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1-What microorganisms the human gut have

2- where
3- And what is the ratio of microorganisms compared to eukaryotes
4- How did the gut bacrtria develop
5- Role of microorganisms
6- Microorganisms are double sided explain
7- Ways to detect microorganisms
8- You have to know the the bacteria culture technique, unit 4
9- How CNS is related to homeositasis
10- Gut flora is double edged explain
11- How the brain and gut is connected
12- What does the vegus nerve control

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13- How microorganism affects anti tumor immune

14- Synapse reviewed para 8
15- ANH function
16- Neurodegenerative dieses and their treatments reviewed unit 5
17- Scans of the body reviewed para 11 ( mri fmri ct x )
18- Schizophrenia wowwwww
19- the circulatory system reviewed para 13

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20- autoimmune diseases

21- MS
22- chronic bowel diseases can induce intracranial inflammation, lead to the death of dopaminergic
neurons > so you need to revise how l-dopa works and what will happen if it died
23- AD
24- BBB and inflammation
25- How inflammatory response
26- Under normal conditions, LPS cannot enter the bloodstream why ?
27- What do injection of LPS into mice do ?

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28- Serotonin revised

29- Where do serotonin synthesized
30- How to decrease the Aβ-protein levels in the brain
31- Revise
relationship between the brain and the gut includes neurology, metabolism, hormones,
immunity
 32- the microbiota-gut-brain axis.
 The importance of the gut-brain axis in maintaining homeostasis has long been
appreciated. However, the past 15 yr have seen the emergence of the microbiota (the
trillions of microorganisms within and on our bodies) as one of the key regulators of
gut-brain function and has led to the appreciation of the importance of a distinct
microbiota-gut-brain axis. This axis is gaining ever more traction in fields
investigating the biological and physiological basis of psychiatric,
neurodevelopmental, age-related, and neurodegenerative disorders. The microbiota
and the brain communicate with each other via various routes including the immune
system, tryptophan metabolism, the vagus nerve and the enteric nervous system,
involving microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids, branched chain amino
acids, and peptidoglycans. Many factors can influence microbiota composition in
early life, including infection, mode of birth delivery, use of antibiotic medications,
the nature of nutritional provision, environmental stressors, and host genetics. At the
other extreme of life, microbial diversity diminishes with aging. Stress, in particular,
can significantly impact the microbiota-gut-brain axis at all stages of life. Much
recent work has implicated the gut microbiota in many conditions including autism,
anxiety, obesity, schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. Animal
models have been paramount in linking the regulation of fundamental neural
processes, such as neurogenesis and myelination, to microbiome activation of
microglia. Moreover, translational human studies are ongoing and will greatly
enhance the field. Future studies will focus on understanding the mechanisms
underlying the microbiota-gut-brain axis and attempt to elucidate microbial-based
intervention and therapeutic strategies for neuropsychiatric disorders.

Onllyyyyy readinggg but understand it toooo