WHAT IS GUIDANCE?

Guidance is the process of helping an individual understand himself and his world. Literally, the
word guidance derive from its root word, ‘guide’ which means direct, watch over, know, pilot, manage, steer, aid,
lead and inform. Many definitions of guidance, some of which make the concept more explicit are given in the
discussion that follows; guidance can also be define as a Programmer of service to individual students [provided by
teacher and administration ,as well as by guidance specialists];

Based upon

The need of each student,

And understanding of his immediate environments, peers teachers, parents etc the effect of these
influences on the student, the unique features of each school; designed to help student adjust to his
environments. Develop the ability to set realistic goals for himself, realize his potential in obtaining these goal
integrate these new experiences with the concept 0f self. Improve the total educational programmer.

Arbuckle and others [1966] attempted to clarify the usage of the term by pointing out the distinctions
implicit in the word ‘’guidance:

According to them, when used as;

I. A concept,-guidance denotes the utilization of a point of view in order to help individual.

II. An educational construct,-it refer to the provision of experiences that help pupils to understand
themselves. Accept themselves and live
Effectively in the society.
III. A service –it refer to the procedure and processes organized to achieve a helping relationship.

WHAT IS COUNSELLING? Counseling has been used to denote a wide range of procedure including advice giving,
support in times of trouble or need, encouragement, information giving, and test interpretation. Dictionary
definition.

Stresses advice and mental exchange of ideas

COUNSELLING CAN ALSO BEEN SEEN

As person-to person relationship in which one person helps another to resolve an area of conflict that has not
been resolved. The helper in the relationship is by virtue of his training and experience, a counselor who attempts
to assist the student [client] in becoming an independent person that the student is experiencing in his
development. Conflict areas include conflict with others, with self, lack of information about self and environment
and lack of the knowledge and skills requisite to personal achievement. Therefore counseling is a process in which
the the counsellor assist the counselee to make interpretation of facts relating to a choice, plant or adjustment.
This assistance many take forms. It may be educational, vocational, social, personal, emotional or moral.