SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem: Prof. James Won-Ki Hong

SDN/NFV and
Open Networking Ecosystem
Prof. James Won-Ki Hong
Dept. of CSE, POSTECH

jwkhong@postech.ac.kr
http://dpnm.postech.ac.kr
2016. 9. 7
SDN/NFV and Open

DPNM Networking Ecosystem
Lab. 1/84
Outline
 Challenges for Telcos
 SDN
 NFV
 Open Networking Ecosystem
 SDN/NFV Use Cases
 SDN/NFV for 5G
 Concluding Remarks
 Appendix
 Glossary
 References
 SDN Research at DPNM Lab., POSTECH
SDN/NFV and Open

Lab. 2/88
Challenges for Telcos
SDN/NFV and Open

Lab. 3/88
Carrier Networks
SGSN
EPC Core
Foreign Carriers
BSS OSS NMS EMS Web
PCRF
NAT DNS DHCP DPI Cache
HSS
Server Farm MME
Global Hub
GSR
eNodeB S-GW P-GW
Data
Center 1
Center
1
Router
Other
IX
Carriers
Core Router
Core Core Core

Router Router Router
GSR
SDN/NFV and Open

Lab. 4/88
 Data Explosion in Carrier (Telco) Networks
More Mobile More Traffic More Mobile Faster Mobile

Users Volume Video Speeds Increasing
2015 4.8 Billion 3.7 EB 55% of Traffic 2.0 Mbps CAPEX, OPEX
2020 5.5 Billion 30.6 EB 75% of Traffic 6.5 Mbps
Source: CISCO VNI Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast, 2015-2020
SDN/NFV and Open

Lab. 5/88
 The Change in Telco Business Paradigms
 Change in Business Models <Revenue Share>
Content Providers Telco
• Closed Market
(Feature phones) 70% 30%
Content Providers App. Stores

(App Developers) (Apple, Google)
• Open Market
70% 30%
(Smartphone)
• Telco’s Share? 0%
 TTM (Time to Market)
SDN/NFV and Open

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 The Business Expansion of Internet Players
 Business boundaries fade and value chain expands
 Competition in all sectors including connectivity business
Content Enabling Tech. Online Services Device

Content Enabling Tech. Online Services Device
iTunes App Store
iTunes
Apple TV App Store
Apple TV
AWS
Amazon AWS Kindle, Kindle Fire
Amazon Kindle, Kindle Fire
YouTube AdSense Google Play Chromecast Google

YouTube
Google TV AdSense Google Play Chromecast Google
AppEngine Glass
Google TV AppEngine Glass
Google Fiber
Google Fiber
Connectivity
PayTV
Connectivity
PayTV Cloud
e-Book
e-Book
Cloud
App market Telcos (e.g., AT&T, KT, China Telecom)
Music
Music
App market Telcos (e.g., AT&T, KT, China Telecom)
SDN/NFV and Open

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 Mobile Instant Messaging Apps (as of Jan. 2016)
WhatsApp (USA) KakaoTalk (Korea)
• Started: Nov. 2009 • Started: March 2010
• Active Users: 900 Million • Active Users: 48 Million
• Dominant: USA, Europe, Brazil, • Dominant: Korea (80% of Koreans use)
Mexico, India • Revenue from gaming, emoticon, finance
• Acquired by Facebook (Feb. 2014) • 90% drop in Telco SMS Usage for last 3
for $19B years in Korea
WeChat (China) Line (Korea/Japan)

• Started: Jan. 2011 • Started: June 2011
• Active Users: 650 Million • Active Users: 212 Million
• Dominant: China but growing in USA, • Dominant: Japan, Southeast Asia and South
Europe & Africa America
• Revenue from gaming, shopping, • Revenue from gaming, stickers, ads
banking
Source: Statista (www.statista.com)
SDN/NFV and Open

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In the current era, where costs are rising but rev-
enues and profits are continuously falling, how
can a Telco reduce CAPEX & OPEX and have a
flexible, agile and efficient operations environment
to have a chance to compete against Internet
players (such as Google, Apple, Amazon, Naver,
Kakao, etc.)?
 SDN/NFV = ‘Open Networking’ is a

promising solution
SDN/NFV and Open

Lab. 9/88
 Comparison to the Compute Paradigm
 Compute paradigm for the past few decades
 Benefits
• Open/flexible choices and cost-effective solutions for customers
• Rapid innovation (CPU, OS, Applications)
• Rich ecosystem
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
Lab.Networking Ecosystem 10/88
 Comparison to the Compute Paradigm
 SDN/NFV is changing the paradigm in networking area
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
SDN/NFV
(Open Networking)
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
SDN/NFV
 Legacy Network
BSS OSS NMS NMS NMS NMS EMS
Server Farm Center Router Core Router GSR GES Metro SW L3 L2
AAA Mail DNS Si
Firewall DPI Cache Cache NAT DHCP ACL IGMP STB
Si
DDNS VLAN
 SDN/NFV – Key to network evolution
Source: Ericsson-LG, 2016
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
SDN
 Software Defined Networking (SDN)
 Separates the control plane from the data plane
 Provides centralized management and authority
(SDN controller)
 OpenFlow (OF)
 The de facto standard protocol to communicate between
control & data planes
 Providing remote administration of
forwarding tables of switches
 Current SDN technologies are heavily
depending on OF Flow Table
Controller
Control Plane Mgmt.
 Benefits of SDN Data Plane Plane
OpenFlow
 Programmability
 Agility
 Flexibility
 CAPEX/OPEX saving Traditional Network SDN
 Vendor neutrality
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
NFV
 Network Function Virtualization (NFV)
 Leveraging standard IT virtualization technology to consoli-
date many network equipment types to reduce cost and im-
prove flexibility, operability, and maintainability
Virtualized Network Functions (VNFs)

VNF VNF VNF VNF VNF
NFV Infrastructure (NFVI) NFV Man-

Virtual Virtual Virtual agement and
Compute Storage Network Orchestration
Virtualization Layer
Compute Storage Network

Hardware Resources
High-level NFV Framework (ETSI NFV ISG)
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
NFV
 NFV Drivers
Source: SDx Central, 2016
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
SDN/NFV
 SDN/NFV Market Revenue Forecast
Source: SDx Central, 2015
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
Open Networking Ecosys-
tem
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
 Open Networking Reference Model
Programming Frameworks
Application Platforms
VM/VI Managers
Containers
Operating Systems
Virtual Machines
Management & Orchestration Open-O
Carrier Networking Functions
Network Controllers
Programmable Data Plane Services
Network Switch Operating Systems
Hardware Source: Huawei
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
 Hardware
 P4 (programming protocol-independent packet processors)
• declarative language for telling
forwarding-plane devices (switches,
NICs, firewalls, filters, etc) how to
process packets
• Characteristics
• Protocol Independency
• Target Independency
• Field Re-configurability
• Members
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
 Hardware
 OCP (Open Compute Project)
• Redesign hardware technology to efficiently support the growing
demands on compute & network infrastructure
• Break open the black box of proprietary IT infrastructure to achieve
greater choice, customization, and cost savings
• Projects
• Data Center • Members
• Certification
• Hardware Management
• Networking
• Open Rack
• Server Design
• Storage
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
 Network Switch Operating Systems
 ONL (Open Network Linux)
• Linux distribution for "bare metal" switches
• A collection of software packages, utilities, drivers, and abstractions to
run on OCP Switch hardware
• Members
Source: “Open Network Linux: A Programmer’s View”, Big Switch Networks
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
 Network Switch Operating System
 Indigo
• Open Source Project by BigSwitch
• Enables support for OpenFlow on physical
and hypervisor switches
• Components
• Indigo Agent
• H/W abstraction layer to make it
easy to integrate with the
forwarding and port
management interfaces of
physical- or virtual- switches
• LoxiGen
• Compiler that generates OpenFlow
marshalling/un-marshalling libraries
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
 OpenSwitch
• Linux based operating system originally developed by HP
 For OCP compliant hardware
• Includes full L2/L3 switching functions
 Routing / OpenFlow agents are included
• Members
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
 Open Network Linux vs. OpenSwitch
Open Network Linux OpenSwitch
Features / Functionalities
- OpenPlatform Distribution for NOS - Open NOS with full L2/L3 Switching
- Routing / OpenFlow agents NOT in- functionalities
cluded (only samples) - Routing/ OpenFlow agents are included
Target Hardware
OCP (Open Compute) Switch, Bare metal (White Box) Switch
Contributors
HP Enterprise, Accton, Broadcom
Big Switch Networks, Pica8, Accton
Intel, Qosmos, VMWare, Arista
License
Eclipse Public License and GPL for Kernel Apache License, v. 2.0
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
 Programmable Data Plane Services
 DPDK
• A set of libraries and drivers for fast packet processing
• Enables faster development of high speed data packet networking
applications
• Supported processors
• Intel x86, IBM Power 8, EZchip TILE-Gx and ARM
 FD.io
• Create a Platform that enables Data Plane Services
that are:
• Members
• Highly performant
• Modular and extensible
• Open source, Interoperable, Multi-vendor
• Usable in cloud, VMs, containers,
bare metal and others
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
 Open vSwitch
• Open source software switch used as a virtual switch in virtualized
server environments
• Leverages OpenFlow and Open vSwitch Database (OVSDB) man-
agement protocol
• Run on any Linux-based virtualization platform
• KVM, VirtualBox, Xen
• Members
Source: https://networkheresy.com/2011/06/06/an-extremely-
brief-conceptual-introduction-to-open-vswitch/
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
 Network Controllers
 ONOS (Open Network Operating System)
• Open source SDN network OS from ON.Lab
• The goal is to create a SDN OS for service providers (Carriers)
• Distributed Network OS
• Provides scalability, high availability, high performance and abstrac-
tions
• Members
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
 ODL (Open Day Light)
• A collaborative open source SDN project hosted by Linux Founda-
tion
• Most of the global network vendors are members
• Modular Open SDN platform for networks
• Provides a model-driven service abstraction platform
• Members
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
 Carrier Networking Functions
 OPNFV
• A carrier-grade, integrated, open source platform
• Accelerates the introduction of new NFV products and services
• Brings together network functions across compute, storage and
network virtualization in order create an end-to-end platform
• Members
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
 Management & Orchestration
 Open Source MANO (OSM)
• Develop an Open Source NFV
Management and Orchestration
(MANO) software stack aligned
with ETSI NFV
• Features
• End-to-end service fulfilment
• Enhanced platform awareness
extensions
• SDN underlay control
• Multi-site capability
• Multi-cloud VIM capability • Members
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
 OPEN-Orchestrator (Open O)
• open source unified orchestrator project for SDN/NFV
• Features
• End-to-End SDN/NFV
orchestration
• ETSI NFV MANO compliant
• Modular and multiplatform
• Service and resource
orchestration
• YANG and TOSCA support
• Members
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
 Virtual Machines
 Xen Project
• Hypervisor using a microkernel design
• Provides services that allow multiple OSes to execute on the same
computer hardware concurrently
• Supports multiple guest operating systems
• Linux, Windows, NetBSD, FreeBSD
• Supports multiple Cloud platforms
• CloudStack, OpenStack
• Members
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
 KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine)
• Full virtualization solution for Linux on x86 hardware
• Merged into the Linux kernel mainline in kernel version 2.6.20
• Supports multiple guest operating systems
• Linux, BSD, Solaris, Windows, Mac OSX
• Members
Source: http://www.linuxnix.com/what-is-kvm-virtualization-in-linux/
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
 Operating Systems
 Linux
• Best-known and most-used open source OS
• Assembled under the model of free and open-source software de-
velopment and distribution
• Popular mainstream Linux distributions
• Debian, Ubuntu, Linux Mint, Fedora, openSUSE, Arch Linux and Gen-
too
 FreeBSD
• OS for a variety of platforms which focuses on features, speed, and
stability
• Major differences with Linux
• Complete OS vs. a kernel and drivers only
• BSD license vs. copyleft GPL
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
 Containers
 Docker
• Automates the deployment of applications inside software contain-
ers
• Provides an additional layer of abstraction and automation of OS-
level virtualization on Linux
• Enables to package an application with all of its dependencies into
a standardized unit for software development
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
 Containers
 Docker
• Partners
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
Source: IBM Research Report: An Updated Performance Comparison of Virtual
 VMs vs. Containers Machines and Linux Containers, July 21, 2014
Passive Benchmarking with docker LXC, KVM & OpenStack, IBM
 Performance comparison
• The general result is that Docker is nearly identical to native per-
formance and faster than KVM in every category
I/O CPU
Network
Boot Time
Docker net=host: using host networking stack
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
 VMs vs. Containers
VMs Containers
Entire OS installation Multiple isolated user-space instances
Only libraries and components
Entire OS needed
needed for application
VM runs using emulation or Runs on the same kernel
virtualization on host OS
Independent to host OS Dependent to host OS (Linux)
Entire VM OS and disk images Much smaller, easier to package
Longer to start Faster to start
Security issues of running OS Security limited to app
Inefficient use of resources Efficient use of resources
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
 VM/VI Managers
 Kubernetes
• Open-source platform for automating deployment, scaling,
and operations of application containers across clusters of hosts
• Functionalities
• Auto-placement, auto-restart, auto-replication, auto-scaling
• Schedule across hosts
• Container grouping
• Load balancing
• Members
https://cloudplatform.googleblog.com/2015_01_01_archive.html
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
 VM/VI Managers
 Apache Mesos
• Open source distributed systems kernel
• Abstracts the entire datacenter into a single pool of computing re-
sources
• Mesos Framework
• Job Schedulers: Aurora, Chronos
• Container Orchestration / High Availability: Marathon
• Continuous Integration: Jenkins, GitLab
• Big Data: Hadoop, Spark, Storm, Kafka, Cassandra, Hypertable, MPI
• Containers: Docker
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
 VM/VI Managers
 OpenStack
• Open source software platform for cloud computing
• Mostly deployed as an IaaS (like Amazon EC2)
• Controls large pools of compute, storage, and networking re-
sources throughout a datacenter
• Core services
• swift (object storage), keystone (identity), nova (compute), neutron
(networking), cinder (block storage), glance (image service)
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
 Application Platforms
 Cloud Foundry
• Open platform as a service, providing a choice of clouds, developer
frameworks, and application services
• Makes it faster and easier to build, test, deploy and scale applica-
tions
• Runs on any cloud platform
• Members
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
 OpenShift
• Cloud Platform-as-a-Service open source developed by Red Hat
• Allows developers to quickly develop, host, and scale applications
in a cloud environment
• Members
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
 Programming Frameworks
 Node.js
• Cross-platform runtime environment for developing server-side web
applications
• Event-driven architecture capable of asynchronous I/O
• Designed to build scalable network applications
 Django
• Web framework, following the MVC(Model-View-Controller) architectural
pattern
• Written in Python
• Goal
• Ease the creation of complex, database-driven websites
• Reusability and pluggability of components
• Rapid development
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
 Open Source vs. Commercial Solutions
Open Source Commercial
Programming Frameworks
VM/VI Managers
Containers
Operating Systems
Virtual Machines
Management & Orchestra- Open-O
tion
Carrier Networking Functions
Network Controllers
Programmable Data Plane
Network Switch OS
Hardware
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
 A simple scenario for Open Networking Ecosystem
 Phase 1 – Infrastructure building & NFV Development
Frameworks
IDS Cache
VM/VI Managers
Firewall DPI Billing OS
Virtual Machines
Edge Cloud
Data Plane
Switch OS
P4 ASIC
Network Switch
OCP Switch H/W
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
 A simple scenario for Open Networking Ecosystem
 Phase 2 – Network & Service Configuration
Orchestration
Network Functions
Firewall DPI
Network Controller
Datacenter
Client
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
SDN/NFV Use Cases
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
SDN/NFV Use Cases
 ONOS CORD (Central Office Re-architected as a Datacenter)
 Key idea
• To concentrate distributed central offices to a re-architected datacenter
 Goal
• To construct cost-effective network by reducing CAPEX/OPEX
• Fast & flexible service provisioning
 Building blocks
• Commodity hardware
• ONOS, OpenStack, XOS, vOLT, vSG, vRouter, vG.Fast, …
Commodity Hardware
(White-Box Servers and Switches, I/O Blades)
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
SDN/NFV Use Cases
 R-CORD: Residential CORD
Source: http://opencord.org
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
SDN/NFV Use Cases
 E-CORD: Enterprise CORD
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
SDN/NFV Use Cases
 M-CORD: Mobile CORD
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
SDN/NFV Use Cases
 A-CORD: Analytics CORD
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
SDN/NFV Use Cases
 Transport SDN – KT
 [Challenge] Complex transport net-
work environment having multi-ven-
dor/domain/layer devices
 [Solution] Centralize device control
and PCE over multi-vendor devices
 [Challenge] OPEX increase by seg-

mented operations
 [Solution] Simplify and automate
provisioning processes
Source: “Carrier/WAN SDN: Commercially Deployed Transport SDN Plat-

form in Action”, KT
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
SDN/NFV Use Cases
 Transport SDN – KT
 Adopts open source SDN controller (OpenDaylight Helium Release)
• To reduce time and cost for development
 Integrates with legacy transport NMS
• Share inventory, topology, and fault information
 Defines Yang Model and use
in-memory DataStore for
fast path computation
• Real-time synchronization
for resource changes
 Adopts MSPP, OXC, and
PTN plugins
Source: “Carrier/WAN SDN: Commercially Deployed Transport

SDN Platform in Action”, KT
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
SDN/NFV Use Cases
 SDN Enabled Mobile Network
 NTT + NEC
• Launched LTE service in Jan. 2014, at Myanmar using vEPC
• Installed 50 LTE base stations across three cities
• Concurrently accommodated over 40 thousand LTE subscribers
 NTT DoCoMo
• Development of vEPC technology
• Plan to commercialize in Japan in March, 2016
• Aim to improve the performance of VoLTE 5  25%
r
Monito
VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM
io n/
ro vis
eNB eNB SGW SGW PGW PGW IMS IMS eNB PGW IMS p l
+ u rce ova
so rem
OS OS OS OS OS OS OS OS OS OS OS Re
HyperVisor HyperVisor HyperVisor HyperVisor HyperVisor
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
SDN/NFV for 5G
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
SDN/NFV for 5G
 IMT-2020 Vision (ITU)
Source: IMT Vision – Framework and overall objectives of

the future development of IMT for 2020 and beyond
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
SDN/NFV for 5G
 IMT-2020 Vision: 5G Key Features
 Network slicing
 Cloudlet computing
• <10ms latency, high reliability
 Flatter network and data
center consolidation
 Flexible mobility
 Massive signaling and
data demands
source: IMT Vision – Framework and overall

objectives of the future development of
IMT for 2020 and beyond
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
SDN/NFV for 5G
 5G Network Improvements for Cost, Latency,
Scalability
source: 5G and Wireless Broadband Evolution, Qualcomm
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
SDN/NFV for 5G
 METIS2020
 Date: 2012-11-01 ~ 2015-04-30
 Funded by European Commission, FP7
 Objective
• Develop the overall 5G radio access network design
• Provide the technical enablers needed for various 5G technologies
and components
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
SDN/NFV for 5G
 METIS2020
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
SDN/NFV for 5G
 SDN for 5G Network
Source: Underestimated Role of Software in 5G,

IEEE NetSoft 2015: Soft5G Workshop
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
SDN/NFV for 5G
 5G Network Slicing
 Key element in NGMN’s vision for 5G
 To enable the deployment of multiple logical networks as independent
business operations on a common physical infrastructure platform
 SDN/NFV
• Potential technical enablers to address 5G system requirements, especially
for operational sustainability and business agility
Governs the Governs its Slice
SDN controller via Server Context
Administrator Client
Server Context Server Context
Administrative
Client Context Client Context = Slice
SDN controller Support Virtual

Resource
Resources Resources
orchestration and Client
virtualization Support
Resource Group
Server Context Client Context
RG RG RG
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
SDN/NFV for 5G
 5G Network Architecture – 5G Forum
Source: 5G Forum White Paper 2.0
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
SDN/NFV for 5G
 5G Network Softwarization View – ITU IMT2020 FG
Source: ITU-T Focus Group IMT-2020: Report on Standards Gap Analysis
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
SDN/NFV for 5G
 5G Network Architecture – 5GPPP
Source: 5G NORMA project presentation by Simone Redana, “A

Novel Radio Multiservice adaptive network Architecture for 5G net-
works”
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
SDN/NFV for 5G
 5G Network Architecture – 5GMF (Japan)
(Fifth Generation Mobile Communications Promotion Forum)
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
SDN/NFV for 5G
 5G Network Architecture – KT
Source: HSN2016, Plenary, “KT 의 유무선 통합 네트워크에서의 SDN/NFV
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
SDN/NFV for 5G
 5G Network Architecture – SKT
Source: SK Telecom 5G White Paper, “SK Telecom’s View on 5G Vision, Architecture, Technology, and Spectrum”
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
SDN/NFV for 5G
 5G Modular Network Architecture – LGU+
Source: LGU+ 5G White Paper
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
SDN/NFV for 5G
 5G Network Architecture - China Mobile
URL: http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-T/focusgroups/imt-2020/Documents/Workshop-Turin/yachen-slides.pdf
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
SDN/NFV for 5G
 5G Network Architecture - China Mobile
URL: http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-T/focusgroups/imt-2020/Documents/Workshop-Turin/yachen-slides.pdf
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
SDN/NFV for 5G
 5G Network Architecture - Deutch Telekom
URL: https://johannesbergsummit.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2014/11/Monday_3_Franz-Seiser.pdf
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
SDN/NFV for 5G
 5G Network Architecture - Nokia
URL: https://johannesbergsummit.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2014/11/Tuesday_2_Peter-Merz.pdf
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
NetSoft 2016 (http://netsoft2016.org)
 Conference (June 6-10, 2016)
 7 keynote speakers
 57 technical papers
 Workshops
 SDN and IoT
 Open-Source Software Networking (OSSN)
 Software Defined 5G Networks (Soft5G 2016)
 Security in Virtualized Networks (Sec-VirtNet 2016)
 Tutorials
 Smart Applications on Virtual Infrastructure (SAVI)
 NFV Management and Orchestration in the Age of 5G
 P4
 Central Office Re-architected as a Data Center (CORD)
 Powering Internet of Things with Cloud and NFV
 Software Defined Network Security – In Practice
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
SDN/NFV Forum
 Website
 http://www.sdnnfv.org/
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
IJNM
 International Journal of Network Management
 EiC: Prof. James Won-Ki Hong
 Impact Factor: 0.283, SCI(E)
 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/(ISSN)1099-1190
 Keywords
 SDN/NFV
 IoT Management
 Computer networks
 Telecommunications networks
 Network & service management
 Network monitoring and analysis
 Network security
 Etc…
 Virtual Issue
 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/(
ISSN)1099-1190/homepage/VirtualIssuesPage.html
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
Concluding Remarks
 Urgent need to reduce CAPEX & OPEX by Telcos
 Need for more flexible, agile, efficient infrastructure to reduce
Time-to-Market of new services & to be competitive
 SDN/NFV = ‘Open Networking’ is a promising solution
 Many related startups in US & Europe, very few in Korea
 Global vendors (including Ericsson, Huawei, Nokia, HP) are
actively participating
 Korean vendors (including Samsung) need to participate
more on these open networking R&D projects
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
Appendix
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
Glossary
• BSS: Business Support Systems • PTN: Packet Transport Network
• OSS: Operations Support Systems • RNE: Radio Network Elements
• GSR: Gigabit Switch Router • CNE: Core Network Elements
• ACR: Access Control Router • FuAg: Function Agent
• RAS: Radio Access Station • SE: Switching Elements
• vOLT: virtual Optical Line Terminal • RAT: Radio Access Technology
• vSG: virtual Subscriber Gateway • MBH: Mobile BackHaul
• RRU: Remote Radio Unit • MFH: Mobile FrontHaul
• BBU: BaseBand Unit • FQAM: Frequency & Quadrature Amplitude
Modulation
• SON: Self-Organizing Networks
• SCMA: Sparse Code Multiple Access
• GPON: Gigabit Passive Optical Network
• NOMA: Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access
• ONT: Optical Network Terminal
• SOMA: Semi Orthogonal Multiple Access
• PCE: Path Computation Element
• D2D: Device To Device
• MSPP: Multi Service Provisioning Platform
• eMTC: enhanced Machine-Type Communica-
• OXC: Optical Cross-Connect
tion
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
References (1/2)
 Hardware
 P4 – http://p4.org
• P4 Introduction/Tutorial 2016 –
http://www.eventbrite.com/e/p4-introductiontutorial-2016-tickets-23066146465
• P4 Workshop 2016 –
https://www.eventbrite.com/e/p4-workshop-2016-tickets-22712549848
 OCP - http://www.opencompute.org/
 ONL - https://opennetlinux.org/
 OpenSwitch – http://www.openswitch.net/
 Indigo - http://www.projectfloodlight.org/indigo/
 DPDK - http://dpdk.org/
 FD.io - https://fd.io/
 Open vSwitch - http://openvswitch.org/
 ONOS - http://onosproject.org/
 OpenDaylight - https://www.opendaylight.org/
 Carrier Networking Functions
 OPNFV - https://www.opnfv.org/
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
References (2/2)
 Open O - https://www.open-o.org/
 OSM - https://osm.etsi.org/
 Xen – http://www.xenproject.org/
 KVM - http://www.linux-kvm.org/page/Main_Page
 Operating Systems
 Linux - http://www.linuxfoundation.org/
 FreeBSD - https://www.freebsd.org/
 Containers
 Docker - https://www.docker.com/
 VM/VI Managers
 Kubernetes - http://kubernetes.io/
 OpenStack - https://www.openstack.org/
 Mesos - http://mesos.apache.org/
 Cloud Foundry - https://www.cloudfoundry.org/
 OpenShift - https://www.openshift.com/
 Programming Frameworks
 Node.js - https://nodejs.org/en/
 Django - https://www.djangoproject.com/
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
SDN Research at
DPNM Lab., POSTECH
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
Adaptive Control Plane Management
 Research Goal
 Develop a system to optimize SDN control plane
• Analysis on the causes of control plane overhead
• Scheduling algorithm between data-control planes
Source: Jian Li, Jae-Hyoung Yoo, and James Won-Ki Hong, "Dynamic Control Plane
Management for Software-Defined Networks", International Journal of Network Man-
agement (IJNM). vol. 26, no.2, Mar./Apr., 2016, pp. 111-130. (SCIE)
URL: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/nem.v26.2/issuetoc?campaign=woletoc
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
SDN Traffic Engineering
 Research Goal
 Develop a dynamic traffic engineering algorithm to reduce
energy consumption
• Optimal topology composition
• Link load balancing
Source: Yoonseon Han, Sin-seok Seo, Jian Li, Jonghwan Hyun, Jae-Hyoung
Yoo, James Won-Ki Hong, "Software Deﬁned Networking-based Trafﬁc Engineer-
ing for Data Center Networks", APNOMS 2014, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Sept. 17-19,
2014.
URL: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=6996601&tag=1
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
SDN Traffic Engineering
Optimal Topology Composition
Network Topology and
Link Capacity
Traffic Engineering Manager

Long-term Cycle Optimal Topology Traffic Matrix
(hour)/
(~hours) Composition Failure Info. Traffic Load Balancing
Switch & Link On/Off Status
Short-term Cycle Traffic Traffic Matrix

(min or sec)/
(~minutes) Load Balancing Failure Info.
Available Link Capacity
Failure Occurrence Failure Recovery Failure Info./

Link Statistics
Failure Recovery
Switch & Link On/Off Flow Table Update
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
Reliable SDN
 Research Goal
 Develop a fast-failover algorithm for large size SDN Net-
work
• Optimal traffic bypass algorithm
• A strategy to maintain alternative
route for failure
Heuristic 6.349s
101
Proposed
Execution Time (second)
100
176 times
10-1
0.036s
10-2
10-3
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000

Number of Hosts
Source: Jian Li, JongHwan Hyun, Jae-Hyoung Yoo, Seongbok Baik, James Won-Ki Hong, "Scalable
Failover Method for Data Center Networks Using OpenFlow", ManFI 2014, Krakow, Poland, May 5,
2014
URL: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=6838393
SDN/NFV DPNMand OpenLab.Networking Ecosystem 90/88
SDN SBI Extension
 LISP : a SDN South-bound API
Vertical VM
(SBI) extension LISP
Application
Handover Migration
 Locator Identifier Separation EventListener
Protocol (LISP) LISPSevice

LISP
• IETF standard Manager LISP
ProviderService
• Reduce RIB entries
LISPDevice
• Efficient for network virtualization LISP Provider
Provider
• Support device mobility LISPMessage LISPxTR
Listener Listener
 LISP subsystem development for
ONOS SDN controller LISPMessage
Handler
LISPxTR
Agent
• LISP protocol support as SBI
EID-RLOC-Map LISPxTR …
• LISP abstraction support LISP EID xTR
Device EID1 xTR1 LISPxTRImpl
LISP
EID2 xTR1 LISPxTR
Control
EID3 xTR2 Driver
Channel
xTR xTR
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
SDN with LISP
 Research Goal
 Define use-cases for Locator/Identifier Separation Protocol
(LISP)
• Ingress traffic engineering, inter DC VM migration,
vertical handover, disaster recovery
Source: Taeyeol Jeong, Jian Li, Jonghwan Hyun, Jae-Hyoung Yoo, and James Won-Ki Hong,
"LISP controller: a centralized LISP management system for ISP networks", International
Journal of Network Management (IJNM), vol. 25, no. 6, Nov./Dec., 2015, pp. 507-525.
URL: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/nem.1921/abstract
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
Network Service Virtualization
 Network service virtualization for 3rd party
 E2E Network Virtualization
• Address Virtualization
• Topology Virtualization SDN Controller #1 SDN Controller #2 ISP controller
• Policy Virtualization Physical

Network
 Multi-tenancy High-level
• Support over 100 tenants Network Virtualization
Platform
Network
• Virtual network isolation between tenants Hypervisor
Control Plane
 Automated virtual network management Data Plane
• High-level virtual network management with
Intents
• Automated virtual network composition
• Dynamic virtual network embedding and
management Virtual Network
Embedding Algorithm
Testbed
Source : Yoonseon Han, Jonghwan Hyun, and James Won-Ki Hong,

"Graph Abstraction Based Virtual Network Management Framework For
SDN", 2016 IEEE International Conferences on Computer Communica- Virtual Network #1 Virtual Network #2
tions (INFOCOM), San Francisco, CA, USA, Apr.10-15, 2016.
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open
VDC Embedding
 Research Goal
 Embedding Virtual Data Center into multiple datacenters
• Inter-DC VM migration and VDC consolation method
• Energy-aware VDC embedding algorithm
Source: Yoonseon Han, Jian Li, Jae Yoon Chung, Jae-Hyoung Yoo and James Won-Ki Hong, "SAVE: Energy-Aware
Virtual Data Center Embedding and Traffic Engineering using SDN", NetSoft 2015, UCL, UK, April 13-17, 2015.
URL: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=7116142
SDN/NFV DPNM
and Open

SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem: Prof. James Won-Ki Hong

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SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem: Prof. James Won-Ki Hong

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SDN/NFV and

Open Networking Ecosystem

Prof. James Won-Ki Hong

Dept. of CSE, POSTECH

SDN/NFV and Open

SDN/NFV and Open

SDN/NFV and Open

Core Core Core

SDN/NFV and Open

More Mobile More Traffic More Mobile Faster Mobile

Source: CISCO VNI Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast, 2015-2020

SDN/NFV and Open

Content Providers App. Stores

 TTM (Time to Market)

SDN/NFV and Open

Content Enabling Tech. Online Services Device

YouTube AdSense Google Play Chromecast Google

SDN/NFV and Open

WeChat (China) Line (Korea/Japan)

Source: Statista (www.statista.com)

SDN/NFV and Open

 SDN/NFV = ‘Open Networking’ is a

SDN/NFV and Open

Server Farm Center Router Core Router GSR GES Metro SW L3 L2

AAA Mail DNS Si

Firewall DPI Cache Cache NAT DHCP ACL IGMP STB

 SDN/NFV – Key to network evolution

Source: Ericsson-LG, 2016

Virtualized Network Functions (VNFs)

NFV Infrastructure (NFVI) NFV Man-

Compute Storage Network

High-level NFV Framework (ETSI NFV ISG)

Source: SDx Central, 2016

Source: SDx Central, 2015

Source: “Open Network Linux: A Programmer’s View”, Big Switch Networks

Docker net=host: using host networking stack

 [Challenge] OPEX increase by seg-

Source: “Carrier/WAN SDN: Commercially Deployed Transport SDN Plat-

Source: “Carrier/WAN SDN: Commercially Deployed Transport

HyperVisor HyperVisor HyperVisor HyperVisor HyperVisor

Source: IMT Vision – Framework and overall objectives of

source: IMT Vision – Framework and overall

source: 5G and Wireless Broadband Evolution, Qualcomm

Source: Underestimated Role of Software in 5G,

Server Context Server Context

SDN controller Support Virtual

Server Context Client Context

Source: 5G Forum White Paper 2.0

Source: ITU-T Focus Group IMT-2020: Report on Standards Gap Analysis

Source: 5G NORMA project presentation by Simone Redana, “A

Source: HSN2016, Plenary, “KT 의 유무선 통합 네트워크에서의 SDN/NFV

Source: LGU+ 5G White Paper

Traffic Engineering Manager

Short-term Cycle Traffic Traffic Matrix

Available Link Capacity

Failure Occurrence Failure Recovery Failure Info./

Switch & Link On/Off Flow Table Update

0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000

 Locator Identifier Separation EventListener

Protocol (LISP) LISPSevice

• Policy Virtualization Physical

Source : Yoonseon Han, Jonghwan Hyun, and James Won-Ki Hong,