LESSON 10 .
COMPUTER
- one of the wonders of human
ingenuity
- can be a tutor in effect relieving
the teacher of many activities in
his/her personal role in classroom
tutor.
- a tutor in this new age of learning
PC (PERSONAL COMPUTERS)
- has become the tool for
programmed instruction.
CAI
- COMPUTER-ASSISTED INSTRUCTION
AVAILABLE COMPUTER AND CAI
SOFTWARE, THE TEACHER MUST:
• Ensure that students have the
needed knowledge and skills for
any computer activity.
• Decide the appropriate learning
objectives.
• Plan the sequential and structured
activities to achieve objectives.
• Evaluate the students’
achievement by ways of tests the
specific expected outcomes.
STUDENTS IN CAI PLAY THEIR OWN ROLES
AS LEARNERS AS THEY:
• Receive information
• Understand instructions for the
computer activity.
• Retain in mind the information
and rules for the computer
activity.
• Apply the knowledge and rules
during the process of computer
learning.
COMPUTER IN CAI PLAYS ITS ROLES AS IT:
• Acts as a sort of tutor (the role
traditional played by the
teacher).
• Provides a learning environment.
• Delivers learning instruction.
• Reinforces learning through drill-
and-practice.
• Provides feedbacks
EDUCATORS
- accept the fact that the
computer has indeed succeeded
in providing an individualized
learning environment so difficult
for a teacher handling whole
classes.
CAI INTEGRATED WITH LESSONS
CAI COMPUTER LEARNING
- should not stop with the drill and
practice activities of students.
COMMON TYPES OF DRILL AND PRACTICE
PROGRAMS:
• Vocabulary Building
• Math Facts
• Basic Science
• History or Geography Facts
SIMULATION SOFTWARE MATERIALS
- are another kind of software that
are constructivist in nature.
INSTRUCTIONAL GAMES
- While relating to low-level learning
objectives, instructional computer
games add the elements of
 competition and challenges. EX. enhance the communication of
GeoSafari the achieved project package.

GEOSAFARI CONSTRUCTIVSM

- introduces adventure activities for - was introduced by Piaget (1981)

Geography, History and Science. and Bruner (1990).
The program can be played by up - gave stress to knowledge
to four players to form teams. discovery of new meaning,
concepts, and principles in the
PROBLEM SOLVING SOFTWARE
learning process.
- These are more sophisticated
SOCIAL CONSTRUCTIVSM
than the drill and practice
exercises and allow students to - an effort to show that the
learn and improve on their construction of knowledge is
problem-solving ability governed by social, historical, and
cultural contexts.
HIGHER THINKING SKILLS:
PSYCHOLOGIST VYGOTSKY
▪ Logic
▪ Recognition - stressed that learning is affected
▪ Reflection by social influences. He therefore,
▪ Strategy-making suggested, the interactive
process in learning.
MULTIMEDIA ENCYCLOPEDIA
DEWEY
- can store a huge database with
- sees language as a medium for
texts, images, animation audio
social coordination and
and video.
adaptation. He believes that
ELECTRONIC BOOKS human learning is really human
language that occurs when
- provide textual information for
students socially share, build and
reading, supplemented by other
agree upon meaning and
types of multimedia information.
knowledge.

TEACHER CAN EMPLOY THE COMPUTER AS

LESSON 11 .
A/AN:
COMPUTER
✓ An information tools
- It can in fact support the ✓ A communication tools
constructivist and social ✓ A constructive tool
constructivist paradigms of ✓ As co-constructive tool
learning. ✓ A situating tool
- can provide access to
information, foster creative social INFORMATIVE TOOLS
knowledge-building, and - The computer can provide vast
amounts of information in various
 forms, such as text, graphics, THE SCL CLASSROOM
sound, and video. JOHN DEWEY
CONSTRUCTIVE TOOLS - has described traditional learning
- The computer itself can be used as a process in which the teacher
for manipulating information, pours information to student
visualizing one’s understanding, learners.
and building new knowledge.
Desiring to gain EFFECTIVENESS,
CO-CONSTRUCTIVE TOOLS
EFFICIENCY and ECONOMY in
- One way of co-construction is the
administration and instruction, schools in
use of the electronic whiteboard
these developed economies have also
where students may post notices
adopted the support of ICTs.
to a shared document or
Their STUDENTS HAVE NOW
whiteboard.
BECOME ACTIVE NOT PASSIVE LEARNERS,
who can interact with other learners,
SITUATING SYSTEMS
demonstrating independence and self-
1. MUDs
awareness in the learning process.
- Multi-User Domains or Dungeons
2. MOOs
New school classroom environment
- MUD Object-Oriented
characterized by student individually or
3. MUSHs
in group:
- Multi-User Shared hallucinations
1. Performing computer word
MUDs & MOOs
- mainly text-based virtual reality processing for text or graph
environments on the Internet. presentation.

LESSON 12 . 2. Preparing power point

presentation.
JOHN DEWEY
3. Searching for information on the
- argued for a highly active and
individualized pedagogical Internet.
method which places the student 4. Brainstorming on ideas, problems
at the center of the teaching-
learning process. and project plans as needed.

TRADITIONAL CLASSROOM
- necessitated by the need to LESSON 13 .
maintain classroom discipline SINGAPORE
- allow the teacher to control
classroom activities through - has set the global pace for
lecture presentation and teacher- student-centered learning with a
led discussions.
2:1 (2 learners with 1 computer)
- Another option is now presented
and this is adopting the idea of ratio in its master plan for IT in
developing students to be education.
independent learners
COOPERATIVE OR COLLABORATIVE 2 KINDS OF SOFTWARE
1. The System Software
LEARNING
2. The Application Software
- is learning by small groups of SYSTEM SOFTWARE
students who work together in a - This is the operating system that is
common task or often called found or bundled inside all
group learning. computer machines.
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
FIVE (5) ELEMENTS NEEDED TO BE TRULY - This contains the system that
COOPERATIVE LEARNING: commands the particular task or
1. Common goal solves a particular problem.
2. Interdependence IN TURN THE APPLICATIONS SOFTWARE
3. Interaction MAY BE:
4. Individual accountability 1. Custom Software
5. Social skills 2. Commercial Software
ADVANTAGES OF COOPERATIVE CUSTOM SOFFTWARE
LEARNING: - made for specific tasks often by
a) Encourages active learning, while large corporations
motivating students; COMMERCIAL SOFTWARE
b) Increases academic - packaged for personal
performance; computers that helps with a
c) Promotes literacy and language variety of tasks.
skills; and
d) Improves teacher effectiveness. MICROSOFOT WINDOWS
- Referred to as a program
COMPONENTS OF COOPERATIVE - An operating environment
LEARNING: between the user and the
• Assigning students to computer operating system.
mixed-ability teams; - It is a layer that creates the way
• Establishing positive the computer should work and
interdependence: also called as shell.
• Teaching cooperative - Uses colorful graphics interface
social skills; WINDOWS 95
• Insuring individual - is a software designed for
accountability, and Microsoft Windows.
• Helping groups process WINDOWS PROVIDES:
information. • User convenience. Just click a file
LESSON 14 name to retrieve data or click
COMPUTER HARDWARE/ SOFTWARE from program to program as easy
- can hardly be useful without the as changing channels in your TV
program or system that tells what screen.
the computer machine should do. • A new look. Fancy borders,
This is also called the software smooth and streamlined text
fonts.
 • Information center. Windows puts
all communications activities;
adapts/configures the computer
for the Internet.
• Plug and play. Configures the
computer with added
components, such as for sound
and video.
INSTRUCTIONAL SOFTWARE
- Can be visited on the internet or
can be bought from software
shops or dealers
- The teacher through his school
should decide on the best
computer-based instructional
(CBI) materials for the school
resource collection.
LESSON 15
HYPERMEDIA
- It is nothing hut multimedia, but
this time packaged as an
educational computer software
where information is presented
and student activities
integrated in a virtual learning
environment.
- Most educational IT applications
are hypermedia and these
include:
o Tutorial Software Packages
o Knowledge Webpages
o Simulation Instructional
Games
o Learning Project
Management
The presentation of INFORMATION-
LEARNING ACTIVITIES in hypermedia is
said to be sequenced in a non- linear
manner, meaning that the learner may
allow his path of activities thus an
environment of learner autonomy and
thinking skills.
CHARACTERISTICS OF HYPERMEDIA
APPLICATIONS:
1. LEARNER CONTROL
- This means the learner makes his
own decisions on the path, flow or
events of instruction.
2. LEARNING WIDE RANGE OF
NAVIGATION ROUTE
- The learner has the option to
repeat and change speed, if
desired.
3. VARIETY OF MEDIA
- Hypermedia includes more than
one media but does not
necessarily use all types of media
in one presentation.
.
LESSON 16 .
INTERNET
- also simply called the Net, is
largest and far- flung network
system-of-all-systems.
are - not really a network but a loosely
organized collection of about
25,000 networks accessed by
computers on the planet.
TCP/IP
- Transmission Control Protocol/
Internet Protocol
BROWSING
- The most attractive way to move
around the Internet
- the user can use a mouse to point
and click on screen icons to surf
the Internet.
WWW

- World Wide Web LEARNING SOCIAL

- an Internet’s subset of text, CONSTRUCTIVISM
FRAMEWORK CONSTRUCTIVISM
images, and sounds are linked Knowledge is
Knowledge is
constructed
together to allow users to access ASSUMPTIONS constructed by the
within a social
data or information needed individual.
context.
Students build
EDUCATIONAL SOFTWARE MATERIALS knowledge
DEFINITION Students build their
influenced by
- These have also developed both OF LEARNING own learning.
the social
in sophistication and appeal. context.
Gather
There is now a wider choice from Exchange and
unorganized
rote arithmetic or grammar LEARNING share form ideas,
information to
STRATEGIES stimulates
lessons to discovery and create new
thinking.
innovation projects. concept/principle
Students discuss
GENERAL Personal discovery
PRACTICUM and discover
ORIENTATION of knowledge.
meanings.
- This phase consists of hands- on Two alternative
job offers
computer tutorials which the Option 1- 8
student teacher or professional EXAMPLE 8*5-8+8+8+8+8
hrs/day for 6
teacher- trainee will need to days/weeks
Option 2-
make him/her capable. 9hrs/day for 5
days/week
PRACTICCUM PHASE CONSITS IN:

1. Basic Microsoft Word

2. Microsoft Power Point
LAPTOP iPAD/ TABLET
3. Internet as a tool of inquiry ✓ Portable w/ ✓ Small, portable and light
hardware (1 lb.)
BOOKS included in
product ✓ Full control of screen and
- are still the primary medium of applications
✓ Full keyboard for
instruction in most schools easy, accurate ✓ Touchscreen with stylus or
It is doubtful if these will totally be encoding fingers

replaced by digital technology ✓ Full screen for ✓ Can store all your music,
reading tools, but there are now viewing, photos, videos
perceptions that the virtual browsing,
enjoying ✓ Built-in flash camera
literacy may very well ease out entertainment
textual print literacy. content ✓ Built-in eReader to read
books
TECHNOLOGY ✓ Heavy weight (3-
9 lbs.) ✓ Durable but touchscreen
- Viewed as today’s savior. can scratch, damage
screen display