Practice Test 22 : Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter

1. A particle of mass 1 mg has the same wavelength as an 8. Which of the following when falls on a metal will emit
electron moving with a velocity of 3×106 ms–1. The velocity photoelectrons ?
of the particle is: (a) UV radiations (b) Infrared radiation
(a) 2.7× 10–18 ms–1 (b) 9 × 10–2 ms–1 (c) Radio waves (d) Microwaves
(c) 3 × 10–31 ms–1 (d) 2.7×10–21 ms–1 9. The stopping potential (V 0 ) versus V0
frequency (v) plot of a substance is 2
2. An electron of mass m and a photon have same energy E. shown in figure, the threshold
The ratio of de-Broglie wavelengths associated with them wavelength is 1
is : (a) 5 × 1014m
1 1 (b) 6000 Å
4 5 6 7 8
1æ E ö2 æ E ö2 (c) 5000 Å v × 1014 Hz
(a) (b) ç
ç ÷
c è 2m ø è 2m ÷ø (d) Cannot be estimated from given data
10. A material particle with a rest mass m0 is moving with speed
1 of light c. The de-Broglie wavelength associated is given
1
1 æ 2m ö 2 by
(c) c(2mE) 2 (d) ç ÷
cè E ø (a)
h
(b)
m0c
(c) zero (d) ¥
m0c h
3. All electrons ejected from a surface by incident light of
wavelength 200nm can be stopped before travelling 1m in 11. A 200 W sodium street lamp emits yellow light of wavelength
the direction of uniform electric field of 4N/C. The work 0.6 µm. Assuming it to be 25% efficient in converting
function of the surface is electrical energy to light, the number of photons of yellow
light it emits per second is
(a) 4 eV (b) 6.2 eV (c) 2 eV (d) 2.2 eV (a) 1.5 × 1020 (b) 6 × 1018
(c) 62 × 10 20 (d) 3 × 1019
4. The maximum kinetic energy of the electrons hitting a target 12. A proton has kinetic energy E = 100 keV which is equal to
so as to produce X-ray of wavelength 1 Å is
(a) 1.24 keV (b) 12.4 keV that of a photon. The wavelength of photon is l2 and that
(c) 124 keV (d) None of these of proton is l1. The ratio of l2/l1 is proportional to
5. An X-ray tube is operated at 15 kV. Calculate the upper limit (a) E2 (b) E1/2 (c) E–1 (d) E–1/2
of the speed of the electrons striking the target. 13. In photoelectric effect the work function of a metal is 3.5 eV.
The emitted electrons can be stopped by applying a potential
(a) 7.26 × 107 m/s (b) 7.62 × 109 m/s of –1.2 V. Then
(c) 7.62 × 107 cm/s (d) 7.26 × 109 m/s (a) the energy of the incident photon is 4.7 eV
6. A and B are two metals with threshold frequencies (b) the energy of the incident photon is 2.3 eV
1.8 × 1014 Hz and 2.2 × 1014 Hz. Two identical photons of (c) if higher frequency photon be used, the photoelectric
energy 0.825 eV each are incident on them. Then current will rise
photoelectrons are emitted in (Take h = 6.6 × 10–34 Js) (d) when the energy of photon is 3.5 eV, the photoelectric
(a) B alone (b) A alone current will be maximum
14. The threshold frequency for a metallic surface corresponds
(c) neither A nor B (d) both A and B.
to an energy of 6.2 eV and the stopping potential for a
7. If E1, E2, E3 are the respective kinetic energies of an electron, radiation incident on this surface is 5 V. The incident radiation
an alpha-particle and a proton, each having the same lies in
de-Broglie wavelength, then (a) ultra-violet region (b) infra-red region
(a) E1 > E3 > E2 (b) E2 > E3 > E1 (c) visible region (d) X-ray region
(c) E1 > E2 > E3 (d) E1 = E2 = E3 15. When photons of energy hn fall on an aluminium plate (of
work function E0), photoelectrons of maximum kinetic energy
K are ejected. If the frequency of the radiation is doubled,
the maximum kinetic energy of the ejected photoelectrons
will be
(a) 2K (b) K (c) K + hn (d) K + E0
16. Which metal will be suitable for a photoelectric cell using 25. In photoelectric effect, stopping potential for a light of
light of wavelength 4000Å. The work functions of sodium frequency n 1 is V1. If light is replaced by another having a
and copper are respectively 2.0 eV and 4.0 eV. frequency n 2 then its stopping potential will be
(a) Sodium (b) Copper
h h
(c) Both (d) None of these (a) V1 - n 2 - n1 (b) V1 + n 2 + n1
17. The maximum velocity of an electron emitted by light of e e
wavelength l incident on the surface of a metal of work- h h
function f is (c) V1 + n 2 - 2n1 (d) V1 + n 2 - n1
e e
2( hc + lf ) 2(hc + lf ) 26. The maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons ejected
(a) (b)
ml ml from a photocathode when it is irradiated with light of
2(hl - f) wavelength 440nm is 1eV. If the threshold energy of the
2( hc - lf )
(c) (d) surface is 1.9eV, then which of the following statement
ml m
is/are incorrect?
18. If the kinetic energy of a free electron doubles, it’s deBroglie (a) The threshold frequency for photo sensitive metal is
wavelength changes by the factor 4.6 × 1014Hz
1 1 (b) The minimum wavelength of incident light required for
(a) 2 (b) (c) 2 (d) photoemission is 6513 Å.
2 2
19. Radiations of two photon’s energy, twice and ten times the (c) The maximum wavelength of incident light required for
work function of metal are incident on the metal surface photoemission is 6513 Å.
successsively. The ratio of maximum velocities of (d) The energy of incident photon is 2.9 eV.
photoelectrons emitted in two cases is 27. The work functions of metals A and B are in the raio 1 : 2.
(a) 1 : 2 (b) 1 : 3 (c) 1 : 4 (d) 1 : 1 If light of frequencies f and 2f are incident on the surfaces of
20. The cathode of a photoelectric cell is changed such that the A and B respectively, the ratio of the maximum kinetic
work function changes from W1 to W2 (W2 > W1). If the energies of photoelectrons emitted is (f is greater than
current before and after changes are I1 and I2, all other threshold frequency of A, 2f is greater than threshold
conditions remaining unchanged, then (assuming hn > W2) frequency of B)
(a) I1 = I2 (b) I1 < I2 (a) 1 : 1 (b) 1 : 2 (c) 1 : 3 (d) 1 : 4
(c) I1 > I2 (d) I1 < I2 < 2 I1 28. Which one of the following graphs represents the variation
21. Monochromatic radiation emitted when electron on of maximum kinetic energy (EK) of the emitted electrons
hydrogen atom jumps from first excited to the ground state with frequency in photoelectric effect correctly ?
irradiates a photosensitive material. The stopping potential (a) EK (b) EK
is measured to be 3.57 V. The threshold frequency of the
materials is :
(a) 4 × 1015 Hz (b) 5 × 1015 Hz
(c) 1.6 × 1015 Hz (d) 2.5 × 1015 Hz
22. Photoelectric work function of a metal is 1eV. Light of
wavelength l = 3000 Å falls on it. The photo electrons come
out with velocity EK
(c) EK (d)
(a) 10 metres/sec (b) 102 metres/sec
4
(c) 10 metres/sec (d) 106 metres/sec
23. When the energy of the incident radiation is incredased by
20%, the kinetic energy of the photoelectrons emitted from
a metal surface increased from 0.5 eV to 0.8 eV. The work
function of the metal is :
(a) 0.65 eV (b) 1.0 eV (c) 1.3 eV (d) 1.5 eV 29. The potential difference that must be applied to stop the
24. The maximum distance between interatomic lattice planes is fastest photoelectrons emitted by a nickel surface, having
15 Å. The maximum wavelength of X-rays which are work function 5.01 eV, when ultraviolet light of 200 nm falls
diffracted by this crystal will be on it, must be:
(a) 15 Å (b) 20 Å (c) 30 Å (d) 45 Å (a) 2.4 V (b) – 1.2 V (c) – 2.4 V (d) 1.2 V
30. X-rays are produced in X-ray tube operating at a given
37. A 5 watt source emits monochromatic light of wavelength
accelerating voltage. The wavelength of the continuous 5000 Å. When placed 0.5 m away, it liberates photoelectrons
X-rays has values from from a photosensitive metallic surface. When the source is
(a) 0 to ¥ moved to a distance of 1.0 m, the number of photoelectrons
(b) lmin to ¥, where lmin > 0 liberated will be reduced by a factor of
(c) 0 to lmax, where lmax < ¥ (a) 8 (b) 16 (c) 2 (d) 4
38. In the photoeletric effect, electrons are emitted
(d) lmin to lmax, where 0 < lmin < lmax < ¥ (a) at a rate that is proportional to the amplitude of the
31. Electrons used in an electron microscope are accelerated by incident radiation
a voltage of 25 kV. If the voltage is increased to 100kV then (b) with a maximum velocity proportional to the frequency
of the incident radiation
the de–Broglie wavelength associated with the electrons
(c) at a rate that is independent of the emitter
would (d) only if the frequency of the incident radiations is above
(a) increase by 2 times (b) decrease by 2 times a certain threshold value
(c) decrease by 4 times (d) increase by 4 times 39. The threshold frequency for a photosensitive metal is 3.3 ×
32. In the Davisson and Germer experiment, the velocity of 1014 Hz. If light of frequency 8.2 × 1014 Hz is incident on this
electrons emitted from the electron gun can be increased by metal, the cut-off voltage for the photoelectric emission is
nearly
(a) increasing the potential difference between the anode
(a) 2 V (b) 3 V (c) 5 V (d) 1 V
and filament
40. In an experiment on photoelectric effect, a student plots
(b) increasing the filament current
stopping potential V0 against reciprocal
(c) decreasing the filament current
of the wavelength l of the incident V
(d) decreasing the potential difference between the anode light for two different metals A and
0 Metal A
Metal B

and filament B. These are shown in the figure.

33. Two radiations of photons energies 1 eV and 2.5 eV, 1/l
successively illuminate a photosensitive metallic surface of Looking at the graphs, you can most appropriately say that:
work function 0.5 eV. The ratio of the maximum speeds of (a) Work function of metal B is greater than that of metal A
the emitted electrons is : (b) F or light of certain wavelength falling on both metal,
(a) 1 : 4 (b) 1 : 2 (c) 1 : 1 (d) 1 : 5 maximum kinetic energy of electrons emitted from A
34. Photoelectric emission is observed from a metallic surface will be greater than those emitted from B.
for frequencies v1 and v2 of the incident light rays (v1 > v2). (c) Work function of metal A is greater than that of metal B
If the maximum values of kinetic energy of the photoelectrons (d) Students data is not correct
emitted in the two cases are in the ratio of 1 : k, then the 41. White X-rays are called white due to the fact that
threshold frequency of the metallic surface is (a) they are electromagnetic radiations having nature
v1 - v 2 kv1 - v 2 same as that of white light.
(a) (b) (b) they are produced most abundantly in X ray tubes.
k -1 k -1 (c) they have a continuous wavelength range.
(d) they can be converted to visible light using coated
kv2 - v1 v2 - v1
(c) (d) screens and photographic plates are affected by
k -1 k them just like light.
35. Which of the following is/are false regarding cathode 42. The wavelength associated with an electron, accelerated
rays? through a potential difference of 100 V, is of the order of
(a) 1000 Å (b) 100 Å (c) 10.5 Å (d) 1.2 Å
(a) They produce heating effect 43. Monochromatic light of frequency 6.0 × 1014 Hz is produced
(b) They don’t deflect in electric field by a laser. The power emitted is 2 × 10–3 w. The number of
(c) They cast shadow photons emitted, on the average, by the sources per second
(d) They produce fluorescence is
(a) 5 × l 016 (b) 5 × 1017 (c) 5 × 1014 (d) 5 × 1015
36. The ratio of the respective de Broglie wavelengths
44. Th e de-Br oglie wavelength of neutr on in thermal
associated with electrons accelerated from rest with the equilibrium at temperature T is
voltages 100 V, 200 V and 300 V is
30.8 3.08 0.308 0.0308
(a) Å (b) Å (c) Å (d) Å
1 1 1 1
(a) 1 : 2 : 3 (b) 1 : 4 : 9 (c) 1: : (d) 1: :
2 3 2 3 45. Which of the following cannot be explained on the basis
of photoelectric theory?
(a) Instantaneous emission of photoelectrons
(b) Existence of threshold frequency
(c) Sufficiently intense beam of radiation can emit
photoelectrons
(d) Existence of stopping potential
 Practice Set 23 : Atoms

1. The potential energy associated with an electron in the orbit 6. A 12.5 eV electron beam is used to bombard gaseous
(a) increases with the increases in radii of the orbit hydrogen at room temperature. It will emit :
(b) decreases with the increase in the radii of the orbit (a) 2 lines in the Lyman series and 1 line in the Balmar
(c) remains the same with the change in the radii of the orbit series
(d) None of these (b) 3 lines in the Lyman series
2. The diagram shows the energy levels for an electron in a (c) 1 line in the Lyman series and 2 lines in the Balmar
certain atom. Which transition shown represents the series
emission of a photon with the most energy? (d) 3 lines in the Balmer series
7. A Hydrogen atom and a Li++ ion are both in the second
n =4
n =3
excited state. If lH and lLi are their respective electronic
angular momenta, and EH and ELi their respective energies,
n =2 then
(a) lH > lLi and |EH| > |ELi| (b) lH = lLi and |EH| < |ELi|
(c) lH = lLi and |EH| > |ELi| (d) lH < lLi and |EH| < |ELi|
n =1 8. The radius of hydrogen atom in its ground state is
I II III IV
(a) IV (b) III (c) II (d) I 5.3 × 10–11 m. After collision with an electron it is found to
3. Electrons in a certain energy level n = n1, can emit 3 spectral have a radius of 21.2 × 10–11 m. What is the principal quantum
lines. When they are in another energy level, n = n 2. They number n of the final state of the atom
can emit 6 spectral lines. The orbital speed of the electrons (a) n = 4 (b) n = 2 (c) n = 16 (d) n = 3
in the two orbits are in the ratio of 9. When hydrogen atom is in its first excited level, its radius is
(a) four times its ground state radius
(a) 4 : 3 (b) 3 : 4 (c) 2 : 1 (d) 1 : 2 (b) twice
4. In Rutherford scattering experiment, the number of (c) same
(d) half
a-particles scattered at 60° is 5 × 106. The number of
10. Consider 3rd orbit of He+ (Helium), using non-relativistic
a-particles scattered at 120° will be approach, the speed of electron in this orbit will be [given K
3 = 9 × 109 constant, Z = 2 and h (Plank's Constant)
(a) 15 × 106 (b) × 106 = 6.6 × 10–34 J s]
5
5 (a) 1.46 × 106 m/s (b) 0.73 × 106 m/s
(c) × 106 (d) None of these 8
(c) 3.0 × 10 m/s (d) 2.92 × 106 m/s
9
11. An electron in the hydrogen atom jumps from excited state
5. In the Bohr model an electron moves in a circular orbit around n to the ground state. The wavelength so emitted illuminates
the proton. Considering the orbiting electron to be a circular a photosensitive material having work function 2.75 eV. If
current loop, the magnetic moment of the hydrogen atom, the stopping potential of the photoelectron is 10 V, the value
when the electron is in nth excited state, is : of n is
æ e n2 h ö æ e ö nh (a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 2
(a) ç ÷ (b) ç ÷ 12. The electron in a hydrogen atom makes a transition from an
ç 2m 2p ÷ è m ø 2p
è ø excited state to the ground state. Which of the following
æ e ö nh 2 statements is true?
æ e ön h
(c) ç ÷ (d) ç ÷ (a) Its kinetic energy increases and its potential energy
è 2m ø 2p è m ø 2p decreases.
(b) Its kinetic energy decreases, potential energy increases.
(c) Its kinetic and its potential energy increases.
(d) Its kinetic, potential energy decrease.
13. An energy of 24.6 eV is required to remove one of the
electrons from a neutral helium atom. The energy in (eV)
required to remove both the electrons from a neutral helium
atom is
(a) 38.2 (b) 49.2 (c) 51.8 (d) 79.0
14. One of the lines in the emission spectrum of Li2+ has the 23. The ionization energy of the electron in the hydrogen atom
same wavelength as that of the 2nd line of Balmer series in in its ground state is 13.6 eV. The atoms are excited to higher
hydrogen spectrum. The electronic transition corresponding energy levels to emit radiations of 6 wavelengths. Maximum
to this line is n = 12 ® n = x. Find the value of x. wavelength of emitted radiation corresponds to the
(a) 8 (b) 6 (c) 7 (c) 5 transition between
257
15. If the atom 100Fm follows the Bohr model and the radius (a) n = 3 to n = 1 states (b) n = 2 to n = 1 states
of 100Fm257 is n times the Bohr radius, then find n. (c) n = 4 to n = 3 states (d) n = 3 to n = 2 states
(a) 100 (b) 200 (c) 4 (d) 1/4 24. The wavelengths involved in the spectrum of deuterium
16. The energy of He+ in the ground state is – 54.4 eV, then the
energy of Li++ in the first excited state will be
(a) – 30.6 eV (b) 27.2 eV
( D) are slightly different from that of hydrogen spectrum,
2
1
because
(c) – 13.6 eV (d) – 27.2 eV
(a) the size of the two nuclei are different
17. If the angular momentum of an electron in an orbit is J then
the K.E. of the electron in that orbit is (b) the nuclear forces are different in the two cases
(c) the masses of the two nuclei are different
J2 Jv J2 J2 (d) the attraction between the electron and the nucleus is
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2mr 2 r 2m 2p differernt in the two cases
18. Suppose an electron is attracted towards the origin by a 25. An electron in hydrogen atom makes a transition n1 ® n2
k where n1 and n2 are principal quantum numbers of the two
force where ‘k’ is a constant and ‘r’ is the distance of the states. Assuming Bohr’s model to be valid the time period
r
electron from the origin. By applying Bohr model to this of the electron in the initial state is eight times that in the
system, the radius of the nth orbital of the electron is found final state. The possible values of n1 and n2 are
to be ‘rn’ and the kinetic energy of the electron to be ‘Tn’. (a) n1 = 4 and n2 = 2 (b) n1 = 6 and n2 = 2
Then which of the following is true? (c) n1 = 8 and n2 = 1 (d) n1 = 8 and n2 = 2
1 2 26. Ina hydrogen like atom electronmake transition from an
(a) Tn µ 2 , rn µ n (b) Tn independent of n, rn µ n energy level with quantum number n to another with quantum
n
number (n – 1). If n>>1, the frequency of radiation emitted is
1 1
(c) Tn µ , rn µ n (d) Tn µ , rn µ n 2 proportional to :
n n 1 1 1 1
19. In Hydrogen spectrum, the wavelength of Ha line is 656 nm, (a) (b) 2
(c) 3
(d)
whereas in the spectrum of a distant galaxy, Ha line n n n n3
wavelength is 706 nm. Estimated speed of the galaxy with 2
respect to earth is 27. The spectrum obtained from a sodium vapour lamp is an
(a) 2 × 108 m/s (b) 2 × 107m/s example of
(c) 2 × 106 m/s (d) 2 × 105 m/s (a) band spectrum
20. In the hydrogen atom, an electron makes a transition from (b) continuous spectrum
n = 2 to n = 1. The magnetic field produced by the circulating (c) emission spectrum
electron at the nucleus (d) absorption spectrum
(a) decreases 16 times (b) increases 4 times 28. Ionization potential of hydrogen atom is 13.6eV. Hydrogen
(c) decreases 4 times (d) increases 32 times
atoms in the ground state are excited by monochromatic
21. What is the radius of iodine atom (At. no. 53, mass no. 126)
(a) 2.5 × 10–11 m (b) 2.5 × 10–9 m radiation of photon energy 12.1 eV. According to Bohr’s
(c) 7 × 10–9 m (d) 7 × 10–6 m theory, the spectral lines emitted by hydrogen will be
22. When an a-particle of mass 'm' moving with velocity 'v' (a) three (b) four (c) one (d) two
bombards on a heavy nucleus of charge 'Ze', its distance of
closest approach from the nucleus depends on m as :
1 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d) m
m m m2
 38. The ionisation potential of H-atom is 13.6 V. When it is excited
29. The Bohr model of atoms from ground state by monochromatic radiations of 970.6 Å,
(a) predicts the same emission spectra for all types of the number of emission lines will be (according to Bohr’s
atoms theory)
(b) assumes that the angular momentum of electrons is (a) 10 (b) 8 (c) 6 (d) 4
quantised 39. The energy of hydrogen atom in nth orbit is En, then the
(c) uses Einstein’s photoelectric equation energy in nth orbit of single ionised helium atom will be
(d) predicts continuous emission spectra for atoms (a) 4En (b) En/4 (c) 2En (d) En/2
30. The largest wavelength in the ultraviolet region of the 40. In the Rutherford experiment, a-particles are scattered from
hydrogen spectrum is 122 nm. The smallest wavelength in a nucleus as shown. Out of the four paths, which path is not
the infrared region of the hydrogen spectrum (to the nearest possible?
integer) is A
(a) 802 nm (b) 823 nm (c) 1882 nm (d) 1648 nm
31. A doubly ionised Li atom is excited from its ground state(n B
= 1) to n = 3 state. The wavelengths of the spectral lines are
given by l32, l31 and l21. The ratio l32/l31 and l21/l31 C
are, respectively D
(a) 8.1, 0.67 (b) 8.1, 1.2
(c) 6.4, 1.2 (d) 6.4, 0.67 (a) D (b) B (c) C (d) A
32. In Rutherford scattering experiment, what will be the correct 41. An electron changes its position from orbit n = 2 to the orbit
angle for a-scattering for an impact parameter, b = 0 ? n = 4 of an atom. The wavelength of the emitted radiations is
(a) 90° (b) 270° (c) 0° (d) 180° (R = Rydberg’s constant)
33. Consider 3rd orbit of He+ (Helium), using non-relativistic 16 16 16 16
approach, the speed of electron in this orbit will be [given (a) (b) (c) (d)
K = 9 × 109 constant, Z = 2 and h (Plank's Constant) R 3R 5R 7R
= 6.6 × 10–34 J s] 42. In a Rutherford scattering experiment when a projectile of
(a) 1.46 × 106 m/s (b) 0.73 × 106 m/s charge Z1 and mass M1approaches a target nucleus of
(c) 3.0 × 108 m/s (d) 2.92 × 106 m/s charge Z2 and mass M2, the distance of closest approach
34. The ionization energy of hydrogen atom is 13.6 eV. Following is r0. The energy of the projectile is
Bohr’s theory, the energy corresponding to a transition (a) directly proportional to Z1 Z2
between 3rd and 4th orbit is (b) inversely proportional to Z1
(a) 3.40 eV (b) 1.51 eV (c) 0.85 eV (d) 0.66 eV (c) directly proportional to mass M1
35. The transition from the state n = 3 to n = 1 in a hydrogen like (d) directly proportional to M1 × M2
atom results in ultraviolet radiation. Infrared radiation will 43. The wavelength of the first spectral line in the Balmer series
be obtained in the transition from :
of hydrogen atom is 6561 A°. The wavelength of the second
(a) 2 ® 1 (b) 3 ® 2 (c) 4 ® 2 (d) 4 ® 3
spectral line in the Balmer series of singly-ionized helium
36. Given the value of Rydberg constant is 107m–1, the wave
number of the last line of the Balmer series in hydrogen atom is
o o o o
spectrum will be : (a) 1215 A (b) 1640 A (c) 2430 A (d) 4687 A
(a) 0.025 × 104 m–1 (b) 0.5 × 107 m–1 44. If u1 is the frequency of the series limit of Lyman series,
(c) 0.25 × 107 m–1 (d) 2.5 × 107 m–1 u2 is the frequency of the first line of Lyman series and
37. Which of the plots shown in the figure represents speed u3 is the frequency of the series limit of the Balmer series
(vn) of the electron in a hydrogen atom as a function of the then
principal quantum number (n)? (a) u1 - u2 = u3 (b) u1 = u2 - u3
A C 1 1 1 1 1 1
(c) = + (d) = +
u2 u1 u3 u1 u2 u3
vn
D 45. In a hypothetical Bohr hydrogen atom, the mass of the electron
is doubled. The energy E¢0 and radius r¢0 of the first orbit will
be (r0 is the Bohr radius)
B (a) –11.2 eV (b) –6.8 eV (c) –13.6 eV (d) –27.2 eV
o 1 2 3 4 n
(a) B (b) D (c) C (d) A