GENERAL AREA

FENCING
Safety and Health Officer
Certificate Programme

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 FACTORIES AND MACHINERY ACT 1967 [ACT 139] P.U. (A) 113/1983
(FENCING OF MACHINERY AND SAFETY) REGULATIONS 1970 (REVISED - 1983)
OBJECTIVES
• State the definitions of general area fencing

• List 8 reasons for general area fencing

• List 3 types of general area fencing

• List 6 features of general area fencing

• List 5 methods of general area fencing

• Explain the statutory requirements related to general area fencing

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SCOPE
• Definition
• Statutory requirements
• Requirement for fencing
• Types of fencing
• Fence characteristics
• Method of fencing
• Conclusion

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GENERAL AREA FENCING
Definition

“ Protect a hazardous area from unauthorised entry by

the erection or installation of a wire or rail ”

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Fence
• freestanding structure designed to restrict
or prevent movement across a boundary.
• Generally distinguished from walls by the
lightness of their construction and their
purpose.
• Walls are usually barriers made from solid
brick or concrete, blocking vision as well as
passage,
• while fences are used more frequently to
provide visual sectioning of spaces.

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NOSH GLOBAL SDN BHD 7
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ACT 1994

• Duty of employer and self-

employed
(Section 15 (2)(a)(b))

a) The provision and maintenance of plant

and systems of work that are, so far as
practicable, safe and without risks to
health

b) The making of arrangements for ensuring,

so far as practicable, safety and absence
of risks to health in connection with the
use or operation, handling, storage and
transport of plant and substances
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FACTORIES AND MACHINERY ACT 1967

• Factories and Machinery (Fencing of

Machinery and Safety) Regulations 1970

• Factories and Machinery (Safety, Health

and Welfare) Regulations 1970

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FACTORIES AND MACHINERY (FENCING OF MACHINERY AND SAFETY)
REGULATIONS1970

Provisions for:
• Installation of fencing for hazardous
machinery
• Types and construction of railings:
1) Wood,
2) pipe,
3) metal,
4) metal structure
• Specifications and dimensions for
railings

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FACTORIES AND MACHINERY (SAFETY, HEALTH AND WELFARE)
REGULATIONS 1970

Provisions for:
• Employer responsibility and compliance
• Responsibility of workers to use fencing

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FACTORIES AND MACHINERY (SAFETY, HEALTH
AND WELFARE) REGULATIONS 1970
Outlines situations where fencing is
necessary:
i. Floor openings
ii. Holes
iii. Pipes

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NECESSITY FOR FENCING
To prevent accidents caused by:
i. Falling into holes
ii. Falling to lower level platforms/areas
iii. Entanglement with a moving machine part
iv. Struck by falling object
v. Struck by moving object (robotic machinery)
vi. Exposed to hazardous materials/substances

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SITUATIONS REQUIRING FENCING
i. Floor openings
ii. Exposed edges
iii. Catwalk
iv. Manhole
v. Hazardous activities
vi. Hazardous processes
vii. Ramps
viii. Stairs

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TYPES OF FENCING
• Railings
• Screens
• Wire nettings
• Toe board

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Rails
Toe board
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FEATURES OF FENCING
i. Sturdy
ii. Resistant to harsh environmental factors
such as acidic environment
iii. Suitable and safe design
iv. Requires minimal maintenance
v. Provides required protection
vi. Fencing construction materials are not
hazardous to workers

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METHODS OF FENCING
i. Identify area to be fenced
ii. Select suitable type of fencing
iii. Ensure temporary controls
iv. Install suitable fencing
v. Observe administrative controls
such as signages, inspections etc

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Requirements by Law
PART I - GENERAL CONDITIONS
• Regulation 4. Fencing of machinery.
• Regulation 5. Provisions as to unfenced machinery.
• Regulation 6. Construction and maintenance of fencing.
• Regulation 7. Opening in fence.
• Regulation 8. Point of operation.
• Regulation 9. Construction of machinery.
• Regulation 10. Starting and stopping appliance.
• Regulation 11. Electrical apparatus.
• Regulation 12. Reciprocating movement of machine or material.
PART II - PRIME MOVERS
• Regulation 13. General provisions.
• Regulation 14. Exhaust gases.
• Regulation 15. Fuel tank.
PART III - TRANSMISSION MACHINERY
• Regulation 16. General provisions.
• Regulation 17. Mounting and dismounting belts.
• Regulation 18. Belt perches.
• Regulation 19. Lubrication of transmission machinery.
• Regulation 20. Power cut-off device.
• Regulation 21. Hoisting machine.
PART IV - DRIVEN MACHINERY
• Regulation 22. Abrasive, grinding, polishing and buffing machinery.
• Regulation 23. Machinery using rolls.
• Regulation 24. Woodworking saws.
• Regulation 25. Planning machine.
• Regulation 26. Spindle moulding machine.
• Regulation 27. Grooving and tenoning machine.
• Regulation 28. Chain-mortise machine.
• Regulation 29. Combined woodworking machine.
• Regulation 30. Agitating, stirring, or mixing machines.
• Regulation 31. Mincing machinery.
• Regulation 32. Grinding mills and pulverisers.
• Regulation 33. Centrifuges and hydro-extractors.
• Regulation 34. Power presses.
• Regulation 35. Guillotines.
• Regulation 36. Rubber knives.
• Regulation 37. Machine tools.
• Regulation 38. Tea rollers.
• Regulation 39. Bottle filling and capping machinery.
• Regulation 40. Conveyor machinery.
• Regulation 41. Other machines.
PART V - DUTIES AND LIABILITIES
• Regulation 42. Occupier's duty to comply.
• Regulation 43. Penalty.
• Regulation 44. Compoundable offences.
Reg. 3. Guard and guard rail.
• Every guard and guard rail shall
conform to specifications in the
First and Second Schedules to
these Regulations respectively.
Reg. 4. Fencing of machinery.
Every dangerous part of every:
• driven machine (jentera pacu)
• prime mover (penggerak utama)
• transmission machinery (Jentera penghantaran)
• shall be securely fenced in accordance with these
Regulations
• suitable for use in connection with machinery any type or
description of safety device
Fencing and guarding (Regulations)
Syarat Am
9 peraturan
(General Conditions)

Pengerak utama
3 peraturan
(Prime movers)

Jentera pemindah kuasa

6 peraturan
(Transmission machinery )
Fencing & Guarding
(FMA)
Jentera-jentera dipacu
20 peraturan
(Driven machinery )

Kewajipan dan tanggungan

3 peraturan
(Duties and liabilities )

Jadual
7 jadual
(Schedule)
Pembinaan dan penyenggaraan pagar
• Semua pagar/adang-adang
• – hendaklah dibina dengan sempurna
• - hendaklah sentiasa disenggara
• Terikat dengan selamat pada tempatnya setiap masa (operasi)
Lubang pada pagar (Reg. 7)
(Opening in fence)
• Lubang pada pagar tidak boleh mempunyai
dimensi yg membolehkan seseorang
menyentuh bahagian-bahagian jentera yg
bergerak
• Adang rel boleh dipasang jika kelegaan
antara jentera yg bergerak dan terdedah yg
berhampiran dengan adang rel tidak
kurang drp 12” tetapi tidak lebih drp 20”
Mata kendalian (Points of operation) (reg.8)
• Mata kendalian tiap-tiap mesin
hendaklah diadang dgn berkesan
Pembinaan jentera
• Rekabentuk
i. tiap2 skru set, pin, bolt, atau kunci pada
mana2 revolving shaft, spindle, wheel,
atau pinion hendaklah dibenamkan
(sunk)/ditutup atau sebaliknya diadang
utk mengelakkan bahaya
ii. Gear taji (Spur gear)/gear bergigi atau
friction gear – yg tidak perlu dilaraskan
sambal bergerak – ditutup (encased),
melainkan kedudukannya selamat
kepada pekerja
Gerakan reciprocating
(selingan) pada mesin/bahan
• Mesin yang melibatkan Gerakan
selingan (reciprocating) mengufuk
• –perlu kelegaan <18” – dgn
bahan/bahagian tetap yang ada pada
mesin
Prime movers (pengerak utama)
• Flywheel
• hendaklah dipagar dgn selamat
samada terletak dalam engine
house/tidak
• Tiap2 bahagian electric generator,
motor/rotary converter/flywheel yg
berkaitan hendaklah dipagar dgn
selamat
• Melainkan rekabentuk binaan
berkedudukan selamt kepada
pekerja
• Crank, cross heads, connecting rod, tail
rods, extension piston rods or cooling fan –
hendaklah dipagar kecuali telah dilindungi
dgn selamat
• Projecting rotating shaft, collar dan set
skrew pada rotating shaft hendaklah
dipagar – dikecualikan jika atas keperluan
utk pengoperasian (boleh guna pagar jenis
mudah alih)
Transmission machinery (Reg. 16)
• Tiap2 shaft pemacu yang dipasang
dalam jarak tinggi 6’6” dr
permukaan hendalah diadang
• Dengan kotak yang menutup shaft/ dgn
menggunakan kaedah lain yg sesuai
dgn tujuan mecegah bahaya
• Tiap2 parit/liang (trench/pit) pd lantai
utk maksud menempatkan mesin
pemindah kuasa
• ditutup dgn penutup (adang) serata dgn
lantai
atau
• Dipasang adang/toe-board –tinggi
sekurang2nya, 4” –pastikan tidak
berlaku gelincir
Pemacu geseran
(friction drivers) (Reg.16 (d))
• Titik sentuhan pemacu geseran – hendaklah
dipagar dan tiap-tiap lenggan/jari geseran
yg berlubang hendaklah dikepung dengan
adang semua sekali
Clutch (Reg. 13(e)
• Tiap2 clutch yg berada
- dlm jarak 6 kaki 6 inci dr
lantai/pelantar kerja- hendaklah
dipagar (dipagar penuh)
- Jika gigi gear terletak dlm rangka
mesin – tak perlu pagar KECUALI
berada pada jarak 2 kaki dr lubang
rangka mesin
Gear (Reg. 16 (f)
• Tiap2 rangkaian gear yg terdedah pada
kedudukan pada tinggi 6 kaki 6 inci dr
lantai/pelantar – hendaklah diadang dgn
cara berikut
i. Tutup semua sekali
ii. Jika roda jenis ceper (solid disc) –diadang
dgn adang bengkong yg mempunyai bebibir
yg terunjur ke dalam (menutup gigi gear)
• Jika gigi gear terletak dlm rangka mesin –
tak perlu pagar KECUALI berada pada jarak
2 kaki dr lubang rangka mesin
Pemacu gegancu dan rantai
(Reg. 16. (g))
• Tiap2 pemacu gegancu dan
pemacu rantai yg terdedah
pada kedudukan tinggi 6
kaki 6 inci dr lantai/pelantar
– hendaklah diadang
Schedule
• FIRST SCHEDULE.
• SECOND SCHEDULE.
• THIRD SCHEDULE.
• FOURTH SCHEDULE.
• FIFTH SCHEDULE.
• SIXTH SCHEDULE.
• SEVENTH SCHEDULE.
1St Schedule

Framework small Guard

H < 30”,
A < 10 kaki persegi
Rod pepejal (angle iron) = 3/8 ‘’ X ¾ ‘ X’1/8’

Braced Guards
2nd Schedule -Railing
3rd Schedule
4th Schedule
5th Schedule
6th Schedule
7th Schedule
CONCLUSION
• Fencing is required to:
• Prevent unauthorised entry
• Prevent accidents, unwanted incidents

• Statutory requirements related to

fencing are outlined in OSHA 1994
and FMA 1967

• Selection of fencing is dependent on

the type of activity or process, as well
as characteristics of the fencing itself

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