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DNS/ENUM Server
Contents
10.1.2.2.6 DNS/ENUM Server

10.1.2.2.6 DNS/ENUM Server

• Application Scenarios
• Signaling Flow

The domain name server (DNS) and E.164 number to URI mapping (ENUM) server are used for
conversion purposes in the IMS network.

• The DNS converts domain names to IP addresses.

• The ENUM server converts tel URIs to SIP URIs.

Table 1 describes the IMS network elements (NEs) that support DNS, ENUM, or Number
Portability (NP) query.

Table 1 IMS NEs that support DNS, ENUM, or NP query

Product NE Support DNS Query Support ENUM Query Support NP Query

CSC3300 Proxy-call Yes. No. No.

session
control
function (P-
CSCF)

Serving-call Yes. Yes. Yes.

session
control
function (S-
CSCF)

Interrogating- Yes. Yes. Yes.

call session
control
function (I-
CSCF)

Border Yes. Yes. Yes.

control
function
(BCF)

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Product NE Support DNS Query Support ENUM Query Support NP Query

ATS9900 Advanced Yes. Yes. (You are advised Yes.

telephony not to enable the
server (ATS) ATS9900 to support
ENUM query.)

UGC3200 Multimedia Yes. No. Yes.

gateway
control
function
(MGCF)

UAC3000 Access Yes. (You are advised to No. No.

gateway integrate the DNS with
control the UAC3000.)
function
(AGCF)

Application Scenarios
The following describes the working principles of the DNS or ENUM server in the following call
scenarios: IMS-to-IMS calls, IMS-to-CS calls, and CS-to-IMS calls.
IMS-to-IMS Calls (Made by Dialing a SIP URI)
UE_A and UE_B are IMS subscribers, S-CSCF_A serves UE_A, and S-CSCF_B serves UE_B.
When UE_A calls UE_B by dialing UE_B's SIP URI, S-CSCF_A uses the domain name in the SIP
URI to query the DNS for the IP address of I-CSCF_B. Then, S-CSCF_A routes the call to
I-CSCF_B. Figure 1 shows the working principle of the DNS for IMS-to-IMS calls made by
dialing a SIP URI.
Figure 1 IMS subscribers calling IMS subscribers by dialing a SIP URI

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IMS-to-IMS Calls (Made by Dialing a tel URI)

UE_A and UE_B are IMS subscribers, S-CSCF_A serves UE_A, and S-CSCF_B serves UE_B.
When UE_A calls UE_B by dialing UE_B's tel URI, S-CSCF_A uses the tel URI to query the
ENUM server for the corresponding SIP URI and then uses the domain name in the SIP URI to
query the DNS server for the IP address of I-CSCF_B. Then, S-CSCF_A routes the call to
I-CSCF_B. Figure 2 shows the working principle of the DNS/ENUM server for IMS-to-IMS calls
made by dialing a tel URI.
Figure 2 IMS subscribers calling IMS subscribers by dialing a tel URI

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IMS-to-CS Calls
UE_A is an IMS subscriber, UE_B is a CS subscriber, and S-CSCF_A serves UE_A. When UE_A
calls UE_B, S-CSCF_A uses the tel URI to query the ENUM server. If the ENUM server does not
find a record that matches the tel URI, it returns a failure response. Then, S-CSCF_A considers
UE_B as a non-IMS subscriber and routes the call to MGCF_A based on the route analysis result.
Figure 3 shows the working principle of the ENUM server for IMS-to-CS calls.
Figure 3 IMS subscribers calling CS subscribers

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Signaling Flow
Figure 4 shows the signaling flow for IMS NEs to query the DNS/ENUM server. For details about
which IMS NEs support DNS, ENUM, or NP query, see Table 1. DNS query refers to NAPTR,
SRV, A, or AAAA query.
Figure 4 Signaling flow for IMS NEs to query the DNS/ENUM server

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Serial Routing Number and Domain Description

Number Direction Name Processing

1 Previous When an NE receives a In practice, a call is routed to the NE for number

hop -> NE tel URI, for example, analysis or DNS query based on a specific route
tel:12345678, it scheme.
identifies the tel URI as
the E.164 number
12345678.

2 NE -> The NE converts the The NE sends a query request to the ENUM server. (The
ENUM E.164 number to ENUM server address is specified when links are
server 8.7.6.5.4.3.2.1.e164.arpa. configured for interworking between the NE and the
ENUM server.)

3 ENUM The ENUM server The ENUM server returns a response to the NE. (The
server -> obtains the NE address is specified when links are configured for
NE corresponding record interworking between the ENUM server and NE.)
and uses the regular
expression in the record NOTE:
to convert the E.164 If the NE fails to query the ENUM server, it can query the NP
number to a SIP URI. In server based on configuration data. For details, see S-CSCF
this way, the NE obtains Route Analysis, I-CSCF Route Analysis, and BCF Route

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Serial Routing Number and Domain Description

Number Direction Name Processing
the SIP URI and the Analysis.
domain name that does
not contain protocol
information, ims.com.

4 NE -> Based on the domain The NE sends a query request to the DNS. (The DNS
DNS name that does not address is specified when links are configured for
contain protocol interworking between the NE and the DNS.)
information (ims.com),
the NE performs name NOTE:
authority pointer When the transmission protocol between the NE and the next
(NAPTR) query. hop is unknown (for example, when the Request-URI in the
INVITE message does not contain a protocol name), the NE
needs to perform NAPTR query.

5 DNS -> The DNS finds the The DNS returns a response to the NE. (The NE address
NE corresponding record is specified when links are configured for interworking
and obtains the domain between the DNS and NE.)
name that contains
protocol information,
_sip._udp.ims.com.

6 NE -> Based on The NE sends a query request to the DNS. (The DNS
DNS _sip._udp.ims.com, the address is specified when links are configured for
NE performs an SRV interworking between the NE and the DNS.)
query.

7 DNS -> The DNS obtains the The DNS returns a response to the NE. (The NE address
NE domain name and port is specified when links are configured for interworking
number of the target NE, between the DNS and NE.)
ne.ims.com:5060.

8 NE -> Based on The NE sends a query request to the DNS. (The DNS
DNS ne.ims.com:5060, the address is specified when links are configured for
NE performs an A query. interworking between the NE and the DNS.)

NOTE:
The NE performs an A query to obtain an IPv4 address and an
AAAA query to obtain an IPv6 address. Generally, the NE
performs an A or AAAA query only once. If the NE performs
the A and AAAA queries, it obtains only one IP address for
routing purposes.

9 DNS -> The DNS server obtains The DNS returns a response to the NE. (The NE address
NE the IPv4 address of the is specified when links are configured for interworking
target NE. between the DNS and NE.)

10 NE -> Based on ne.ims.com, The NE sends a query request to the DNS. (The DNS
DNS the NE performs an address is specified when links are configured for
AAAA query. interworking between the NE and the DNS.)

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Serial Routing Number and Domain Description

Number Direction Name Processing

11 DNS -> The DNS obtains the The DNS returns a response to the NE. (The NE address
NE IPv6 address of the is specified when links are configured for interworking
target NE. between the DNS and NE.)

12 NE -> Based on the IP address The NE routes the call to the next hop based on the
Next hop obtained from the A or next-hop address and port number.
AAAA query and the
port number obtained
from an SRV query, the
NE determines the next-
hop address.

Parent Topic: Basic Concepts

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