Fourth Class Process Control

6-Dynamics of isothermal condition stirred tank reaction(CSTR):

It is important example in chemical eng. , continues stirred tank reactor :

1. 1st order reaction

2. Reaction is carried out isothermally k≠ f ( temp .)

Rate of reaction under isothermal condition r=f(con.)

r A =kC A

1. Steady state mass balance on reactant A

o
o d Co
o o
Q C −QC −Vk C =V
i o =0( 1)o
dt

Assuming at time t=0 , Ci is changed

2. Unsteady state mass balance on reactant A :

' ' d C 'o (t)

'
Q C (t )−QC (t )−Vk C (t )=V
i o o =0( 2)
dt

Subtracting eq.(1)from(2)

d ( Co ( t )−C o )
' o

Q ( C ( t )−C i ) −Q ( Co ( t )−C o )−Vk ( C o ( t ) −C o) =V

' o ' o ' o
i
dt

d Co ( t )
Q Ci ( t ) −QC o ( t ) −Vk C o ( t ) =V (3)
dt

d C o (t )
V + ( Q+ kV ) Co ( t )=Q Ci ( t )
dt

d Co (t )
( V
Q+kV dt ) +C o ( t )=
Q
C (t)
Q+kV i

( τs+ 1 ) C o ( s )=k C i ( s )

k V Q
G ( s )= τ= k=
Qs+1 Q+ kV Q+ kV

Response of 1st order system to an impulse function:

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Fourth Class Process Control

y( s) k
G ( s )= =
f ( s ) τs+ 1

f ( t )=w f ( s )=C

−1 k Ck −1 1 Ck −t / τ
y (t)= ʆ C = ʆ = e
Response τs+ 1 τ
s+
1 τ
τ

y ( t ) =α e−t / τ

t=0 y ( t ) =α

t→∞ y ( t ) =0

at t=τ y ( t ) =α e−1=0.37 α

Fig.19 Response of first order system to impulse input

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