1. Division of labor – breaking of job into specialized tasks for
efficiency of productivity. 2. Authority – right given to a person to influence by giving orders or command to a person. 3. Discipline – the uniform application of rightful behavior. 4. Unity of Command – employees must have only one supervisor. 5. Unity of Direction – efforts of every employee must be aligned to organizational objectives. 6. Subordination of the individual interest to the general interest – employees must prioritize the welfare of the organization rather than self-interest. 7. Remuneration – employees should be paid fairly and accordingly with the prescribed labor laws. 8. Centralization – the concentration of control of an activity or organization under a single authority. Decentralization is the empowerment of sub-groups in organization due to complexity or growth. 9. Scalar chain – employees should follow the official chain of command and must not by-pass the authorities found in organizational charts. 10. Order – human and non-human resources should be in proper places. 11. Equity – result of kindliness and justice in every decision. 12. Stability of tenure – employees must be assured of permanency of job position. 13. Initiative – management must let employees to act own their own free-will or volition. 14. Esprit de Corps – teamwork by having harmony and sense of unity.
Deming 14 Points for Top Management
1.Create constancy of purpose for improving products and services. 2.Adopt the new philosophy. 3. Cease dependence on inspection to achieve quality. 4. End the practice of awarding business on price alone; instead, minimize total cost by working with a single supplier. 5. Improve constantly and forever every process for planning, production and service. 6. Institute training on the job. 7. Adopt and institute leadership. 8. Drive out fear. 9. Break down barriers between staff areas. 10. Eliminate slogans, exhortations and targets for the workforce. 11. Eliminate numerical quotas for the workforce and numerical goals for management. 12. Remove barriers that rob people of pride of workmanship, and eliminate the annual rating or merit system. 13. Institute a vigorous program of education and self-improvement for everyone. 14. Put everybody in the company to work accomplishing the transformation.
Organizational Behavior - the process of learning how to comprehend
and adjust to the many people that make up an organization People with various behaviors and attitudes may be able to comprehend and harmonize the activities of the group if they understand it. This behavior theory assists managers in carrying out responsibilities such as leadership, dispute resolution, and other situations inside the business.Robert Owen, Mary Parker Follet, Hugo Munsterberg, and Chester Barnard all backed it. It all started when Robert lamented the poor working conditions in the 1700s and offered strategies to change them. Follet suggested in the 1900s that individual or group behavior must be addressed in management. Munsterberg proposed using psychological tests for employee selection in the early 1900s, while Barnard proposed using collaboration in companies in the 1930s since it is a social system in structure
Juran’s Fitness to Quality
1. Quality of Design – design must be in relevance to the usage or purpose of the product. 2. Quality of Conformance – must conform with the standards set. 3. Availability – continuous supply of products to customers 4. Full service – promptness, integrity, and competence of products.
Weber’s Bureaucracy 1. division of labor 2. hierarchical identification 3. detailed rules and regulations 4. impersonal connections with one another