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Q.2 X is NH 4 Cl
Q.4 (1) Since (A) gives chromyl chloride test and th, it has Cl
(2) Since (A) is strong reducing agent So (A) is SnCl 2
(i) SnCl 2 H 2 O Sn (OH )Cl HCl
white (B)
transparent white turbidity
solid (A)
Stannic acid absorbs colloidal particles of gold, this beautiful purple colour compound is known as purple
of cassius (discovered by cassius in 1865) It is used for colouring glass (ruby red) & pottery.
Q.5 ZnCl2 2 AgNO3 2 AgCl Zn( NO3 ) 2
(X) White
Q.8 2PbCO 3 .Pb (OH ) 2 (Basic lead carbonate) 2 PbCO3 .Pb (OH ) 2 450
º Pb3O4 CO CO2 H 2O
Q.10 A gives white precipitate (B) with NaCl which is soluble in hot water and ths, (B) may be PbCl 2 . So (A)
contains Pb 2 ions. (2) (A) liberates reddish brown gas on heating and thus, it should have NO3 ios, (3)
So, (A) is Pb (NO3 ) 2 .
(i) Pb ( NO3 ) 2 2 NaCl PbCl 2 2 NaNO3
(B)
(ii) PbCl 2 H 2 S PbS 2 HCl
(C) black ppt.
Q.14 (A), (B) and (C) are SO2 , CO and O2 respectively. The reactions are as follow :
K 2 Cr2 O7 H 2 SO4 3SO2 K 2 SO4 Cr ( SO4 ) 3 H 2 O
(green)
Ca (OH ) 2 CO2 CaCO3 H 2 O
milky
Q.15 BiCl 3 H 2 O BiOCl 2 HCl
(A) (B)
BiOCl 2 HCl BiCl3 H 2 O
(B) (A)
2 BiCl3 3 Na2 SnO2 6 NaOH 2 Bi 3Na2 SnO3 6 NaCl 3H 2 O
Black (C)
2 BiCl3 3H 2 SO4 Bi2 ( SO4 ) 3 6 HCl
(D)
Hg 2 ( NO3 ) 2 2 HCl Hg 2 Cl 2 2 HNO 3
White
Q.16 Solution C gives ppt. with NaOH solution which is soluble in excess of NaOH solution hence the cation
should be of the amphoteric metal like Zn or Al.
Again solid F is soluble in HCl and gives white precipitate with BaCl2. Therefore anion must be SO42– ion.
Now the A gives offensive smelling gas hence hence the A may be ZnS or Al2S3. But Al2S3 on heating in air
des not form Al2(SO4)3.. Chemical reactions are as follows :
ZnS 2 HCl ZnCl 2 H 2 S
(A) (C) (B)
ZnCl 2 2 NaOH Zn(OH ) 2 2 NaCl
(C) (D)
Zn (OH ) 2 2 NaOH Na2 ZnO2 2 H 2 O
2ZnS 3O2 2ZnO 2SO2
(A) (F) (E)
ZnS 2O2 ZnSO4 ( F )
(A)
ZnSO4 BaCl2 BaSO4 ZnCL2
Q.17 CuSO4 ( A) H
2S
CuS HNO
3 Cu ( NO3 ) 2 NaOH
Cu (OH ) 2 (
blue sol black (B) soluble blue ppt.(C)
[Cu ( NH 3 ) 4 ] SO 4 ( D) (deep blue solution)
Cu (CN ) 2 KCN
K 3 [Cu (CN ) 4 ]
yellow ppt. (E) colourless
Q.20 Metal salt gives green coloured precipitate with NaOH hence the precipitate will be of Cr (OH ) 3 . It is also
soluble in NaOH to form sodium chromite. It is also confirmed by the fact that Cr (OH ) 3 gives Cr2 O3
(green powder) which on fusion with NaOH in air to form sodium chromate which is yellow in colour.
Cr 3 3 NaOH Cr (OH ) 3 3 Na
(X)
2Cr (OH ) 3 NaOH NaCrO 2 2 H 2 O
Sodium chromite
2Cr (OH ) 3 Cr2 O 3 3H 2 O
green
2Cr2 O3 8 NaOH 3O2 4 Na 2 CrO4 4 H 2O
(Z)
acid
Q.21 2CrO 24 2 H Cr2 O 72 H 2 O
alkali
Chroma te Dichromate
(yellow) (orange) (B)
Cr2 O 27 2H 4H 2 O 2 2CrO 5 5H 2 O
(B) (C) blue colour
Blue colour fades away gradually due to decomposition of CrO5 into Cr 3 ions and oxygen. Acidified solution
of : B NaCl CrO2 Cl 2 (Chromyl chloride). (D) Orange red fumes.
Q.22 White powder (A) gives colourless, odorless gas shich changes lime water mily hance the compound (A) is
a carbonate of any cation, but residue ‘E’ which is left on heating (A) is yellow when hot and white wen
cooled. Therefore (E) must be ZnO. Thus the compound (A) is ZnCO3 . The reactions are as follows :
ZnCO3 heat
ZnO CO2
(A) (E) (B)
CO 2 Ca (OH) 2 CaCO 3 H 2 O
(B) Lime water White ppt. (C)
CaCO3 H 2 O CO2 Ca (HCO3 ) 2
(C) (B) (D)
Q.23 A K 2 Cr2 O7 , B NH 4 Cl , C CrO2 Cl2 , D PbCrO 4 , E NH 3
Q.24 X NH 4 NO3 , Y NH 3
Q.25 X is AlBr3
EXERCISE–II
(Asked in REE)
01.(I) Step (ii) suggest X to be a compound of Ag as it gives tubidity with tap water which contains Cl . Since the
turbidity is soluble in NH 4 OH .
(II) X may be AgNO3 since it gives oxides of Nitrogen.
Reactions : 2AgNO 3 2Ag 2 NO 2 O 2
residue
AgNO3 Cl AgCl NO3
(X) tap
water Turbidity
AgCl 2 NH 4OH Ag ( NH 3 ) 2 Cl 2 H 2 O
soluble
02.(I) Step (ii) suggest that X may be hypo as it decolorizes solution of I 2 and also loses water of crystallization.
(II) X is Na2 S 2 O3 .5H 2O i.e. : hypo
Na 2 S 2O3 .5 H 2 O Na 2 S 2 O3 5 H 2 O
Na 2S 2 O 3 2HCl 2 NaCl SO 2 S H 2 O
(X) Turbidity
2 Na 2 S 2 O3 I 2 Na 2 S 4 O6 2 NaI
(X)
Na 2S2 O 3 2 AgNO 3 Ag 2S2 O 3 2 NaNO 3
(X) white ppt.
Ag 2 S 2 O3 H 2O Ag 2 S H 2 SO 4
Black
on standing
03. (A) on heating gives two oxides of S and thus it is FeSO4 . 7 H2O .
FeSO4 + 7 H2O
1. FeSO4 . 7 H2O
(A)
2. 2 FeSO4 Fe2O3 + SO2 + SO3
(B) (C) (D)
3. Fe2O3 + 6 HCl 2 FeCl3 + 3 H2O
(E) yellow
4. 2 FeCl3 + H2S FeCl2 + 2 HCl + S
(G) Turbidity (F)
Na2 ZnO2 + H2 .
06. (i) (A) is an alkali and the reaction is , 2 NaOH + Zn
(A) (B)
(ii) (A) is NaOH and (C) is phosphorous . The reaction is ,
PH3 + 3 NaH2PO2
3 NaOH + 3 H2O + P4
(A)
NH3 + NaCl + H2O
(iii) (D) is NH3 gas and the reaction is , NaOH + NH4Cl
(A) (D) gas
08. (i) Step 1 suggest that the compound (X) contains SO42 radical .
(ii) Step 3 suggest that the compound (X) contains Cu2+ radical .
(iii) Hence the salt is CuSO4 .
(i) CuSO4 + BaCl2 BaSO4 + CuCl2 .
white ppt.
(insoluble in HCl)
(ii) 2 CuSO4 + 4 KI 2 CuI2 + 2 K2SO4
(X)
CuI2 Cu2I2 + I2
(unstable)
I2 + 2 Na2S2O3 Na2S4O6 + 2 NaI
(iii) 2 CuSO4 + K4 Fe(CN)6 Cu2 [Fe(CN)6] + 2 K2SO4
(X) chocolate coloured ppt.
09. (i) (X) gives brick red flame test so it contains Ca2+ ;
(ii) (X) gives smell of Cl2 in moist air so (X) is CaOCl2 .
CaOCl2 + CO2 CaCO3 + Cl2
(X) (moist air)
or CaOCl2 + H2O Ca(OH)2 + Cl2
(X)
(iii) With KI & CH3COOH , it reacts as follows ,
CaOCl2 + 2KI + 2CH3COOH Ca(CH3COO)2 + I2 + 2KCl + H2O
10. (i) (X) imparts golden yellow flame and so contain Na+ .
(ii) Step 2 suggest that (X) is NaOH because it reacts with Zn to give H2 .
Zn + 2 NaOH Na2ZnO2 + H2
(X)
(iii) (X) is also justified by step 3 reactions .
2 NaOH + SnCl2 Sn(OH)2 + 2 NaCl
(X) white ppt.
Sn(OH)2 + 2 NaOH Na2SnO2 + 2 H2O
(X)excess soluble
11. (i) The compound (B) reacts with NaCl to give white ppt. (D) soluble in NH4OH to (D) is AgCl .
(ii) Thus (B) must contain Ag + ion .
(iii) (B) is obtained from (A) and dil. HNO3 , so (B) is AgNO3 and (A) is Ag .
3 Ag + 4 HNO3 3 AgNO3 + NO + 2 H2O
(A) (B) (C)
AgNO3 + NaCl AgCl + NaNO3
(B) (D)
AgCl + 2 NH4OH Ag(NH3)2Cl + 2 H2O
(D) soluble
2 AgNO3 + Na2S2O3 Ag2S2O3 + 2 NaNO3 .
(E) white
Ag2S2O3 Ag2S + SO3
black
13. (1) (X) gives black ppt. in acid medium & thus it may be HgCl2 , PbCl2 , CuCl2 or SnCl2 .
(2) Black ppt. are insoluble in yellow ammonium sulphide & thus it is not SnCl2 .
(3) Step 3 & 4 suggest that (X) is HgCl2 .
(i) HgCl2 + H2S HgS + 2 HCl
(X) black ppt.
(ii) 2 HgCl2 + SnCl2 SnCl4 + Hg2Cl2 .
(X ) white ppt.
Hg2Cl2 + SnCl2 SnCl4 + 2 Hg
grey ppt.
(iii) HgCl2 + 2 KI HgI2 + 2 KCl
(X) red ppt.
HgI2 + 2 KI K2HgI4
14.(i) Aqueous solution of gas (X) turns red litmus blue , the solution is alkaline in nature. So the gas may be NH3.
(ii) With CuSO4 , NH4OH gives deep blue coloured Cu(NH3)4SO4 .
i.e. CuSO4 + 4 NH4OH [Cu(NH3)4]SO4 + H2O
(deep blue complex)
(iii) FeCl3 + 3 NH4OH Fe(OH)3 + 3 NH4Cl
(brown ppt.)
The brown ppt. of Fe(OH)3 form soluble Fe (NO3)3 with dil. HNO3 .
Fe(OH)3 + 3 HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + 3 H2O
(soluble)
Hence X is NH3 .
15. (1)(X) give yellow ppt. insoluble in NH4OH with Ag+ and so contain I ions .
(2)Step (a) suggest it to be KI .
(i) Cu2+ + 5I– Cu2I2 + I3–
white ppt brown
glassy mass
(iii) Na2B4O7 + H2SO4 + 5 H2O Na2SO4 + 4 H3BO3 (weak acid)
18. (i) (X) removes black stains from old oil painting so (X) is H2O2 .
(ii) 5 H2O2 + 2 KMnO4 + 3 H2SO4 K2SO4 + 2 MnSO4 + 8 H2O + 5 O2
(X)
(iii) 3 H2O2 + 2 KMnO4 2 MnO2 + 2 KOH + 3 O2 + 2 H2O
(X)
(iv) 4 H2O2 + PbS PbSO4 + 4 H2O
black white
19. Compound A :
(i) (A) gives on heating two oxides of S and so (A) is FeSO4 . 7 H2O
FeSO4 + 7 H2O
FeSO4 . 7 H2O
(A)
2 FeSO4 Fe2O3 + SO2 + SO3
FeSO4 + 2 NaOH Fe(OH)2 + Na2SO4
oxidation
Fe2+ Fe3+ + e–
alkali medium
Compound B :
(i) (B) gives green colour flame and thus it contains Ba +2 ion as it also does not give ppt. with H2S
(ii) (B) on heating with K2Cr2O7 & H2SO4 conc. gives red gas i.e. chromyl chloride and thus (B) also have Cl
ion.
(iii) Thus (B) is BaCl2 .
2 BaCl2 + K2Cr2O7 + 3 H2SO4 K2SO4 + 2 Cr2O2Cl2 + 2 BaSO4 + 3 H2O
Red gas
CrO2 Cl2 + 4 NaOH Na2CrO4 + 2 NaCl + 2 H2O
yellow soln
25. The reactions indicate that the compound (A) is sodium thiosulphate. It is formed in step (i) by passing gas (B)
which is either I2 or SO2.
(i) Na2S + Na2SO3 + I2 Na2S2O3 + 2NaI
(B)
or 2Na2S + Na2SO3 + 3SO2 3Na2S2O3
(ii) 2AgNO3 + Na2S2O3 Ag2S2O3 + 2NaNO3
(White ppt)
Ag2S2O3 + H2O Ag2S + H2SO4
(C) black
(iii) S2 O32 + Fe3+ [Fe3+ (S2O3)2]–
(D) violet
2
[Fe(S2O3)2]– + Fe3+ 2Fe2+ + S4 O 6
FeSO4 + 7H2O
(ii) FeSO4.7H2O
Fe2O3 + SO2 + SO3
2FeSO4
(E) (C) (D)
brown residue
(iii) Fe2O3 + 6HCl 2FeCl3 + 3H2O
(E) (F) yellow solution
(iv) 2 FeCl3 + H2S 2FeCl2 + 2HCl + S
(H) (G)
(v) FeCl3 + 3NH4SCN Fe(SCN)3 + 3NH4Cl
(I)
35.(i) FeSO4 . 7 H2O FeSO4 + 7 H2O
(A) (B)
2 FeSO4 Fe2O3 + SO2 + SO3
(B) (D) (E) (F)
Brown
(ii) (B) is soluble in water and reacts with NO give brown compound.
FeSO4(aq.) + NO FeSO4.NO.
Brown ring (C)
(iii) Gaseous mixture decolorises acidified KMnO4
5SO2 + 2KMnO4 + 2H2O K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 2H2SO4
(iv) SO3 + H2O H2SO4
BaCl2 + H2SO4 BaSO4 + 2HCl
white ppt.
36. X A + B + Y
20.02g. 4.4g. 1.8g. 13.8g.
The above data reveals that 2MHCO3 CO2 + H2O + M2CO3
(X) (A) (B) (Y)
4.4g. CO2 is obtained by 20.02g. MHCO3
4.4g. CO2 is obtained by 200.2g. MHCO3.
200 .2
Molecular weight of MHCO3 is 100 .1
2
Atomic weight of M = 39.1
Thus metal is potassium.
2 KHCO3 CO2 + H2O + K2CO3
(X) (A) (B) (Y)
brown
(ii) SO42- + BaCl2 BaSO4 + 2Cl
(iii) 4Cl2 + K2Cr2O7 + 3H2SO4 2CrO2Cl2 + K2SO4 + 3H2O + 2SO4
(iv) 3Fe+2 + 2K3Fe(CN)6 Fe3[Fe(CN)6]2 + 6K+
(B) blue
38. FeSO4(NH4)2SO4 . 6H2O Fe2+ + SO42 + 2NH42+ + SO2 + 6H2O
Mohr salt
White ppt.
39. (NH4)2 Cr2O7 N2 + Cr2O3 + 4H2O
(A) (C) green (B)
N2 + 3Mg Mg3N2
(D)
Mg3N2 + 6H2O 3Mg(OH)2 + 2NH3
(D) (E)
NH3 + HCl NH4Cl
(E) (White fumes)
40. (i) (B) forms double salt with Al2(SO4)3 and thus, may be K2SO4.
(ii) (A) + S (B) K2SO4
1.743 g K2SO4 is obtained by 1.422g.A
1 .422 x174
174 g K2SO4 is obtained by 142 g . A.
1 .743
174 g. K2SO4 requires 32g.S.
32 x1.743
1.743 g K2SO4 requires 0.321 g .S .
174
Thus, given data confirms that (B) is K2SO4.
Now 2(A) + S
K2SO4
(A potassium salt)
M.wt. of (A) x 2 = 142
M.wt. of (A) = 71
Since (A) is pot. salt : .M.wt. of left component = 71 - 39 = 32.
Thus salt is KO2.
2KO2 + S K2SO4
Al 2 ( SO4 ) 3
K2SO4 . Al2(SO4)3 . 24 H2O
(A) (B) Aq. (C)
55. A –[Ti(H2O)6]3+
B –HCl
MCl4–TiCl4
Purple colour of [Ti(H2O)6]3+ is due to d–d transition.