CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter discusses related literature and studies on the creation Unlocking the
Impediments in Communication Skills of HUMSS of Aquinas de Escolar Academy, Inc. S.Y.
2022-2023 and how to improve it. Communication skill is a particularly significant role for every
HUMSS student. The study and literature will be an excessively big help on every student.

LOCAL LITERATURE

Chentez, Felicilda, Felisilda, Tabañag (2019) stated that an individual’s communication

will be based on how they speak confidently and what way they will be productive in their oral
communication skills. It is also stated in the study that anxiety can be one example of impediments
in communication skills.

According to Britt, Caña, Espiritu, Fabella, Idul, & Tang-O (2022) there are different types
of effective communication skills. In this study it talks about why a patient of a health care is afraid
to express their feelings. This study talks about asking question being an example of effective
communication skills.

According to Ponce (2011) Linguistic difficulties was one example of impediments in

communication skills. It affects their communication skills when they pause a bit to find time to
think for the right word or term for the things they want to say.

Tamayo & Caber (2022) stated that fear of getting negative feedback was the main reason
of impediments in communication skills. This study indicated that the students experienced a
moderate level of speaking anxiety in their public speaking class.

The majority of the respondents of this study were HUMSS students, and it shows that the
students had overrated exposure to social media. This study also stated that regardless of their age,
strand and degree of exposure to social media they have equal disposition on the components of
glossophobia

Fagsao, J., & Mi-ing, J. G. (2021) stated that when individuals are in front and being
focused in the audience, they experience emotions leading to nausea and excessive sweating
because of fear and anxiety.

FOREIGN LITERATURE

Most students have no intention of communication in English. The reason for this may
contribute to their limited acquisition of the language and their limited interest in it. A large
majority of students have no idea about how to cope themselves when they are confronted with
some words they do not know. This will undoubtedly result in the termination of a conversation.
(Ya-ni, 2007)

Fear of public speaking is a prevalent subtype of anxiety among college students. It occurs
more frequently in women, in students who rarely participate in activities involving speaking to
audiences, and in those who have a negative self-perception of their voice and characterize it as
high-pitched or soft. Most college students appreciate and are interested in having classes for
public speaking in their university curriculum. (Marinho, et al., 2017)
Thematic analysis was used to identify the following six themes, namely: fear of being
judged, physical symptoms, uncertainty about the topic, negative effect on university experience,
practice and preparation, and more practical support needed. (Grieve, et al., 2021)

LOCAL STUDIES
Arce, et al. (2017) noted that most of the respondents cause nervousness, fear, and shyness
in front of many people. They also stated that the participants felt that they are being judged of the
people they talked to.
Ramos, et al. (2017) stated that it can be concluded that communication apprehension in
public speaking is a barrier that hinders senior high school students from participating and
engaging in oral communication activities
Through our findings, we have discovered the limitation of this study. We are lack in local
studies. There are no other available local studies that are available for out topic. But the study of
Arce, et al. (2017) can be the most relevant for our topic.

FOREIGN STUDIES
According to Watkins (2014 the literature identified the fear and anxiety of public speaking
as common to most people even in their native language. This anxiety and fear are even more of a
challenge for individuals who are English language learners and dread receiving a negative
evaluation. The recognition of speaking before a group as a common problem confirms the need
for students to develop strategies to control their anxiety levels before and during this activity.
According to Alahmmari (2016) fear of misunderstanding are one of the impediments in
communication skills. Individuals are afraid in communicating because they are thinking that they
might be misunderstood that can lead to misunderstanding.
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
BARRIERS TO EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
Communication is a process of ideas, information, feelings, etc. passing to another person.
But everyone have encountered so many impediments in their communication skills. This theory
is the most relevant to support our study. When we talk, we tend to erect barriers that hinder our
ability to communicate.
According to Smith (2013) There are seven types of barriers to effective communication.
He concluded “to have others open up to you, you must be open yourself. By overcoming these
barriers to communication, you can ensure that the statement you are making is not just heard, but
also understood, by the person you are speaking with. In this way, you can be confident that your
point has been expressed”
SMITH’S BARRIER TO EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION MODEL

PHYSICAL
BARRIERS
PERCEPTUAL
BARRIERS
BARRIER TO EFFECTIVE

EMOTIONAL
COMMUNICATION

BARRIERS
CULTURAL
BARRIERS
LANGUAGE
BARRIERS

GENDER BARRIERS

INTERPERSONAL
BARRIERS
 PARADIGM OF THE STUDY

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

• Profile of the • Questionnaires • Unlocking the

respondents
• Hindrances in
communication skills
encountered by the
respondents
• Strategies after
encountering the
hindrances in
communication skills
• Interview Impediments in
Communication Skills
of HUMSS Students of
Aquinas de Escolar
Academy, Inc. S.Y.
2022-2023 and How
to Improve it.

FIG. 1
INPUT refers to the background and profile of the respondents in terms of:
• Age
• Gender
• Hindrances Encountered
• Strategies after encountering the hindrances
PROCESS shows how the researchers conduct the study and process the collection of data.
OUTPUT of the research is to Unlock the Impediments in Communication Skills and improve the
communication skills of the respondents
RELEVANCE OF THE REVIEW LITERATURE STUDIES TO THE PRESENT STUDY

Having an effective communication skill is a great impact to the everyday

lives of each HUMSS student. This study discusses the impediments in communication skills
encountered by HUMSS students. The purpose of this is to help those students that are facing
different impediments and having a hard time to communicate. This study will really benefit
students who lacks in communication.

The related literature and studies serve as the guide or instruments of this
study. The researchers collect some information that may help their study. Studies and literature,
both local and foreign were the resources to conduct this study.