WEBINAR:

How to Become an Expert in Automotive Ethernet Testing

Part 1: Fundamentals of Compliance Test, Validation and
Debug
Thank you for joining us. We will begin shortly
NOTE: This presentation includes Q&A. We will be taking questions during the
presentation with answers at the end using the questions section of your control
panel.

Version 1.0 1
Teledyne LeCroy Overview
 LeCroy was founded by Walter LeCroy in 1964
 Original products were high-speed digitizers for
particle physics research

 Corporate headquarters is in Chestnut Ridge, NY

(USA)
 Regional sales/service offices in every major
location around the world

 Long history of innovation in digital

oscilloscopes
 First digital storage oscilloscope
 First 100 GHz real-time oscilloscope
 First 12-bit high bandwidth oscilloscope
 HD4096 technology – 12 bits all the time

 LeCroy is also the world leader in high-speed

protocol analysis.
 In 2012, LeCroy was acquired by Teledyne
Technologies and renamed Teledyne LeCroy

Version 1.0 2
About the Presenter

• Product Manager with Teledyne LeCroy

for 9 years

• Teledyne LeCroy OPEN Alliance

representative

• B.S., Bioengineering from Binghamton

University

• MBA from Columbia University

Bob Mart
Director of Product Management
Teledyne LeCroy
robert.mart@teledynelecroy.com

Version 1.0 3
Automotive Ethernet Master Series
In this four-part series we will cover everything you need to become an
expert in Automotive Ethernet, starting with the fundamentals and building
up to how to preform compliance testing and debug.

Version 1.0 4
Welcome to Automotive Ethernet Masters Webinar Series!
We will cover everything you need
to become an expert in Automotive
Ethernet, starting with the
fundamentals and building up to
how to preform compliance testing
and debug.
Topics:
 Part 1 - Fundamentals of
Compliance Test, Validation and
Debug
 Part 2 - Mastering MDI Return
Loss and Mode Conversion
Loss Test
 Part 3 – Mastering Transmitter
Droop, Distortion, Jitter and
Spectral Density Test
 Part 4 – Debugging PHY Layer
Link Communication Learning
Lab
Version 1.0 5
How to Become an Expert in Automotive Ethernet
Testing Part 1: Fundamentals of Compliance Test,
Validation and Debug
We will introduce Automotive Ethernet, compare the different
variants of Automotive Ethernet, and briefly introduce the test
requirements and testing/debug approaches.
Agenda
 What is Automotive Ethernet?
 Automotive Ethernet Terminology
 Variants of Automotive Ethernet
 Fundamentals of Automotive Ethernet Compliance Testing
 Test Equipment Requirements
 Summary
 Questions

Version 1.0 7
What is Automotive Ethernet?
We will provide a brief overview of Automotive
Ethernet, some of its benefits, and introduce the
different variants of Automotive Ethernet.

Version 1.0 8
Agenda
 What is Automotive Ethernet?
 Automotive Ethernet Terminology
 Variants of Automotive Ethernet
 Fundamentals of Automotive Ethernet Compliance Testing
 Test Equipment Requirements
 Summary
 Questions

Version 1.0 9
Industry Trends & Challenges
 In-vehicle electronics growing in
volume and complexity

 More data requires higher

transmission rates

 Auto makers seeking less costly

forms of wiring

 In-vehicle technologies must Source: Continental

meet strict requirements

Version 1.0 10
Automotive Ethernet is Enabling Vehicles of Tomorrow
What is Automotive Ethernet? Who Uses Automotive Ethernet?
 Any Ethernet-based network for  Primarily Automotive Industry
in-vehicle electrical systems
OEMs Tier 1 Tier 2

 Specifically tailored to meet the

needs of automotive industry

 Enables faster data

communication  Other applications
 Industrial automation
 Avionics

Version 1.0 11
What are some of the benefits of Automotive Ethernet?
 Higher bandwidth
 LIN: 19.2 Kb/s
 CAN FD: 15 Mb/s
 FlexRay: 10 Mb/s
 MOST: 25, 50, 150 Mb/s (shared)

 Low-cost cabling solution

 Reduces cable weight by ~30% and connectivity cost by ~80%*
*Source: Broadcom

 Engineered to meet stringent EMC/EMI and temperature grade automotive

requirements

 Software interfaces on upper layers of Ethernet stack is pre-existing

Version 1.0 12
Why Not Just Use “Standard Ethernet”?
 Limited use in automotive
environments

 4-pair Cat5/5e cabling and connectors

is heavy and costly
 Automotive Ethernet can be
unshielded and has no defined
connector

 Not designed for automotive

requirements
 Harsh environmental conditions
(temperature and mechanical)
 100m reach was not needed
 Very low standby power
 Stringent EMC requirements

Version 1.0 13
 There are Several Variants of Automotive Ethernet
Standard IEEE Data Rate Symbol Oscilloscope Encoding Topology
Spec Rate Bandwidth
10Base-T1S 802.3cg 10 Mb/s 12.5 350 MHz Manchester Full or half-
(Feb 2020) MHz duplex
Point-to-point,
Multidrop
BroadR-Reach 802.3bw 100 Mb/s 66.6 1 GHz PAM3 Full-duplex
100Base-T1 (Oct 2015) MHz Point-to-point
1000Base-T1 802.3bp 1000 Mb/s 750 MHz 2 GHz PAM3 Full-duplex
(June 2016) Point-to-point
MultiGBase-T1 802.3ch 2.5 Gb/s 1.4 GHz 4 GHz PAM4 Full-duplex
(June 2020) 5 Gb/s 2.8 GHz 8 GHz Point-to-point
10 Gb/s 5.6 GHz 13 GHz

 It is important to understand what is meant by “Automotive Ethernet”

 Each variant has a different use case in the vehicle and a different test requirements

Version 1.0 14
Automotive Ethernet Terminology
We will define key terminology for understanding Automotive
Ethernet topologies and signaling.

Version 1.0 15
Agenda
 What is Automotive Ethernet?
 Automotive Ethernet Terminology
 Variants of Automotive Ethernet
 Fundamentals of Automotive Ethernet Compliance Testing
 Test Equipment Requirements
 Summary
 Questions

Version 1.0 16
Automotive Ethernet Terminology to Define
 Full-duplex vs Half-duplex

 Topologies
 Point-to-point
 Multidrop

 Encoding
 PAM
 Manchester

Version 1.0 17
Full-duplex vs Half-duplex
 Full-duplex
 Communication happens in both directions simultaneously

Full-duplex

 Half-duplex
 Communication only happens in one direction at a time

Half-duplex

Version 1.0 18
Automotive Ethernet uses a Single Twisted Pair
SPE = Single Pair Ethernet
T1 = Single Twisted Pair
100Base-TX (Ethernet) 100Base-T1 (Automotive Ethernet)
Upstream and downstream use two different pairs Full-duplex operation over a single twisted pair
to form a full-duplex link

Upstream
Full-duplex
Downstream

1000Base-T (Ethernet) 1000Base-T1 (Automotive Ethernet )

Full-duplex operation over 4 twisted pair of wires Full-duplex operation over a single twisted pair

Full-duplex

Full-duplex

Full-duplex Full-duplex
Full-duplex

Version 1.0 19
A Single Twisted Pair Reduces Weight and Lowers Cost

Cat5 Ethernet Cable Single Twisted Pair

Source: eenews automotive

Reduces cable weight by ~30%

Source: Patchcords Online and connectivity cost by ~80%*
*Source: Broadcom

Version 1.0 20
Terminology to Define
 Full-duplex vs Half-duplex

 Topologies
 Point-to-point
 Multidrop

 Encoding
 PAM
 Manchester

Version 1.0 21
Automotive Ethernet Topologies
Point-to-point Multidrop
 Direction connections between  Bus like topology with multiple
two nodes nodes connected
 Master is directly connected to  Similar to CAN
the slave
 Half-duplex
 Can be full-duplex or half-duplex

PHY PHY
Source: Microchip

Version 1.0 22
Terminology to Define
 Full-duplex vs Half-duplex

 Topologies
 Point-to-point
 Multidrop

 Encoding
 PAM
 Manchester

Version 1.0 23
PAM Signaling uses Amplitude for Encoding

PAM = Pulse Amplitude Modulation

Modulation

Typical Signal

PAM signaling increases the throughput for the same baud rate
Version 1.0 24
PAM3 signaling Uses Logical +1, 0 and -1 for Modulation
 High and low
threshold is +1
set by the
receiver

 Three level
signaling is 0
called a
Ternary
Symbol

 4 level
modulation is
called PAM4 -1

Version 1.0 25
Differential Manchester Encoding
 Clock is
embedded

 Data sample
between
0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
clocked
edges
 Low to
High = 0
 High to
low = 1

Version 1.0 26
Variants of Automotive Ethernet
We will compare the different versions of Automotive Ethernet
and describe their applications.

Version 1.0 27
Agenda
 What is Automotive Ethernet?
 Automotive Ethernet Terminology
 Variants of Automotive Ethernet
 Fundamentals of Automotive Ethernet Compliance Testing
 Test Equipment Requirements
 Summary
 Questions

Version 1.0 28
 Automotive Ethernet Specification Releases

2.5GBase-T1
5GBase-T1
BroadR-Reach 1000Base-T1 10GBase-T1
Dec 2011 June 2016 June 2020

100Base-T1 10Base-T1S
Oct 2015 Feb 2020

Version 1.0 29
Overview of 100Base-T1
What is 100Base-T1? 100Base-T1 Topology
 100 Mb/s Automotive Ethernet  Full-duplex, point-to-point
 IEEE 802.3bw

 PHYs directly connected to the with a

 Originally specified as BroadR-Reach
single twisted pair

 PAM3 encoding
100 Mb/s

 Ethernet specifically tailored to meet

the needs of automotive industry PHY PHY
100 Mb/s

 Enables faster data communication

Version 1.0 30
What does a typical ADAS System look like?
Sensor Data Processing
Sensors Vehicle Systems
Processing & Fusion
Memory
10Base-T1S
CAN FD
LIDAR 1000Base-T1
LPDDR4
Engine ECU

Sensor Fusion 10Base-T1S

FlexRay
1000Base-T1
RADAR Module ABS ECU

PCIe Gen4
10Base-T1S
10G ENET Decision
FPD-LINK III
Data In
Processor
1000Base-T1 Gateway ECU LIN

GMSL Body Electronics

CSI-2
DPHY TX RX DPHY APIX ECU
Left Slave Master
Serializer
I2C
MultiGBase-T1
10Base-T1S
FPD-LINK III
GMSL
CAN Instrumentation
CSI-2
DPHY TX RX DPHY APIX ECU
Right Slave Master
Serializer
I2C
Camera
FPD-LINK III
Pre-Processor / USB DSI-2
DPHY TX RX DPHY
CSI-2
GMSL Deserializer 100Base-T1
HDMI
Infotainment Display
DPHY TX RX DPHY APIX 100Base-T1 Master Slave
Front Slave Master
Serializer I2C

I2C
AVB Ethernet Key
FPD-LINK III
GMSL Switch
CSI-2 Serial Data Link
DPHY TX RX DPHY APIX
Rear Serializer
Slave Master Analog Device
I2C

Digital Device
For a full webinar on ADAS
GPS 100Base-T1
Mixed Signal Device
search “ADAS” in our
on-demand webinars
Serial Data Phy

V2V
100Base-T1
V2I

Version 1.0 31
Embedded Systems Masters Series
 There is a full webinar series on debugging embedded systems here or
search “Embedded Systems” in our on-demand webinars
+12 Vdc Supply

Memory Power System Power Peripherals Power

Buck Buck Buck Buck Power Buck Buck Buck Buck Boost Buck Buck Buck
DC DC DC DC Management DC DC DC DC DC DC DC DC
DC DC DC DC DC DC DC DC DC DC DC DC
IC (PMIC)

LDO
DC DRAM Memory Oscillator
DC (DDR, LPDDR)

LDO LDO LDO LDO

DC DRAM Memory DC DC DC
DC (DDR, LPDDR) DC DC DC

LDO
DC DRAM (DDR) Power VSS VCORE VCC-A VCC-PLL CKIN CKOUT VCC-A
EEPROM
DC Memory Management
Control Interface 12-bit ADC Analog Sensor
LDO
2
DC Flash Interface (I C, PMbus, 12-bit ADC Analog Sensor
DC Memory SMbus, SPMI)
I2C Small LCD
LDO I2C
ROM Driver
DC SPI or QSPI
DC BIOS Sensor/
SPI Actuator
Bulk UFS/MPHY,
Storage SATA, NVME SPI Control Device
Embedded System SPI Actuator
High-speed MCU SPI Shift Register
Key
Analog Signal I2S Audio Output
Power Rail Initialize High-Speed High-speed
PWM Signal Reset Serial Data Serial PHY
Digital Signal Trigger In/Out
Serial Data Signal Power ON Reset
Parallel Data Bus Timer/Counter
Interrupt 1000
Analog Device PWM GPIO Base-T UART FlexRay CAN FD USB 2.0

Digital Device
1000
UART FlexRay CAN FD USB 2.0
Base-T
Power Conversion Device PHY PHY PHY PHY
PHY

Mixed Signal Device

Serial Data Phy

Version 1.0 32
Applications for 100Base-T1
 Infotainment
 Replaces exiting technologies Memory

(MOST, LVDS) which used

10Base-T1S
CAN FD
LIDAR 1000Base-T1
LPDDR4
Engine ECU

heavier and more expensive Sensor Fusion 10Base-T1S

1000Base-T1 FlexRay
RADAR Module ABS ECU

cabling
PCIe Gen4
10Base-T1S
10G ENET Decision
FPD-LINK III
Data In
Processor
1000Base-T1 Gateway ECU LIN

GMSL Body Electronics

CSI-2
DPHY TX RX DPHY APIX ECU
Left Slave Master
Serializer
2
IC
MultiGBase-T1
10Base-T1S
FPD-LINK III
GMSL
CAN Instrumentation
CSI-2
DPHY TX RX DPHY APIX ECU

 Passive ADAS
Right Slave Master
Serializer
2
IC
Camera
FPD-LINK III
Pre-Processor / USB DSI-2
DPHY TX RX DPHY
CSI-2
GMSL Deserializer 100Base-T1
HDMI
Infotainment Display
DPHY TX RX DPHY APIX 100Base-T1 Master Slave

 Systems that provide driver with

Front Slave Master
Serializer I2C
2
IC
AVB Ethernet Key
FPD-LINK III
Switch

an alert or notification
CSI-2 GMSL Serial Data Link
DPHY TX RX DPHY APIX
Rear Serializer
Slave Master Analog Device
I2C

Digital Device

 Lane departure warning, GPS 100Base-T1

Mixed Signal Device

backup camera
Serial Data Phy

V2V
100Base-T1
V2I

Version 1.0 33
 Automotive Ethernet Specification Releases

2.5GBase-T1
5GBase-T1
BroadR-Reach 1000Base-T1 10GBase-T1
Dec 2011 June 2016 June 2020

100Base-T1 10Base-T1S
Oct 2015 Feb 2020

Version 1.0 34
Overview of 1000Base-T1
What is 1000Base-T1?
 1 Gb/s Automotive Ethernet
 IEEE 802.3bp
 PAM3 encoding
1000Base-T1 Topology
 Full-duplex, point-to-point
 PHYs directly connected to the
with a single twisted pair
1 Gb/s

 Provides more bandwidth to

enable additional applications PHY PHY
1 Gb/s

Version 1.0 35
Applications for 1000Base-T1
 Active ADAS
 Systems connected to actuators Memory

and can take control of vehicle

10Base-T1S
CAN FD
LIDAR 1000Base-T1
LPDDR4
Engine ECU

Sensor Fusion
 Lane departure assist,
10Base-T1S
1000Base-T1 FlexRay
RADAR Module ABS ECU

automated emergency breaking

PCIe Gen4
10Base-T1S
10G ENET Decision
FPD-LINK III
Data In
Processor
1000Base-T1 Gateway ECU LIN

GMSL Body Electronics

CSI-2
DPHY TX RX DPHY APIX ECU
Left Slave Master
Serializer
2
IC
MultiGBase-T1
10Base-T1S
FPD-LINK III
GMSL
CAN Instrumentation

 Backbone
CSI-2
DPHY TX RX DPHY APIX ECU
Right Slave Master
Serializer
2
IC
Camera
FPD-LINK III
Pre-Processor / USB DSI-2
DPHY TX RX DPHY
CSI-2
GMSL Deserializer 100Base-T1
HDMI
Infotainment Display

 “Highway” for in-vehicle data

DPHY TX RX DPHY APIX 100Base-T1 Master Slave
Front Slave Master
Serializer I2C
2
IC
AVB Ethernet Key

transfer
FPD-LINK III
GMSL Switch
CSI-2 Serial Data Link
DPHY TX RX DPHY APIX
Rear Serializer
Slave Master Analog Device
I2C

Digital Device

Mixed Signal Device

GPS 100Base-T1

Serial Data Phy

V2V
100Base-T1
V2I

Version 1.0 36
 Automotive Ethernet Specification Releases

2.5GBase-T1
5GBase-T1
BroadR-Reach 1000Base-T1 10GBase-T1
Dec 2011 June 2016 June 2020

100Base-T1 10Base-T1S
Oct 2015 Feb 2020

Version 1.0 37
Overview of 10Base-T1S
What is 10Base-T1S? 10Base-T1S Topology
 10 Mb/s Automotive Ethernet
 Point-to-point
 IEEE 802.3cg
 All PHYs must support half-duplex
point-to-point
 Short reach
 Optional support for full-duplex
10 Mb/s
 15-meter reach
 Differential Manchester Encoding
PHY PHY
 Targeted for Automotive applications  Multidrop 10 Mb/s
to replace traditional IVN
 Optional topology, 10 Mb/s shared
among all nodes on bus
 Paves way for Ethernet from 10 Mb/s  8 or more nodes
to 10 Gb/s
 Removes need to manage multiple  25-meter bus length
technologies

Source: Microchip

Version 1.0 38
Applications for 10Base-T1S
 Lower bandwidth requirements
 Powertrain ECUs Memory
10Base-T1S
CAN FD
LIDAR 1000Base-T1
LPDDR4
Engine ECU

Sensor Fusion 10Base-T1S

 Sensors
1000Base-T1 FlexRay
RADAR Module ABS ECU

PCIe Gen4
10Base-T1S
10G ENET Decision
FPD-LINK III
Data In
Processor
1000Base-T1 Gateway ECU LIN

GMSL Body Electronics

CSI-2
DPHY TX RX DPHY APIX ECU
Left Slave Master
Serializer
2
IC
MultiGBase-T1
10Base-T1S

 Car body ECUs

FPD-LINK III
GMSL
CAN Instrumentation
CSI-2
DPHY TX RX DPHY APIX ECU
Right Slave Master
Serializer
2
IC
Camera
FPD-LINK III
Pre-Processor / USB DSI-2
DPHY TX RX DPHY
CSI-2
GMSL Deserializer 100Base-T1
HDMI
Infotainment Display
DPHY TX RX DPHY APIX 100Base-T1 Master Slave
Front Slave Master
Serializer I2C
2
IC
AVB Ethernet Key

 Microphones, speakers
FPD-LINK III
GMSL Switch
CSI-2 Serial Data Link
DPHY TX RX DPHY APIX
Rear Serializer
Slave Master Analog Device
I2C

Digital Device

Mixed Signal Device

GPS 100Base-T1

Serial Data Phy

V2V
100Base-T1
V2I

Version 1.0 39
Quick Aside: 10Base-T1S vs 10Base-T1L
What is 10Base-T1S? What is 10Base-T1L?
 10 Mb/s Automotive Ethernet  10 Mb/s Industrial Ethernet

 Short reach – 15m or 25m  Long reach – 1000m

 Differential Manchester Encoding  PAM3 Encoding

 Like 100/1000Base-T1

 Targeted for Automotive  Targeted for Industrial Automation

applications applications

 Why? - replaces traditional IVN  Why? SPE for non-automotive

Version 1.0 40
 Automotive Ethernet Specification Releases

2.5GBase-T1
5GBase-T1
BroadR-Reach 1000Base-T1 10GBase-T1
Dec 2011 June 2016 June 2020

100Base-T1 10Base-T1S
Oct 2015 Feb 2020

Version 1.0 41
Overview of MultiGBase-T1
What is MultiGBase-T1?
 Multi Gb/s Automotive Ethernet
 IEEE 802.3ch
 2.5GBase-T1 – 2.5 Gb/s
 5GBase-T1 – 5 Gb/s
 10GBase-T1 – 10 Gb/s
MultiGBase-T1 Topology
 Full-duplex, point-to-point
 PHYs directly connected to the
with a single twisted pair
10 Gb/s

 PAM4 encoding PHY PHY

10 Gb/s

 Provides more bandwidth to

enable additional applications

Version 1.0 42
Applications for MultiGBase-T1
 Autonomous Driving
 Lossless video transmission for Memory

image recognition
10Base-T1S
CAN FD
LIDAR 1000Base-T1
LPDDR4
Engine ECU

Sensor Fusion

 Connected to actuators and can

10Base-T1S
1000Base-T1 FlexRay
RADAR Module ABS ECU

take control of vehicle

PCIe Gen4
10Base-T1S
10G ENET Decision
FPD-LINK III
Data In
Processor
1000Base-T1 Gateway ECU LIN

GMSL Body Electronics

CSI-2
DPHY TX RX DPHY APIX ECU
Left Slave Master
Serializer
2
IC
MultiGBase-T1
10Base-T1S
FPD-LINK III
GMSL
CAN Instrumentation
CSI-2
DPHY TX RX DPHY APIX ECU
Right Slave Master
Serializer
2
IC
Camera
FPD-LINK III
Pre-Processor / USB DSI-2
DPHY TX RX DPHY
CSI-2
GMSL Deserializer 100Base-T1
HDMI
Infotainment Display
DPHY TX RX DPHY APIX 100Base-T1 Master Slave
Front Slave Master
Serializer I2C
2
IC
AVB Ethernet Key
FPD-LINK III
GMSL Switch
CSI-2 Serial Data Link
DPHY TX RX DPHY APIX
Rear Serializer
Slave Master Analog Device
I2C

Digital Device

Mixed Signal Device

GPS 100Base-T1

Serial Data Phy

V2V
100Base-T1
V2I

Version 1.0 43
What’s Next for Automotive Ethernet?
25/50 G Ethernet
 IEEE 802.3cy Memory
10Base-T1S
CAN FD
LIDAR 1000Base-T1 Engine ECU

 Targeted for late 2023

LPDDR4

Sensor Fusion 10Base-T1S

FlexRay
1000Base-T1
Module ABS ECU

 Deployment 2030
RADAR

PCIe Gen4
10Base-T1S
10G ENET Decision
FPD-LINK III
Data In
Processor
1000Base-T1 Gateway ECU LIN

GMSL Body Electronics

CSI-2
DPHY TX RX DPHY APIX ECU
Left Slave Master
Serializer
2
IC
MultiGBase-T1
10Base-T1S
FPD-LINK III
Instrumentation

 Ideal for data transmission to

CAN
GMSL
CSI-2
DPHY TX RX DPHY APIX ECU
Right Slave Master
Serializer
2
IC
Camera
Pre-Processor /

central system for processing

FPD-LINK III USB DSI-2
DPHY TX RX DPHY
CSI-2
GMSL Deserializer 100Base-T1
HDMI
Infotainment Display
DPHY TX RX DPHY APIX 100Base-T1 Master Slave
Front Slave Master
Serializer I2C
2
IC
AVB Ethernet

and decision making (sensor

FPD-LINK III Key
GMSL Switch
CSI-2 Serial Data Link
DPHY TX RX DPHY APIX
Rear Serializer
Slave Master Analog Device
I2C

fusion)
Digital Device

Mixed Signal Device

GPS 100Base-T1

Serial Data Phy

V2V
100Base-T1
V2I

Version 1.0 44
Recap: Applications for Automotive Ethernet in the Vehicle
 10Base-T1S
 ECUs
 Sensors Memory
10Base-T1S
CAN FD
LIDAR 1000Base-T1
LPDDR4
Engine ECU

 100Base-T1 RADAR
1000Base-T1
Sensor Fusion
Module
10Base-T1S
FlexRay
ABS ECU

 Infotainment FPD-LINK III

Data In
PCIe Gen4
10G ENET Decision
Processor
1000Base-T1 Gateway ECU
10Base-T1S
LIN
Body Electronics

Passive ADAS
CSI-2 GMSL

 ECU
DPHY TX RX DPHY APIX
Left Slave Master
Serializer
2
IC
MultiGBase-T1
10Base-T1S
FPD-LINK III
GMSL
CAN Instrumentation
CSI-2
DPHY TX RX DPHY APIX ECU
Right Serializer

1000Base-T1
Slave Master


2
IC
Camera
FPD-LINK III
Pre-Processor / USB DSI-2
DPHY TX RX DPHY
CSI-2
GMSL Deserializer 100Base-T1
HDMI
Infotainment Display
APIX

Backbone
DPHY TX RX DPHY 100Base-T1 Master Slave


Front Slave Master
Serializer I2C
2
IC
AVB Ethernet Key
Active ADAS
FPD-LINK III

 GMSL Switch
CSI-2 Serial Data Link
DPHY TX RX DPHY APIX
Rear Serializer
Slave Master Analog Device
I2C

Digital Device

 MultiGBase-T1
Mixed Signal Device
GPS 100Base-T1

Serial Data Phy

 Lossless video transmission V2V

V2I
100Base-T1

 Autonomous driving

Version 1.0 45
 Summary of Automotive Ethernet Variants
Standard IEEE Data Rate Symbol Scope Encoding Topology
Spec Rate Bandwidth
10Base-T1S 802.3cg 10 Mb/s 12.5 MHz 350 MHz Manchester Full or half-
(Feb 2020) duplex
Point-to-point,
Multidrop
BroadR-Reach 802.3bw 100 Mb/s 66.6 MHz 1 GHz PAM3 Full-duplex
100Base-T1 (Oct 2015) Point-to-point
1000Base-T1 802.3bp 1000 Mb/s 750 MHz 2 GHz PAM3 Full-duplex
(June 2016) Point-to-point
MultiGBase-T1 802.3ch 2.5 Gb/s 1.4 GHz 4 GHz PAM4 Full-duplex
(June 2020) 5 Gb/s 2.8 GHz 8 GHz Point-to-point
10 Gb/s 5.6 GHz 13 GHz

 It is important to understand what is meant by “Automotive Ethernet”

 Each variant has a different use case in the vehicle and a different test requirements

Version 1.0 46
Fundamentals of Automotive Ethernet
Compliance Testing
We will discuss the fundamentals of compliance testing and
how it is performed for Automotive Ethernet.

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Agenda
 What is Automotive Ethernet?
 Automotive Ethernet Terminology
 Variants of Automotive Ethernet
 Fundamentals of Automotive Ethernet Compliance Testing
 Test Equipment Requirements
 Summary
 Questions

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Two Organizations Involved in Automotive Ethernet Specs
IEEE OPEN Alliance
 Institute of Electrical and  One-Pair Ether-Net
Electronics Engineers
 Technical Committees (TCs)
 Ethernet specs are covered in define the specs as a group
the 802.3 specification
 Create Test Specs that are
 Automotive Ethernet specs are additive to IEEE spec
made as amenedments to the
802.3 spec

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Automotive Ethernet IEEE Spec vs OPEN Alliance Test Spec
IEEE Spec Test Specs
 Overview of tests to be  Details about test steps,
performed equipment setup, etc.

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Categories of Automotive Ethernet Test Specs
 Electrical Signaling: Physical Media Attachment (PMA)
 Determine if product conforms to electrical transmitter and receiver
specifications

 Physical Coding Sublayer (PCS) & PHY Control

 Evaluates functionality of the protocol

 There are test specs for other elements

 Common Mode Choke (CMC), Communication Channel
 EMC, ESD
 ECU, Switches

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Automotive Ethernet PHY Compliance Testing
Why? When?
 Compliance to an agreed upon  Beginning of OEM design cycle
 Need assurance that PHY chip meets
set of limits promotes requirements early in design cycle
interoperability
 Interoperability gives OEMs and  Once the PHY chip has been
incorporated into the ECU
Tier1s options when designing  Full or a subset of compliance tests

Who? How?
OEMs Tier 1 Tier 2  Manually

 Automated compliance software

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Why use Automated Compliance Software?
 Automation will greatly decrease the test time
 Complete testing takes less than 10 minutes

 Complete documentation of test results

 You don’t need to be an expert to perform testing

 Software guides you through each step

 Results are fully repeatable – tested the same way every time

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 Guides the User Through the Each Step
 Prompts notify user to output  Detailed connection diagrams
correct test pattern ensure the proper setup

Part 2 and Part 3 of our

Automotive Ethernet Master
Series will go into more details

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Fully Documented Report Automatically Generated
 Report conations:
 Test values
 Specified test limits
 Screen captures

 Can be created as:

 HTML
 PDF
 XML

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Fully Documented Report Automatically Generated

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Is Compliance Testing Enough?
 Characterization and optimization is easier to perform before running
compliance testing

 Compliance does not guarantee interoperability

 Transmitter requirements are well defined, the receiver is left up to the
implementer

 Does not account for systems level operation

 A decoder can identify issues not found during compliance

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Dedicated Debug Environment to Detect Signal Quality Issues
 Beyond Compliance
 Finds issues that would not be
identified during compliance testing

 Debug signal quality link

communication issues

 Characterize system performance

with 12 eye diagram measurement
parameters

 Enable equalization to visualize how

the signal appears at the receiver

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 Debug Tools for Link Startup
 Track where
the devices
are in the
handshaking
sequence

 Determine the
cause of a
proper link not
being
established
Part 4 of our
Automotive Ethernet
Master Series will go
into more details
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Test Equipment Requirements
We will provide an overview of the test equipment required
for Automotive Ethernet compliance testing.

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Agenda
 What is Automotive Ethernet?
 Automotive Ethernet Terminology
 Variants of Automotive Ethernet
 Fundamentals of Automotive Ethernet Compliance Testing
 Test Equipment Requirements
 Summary
 Questions

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Physical Layer Compliance Test Equipment Requirements
 Oscilloscope with automated  Automotive Ethernet Test
compliance software Fixture
 2 SMA cables
 Oscilloscope with Spectral  2 SMA-BNC Adapters
Analysis capability or Spectrum
Analyzer  Differential Probe

 Disturbing Sine Wave Generator  Vector Network Analyzer

 2 BNC cables
 2 BNC-SMA adapters

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 Physical Layer Compliance Test Equipment Requirements

Standard Data Rate Oscilloscope TDR Test Generator Differential

Fixture Probe
10Base-T1S 10 Mb/s 350 MHz 20 MHz SMA n/a n/a
Breakout
100Base-T1 100 Mb/s 1 GHz 200 MHz Automotive 11.11 MHz 1 GHz
Ethernet
1000Base-T1 1000 Mb/s 2 GHz 600 MHz Automotive 125 MHz 2 GHz
Ethernet
MultiGBase-T1 2.5 Gb/s 4 GHz 1 GHz SMA n/a 4 GHz
5 Gb/s 8 GHz 2 GHz Breakout 8 GHz
10 Gb/s 13 GHz 4 GHz 13 GHz

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Comprehensive Compliance Testing from Teledyne LeCroy
Support for:
 10Base-T1S
 100Base-T1
WavePulser
 TC8 High-speed Interconnect Analyzer
High Definition Oscilloscopes
 1000Base-T1

 Includes all
PMA tests Arbitrary Waveform Generator

Automotive Ethernet Fixtures

Compliance and debug software

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Closing Comments

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Summary
 Automotive Ethernet enables faster data communication to meet the
demands of today’s vehicles and the connected vehicles of the future

 Each variant of Automotive Ethernet was tailored for specific

applications in the vehicle

 The testing requirements and strategy will vary between each variant of
Automotive Ethernet

 Teledyne LeCroy provides comprehensive compliance testing for

Automotive Ethernet

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Live Webinar, Events and Training Schedule
https://teledynelecroy.com/events/
 View forthcoming live
events by date
 Select to register for the
event
 View On Demand Webinars
 Select in upper right
corner

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 On-demand Webinars You May Find of Interest
 Automotive Ethernet and Transmitter Distortion Testing

 Automotive Ethernet Physical Layer Compliance Testing

 Debugging Automotive Ethernet Links

 Automotive Ethernet Hands-on Workshop: Debugging PHY

Layer Link Communication

 Hands-on Automotive Ethernet Physical Layer Compliance

Memory
10Base-T1S
CAN FD
LIDAR 1000Base-T1
LPDDR4
Engine ECU

Testing
Sensor Fusion 10Base-T1S
FlexRay
1000Base-T1
RADAR Module ABS ECU

PCIe Gen4
10Base-T1S
10G ENET Decision
FPD-LINK III
Data In
Processor
1000Base-T1 Gateway ECU LIN

GMSL Body Electronics

CSI-2
DPHY TX RX DPHY APIX ECU
Left Slave Master
Serializer
I2C
MultiGBase-T1
10Base-T1S
FPD-LINK III
GMSL
CAN Instrumentation
CSI-2
DPHY TX RX DPHY APIX ECU
Right Slave Master
Serializer
I2C
Camera
FPD-LINK III
Pre-Processor / USB DSI-2
DPHY TX RX DPHY
CSI-2
GMSL Deserializer 100Base-T1
HDMI
Infotainment Display
DPHY TX RX DPHY APIX 100Base-T1 Master Slave
Front Slave Master
Serializer I2C

I2C
AVB Ethernet Key
FPD-LINK III
GMSL Switch
CSI-2 Serial Data Link
DPHY TX RX DPHY APIX
Rear Serializer
Slave Master Analog Device

 Demystifying ADAS Serial Link Debug Requirements

I2C

Digital Device

Mixed Signal Device

GPS 100Base-T1

Serial Data Phy

V2V 100Base-T1
V2I

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Visit Us At: teledynelecroy.com/serialdata/automotive.aspx

 Complete information on our

Automotive Solutions
 Videos
 Application Notes
 Related On-demand
Webinars

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teledynelecroy.com/mauistudio
 Download MAUI
Studio to your PC

 50+ software
options for free
with registration,
including:
 Motor Drive
Analysis
 Three-phase
Power Analysis
 Harmonic
Analysis
 Vector Analysis

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Questions?
robert.mart@teledynelecroy.com
linkedin.com/in/bobmart/

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