LECTURE 2 Aplikasi Komputer

Technology for Success: Computer Concepts Module 4
Operating Systems and File Management
Carey/Pinard/Shaffer/Shellman/Vodnik, New Perspectives Collection, Microsoft® Office 365® & Office 2019, 1st Edition. © 2020 Cengage. All Rights Carey/Pinard/Shaffer/Shellman/Vodnik, New Perspectives Collection, Microsoft® Office 365® & Office 2019, 1st Edition. © 2020 Cengage. All Rights
Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Lesson Objectives The Pros and Cons of Different Types of Operating

Systems
• Explain the pros and cons of different types of operating systems • Explain the differences between an operating system and system software
• Explain how an operating system works • Explain the differences between the major operating systems
• Personalize a computer operating system, as well as its software and • Identify the desktop components
hardware, to increase productivity
• Manages files and folders
Differences Between Operating Systems and Differences Between the Major Operating Systems (1 of 5)
System Software
Standard Operating System Functions
• System software: The software that runs a computer, including the
operating system and the utilities • Starting and shutting down a computer or device
• Managing programs
• Operating system (OS): a program that manages the complete operation of
your computer or mobile device and lets you interact with it. • Managing memory
o Platform • Coordinating tasks
• Configuring devices
o Most operating systems come installed on your computer or device
• Establishing an Internet connection
• Monitoring performance
• Providing file management
• Updating operating system software
• Monitoring security
• Controlling network access
Differences Between the Major Operating Systems (2 of 5) Differences Between the Major Operating Systems (3 of 5)
Operating Systems Features Desktop Operating Systems

• Graphical user interface (GUI) Table 4-2: Desktop operating systems
• Utilities OS Available for Notable features

Windows Desktop computers, Supports the Cortana virtual assistant, touchscreen input, HoloLens
• Software as a Service (SaaS) laptops, and some tablets headsets, and built-in apps such as the Microsoft Edge browser
• Open/closed source macOS Macintosh desktop Includes the Siri virtual assistant, coordination with Apple mobile
computers and laptops devices, and cloud file storage
UNIX Most computers and Multitasking operating system with many versions, as the code is
devices licensed to different developers
LINUX Desktop computers, Distributed under the terms of a General Public License (GPL),
laptops, and some tablets which allows you to copy the OS for your own use, to give to others,
or to sell
Chrome Chromebook laptops Based on Linux, uses the Google Chrome browser as its user
OS interface, and primarily runs web apps (an app stored on an Internet
server that can be run entirely in a web browser)
Differences Between the Major Operating Systems (4 of 5) Differences Between the Major Operating Systems (5 of 5)
Server Operating Systems Mobile Operating Systems

Table 4-3: Server operating systems Table 4-4: Mobile operating systems
OS Notable features OS Notable features

Windows Server The server version of Windows. It includes advanced security tools and a set of Android Developed by Google based on LINUX, and designed to be run on many types of
programs called Internet Information Services that manage web apps and smartphones and tablets
services. iOS Runs only on Apple devices, including the iPhone, iPad, and iPod; derived from
macOS Server Supports all sizes of networks and servers. One unique feature is that it lets macOS
authorized users access servers their iPhones or other Apple devices.
UNIX A multipurpose operating system that can run on a desktop PC or a server.
Many web servers, which are Internet computers that store webpages and
deliver them to your computer or device, use UNIX because it is a powerful,
flexible operating system.
Identify Desktop Components Explain How an Operating System Works

Desktop • Describe the purpose of an operating system
• Window • Describe how an operating system manages memory
• Menu • Outline the steps necessary for the boot process
• Dialog boxes • Explain how operating systems manage input and output
• File
o Data file
o Executable file
o File format
o File extension
• Folder
o Library
The Purpose of an Operating System Describe How an Operating System Manages Memory
• Responsible for coordinating the resources and activities on a computer Memory

• Manages interactions between hardware and software • Volatile memory
• Nonvolatile memory
• RAM (random access memory)
• Cache
• Virtual memory
• ROM (read-only memory)
• Flash memory
Steps in the Boot Process How Operating Systems Manage Input and Output
Boot Process Input and Output
1. The computer receives power from the power supply or battery and sends it • Input: any data and instructions
to the circuitry entered into the memory of a
2. The processor runs the bootstrap program device
3. The bootstrap program executes a series of tests to check the components • Output: information processed
into a useful form
4. The computer loads the operating system files into RAM, including the
kernel • Output is the goal of input
5. The computer loads the system configuration information and loads startup • Buffer/Spooling
programs
Personalize an OS to Increase Productivity Customize System Software (1 of 2)

• Customize system software Customize Settings—change default
• Customize hardware using system software settings
• Manage desktop windows • Change screen brightness
• Use administrative tools • Add desktop themes
• Adjust screen resolution
• Adding a sound scheme
• Pinning frequently used apps to the
taskbar
• Selecting items to appear in the
Notification area
Customize System Software (2 of 2) Customize Hardware Using System Software
• Link your smartphone to your computer Customize Hardware
• Uninstall apps • Pointing device
• Add accounts o Switch mouse buttons
• Manage network connections o Adjust trackpad sensitivity
• Adjust privacy settings • Keyboard
• Customize desktop o Change commands associated with
certain keys/keyboard shortcuts
o Move taskbar
o Change language/dialect
o Add shortcuts
o Adjust settings for toggle keys
Manage Desktop Windows (1 of 2) Manage Desktop Windows (2 of 2)

Common Elements of Windows • Multiple windows can be open at once and appear side-by-side or stacked
• Center area displays contents o The active window is the one currently being used
• Title bar at the top displays the name of o Windows can be resized and dragged to new locations
the app, file, or folder shown in the • Program window
window
• Folder window
• Buttons
o Maximize
o Minimize
o Close
o Restore Down
• Vertical and horizontal scroll bars
Use Administrative Tools (1 of 6) Use Administrative Tools (2 of 6)

Resources Adjust Power Settings
• Components required to perform work • Shutdown/sleep options
(processor, RAM, storage space, and • Battery usage
connected devices)
• Windows Task Manager
• Interact with a GUI
o Tile
o Icon
o Button
Utilities Customize Windows Operating System
• Disk cleanup utility • Settings app
• Recycle bin/trash • Control panel
• File utilities • Menus
o File management o Shortcut menu
o Search tool o Dialog box
o File compression • Option/radio buttons
• Check boxes
• List boxes

Run More than One Operating System Manage User Accounts
• Virtual machine • User accounts identify the resources a user can access when working with
o Requires an app that is specifically designed to set up and manage virtual the computer
machines • Protect your computer against unauthorized access
o Installation files for the operating system to run on the virtual machine are also • Administrator account provides full access
required
o Runs on a partition
Manage Files and Folders Compress and Uncompress Files

• Compress and uncompress files • File size is usually measured in kilobytes (KB) (thousands of bytes of data),
• Save files to folders and filing systems megabytes (MB) (millions of bytes of data), or gigabytes (GB) (billions of
bytes of data)
• Determine file properties
• Files and folders may need to be compressed before they can be shared or
• Manage file names and file placement transferred
• Manage folder names and folder placement
• Organize files using file management tools
Save Files to Folders and Filing Systems Determine File Properties
• Name the file • Every file has properties, such as
• Save to the computer, flash drive, or cloud name, type, location, and size
• If creating or editing a file, it should be saved • Dates: when the file was created,
frequently modified, last accessed
o Files you work on using a web app save changes • The operating system assigns some
as you make them properties to files, such as type or
format, and updates other properties,
• Use the Save As or Save a Copy dialog box to such as date, size, and location
save a file with a new name or in a new location
Manage File Names and File Placement (1 of 2) Manage File Names and File Placement (2 of 2)
File Names File Placement
• When you save a file, you must give it a name that follows your operating • Each folder can only include one file with the same name of the same type
system’s rules for file-naming conventions • Be as specific as possible when naming files
• Most file names contain an extension that tells about its contents, such as • Copying or moving files: use the Clipboard or drag between file
the type of platform or app on which the file can be used management windows
• File name extensions are added automatically when you save a file, but you • To open a saved file, navigate to the file’s location using the file manager or
can change the extension in some cases the Open dialog box from within a program or app. Double-click it or select it
and click the Open button.
Manage Folder Names and Folder Placement Organize Files Using File Management Tools
• You can create a new folder in a file File Management
manager such as File Explorer or • Windows 10: File Explorer
Finder
• macOS: the Finder
• To create a folder, click the New folder
button in your file manager. The folder • File manager functions
name by default is “New folder.” To o View frequently or recently opened
rename the folder something files and folders
meaningful, select the folder and click it o View the main folders on your
again to make it editable, then type the computer or device
name and enter.
o Search by file name, content, date,
• Within file manager, you can move, and more
copy, and delete folders the same as a
file
Lesson Objectives
• Explain the role of the web in daily life
• Describe websites and webpages
• Use e-commerce
Module 2 • Explain how information literacy applies to
web searches and research
The Web • Conduct online research
Carey/Pinard/Shaffer/Shellman/Vodnik, New Perspectives Collection, Microsoft® Office 365® & Office 2019, 1st Edition. © 2020 Cengage. All Rights
Carey/Pinard/Shaffer/Shellman/Vodnik, New Perspectives Collection, Microsoft® Office 365® & Office 2019, 1st Edition. © 2020 Cengage. All Rights
The Role of the Web in Daily Life Define Web Browsing Terms (1 of 3)
• Define web browsing terms Web Browsing Terms
• Explain the purpose of a top-level domain • Internet
• Describe Internet standards • Webpage
• Website
• Browser
o Navigate
o Home/Start page
o Hyperlinks
Define Web Browsing Terms (2 of 3) Define Web Browsing Terms (3 of 3)

Keep Track of Webpages Navigate the Web
• Uniform resource locator • Address bar
o Protocol (Hypertext Transfer • Cache
Protocol, HTTP) • Breadcrumbs
o Server address • Navigation bar
o Pathname
o File name
• Web server
o IP address
o Domain name
Explain the Purpose of a Top-Level Domain Describe Internet Standards
Top-Level Domain (TLD) Internet Standards
Table 2-2: Popular TLDs in the United States • Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)
TLD Generally used for • World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)
.biz Unrestricted use, but usually identifies business
.com Most commercial sites that sell products and services
.edu Academic and research sites such as schools and universities
.gov U.S.government organizations
.int International treaty organizations
.mil Military organizations
.mobi Sites optimized for mobile devices
.net Network providers, ISPs, and other Internet administrative organizations
.org Organizations such as political or not for profit (any website can have the .org TLD but, traditionally,
only professional and non-profit organization such as churches and humanitarian groups use it)
.pro Licensed professional
Describe Websites and Webpages Identify Types of Websites

• Identify the types of websites Categories
• Explain the pros and cons of web apps Banking and Entertainment Portals
finance
• Identify the major components of a webpage Blogs Government or Retail and auctions
• Identify secure and insecure websites organization
Bookmarking Health and fitness Science
Business Information and research Search sites
Careers and Mapping Travel and tourism
employment
Content aggregation Media sharing Website creation
and management
E-commerce News, weather, sports, Web apps and
and other mass media software as a
service (SaaS)
educational Online social networks Wikis and
collaboration
Explain the Pros and Cons of Web Apps The Major Components of a Webpage
Five Major Areas
Pros Cons
Access web apps from any device with a You must be online to use web apps. • Header
browser and Internet connection. • Navigation bar
Collaborate with others no matter their Your files are more vulnerable to security • Body
location. and privacy violations.
Store your work on the app’s website so If the web app provider has technical
• Sidebar
you can access it anytime and anywhere. problems, you might not be able to access • Footer
your work.
Save storage space on your device If the web app provider goes out of
business, you can lose your files.
Access the latest version of the app without Web apps often offer fewer features and
installing updates. may run more slowly than installed apps.
Identify Secure and Insecure Websites Use E-Commerce
Secure Websites • Explain the role of e-commerce in daily life
• Use encryption to safeguard • Use e-commerce in business transactions
transmitted information • Use e-commerce in personal transactions
• Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure • Explain how to find e-commerce deals
(HTTPS)
• Use digital certificates to vouch for
authenticity of the website
• Lock icon
• Requires sign-in with
username/password before entering
sensitive information
Explain the Role of E-Commerce in Daily Life (1 of 2) Explain the Role of E-Commerce in Daily Life (2 of 2)
Types of e-commerce websites Pros and cons of e-commerce for consumers
• Pros
Type of E- commerce Description Example o Variety
Business-to-consumer Involves the sale of goods Shopping websites o Convenience
(B2C) and services to the general
public o Budget
Consumer-to-consumer Occurs when one consumer Online auctions • Cons
(C2C) sells directly to another o Security
Business-to-business Consists of business Market research websites
o Fraud
(B2B) providing goods and
services to other business o Indirect experience
Use E-Commerce in Business Transactions Use E-Commerce in Personal Transactions

B2B E-Commerce B2C/E-Retail
• Transferring goods, services, or information between businesses • Electronic storefront
• Pricing can vary based upon the level of service provided, negotiated terms, • Tracks your selected items using cookies
and other factors • Make secure e-commerce payments
• A team of people often review and make a purchasing decision o 3D Secure
o Transport Layer Security (TLS)
o Online payment services
Explain How to Find E-Commerce Deals Apply Information Literacy to Web Searches
Find Online Deals • Define information literacy
• Comparison shopping sites • Explain how search engines work
• Using digital deals • Use search tools and strategies
o Gift certificates • Refine web searches
o Gift cards
o Coupons
Define Information Literacy Explain How Search Engines Work

Information Literacy General Search Engine
• How one finds, evaluates, uses, and communicates online information • Compiles a database of information about webpages
• Allows one to: • Uses software programs called spiders or crawlers to build an index of
o Navigate many sources of information, including the Internet, online libraries, and terms and their locations
popular media sites. • When one enters a query, the search engine refers to its index and lists
o Select the right tool for finding the information you need. pages based on how closely they answer the query
o Recognize that not all information is created equal. • Ranking depends on how often and where a search term appears on the
o Evaluate whether information is misleading, biased, or out of date. webpage, how long the webpage has been published, and the number of
other webpages that link to it
o Manage information to become a knowledgeable decision maker.
Use Search Tools and Strategies (1 of 2) Use Search Tools and Strategies (2 of 2)
Search Tools Use a Search Strategy
• Find online information based on criteria you specify or selections you make • State what kind of information you are
• Search engines seeking, as specifically as possible
• Search boxes on webpages • Phrase the search term as a question
• Web directory or subject directory • Identify the keywords or phrases that
could answer the question
• Specialized search tools concentrate on specific resources
• Select an appropriate search tool
• Perform the search, and refine the web
search to narrow or broaden the results
o Use a word stem to help broaden results
Refine Web Searches (1 of 3) Refine Web Searches (2 of 3)
Learning from the Search Engine Search Engine Practices
Results Page (SERP) • Lists the most relevant results, or hits, on the first page.
• Subject filters • Results labeled as an “Ad” or “Sponsored link” are from advertisers
• Time filters • Each type of filter offers related features
• Questions other users often ask • Google displays a “People also search for” list below a link you visited
about the same subject
• Search terms related to the original
term
• Knowledge graph pulled from online
sources
Refine Web Searches (3 of 3) Conduct Online Research

Boolean Operators • Use specialty search engines
Table 2-6: Common search operators • Evaluate online information
• Gather content from online sources
Operator Means Example
• Apply information literacy standards
“” (quotation Find webpages with the exact “augmented reality” in business
marks) words in the same order
| (vertical bar) OR augmented | virtual
- (hyphen) NOT augmented reality – virtual
* Wildcard (placeholder for any augmented* reality
number of characters)
#..# Find webpages within a range augmented reality 2017..2022
of numbers
Use Specialty Search Engines Evaluate Online Information

Specialty Search Engines The CARS Checklist
• Let one search information sources that general search engines do not • Credibility: identify the author and check credentials
always access • Accuracy: verify facts and claims, check for bias
Search tool What it does • Reasonableness: examine whether the claims are fair and sensible
Wolfram Alpha Answers factual questions directly, without listing webpages that might • Support: look for reputable sources and authorities
contain the answer
RhythmOne Finds videos or other multimedia; uses speech recognition to match the
audio part of a video with your search term
Ask a Librarian Connects you to librarians at the Library of Congress and other libraries;
allows you to engage in an online chat or submit your question in an
online form
TinEye Does a reverse search for submitted images, rather than keywords, to
locate the original image and match it with other indexed images
Gather Content from Online Sources Apply Information Literacy Standards
Follow Ethical Guidelines Citing Sources
• Copying photos might violate intellectual property rights
• A citation is a formal reference to a source
• A copyright gives authors and artists the legal right to
sell, publish, or distribute an original work • Each type of information source uses a different citation style
• Some online resources are protected by digital rights • Failure to cite sources, even if some of the words are changed or
management (DRM), which limit access to propriety
rights paraphrased, is plagiarism
• Some material is in the public domain and can be used
without permission
• The fair use doctrine allows one to use a sentence or
paragraph of text without permission with citation to the
original source
• Creative Commons (CC): a nonprofit organization that
helps content creators keep copyright to their materials
while allowing others to use, copy, or distribute their work
Lesson Objectives
• Explain the basic concepts of cloud computing
• Describe ways companies do business on the Internet
• Explain the basic concepts of artificial intelligence (AI)
Module 12
• Use AI technologies
Digital Transformation: Cloud, E-commerce, and AI • Analyze ways to communicate more proficiently with AI systems
Campbell/Ciampa/Clemens/Freund/Frydenberg/Hooper/Ruffolo/West, Technology for Success: Computer Concepts, 1st Edition. © 2020 Cengage. All Campbell/Ciampa/Clemens/Freund/Frydenberg/Hooper/Ruffolo/West,
Carey/Pinard/Shaffer/Shellman/Vodnik, New Perspectives Collection, Technology for ®Success:
Microsoft Office Computer Concepts,
365® & Office 2019,1st
1stEdition.
Edition.©©2020
2020Cengage.
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Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. May not be scanned,
Reserved. May notcopied or duplicated,
be scanned, copiedororposted to a publicly
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to a publicly in whole orwebsite,
in part. in whole or in part.
Explain the Basic Concepts of Cloud Computing (1 of 2) Explain the Basic Concepts of Cloud Computing (2
of 2)
• Identify defining characteristics of cloud computing
• Cloud computing: providing and
• Compare the most common cloud computing models using computer tools, such as
• List major cloud providers and services software, via the Internet
• Explain how cloud services are used in the workplace o Private cloud: does not use the
Internet
o Public cloud: multiple customers use
the same, Internet-connected cloud
• Person or business pays a fee to
use someone else’s hardware
Figure 12-1: When hosting a website in the

cloud, the website owner does not have to
purchase or maintain their own hardware
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365® & Office 2019,1st
1stEdition.
Edition.©©2020
2020Cengage.
All Rights Campbell/Ciampa/Clemens/Freund/Frydenberg/Hooper/Ruffolo/West, Technology for Success: Computer Concepts, 1st Edition. © 2020 Cengage. All Rights Reserved.
May not be scanned,
in part. in whole or in part. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Identify Defining Characteristics of Cloud Compare the Most Common Cloud Computing
Computing Models
• The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has defined five • Cloud services can be generally categorized according to the service’s role
essential characteristics of cloud technology
Figure 12-2: Five essential

Figure 12-4: SaaS services are more
characteristics of cloud technology
immediately accessible to a wide
market of users than other categories
of cloud services
Campbell/Ciampa/Clemens/Freund/Frydenberg/Hooper/Ruffolo/West, Technology for Success: Computer Concepts, 1st Edition. © 2020 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. Campbell/Ciampa/Clemens/Freund/Frydenberg/Hooper/Ruffolo/West, Technology for Success: Computer Concepts, 1st Edition. © 2020 Cengage. All Rights Reserved.
May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
List Major Cloud Providers and Services Explain How Cloud Services Are Used in the
Workplace
• A handful of companies lead the cloud provider market • Cloud-hosted resources are used to do many tasks
o Amazon Web Services o Track work schedule and hours worked
o Microsoft Azure o Make changes to tax withholdings or benefits disbursements
o Google Cloud Platform o Share files with colleagues
o IBM Cloud o Collaborate with teammates on projects, deadlines, and events
o China’s Alibaba Cloud o Complete on-the-job training
o Access customized workstation from any computer
o Use robust applications without having to install expensive software
o Work with expansive company data from across multiple departments
o Keep a more flexible work schedule
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Describe Ways Companies Do Business on the Describe Ways Companies Do Business on the
Internet (1 of 2) Internet (2 of 2)
• Describe the roles of physical and virtual stores in omnichannel marketing • E-business: any kind of business activity conducted online
• Compare types of e-commerce platforms o Some e-businesses use cloud-hosted resources, such as a video conferencing
web app, while others rely on websites
• Describe high-growth jobs in the e-commerce industry
• E-commerce: process of conducting buy and sell transactions on an
• Build trust through a good e-commerce website electronic network
o Most companies these days have reached the conclusion that e-commerce is a
necessary component to their overall business strategy
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Describe the Roles of Physical and Virtual Stores Compare Types of E-commerce Platforms
in Omnichannel Marketing
• Retailers increasingly use multiple types of contact, such as an online store • Transaction types
and a physical store, to reach a customer o Business-to-consumer (B2C): sale of goods and services to the general public
o This omnichannel strategy might also include targeted ads on social media, paid o Consumer-to-consumer (C2C): one consumer sells directly to another
results on search engines, or contacts by email or phone o Business-to-business (B2B): businesses providing goods and services to other
• Companies attempt to match the customer’s specific interests businesses
o Unique selling proposition (USP): statement about how the company and its • Platform types
products are different and better than the competition o Online storefront: website or smartphone app for buying and selling products or
services
o Online marketplace: virtual meeting place for buyers and sellers
o Social media: opportunity for sellers to showcase their products or advertise their
websites
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Describe High-Growth Jobs in the E-commerce Build Trust through a Good E-commerce Website
Industry
• Retailer growth results in expanded job opportunities • Retailers use a variety of strategies to meet shifting customer expectations
o Customer service representatives o Post clear and well-lit product photos
o Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks o List shipping and other add-on expenses on each product page
o Hand pickers and packagers o Add security seals and license badges
o Freight, stock, and material movers o Extend customer service hours
o Delivery and truck drivers o Offer flexible return policies
o General and operations managers o Publish personalized information on the company’s “About” page
o Market research analysts and marketing specialists • The 3 Cs of e-commerce
o Application and web developers o Content, community, context
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Explain the Basic Concepts of Artificial Explain the Basic Concepts of Artificial
Intelligence (AI) (1 of 2) Intelligence (AI) (2 of 2)
• Identify ways people use AI in daily life • AI technologies can already perform some impressive tasks and processes
• Compare common AI learning models o Not limited to voice-based interactions between a human and computer
o Processes often run in the background to provide useful insights from data or to
operate machinery without direct human oversight or intervention
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Identify Ways People Use AI in Daily Life Compare Common AI Learning Models (1 of 3)
• Artificial intelligence (AI) is the technological use of logic and prior
experience to simulate human intelligence
o Contacting a website’s customer service using a chatbot feature on a website
• Machine learning (ML)
o Interacting with a personal assistant phone app
• Natural language processing (NLP)
o Accessing social media feeds
• AI processes function in the background of an application or website service
Figure 12-14: Many technologies might contribute to a functioning AI system
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Compare Common AI Learning Models (2 of 3) Compare Common AI Learning Models (3 of 3)

• An AI system needs incoming information, called a dataset, to learn from
o Might use one of these learning models to guide how it engages with datasets:
• Supervised learning
• Unsupervised learning
• Reinforcement learning
Figure 12-16: Deep learning

allows for pattern recognition
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Use AI Technologies (1 of 2) Use AI Technologies (2 of 2)

• Describe how AI supports smart devices and the Internet of Things • AI is an integral part of our daily technological lives
• Identify ways people use AI in the workplace o Many processes happen in the background and don’t require special knowledge
on the part of the user
• It’s helpful to have a basic understanding of AI and its underlying technologies
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Describe How AI Supports Smart Devices and the Identify Ways People Use AI in the Workplace
Internet of Things
• Smart devices are considered “smart” because they can be programmed to • Forms of AI you might need to interact with on the job:
make decisions without direct human intervention o Data analytics: manage data and detect patterns that improve business
o To work properly, they typically must be connected to the Internet through a Wi- processes and answer questions related to strategic planning
Fi or Bluetooth connection o Robotic process automation (RPA): automatic processes running on servers that
• Collectively, the devices (which all contain embedded processors) are input or transfer data
referred to as the Internet of Things (IoT) o AI-powered chatbots: serve a variety of purposes, such as FAQ bots to answer
common questions about typical business, conversational bots that can provide
o AI’s role in a smart home environment revolves around the user’s interaction with
problem-solving support and assist in finding a product or service, and
voice commands as well as processing data collected from IoT devices
transactional bots that assist with making purchases and payments or returning
o Personal devices such as a smart watch or a medical sensor might incorporate items
AI capabilities for data processing or human interactions
o IoT has also permeated the manufacturing, medical, and financial industries, as
well as many others
365® & Office 2019,1st
1stEdition.
Edition.©©2020
2020Cengage.
365® & Office 2019,1st
1stEdition.
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2020Cengage.
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May not be scanned,
Analyze Ways to Communicate More Analyze Ways to Communicate More

Proficiently with AI Systems (1 of 2) Proficiently with AI Systems (2 of 2)
• Phrase effective AI commands • A significant goal of AI developers is to advance AI technology sufficiently so
that human users can’t tell the difference between a machine and a human
on the other end of a conversation
o A sufficiently advanced AI system could sound just as natural and be just as
responsive as a human technician
• This challenge, which AI has not yet fully met, is called the Turing Test
o Some systems have managed to trick users in specific situations
• Tend to be very limited in scope
365® & Office 2019,1st
1stEdition.
Edition.©©2020
2020Cengage.
365® & Office 2019,1st
1stEdition.
Edition.©©2020
2020Cengage.
All Rights
May not be scanned,
Phrase Effective AI Commands (1 of 2) Phrase Effective AI Commands (2 of 2)

• Smartphone apps and smart speakers listen for a wake word that alerts the • Cloud, e-commerce, and artificial intelligence technologies are designed to
app to record and interpret whatever is said make technology more accessible, support a global economy, and help
o If you want Alexa to give you the day’s weather forecast, you might say, “Alexa, streamline repetitive or predictable tasks
what’s the weather for today?” o These technologies are already used extensively in diverse and creative ways,
• Alexa detects the wake word “Alexa,” and then records and interprets whatever and will continue to increase in their ability to anticipate user needs
comes next
• By understanding some basics of how these systems work, you can better
o Developers must consider the many possible variations in the ways different take advantage of the benefits they offer
people might ask for a weather update
• “Alexa, get me the weather forecast.”
• “Alexa, what’s the weather like?”
• “Alexa, how cold will it be today?”
365® & Office 2019,1st
1stEdition.
Edition.©©2020
2020Cengage.
365® & Office 2019,1st
1stEdition.
Edition.©©2020
2020Cengage.
All Rights
May not be scanned,

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Technology for Success: Computer Concepts Module 4

Operating Systems and File Management

Lesson Objectives The Pros and Cons of Different Types of Operating

Operating Systems Features Desktop Operating Systems

• Utilities OS Available for Notable features

Server Operating Systems Mobile Operating Systems

OS Notable features OS Notable features

Identify Desktop Components Explain How an Operating System Works

• Responsible for coordinating the resources and activities on a computer Memory

Personalize an OS to Increase Productivity Customize System Software (1 of 2)

Manage Desktop Windows (1 of 2) Manage Desktop Windows (2 of 2)

Use Administrative Tools (1 of 6) Use Administrative Tools (2 of 6)

Use Administrative Tools (5 of 6) Use Administrative Tools (6 of 6)

Manage Files and Folders Compress and Uncompress Files

Define Web Browsing Terms (2 of 3) Define Web Browsing Terms (3 of 3)

Describe Websites and Webpages Identify Types of Websites

Use E-Commerce in Business Transactions Use E-Commerce in Personal Transactions

Define Information Literacy Explain How Search Engines Work

Refine Web Searches (3 of 3) Conduct Online Research

Use Specialty Search Engines Evaluate Online Information

Figure 12-1: When hosting a website in the

Figure 12-2: Five essential

Figure 12-14: Many technologies might contribute to a functioning AI system

Compare Common AI Learning Models (2 of 3) Compare Common AI Learning Models (3 of 3)

Figure 12-16: Deep learning

Use AI Technologies (1 of 2) Use AI Technologies (2 of 2)

Analyze Ways to Communicate More Analyze Ways to Communicate More

Phrase Effective AI Commands (1 of 2) Phrase Effective AI Commands (2 of 2)

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