PERISTALTIC PUMP

SEMINAR REPORT

SUBMITTED BY
AMRUTH S
( REG NO : 20021164)

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE, ADOOR
2022 - 2023
 GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE, ADOOR
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE
Certified that this is a bonafide report of the seminar titled
“PERISTALTIC PUMP”
Done by
AMRUTH S ( Reg No : 20021164) of Final year Diploma in Mechanical Engineering in
partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of Diploma in Mechanical Engineering
under the Department of Technical Education, Government of Kerala during the year
2022- 2023.

Mr. UNNIKANNAN R. Mr. AJIMON C A

( Lecturer ) (Head of the Department)

INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER

SEMINAR REPORT (2022 – 2023) PERISTALTIC PUMP

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I consider my privilege to express gratitude and respect towards all those who
guided me through the completion of this seminar.
I am grateful to Mr. AJIMON C A (HOD- MECHANICAL ENGINEERING)
for giving us support and encouragement that was necessary for the completion
of this seminar.
I would like to thank especially Mr. UNNIKANNAN R (Lecturer in
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING) for his valuable guidance.
I take this opportunity to express my sincere gratitude to the organization who
helped us during this period. I also sincerely thanking my college and teachers
for arranging this seminar.

With affectionate regards

AMRUTH S

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SEMINAR REPORT (2022 – 2023) PERISTALTIC PUMP

ABSTRACT

Peristaltic pumps are positive displacement pumps, commonly used in fluid

transports. These pump does not contaminate the transported fluid, they are
undemanding and ideal for shear-sensitive and aggressive fluids. Through their
wide spectrum of use, there are many variants of these pumps based on their
special needs, such as high pressure need, long tubing lifetime or low pressure
deviation. The object of this paper is to review and summarize the most
important properties of these pumps and introduce some of the special
solutions of these pumps focusing on control engineering possibilities.

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SEMINAR REPORT (2022 – 2023) PERISTALTIC PUMP

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION……………………….……………………………...……1
LITERATURE REVIEW……………………………………...……………..3
HISTORY…………………………………………………………….………4
CONSTRUCTION………………………………….......................................5
WORKING…………………………………………………………..……….7
SPECIFICATIONS………………………………………………………..…8
TYPES OF PERISTALTIC PUMPS…………………………………………9
TUBINGS………………………………………………………………..….11
ROLLERS……………………………………………………………….….16
APPLICATIONS ………………………………………………………..….18
ADVANTAGES…………………………………………………….………19
DISADVANTAGES………………………………………………………..20
CONCLUSION………………………………………………………….….21
REFERENCES…………………………………………………………..….22

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SEMINAR REPORT (2022 – 2023) PERISTALTIC PUMP

LIST OF FIGURES

FIG NAME PAGE

NO. NO
1 Parts of Peristaltic Pump 5
2 Working Diagram 7
3 Hose Pump 9
4 Tube Pump 10
5 Silicon Tube 12
6 Autoprene tube 12
7 Viton Tube 13
8 Tygon Tube 13
9 Prothane II Tube 14
10 Vinyl Tube 14
11 Fluoro Polymer Tube 15
12 Fixed Occlusion Roller 16
13 Spring Loaded Roller 17

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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

The word ‘Peristalsis’ originated from the Greek word ‘Peristalticos’, which
means Compressing and expanding. Peristalsis is symmetrical contraction and
relaxation of muscles, Which moves in the form of a wave down a muscular
tube. Peristaltic transport is nature’s way of moving the content within hallow
muscular structures by successive contractions and expansion of muscular
fibers. This mechanism is responsible for the pumping of physiological fluids
through the different parts of the human body.
Pump is a mechanical device that lifts fluid from lower level to higher level,
by converting the mechanical energy supplied to it, into hydraulic energy.
Pumps may be divided into two Categories, Positive displacement pumps and
Rotary dynamic pumps. Peristaltic pump is a Positive displacement pump
which is used for pumping variety of fluids through a flexible tube, by
successive contractions and expansion of the tube by the rollers or shoes.
In industry, Peristaltic pumps are used to move very viscous or non-Newtonian
fluids through flexible deformable tubes. One common method is to have
‘rollers’ move over and locally compress the tube to induce a net motion of the
fluid.

1.1 Need of Peristaltic Pump

Various devices haves been proposed in the past for pumping viscous fluids
and slurries. Such slurries are frequently very corrosive and abrasive to
machinery and pumping operations involving them have presented serious
problems in many instances because of the nature of the suspended solids they
contain. The slurry commonly comprises a gelled liquid media in which solid
particles are suspended. These viscous materials have corrosive and abrasive
action on the pump parts, hence it is necessary to separate pump moving parts
from the slurry to avoid blockage and corrosion and wear of the parts.

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Most common problems faced by pump operators are ;

• Pump loss due to leak from oil seals.
• Deficits in monitoring and diagnosis of the operating status of an
industrial pump.
• Service time and maintenance intervals.
Peristaltic pumps are a better solution for all these problems faced by the pump
operators.

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SEMINAR REPORT (2022- 2023) PERISTALTIC PUMP

CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW

According to Dr. E N Aitavade and Dr. S D Patil and Dr. A N Kadam and Dr.
T S Mulla, Peristaltic pump is a positive displacement pump for pumping a
variety of high viscos fluids by non polluting the fluids. Many developers and
researchers are working on peristaltic technology in all aspects for its earliest
application by the man kind. The current paper provides a quick review of the
overview of peristaltic pump handling of various slurries and liquids. As well
as an overview of technology’s problems and solutions for it. For the creation
of cost effective and safe pumping experience in the near future, management
of pump parameters such as temperature, pressure, life expectancy, size,
density, power and contamination controls should have to be mastered.

According to Dr. S Venkateshwarlu , Asst. prof. Mechanical Engineering

Department, G P C E T Kurnool, India, Peristaltic pump is a pump with the
unique feature of non- cross contamination and are self prime pumps that can
be used to pump highly corrosive , abrasive and viscous fluids and has a
disadvantage that the tubes will tends to degrade with time and periodic
replacement should have to be done. The flow of fluid is pulsed at low
rotational speed.

According to Shawn W Walker and Michael J Shelly, transportation is

fundamental aspect of biology and peristaltic pumping is a fundamental
mechanism to accomplish it, it is also important to many industrial process
also. Peristaltic pump is an alternative technology for the fulfilment of various
needs in an industry. When we convert the existing ( conventional ) method of
pumping to peristaltic pumping, it is easy to adapt and the major benefit is that
it will not contaminate the pumping fluid.

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SEMINAR REPORT (2022- 2023) PERISTALTIC PUMP

CHAPTER 3
HISTORY

A form of peristaltic pump was described in The Mechanics Magazine in 1845.

The pump used a leather hose which did not need to self-open when released
by the rollers, instead relying on the incoming water having sufficient pressure
to fill the open inlet end on each cycle. The peristaltic pump was first patented
in the United States by Rufus Porter and J.D. Bradley in 1855 (U.S. Patent
number 12753) as a well pump, and later by Eugene Allen in 1881 (U.S. Patent
Number 249285) for blood transfusions. It was developed by heart surgeon Dr.
Michael De Bakey for blood transfusions while he was a medical student in
1932 and later used by him for cardiopulmonary bypass systems. A specialized
non occlusive roller pump (US Patent 5222880) using soft flat tubing was
developed in 1992 for cardiopulmonary bypass systems.

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SEMINAR REPORT (2022- 2023) PERISTALTIC PUMP

CHAPTER 4
CONSTRUCTION

Figure 1

The main parts of a Peristaltic pump are;

• Cassettes.
• Rotor Assembly.
• Pump Tubes and Fitting.
• Motor.

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CASSETTES – The highly transparent body of the pump. Enables to check

pump motor status to be checked at a glance. Special Nylon material with
excellent weather and chemical resistant abilities are used.

ROTOR ASSEMBLY – An assembly of two or more rotor as a single unit.

The multi configuration rotor can accommodate various needs. Mostly two to
four rotors are used. Rollers are fixed in this assembly.

PUMP TUBES AND FITTINGS – A wide range of tubes are available from
original tubes developed in- house to general purpose tubes. Choose the tube
material and size according to the application. Fittings can easily be removed
and it prevents the retraction of tubes during rotation.

MOTOR – Geared motor are designed and developed in- house. The uniquely
configured resin planetary gear with its excellent durability is highly regarded.
The motor used are manufactured by highly qualified Japanese companies.

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SEMINAR REPORT (2022- 2023) PERISTALTIC PUMP

CHAPTER 5
WORKING

Figure 2

Peristaltic pumps are a type of positive displacement pump used for pumping
a variety of fluids. The fluid is contained within a flexible hose or tube fitted
inside the pump casing. The actual pumping principle, called peristalsis, is
based on alternating compression and relaxation of the hose or tube, drawing
content in and propelling product away from the pump.
A rotating shoe or roller passes along the length of the hose or tube creating a
temporary seal between the suction and discharge sides of the pump. As the
pump’s rotor turns this sealing pressure moves along the tube or hose forcing
product to move away from the pump and into the discharge line. Where the

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pressure has been released the hose or tube recovers creating a vacuum, which
draws the product into the suction side of the pump, the priming mechanism.
Combining these suction and discharge principles results in a powerful self-
priming positive displacement action. Speed of pumping can be controlled by
controlling the speed of motor.

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CHAPTER 6
SPECIFICATIONS

6.1: Design significations

A number of design parameters should be considered while selecting a
Peristaltic pump.
Tubing size – the diameter and wall thickness of the casing used to house the
media, typically given in inches (in) or millimetres (mm). It affects the
discharge and the size of tubing needed for replacement. Pumps may be
designed to allow multiple sizes of tubing.
Number of rollers – the number of rollers or shoes used in the drive
mechanism. More rollers reduce pulsation and provide a smoother flow.
Number of channels – the number of separate tubes in the pump which
operate simultaneously.

6.2: Performance Specifications

The primary specifications to consider when selecting peristaltic pumps are
flowrate, pressure, horsepower, power rating, outer diameter and operating
temperature.
Flow rate – describes the rate of volume discharge per pump.
Pressure – force per unit handled by the pump.
Horse power – indicates the output power of the pump.
Power rating – indicates the power required for the working of pump.
Outer diameter – size of discharge or outlet of pump.
Operating temperature – temperature limit of tubings within the pump.

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CHAPTER 7
TYPES OF PERISTALTIC PUMPS

There are mainly 2 types peristaltic pump. They are;

1. Hose Pump.
2. Tube Pump.

HOSE PUMP
Hose pumps are high pressure peristaltic pump that can be operated up to 16
bar pressure. The casing and rollers of this pump is filled with lubricants to
prevent abrasion and to dissipate heat from the internal parts of the pump.
Reinforced hoses are used in this pump.

Figure 3

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SEMINAR REPORT (2022- 2023) PERISTALTIC PUMP

TUBE PUMP
Tube pumps are low pressure peristaltic pump that can be operated up to 5bar
pressure. This type of peristaltic pump does not require any lubrication. Non
reinforced hoses are used in this pump.

Figure 4

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SEMINAR REPORT (2022- 2023) PERISTALTIC PUMP

CHAPTER 8
TUBINGS

8.1 : Tube selecting factors

There are many factors that should be considered while selecting tubings. The
factors are;
• Chemical compatibility – Tubing material will not affect the chemical
properties of the fluid which is pumping through it.
• Pressure – Tubing material should the ability to withstand the pumping
pressure.
• Temperature – Tubing material can be operated within the temperature
ranges of the system.
• Size – Tubing must be correctly sized in order to fit within the pump head
and operate effectively.
• Life expectancy – Tubes should have a tolerated life expectancy.
• Transparency – Tubing material should be transparent, if the media
should be viewed during pumping.
• Gas permeability – Tubing material must have low gas permeability
rating
• Regulatory approval - for certain industries, such in pharmaceuticals, the
tubing material must meet and conform to certain standards and
certifications.
• Cost – Cost of tubes should be acceptable, since it must be routinely
replaced.

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8.2 : Tubing materials

Tubes made of different materials are used for the pumping of different fluids.
They are;
SILICON - A translucent medical/food grade tubing which is odourless, non-
toxic, and has FDA and USP Class Vl approvals. It is auto cleavable and has a
temperature range up to 220°C. Used in most general applications.

Figure 5

AUTOPRENE - This is an opaque thermo-plastic rubber with unmatched

wear resistance when long tube life is required. This material has FDA food
grade approval, and has been further enhanced to meet the requirements and
approval standards of USP Class VI criteria for medical bio-compatibility.

Figure 6

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SEMINAR REPORT (2022- 2023) PERISTALTIC PUMP

VITON - A black, shiny, synthetic rubber with resistance to concentrated

acids, solvents, ozone, radiation and temperatures up to 200°C. Viton is
expensive, and while it has excellent chemical compatibility, Viton is not
renowned for durability and will have a limited service life.

Figure 7

TYGON - This tube has excellent chemical resistance, handles virtually any
inorganic chemical, and is one of the families of non-toxic tubes. Tygon has a
clear finish and is available in a limited size range.

Figure 8

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SEMINAR REPORT (2022- 2023) PERISTALTIC PUMP

PROTHANE II - A transparent blue polyester polyurethane tubing which is

resistant to ozone, diesel fuel, kerosene, motor oil, mild solvents, aromatic
hydrocarbons, petrol and concentrated acid and alkaline solutions.

Figure 9

VINYL - The least expensive of any pump tubing type, but is not widely
chemically compatible and has a below average service life. It cannot be
autoclaved and cannot handle temperatures above 80°C.

Figure 10

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SEMINAR REPORT (2022- 2023) PERISTALTIC PUMP

FLUORO POLYMER - The most chemically inert tubing material, but with
an extremely short service life. It is a auto cleavable material.

Figure 11

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SEMINAR REPORT (2022- 2023) PERISTALTIC PUMP

CHAPTER 9
ROLLERS

There are mainly two kinds of roller designs in peristaltic pumps. They are;

Fixed Occlusion Roller In this kind of pump, the rollers have a fixed locus
as it turns, keeping the occlusion constant as it squeezes the tube. This is a
simple, yet effective design. The only downside to this design is that the
occlusion as a percent on the tube varies with the variation of the tube wall
thickness. Typically the wall thickness of the extruded tubes varies enough that
the percentage occlusion can vary with the wall thickness . Therefore, a section
of tube with greater wall thickness, but within the accepted tolerance, will have
higher percent occlusion, which increases the wear on the tubing, thereby
decreasing the tube life. Tube wall thickness tolerances today are generally
kept tight enough that this issue is not of much practical concern. For those
mechanically inclined, this may be the constant strain operation.

Figure 12

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SEMINAR REPORT (2022- 2023) PERISTALTIC PUMP

Spring Loaded Roller - As the name indicates, the rollers in this pump are
mounted on a spring. This design is more elaborate than the fixed occlusion,
but helps overcome the variations in the tube wall thickness over a broader
range. Regardless of the variations, the roller imparts the same amount of stress
on the tubing that is proportional to the spring constant, making this a constant
stress operation. The spring is selected to overcome not only the hoop strength
of the tubing, but also the pressure of the pumped fluid.

Figure 13

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SEMINAR REPORT (2022- 2023) PERISTALTIC PUMP

CHAPTER 10
APPLICATIONS

• Dialysis machines.
• Food manufacturing industries.
• Paper and pulp industries.
• Aquariums.
• Pharmaceutical industries.
• Construction areas.
• Auto analysers.
• Infusion pumps.
• Chemical handling.
• Carbon monoxide observers.
• Waste and waste water management.
• Agricultural activities.

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SEMINAR REPORT (2022- 2023) PERISTALTIC PUMP

CHAPTER 11
ADVANTAGES

• No pollution due to the single element of the pump to get in touch with
the liquid being pushed is the centre of the tube, and it is simple to purify
the inside of the pump.
• It requires less protection, and low cost to maintain due to their lack of
valves glands & seals.
• They are capable of handling viscous, slurry fluids.
• The designing of the pump stops backflow without valves.
• Low cost when compared to the conventional pumping systems.
• Requires less power.

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CHAPTER 12
DISADVANTAGES

• The tubes which are flexible will be apt to degrade by time & need
periodic substitute.
• The liquid flow will be pulsed, mostly at small rotational rates. So, these
types of pumps are not much suitable wherever a level reliable flow can
be necessary. Another kind of PD (positive displacement) pump must be
considered.
• Skilled labour required for changing the hosings.
• Tube life is limited.

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CHAPTER 13
CONCLUSION

Peristaltic pump has become a critical and reliable part of processes ranging
from chemical transfer to pharmaceutical transfer. The ease to use the pump
has made it to met with fluid handling challenges. Peristaltic metering pumps
are a good choice when pumping dirty fluids that contain particulates or
trapped gas. The constant flow and gentle peristaltic pumping action help
deliver precise amounts of chemical to a system without loss of prime.

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CHAPTER 14
REFERENCES

1. E N Aitavade, S D Patil, A N Kadam, T S Mulla – An overview of

peristaltic pump suitable for handling of various slurries and liquids,
IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering ( IOSR – JMCE ),
ISSN 2278 – 1684.

2. Dr. S Venkateshwarlu – Performance study of a Peristaltic pump,

International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology
(IJMET), volume - 9, issue – 18, November 2020, ISSN print 0976- 6340
and ISSN online 0976 – 6359.

3. Shawn W Walker , Michael J Shelly – Shape optimization of Peristaltic

Pumping, ELSIVER Journal of Computational physics 229 (2010) ISSN
1260 – 1291.

4. K.Chakradhar, T.V.A.P.Sastry, S.Sreenadh 2018 Peristaltic transport of

Bingham fluid in a channel with permeable walls. International journal
of innovative technology & creative Engineering (ISSN: 2045-8711)
vol.2 no.1 January 2018.

5. S. Venkateswarulu , G. Krishnaiah , V. Diwakar Reddy ,S. Sreenadh and

P. Ramesh Kumar, Peristaltic Pumping of a Conducting Bingham Fluid
in a Channel , Proceedings International Conference on Fluid Dynamics
and Thermodynamics Technologies (FDTT 2012) IPCSIT, pp 143-148.

6. Shapiro , A H Jaffrin – Peristaltic pumping with long wave length at low

Reynold’s number, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 37,pp,799-825.

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