, and tools for the planning, monitoring, and
controlling of all phases of the capital project lifecycle. This includes estimating, cost and schedule management, risk
management, change management, earned value progressing, and forecasting.
- Project controls are processes for gathering and analyzing project data to keep costs and schedules on track. The
functions of project controls include initiating, planning, monitoring and controlling, communicating, and closing out
project costs and schedule. Ultimately, project controls are repeatable processes for measuring project status, forecasting
likely outcomes based on those measurements and then improving project performance if those projected outcomes are
unacceptable.
- While a project may deal with many parameters, such as quality, scope, etc., the discipline of project controls puts a
spotlight on the cost and schedule factors, continuously monitoring for any risk to them.
- Hierarchically, project controls nest under project management. A project controller could be reporting to a project
manager on a specific project or an entire portfolio of projects. Project controls are vital to successful project
management, as it alerts project stakeholders to potential trouble areas and allows them to course correct, if needed.
2. Project monitoring
- -Project monitoring is the process of checking and monitoring a project on time, cost and progress in order to regularly
evaluate its completion and recommend necessary measures and actions to successfully implement it. project work.
- When considering the project management process, project monitoring (also referred to as “project monitoring and
control”) comes as step four — following initiation, planning, and the beginning of execution. Once the project execution
begins, project monitoring also commences. But, what exactly is project monitoring?
- Project monitoring involves tracking a project’s metrics, progress, and associated tasks to ensure everything is completed
on time, on budget, and according to project requirements and standards. Project monitoring also includes recognizing
and identifying roadblocks or issues that might arise during the project’s execution, and taking action to rectify these
problems.
- To put it simply, the success of a project relies on complete and dynamic project monitoring. Careful project monitoring
empowers PMs to gather valuable data regarding how a project is going — and to use this data to make intelligent
decisions.
Ensuring that tasks are being carried out according to project requirements (quality control)
3. Milestone analysis
- A project milestone is a checkpoint used to mark project progress. This can be a specific date, time, task, or event chosen
to represent a turning point in the initiative. Project milestones can also be points in the project lifecycle when a team is
expected to make a key decision or hand over deliverables preceding the final product
- For example, if the “project” in question is publishing a book, a first milestone may be submitting the manuscript. After
this, the book can then be edited to prepare it for publishing and distribution.
-After a certain event or set of milestone events occur, you can formally evaluate the project’s progress. You can also
compare your original projections to your current situation, reflect on goals achieved so far, and look for new areas of
improvement as you continue onward.
- A milestone trend analysis is important because it gives you and your team the ability to visualize what is and is not
working. Instead of blindly moving forward no matter what, teams are able to see if their milestone deadlines are on
track, too ambitious, or not ambitious enough.
- Milestone trend analysis also helps to identify bottlenecks and other constraints that signal issues with the
project scope or other planning aspects.
- Milestone analysis charts can also help take things from the micro to the macro. If milestone deadlines are continually
missed, you can infer that your project may be at risk of overall delay.
- Reflection is vital for the success of a project because your findings can determine whether your team is behind or ahead
of schedule
Figure 17: Milestone analysis
4. S-curve
- An s-curve is a mathematical graph that depicts relevant cumulative data for a project—such as cost or man-hours—
plotted against time. An s-curve in project management is typically used to track the progress of a project.
- An “S-Curve” is often used when forecasting the construction component of a development feasibility. An S-Curve is a
chart showing construction cash flows over a “standard” project’s life. The graph plots the percentage of value of work
completed against the percentage of time completed in small increments.
- S-Curves are used to visualize the progress of a project over time. They plot either cumulative work, based on person-
hours, or costs over time. The name is derived from the fact that the data usually takes on an S-shape, with slower
progress at the beginning and end of a project.
4. Step 4: After the chart is prepared, click on the point of the graph in which you want to move to the secondary axis.
Figure 18: S-curve
5. Earned value method (EVM)
Earned Value Analysis (or EVA) is a calculation method that helps you see if your project is within budget and
schedule given where you are right now in your project.
It takes into consideration the work that has been accomplished so far and costs incurred until now, and puts that
into perspective to the original budget and schedule (also known as baseline).
Earned Value Analysis works in such a way that you enter a couple of project metrics into formulae and it spills out
a couple of key figures (or metrics) that tell you different interesting things about your project’s status.
We’ll get to the metrics later, but important to remember for now is that among other values, EVA (or EVM) gives
you two important key figures:
7. Logbook
Phase 1
Name: Tran Van Khoi, Cao Linh Hoa, Nguyen Quoc Khanh, Dao Xuan Cat
- Problem encounter: We ran into a difficulty with the project's cost investment. We overcame this barrier by
asking the government for non-profit funding for research projects.
- New ideas and change of project direction: Keep the original plan/We have no new ideas
- Tasks planned for next week: Identification work takes precedence in the following milestone. I'll identify
tasks, develop a work breakdown structure (WBS), estimate time, manage risk, create a timetable, allocate
resources, and calculate project costs. I have allotted enough time to do the task.
- Project plan status to date: ON
Logbook 1
Name: : Tran Van Khoi, Cao Linh Hoa, Nguyen Quoc Khanh, Dao Xuan Cat
- Project titleIoT research project in transportation ( IoT of Trafic)
Name: : Tran Van Khoi, Cao Linh Hoa, Nguyen Quoc Khanh, Dao Xuan Cat
We have identified some possible risks during this time with the above tasks.
- A computer is broken
Example: some of our team members have no experience for this job
Problem encounter: We had a difficulty with the survey question design for the project. During the survey, we found that the
question was not appropriate and there were people who disagreed about developing more IoT devices. On the Google meet,
live interviewswere replaced with online interviews.
New ideas and change of project direction: Keep the original plan/We have no new ideas
Tasks planned for next week: Collecting document research is a top goal for the upcoming milestone. We'll
gather data, analyze it, and write a report for the project's secondary study. We have allotted enough time
to complete the task.
Logbook 3
Name: : Tran Van Khoi, Cao Linh Hoa, Nguyen Quoc Khanh, Dao Xuan Cat
Problem encounter: We have a problem locating a trustworthy source of information. We were able to
overcome this obstacle by seeking for large-scale investigations.
New ideas and change of project direction: Keep the original plan/We have no new ideas
Tasks planned for next week: Presentation will take precedence in the following milestone. The project's
outcomes will be created and presented. We have allotted enough time to complete the task.
Name: : Tran Van Khoi, Cao Linh Hoa, Nguyen Quoc Khanh, Dao Xuan Cat
Problem encounter: We ran into a problem with our presentation skills. We were able to overcome this
hurdle by planning a tight discourse ahead of time and practicing it extensively.
D. Reseach
https://www.startuploans.co.uk/business-advice/advantages-of-primary-and-secondary-market-research/
https://www.oberlo.com/ecommerce-wiki/market-research
https://covanphaply.vn/moi-quan-he-giua-thi-truong-so-cap-va-thi-truong-thu-cap/
https://www.knowledgehut.com/blog/project-management/important-project-monitoring-implement-ai
https://www.wrike.com/blog/what-milestone-trend-analysis/
https://www.ecosys.net/knowledge/what-is-project-controls/
https://projectcontrolsonline.com/definition-and-importance-of-project-controls
https://biosidmartin.com/what-is-an-s-curve-in-project-management/