All Tenses

Materi 1 – Present Simple with Be
Dalam bahasa Inggris, setiap kalimat WAJIB memiliki kata kerja (verb). Oleh karena itu,
sebelum kata benda (noun), kata sifat (adjective), dan kata keterangan (adverb), harus ada
“Be” yang sifatnya setara dengan verb. “Be” pada Present Simple yaitu “am”, “is”, dan “are”.
FORMULA
Positive Sentence
I am okay. I’m okay.
He is okay. He’s okay.
She is okay. She’s okay.
It is okay. It’s okay.
You are okay. You’re okay.
We are okay. We’re okay.
They are okay. They’re okay.
Negative Sentence
I am not okay. I’m not okay. -
He is not okay. He’s not okay. He isn’t okay.
She is not okay. She’s not okay. She isn’t okay.
It is not okay. It’s not okay. It isn’t okay.
You are not okay. You’re not okay. You aren’t okay.
We are not okay. We’re not okay. We aren’t okay.
They are not okay. They’re not okay. They aren’t okay.
Yes/No Question
Am I okay?
Is he okay?
Is she okay?
Is it okay?
Are you okay?
Are we okay?
Are they okay?
Wh-/How… Question
How am I okay?
How is he okay?
How is she okay?
How is it okay?
How are you okay?
How are we okay?
How are they okay?
Materi diterjemahkan dan diadaptasi dari www.perfect-english-grammar.com

FUNGSI
Noun
Singular: She’s a doctor.
Plural: They’re not doctors.
→ Untuk kata benda, berikan a/an di depan yang singular dan akhiran -s/-es pada yang plural.
Adjective
Singular: It isn’t fine.
Plural: You’re fine.
→ “You” dapat berarti “kamu” atau “kalian” sesuai konteks.
Adverb
Singular: He’s in the kitchen.
Plural: We’re in the kitchen.
→ Adverb ada banyak jenisnya, di sini contohnya keterangan tempat (adverb of place).
Yes/No Question vs Wh-/How… Question
Untuk konfirmasi, pakai Yes/No Question

• Are you okay? = Apakah kamu baik-baik saja?
• Is the exam easy? = Apakah ujiannya mudah?
Jawabannya seperti ini

• FULL FORM: Yes, I am okay. SHORT FORM: Yes, I am.
• FULL FORM: No, it is not easy. SHORT FORM: No, it isn’t.
Untuk mendapatkan informasi, pakai Wh-/How… Question

• What is that? = Apa itu?
• How old are you? = Berapa umurmu?

• FULL FORM: That is a car. SHORT FORM: A car.
• FULL FORM: I’m twenty years old. SHORT FORM: Twenty.

LATIHAN FORMULA
Positive
https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/present-simple-exercise-11.html
Negative
Question
Mixed
Cara mengerjakan latihan

1. Buka link dan isi kotak yang kosong dengan jawaban yang benar
She (be) fine → Isi kotak dengan “is”
2. Klik Check atau tekan Enter pada keyboard sampai muncul tanda ✓ warna hijau
3. Jika tanda yang muncul adalah ✕ warna merah, perbaiki jawaban dan klik Check lagi
4. Jika tidak tahu kesalahanmu di mana, klik Show untuk melihat kunci jawaban
5. Kerjakan dan perbaiki semua soal sampai setiap kotak bertanda ✓
LATIHAN LAIN
https://agendaweb.org/verbs/tobe-pronouns/index.html
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/to-be/contracted-forms
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/to-be-present-simple
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/present-to-be
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/tobe-present.htm
https://agendaweb.org/verbs/tobe-present/index.html
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/to-be/questions-1
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/to-be/questions-2
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/to-be/affirmative-negative-questions
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/to-be/affirmative-negative-questions-write
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/to-be/wh-questions
https://www.english-4u.de/en/tenses-exercises/verb-to-be.htm
https://www.english-4u.de/en/tenses-exercises/verb-to-be2.htm
https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/be.htm
https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/be2.htm
https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/structures/contracted_forms_be.htm

Materi 2 – Present Simple with Other Verbs
FORMULA
Positive Sentence
I sleep.
He sleeps.
She sleeps.
It sleeps.
You sleep.
We sleep.
They sleep.
Catatan: Khusus untuk have, perubahannya menjadi has. Khusus untuk verb go, do, serta verb
yang memiliki akhiran -sh, -ch, -ss, dan -x, perubahannya ditambah -es (misalnya pushes).
Khusus untuk verb dengan akhiran -y, lihat dulu huruf sebelumnya. Kalau vokal seperti pay
ditambah -s jadi pays, tapi kalau konsonan seperti try perubahannya menjadi -ies yaitu tries.
Negative Sentence
I do not sleep. I don’t sleep.
He does not sleep. He doesn’t sleep.
She does not sleep. She doesn’t sleep.
It does not sleep. It doesn’t sleep.
You do not sleep. You don’t sleep.
We do not sleep. We don’t sleep.
They do not sleep. They don’t sleep.
Yes/No Question
Do I sleep?
Does he sleep?
Does she sleep?
Does it sleep?
Do you sleep?
Do we sleep?
Do they sleep?
Wh-/How… Question →
When do I sleep?
When does he sleep?
When does he sleep?
When does it sleep?
When do you sleep?
When do we sleep?
When do they sleep?

FUNGSI

• Do you go to SMP 1 Jakarta? = Apakah kamu bersekolah di SMP 1 Jakarta?
• Does she like pizza? = Apakah dia suka pizza?

• FULL FORM: Yes, I go to SMP 1 Jakarta. SHORT FORM: Yes, I do.
• FULL FORM: No, she does not like pizza. SHORT FORM: No, she doesn’t.

• Where do you go to school? = Di mana kamu bersekolah?
• What time does she usually eat lunch? = Jam berapa dia biasanya makan siang?

• FULL FORM: I go to SMP 1 Jakarta. SHORT FORM: SMP 1 Jakarta.
• FULL FORM: She usually eats lunch at 2 o’clock. SHORT FORM: 2 o’clock.
Frekuensi
always = selalu
usually = biasanya
often = sering
sometimes = kadang-kadang
seldom = jarang
rarely = sangat jarang
never = tidak pernah
Cara menaruhnya lihat apakah pakai “be” atau pakai verb lainnya.
Anita always comes to class on time.
Anita is always on time for class.
Rutinitas
every day = setiap hari

every morning = setiap pagi
every Wednesday = setiap Rabu
once = sekali, twice/two times = dua kali, three times = tiga kali, four times = empat kali, dst.
once a day = sehari sekali
twice a week = seminggu dua kali
monthly = sebulan sekali
annually = setahun sekali
Biasanya ditaruh di akhir kalimat.

She goes to school every day.

LATIHAN FORMULA
Positive
https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/present-simple-spelling-exercise.html
Negative
Question
Mixed

LATIHAN LAIN
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/present/affirmative-forms-pronouns
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/present/affirmative-forms-1
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/present/third-person
https://agendaweb.org/verbs/present-simple/index.html
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/present/affirmative-quiz
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/present-forms.htm
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/present/affirmative-write
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/present/affirmative-write-2
https://www.english-4u.de/en/tenses-exercises/present-simple.htm
https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/simple_present_s.htm
https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/simple_present_statements.htm
https://www.english-room.com/grammar/presentsimpletense_affirmative_1.htm
https://www.english-room.com/grammar/presentsimple_mc_01.htm

Materi 3 – Present Simple Mixed
Mengacu pada materi Present Simple Be dan Other Verbs, silakan mengerjakan latihan
campuran berikut. Ingat, gunakan am/is/are (be) untuk kalimat yang tidak ada kata kerjanya
(verb), berarti ada kata benda (noun), kata sifat (adjective), atau kata keterangan (adverb).
LATIHAN FORMULA
Mixed

FUNGSI
Present Simple digunakan untuk:

• Fakta (the sun rises in the east, water boils at 100 degrees, dll)
• Rutinitas (every Sunday, monthly, annually, dll)
• Frekuensi (always, sometimes, never, dll)
LATIHAN LAINNYA
https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/english-grammar-reference/present-simple
https://learnenglishteens.britishcouncil.org/ar/grammar/beginner-grammar/present-simple
https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/simple-present-1
https://www.english-room.com/grammar/presentsimple_mc_01.htm
https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verb-tenses_present-simple_quiz.htm
https://www.englishgrammar.org/simple-present-tense-exercise-3/
https://www.english-4u.de/en/grammar-tests/present-simple.htm
https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/simple_present_mix.htm
https://www.grammarbank.com/simple-present-tense-exercise.html
https://test-english.com/grammar-points/a1/present-simple/
https://www.really-learn-english.com/simple-present-exercises.html

Materi 4 – Present Continuous
FORMULA
Positive Sentence
I am sleeping.
He is sleeping.
She is sleeping.
It is sleeping.
You are sleeping.
We are sleeping.
They are sleeping.
Negative Sentence
I am not sleeping. I’m not sleeping. -
He is not sleeping. He’s not sleeping. He isn’t sleeping.
She is not sleeping. She’s not sleeping. She isn’t sleeping.
It is not sleeping. It’s not sleeping. It isn’t sleeping.
You are not sleeping. You’re not sleeping. You aren’t sleeping.
We are not sleeping. We’re not sleeping. We aren’t sleeping.
They are not sleeping. They’re not sleeping. They aren’t sleeping.
Yes/No Question
Am I sleeping?
Is he sleeping?
Is she sleeping?
Is it sleeping?
Are you sleeping?
Are we sleeping?
Are they sleeping?
Wh-/How… Question
Why am I sleeping?
Why is he sleeping?
Why is she sleeping?
Why is it sleeping?
Why are you sleeping?
Why are we sleeping?
Why are they sleeping?

FUNGSI

• Are you reading? = Apakah kamu sedang membaca?
• Is she eating pizza? = Apakah dia sedang makan pizza?
• FULL FORM: Yes, I am reading. SHORT FORM: Yes, I am.
• FULL FORM: No, she is not eating pizza. SHORT FORM: No, she isn’t.

• What are you eating? = Apa yang sedang kamu makan?
• Where is she going? = Ke mana dia sedang/mau pergi?
• FULL FORM: I am eating bread. SHORT FORM: Bread.
• FULL FORM: She is going to school. SHORT FORM: To school.
Sekarang/sedang berlangsung saat ini

Now = right now = at the moment
She is playing football now.

Right now he is driving his car.
They are not studying at the moment.
Rencana masa depan yang sudah pasti (definite future plan)

Later = nanti
Tonight = malam ini
Tomorrow = besok
This Wednesday = Rabu ini
This weekend = akhir pekan ini
Next week = minggu depan
Next month = bulan depan
dll
I’m going out later.

She’s not studying tonight.
Are you coming tomorrow?
What are you planning to do this Wednesday?
Is she playing football this weekend?
I’m not doing anything next week.
He’s going to Jogja next month.
dll.

PERUBAHAN BENTUK
• 1 konsonan + -e = hilangkan -e dan tambahkan -ing

o smile → smiling
o write → writing
• 1 vokal + 1 konsonan = konsonan di-double dan tambahkan -ing
o sit → sitting
o run → running
• 2 vokal + 1 konsonan = tambahkan -ing saja
o read → reading
o rain → raining
• 2 konsonan = tambahkan -ing saja
o stand → standing
o push → pushing
LATIHAN FORMULA
Positive and Negative

https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/present-continuous-exercise-1.html
Question
Mixed

2. Klik Check sampai muncul tanda ✓ warna hijau
LATIHAN LAINNYA
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/present-continuous.htm
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/present-continuous-progressive/forms
https://agendaweb.org/verbs/present-continuous/index.html
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/present-progressive.htm

Materi 5 – Present Simple vs Present Continuous
FUNGSI
Present Simple
• Fakta
o The sun rises in the east.
o Water boils at 100 degrees.
• Rutinitas
o I eat breakfast every morning.
o We go to the fair annually.
• Frekuensi
o He always does his homework.
o She often goes to the cinema.
Present Continuous
• Sedang berlangsung sekarang
o I’m cooking your favorite food right now.
o They’re studying at the moment.
• Rencana masa depan yang sudah pasti
o Are you coming tomorrow?
o We’re not playing tennis this Sunday.
LATIHAN FUNGSI
Present Simple or Present Continuous?

https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/present-simple-present-continuous-1.html

LATIHAN LAINNYA
https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/simple_present_progressive.htm
https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/simple_present_progressive2.htm
https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/simple_present_progressive3.htm
https://www.focus.olsztyn.pl/en-present-simple-and-present-continuous-exercise.html
https://www.grammarbank.com/simple-present-vs-present-continuous-5.html
https://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/verbs1.htm

Materi 6 – Present Simple vs Present Continuous
for Stative Verbs
Kebanyakan verb berbentuk dynamic, yaitu bisa ditulis dalam bentuk simple maupun
continuous, misalnya “I play” dan “I’m playing”. Tapi, ada kata kerja yang tidak mempunyai
bentuk continuous yaitu stative verb.
Stative verb adalah kata kerja yang bentuknya tetap, sehingga hanya dapat ditulis dalam
bentuk simple. Stative verbs biasanya berbentuk mental state, seperti “I like”, “I have”, “I
agree”, “I think”, “I need”, “I want”, dll. Lengkapnya silakan lihat tabel di halaman selanjutnya.
Selain itu, ada beberapa kata yang sifatnya bisa dua, stative dan dynamic. Kok bisa? Karena
artinya sangat berbeda. Silakan lihat contohnya di tabel paling bawah.
Oleh karena itu, latihan hari ini masih sama seperti kemarin yaitu fungsi Present Simple dan
Present Continuous, tapi aspek simple ditambahkan stative verbs.
LATIHAN FUNGSI
Present Simple or Present Continuous?

https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/stative-verbs-exercise.html

LATIHAN LAINNYA
https://usefulenglish.ru/grammar/tenses-exercise-four
https://www.liveworksheets.com/worksheets/en/English_as_a_Second_Language_(ESL)/St
ative_verbs/Present_Simple_or_Continuous_-_Stative_verbs_kd496319qn
https://english.lingolia.com/en/grammar/verbs/stative/exercises
https://www.myenglishpages.com/english/grammar-exercise-stative-dynamic-verbs.php
https://www.tolearnenglish.com/exercises/exercise-english-2/exercise-english-91872.php
https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/grammar/intermediate-to-upper-
intermediate/stative-verbs

www.perfect-english-grammar.com
Stative Verbs List
Some verbs are only (or mostly) used in simple tenses, and are not used in continuous
tenses. An example of a simple tense is the present simple, or the past simple. An
example of a continuous tense is the present continuous or past continuous. These
verbs are called stative, or state verbs. A verb which isn’t stative is called a dynamic
verb, and is usually an action. Often stative verbs are about liking or disliking
something, or about a mental state, not about an action.
Verb Correct ot Correct

agree She didn’t agree with us. She wasn’t agreeing with us.
appear It appears to be raining. It is appearing to be raining.
believe I don’t believe the news. I am not believing the news.
belong This book belonged to my This book was belonging to my
grandfather. grandfather.
concern This concerns you. This is concerning you.
consist Bread consists of flour, water Bread is consisting of flour, water
and yeast. and yeast.
contain This box contains a cake. This box is containing a cake.
depend It depends on the weather. It’s depending on the weather.
deserve He deserves to pass the exam. He is deserving to pass the exam.
disagree I disagree with you. I am disagreeing with you.
dislike I have disliked mushrooms for I have been disliking mushrooms
years. for years.
doubt I doubt what you are saying. I am doubting what you are
saying.
feel (=have I don’t feel that this is a good I am not feeling that this is a good
an opinion) idea. idea.
fit This shirt fits me well. This shirt is fitting me well.
hate Julie’s always hated dogs. Julie’s always been hating dogs.
hear Do you hear music? Are you hearing music?
© 2009 www.perfect-english-grammar.com
May be freely copied for personal or classroom use.
imagine I imagine you must be tired. I am imagining you must be tired.
impress He impressed me with his story. He was impressing me with his
story.
include This cookbook includes a recipe This cookbook is including a
for bread. recipe for bread.
involve The job involves a lot of The job is involving a lot of
travelling. travelling.
know I’ve known Julie for ten years. I’ve been knowing Julie for ten
years.
like I like reading detective stories. I am liking reading detective
stories.
love I love chocolate. I’m loving chocolate.*
matter It doesn’t matter. It isn’t mattering.
mean ‘Enormous’ means ‘very big’. ‘Enormous’ is meaning ‘very big’.
measure (=be This window measures 150cm. This window is measuring
long) 150cm.
mind She doesn’t mind the noise. She isn’t minding the noise.
need At three o’clock yesterday I At three o’clock yesterday I was
needed a taxi. needing a taxi.
owe I owe you £20. I am owing you £20.
own She owns two cars. She is owning two cars.
prefer I prefer chocolate ice cream. I am preferring chocolate ice
cream.
promise I promise to help you tomorrow. I am promising to help you
tomorrow.
realise I didn’t realise the problem. I wasn’t realising the problem.
recognise I didn’t recognise my old friend. I wasn’t recognising my old
friend.
remember He didn’t remember my name. He wasn’t remembering my name.
seem The weather seems to be The weather is seeming to be
improving. improving.
sound Your idea sounds great. Your idea is sounding great.
suppose I suppose John will be late. I’m supposing John will be late.
surprise The noise surprised me. The noise was surprising me.
understand I don’t understand this question. I’m not understanding this
question.
want I want to go to the cinema I am wanting to go to the cinema
tonight. tonight.
weigh (=have This cake weighs 450g. This cake is weighing 450g.
weight)
wish I wish I had studied more. I am wishing I had studied more.
Some verbs can be both stative and dynamic:

be be is usually a stative verb, but when it is used in the continuous it
means ‘behaving’ or ‘acting’
you are stupid = it’s part of your personality
you are being stupid = only now, not usually
have have (stative) = own
I have a car
have (dynamic) = part of an expression
I’m having a party / a picnic / a bath / a good time / a break
see see (stative) = see with your eyes / understand
I see what you mean
I see her now, she’s just coming along the road
see (dynamic) = meet / have a relationship with
I’ve been seeing my boyfriend for three years
I’m seeing Robert tomorrow
taste (also: taste (stative) = has a certain taste
smell, feel, This soup tastes great
look) taste (dynamic) = the action of tasting
The chef is tasting the soup
think think (stative) = have an opinion
I think that coffee is great
think (dynamic) = consider, have in my head
what are you thinking about? I’m thinking about my next holiday
Materi 7 – Present Perfect
Present perfect digunakan untuk menyatakan hal yang dilakukan di masa lampau tapi masih
relevan sampai sekarang. Jadi, kata have/has di sini artinya sudah melakukan sesuatu. Aspek
perfect menggunakan bentuk past participle yang sering disebut Verb 3. Ada yang regular
(akhirannya ditambahkan -ed) dan irregular (perubahannya berbeda-beda, harus dihafalkan).
Baca: https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/support-files/all_irregular_verbs_list.pdf
FORMULA
Positive Sentence
I have eaten. I’ve eaten.
He has eaten. He’s eaten.
She has eaten. She’s eaten.
It has eaten. It’s eaten.
You have eaten. You’ve eaten.
We have eaten. We’ve eaten.
They have eaten. They’ve eaten.
Negative Sentence
I have not eaten. I haven’t eaten.
He has not eaten. He hasn’t eaten.
She has not eaten. She hasn’t eaten.
It has not eaten. It hasn’t eaten.
You have not eaten. You haven’t eaten.
We have not eaten. We haven’t eaten.
They have not eaten. They haven’t eaten.
Yes/No Question
Have I eaten?
Has he eaten?
Has she eaten?
Has it eaten?
Have you eaten?
Have we eaten?
Have they eaten?
Wh-/How… Question
What have I eaten?
What has he eaten?
What has she eaten?
What has it eaten?
What have you eaten?
What have we eaten?
What have they eaten?

FUNGSI

• Have you eaten? = Apakah kamu sudah makan?
• Has she read the book? = Apakah dia sudah baca bukunya?
• FULL FORM: Yes, I have eaten. SHORT FORM: Yes, I have.
• FULL FORM: No, she has not read the book. SHORT FORM: No, she hasn’t.

• Where have you been? = Sudah ke mana/Dari mana saja kamu?
• How long has she lived here? = Sudah berapa lama dia tinggal di sini?
• FULL FORM: I have been at school all day. SHORT FORM: At school all day.
• FULL FORM: She has lived here for ten years. SHORT FORM: Ten years.
LATIHAN FORMULA
Irregular Verbs
https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/irregular-verbs-exercise-3.html
https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/present-perfect-exercise-1.html
Question
Mixed

LATIHAN LAINNYA
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/present-perfect-simple
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/present-perfect-2
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/present-perfect-multiple
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/present-perfect-sentences
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/present-perfect-mixed

Materi 8 – Present Perfect Continuous
Present perfect continuous, yang menggabungkan konsep perfect dan continuous, digunakan
untuk menyatakan hal yang terjadi/dilakukan dari dulu/beberapa saat yang lalu sampai
sekarang. Jadi, perfect = sudah terjadi, tapi perfect continuous = sudah dan masih terjadi.
FORMULA
Positive Sentence
I have been walking.
He has been walking.
She has been walking.
It has been walking.
You have been walking.
We have been walking.
They have been walking.
Negative Sentence
I have not been walking. I haven’t been walking.
He has not been walking. He hasn’t been walking.
She has not been walking. She hasn’t been walking.
It has not been walking. It hasn’t been walking.
You have not been walking. You haven’t been walking.
We have not been walking. We haven’t been walking.
They have not been walking. They haven’t been walking.
Yes/No Question
Have I been walking?
Has he been walking?
Has she been walking?
Has it been walking?
Have you been walking?
Have we been walking?
Have they been walking?
Wh-/How… Question
Where have I been walking?
Where has he been walking?
Where has she been walking?
Where has it been walking?
Where have you been walking?
Where have we been walking?
Where have they been walking?

FUNGSI

• Have you been waiting for me? = Apakah kamu dari tadi menungguku?
• Has she been exercising lately? = Apakah dia sering olahraga akhir-akhir ini?
• FULL FORM: Yes, I have been waiting for you. SHORT FORM: Yes, I have.
• FULL FORM: No, she has not been exercising lately. SHORT FORM: No, she hasn’t.

• Where have you been going these days? = Ke mana kamu jalan-jalan akhir-akhir ini?
• How long has she been waiting for me? = Berapa lama dia dari tadi menungguku?
• FULL FORM: I have been going to the park. SHORT FORM: To the park.
• FULL FORM: She has been waiting for an hour. SHORT FORM: An hour.
LATIHAN FORMULA

https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/present-perfect-continuous-exercise-1.html
Question
https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/present-perfect-continuous-exercise-2.html

LATIHAN LAINNYA
https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verb-tenses_present-perfect-continuous_quiz.htm
https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/present_perfect_progressive_mix.htm
www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/present_perfect_progressive_mix2.htm
https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/present-perfect-progressive/exercises
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/present-perfect-continuous/exercise-1
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/present-perfect-continuous/write-1
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/present-perfect-continuous/write-2
https://www.focus.olsztyn.pl/en-present-perfect-continuous-quiz.html

Materi 9 – Present Perfect vs Present Perfect Continuous
FUNGSI
Aspek perfect (disebut juga perfect simple) dan perfect continuous mempunyai fungsi
yang mirip. Bahkan, untuk beberapa kata keduanya bisa digunakan tanpa adanya
perbedaan makna, seperti live, study, dan work.
• They've lived in London since 2004.

• They've been living in London since 2004.
• I've studied French for ten years.

• I've been studying French for ten years.
• He's worked at the company since 2009.

• He's been working at our company since 2009.
Akan tetapi, kedua aspek ini memiliki perbedaan makna untuk hal-hal berikut:
1. Present perfect simple digunakan untuk stative verbs.
• He’s seen her many times.

• How long have you known him?
• BUKAN: Have long have you been knowing him?.
2. Present perfect continuous menekankan pada lamanya waktu yang telah lewat,
sementara present perfect simple secara umum netral.
• They've been waiting for hours! (Ada penekanan pada lamanya waktu).
• They've waited for hours. (Tidak ada penekanan pada lamanya waktu).
3. Present perfect simple digunakan untuk jumlah/banyaknya suatu hal dilakukan.
• She's drunk three cups of coffee this morning.

• She's drunk at least a litre of coffee today.
• BUKAN: She’s been drinking three cups of coffee this morning.
4. Present perfect continuous berfokus pada kegiatan yang dilakukan tersebut,

sementara present perfect simple berfokus pada fakta bahwa kegiatannya telah
selesai dilakukan.
• I've been reading the book you recommended. (Aku menikmatinya, tapi aku
belum selesai baca.)
• I've read the book you recommended. (Aku sudah selesai baca, jadi kita bisa
bahas bukunya).

Selain itu, kita menggunakan 'yet' dan 'already' dengan present perfect simple.
• Have you read the book yet?

• She's finished her work already.
Perbedaan ini digunakan untuk mendapatkan hasil yang berbeda.
Present perfect simple digunakan ketika kegiatannya sudah selesai, dan hasilnya
disebabkan oleh kegiatan yang sudah selesai tersebut.
• I've eaten dinner, so let's go out.

• She's done all her homework, so she can relax this evening.
• I've made a cake. Would you like some?
Present perfect continuous digunakan ketika hasilnya tidak dipengaruhi apakah

kegiatannya sudah selesai atau belum. Hal ini karena hasil tersebut biasanya
adalah sesuai yang bisa kita lihat, dengar, cium, atau rasakan.
• I've been eating dinner, so there are plates all over the table.
• She's been doing her homework, so she's tired.
• I've been making a cake, that's why the kitchen is such a mess.
5. Present perfect continuous menekankan bahwa kegiatannya hanya sementara,

Biasanya menggunakan kata kunci recently, lately, these days, all day, dll.
• She's been running a lot recently. (Biasanya dia ngga melakukan hal ini).
• Usually I study at home, but I've been studying in the library for the last week.
LATIHAN FUNGSI
Present Perfect or Present Perfect Continuous?

https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/present-perfect-present-perfect-continuous-1.html


LATIHAN LAINNYA
https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/prepersim-preperpro/tests?test1
https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/present_perfect_or_progressive.htm
https://www.english-4u.de/en/tenses-exercises/present-perfect-simple-progressive.htm
https://test-english.com/grammar-points/b1/present-perfect-simple-present-perfect-
continuous/
https://www.english-grammar.at/online_exercises/tenses/t077-present-perfect-simple-
continuous.htm
https://speakspeak.com/english-grammar-exercises/intermediate/present-perfect-simple-
v-continuous
https://speakspeak.com/english-grammar-exercises/upper-intermediate/present-perfect-
simple-v-continuous
https://elt.oup.com/student/solutions/upperint/grammar/grammar_01_012e?cc=id&selLan
guage=id
https://www.esl-lounge.com/student/grammar/3g41-present-perfect-simple-or-
continuous.php
https://www.esl-lounge.com/student/grammar/3g9-present-perfect-simple-continuous.php
https://www.grammarbank.com/present-perfect-or-perfect-progressive.html
https://www.grammarbank.com/present-perfect-or-perfect-continuous.html
https://www.grammarbank.com/verb-tenses-worksheet.html
https://www.grammarbank.com/simple-perfect-vs-perfect-continuous.html
http://esl.fis.edu/grammar/multi/ppsppc.htm
https://www.eltbase.com/quiz/151_01.htm

Materi 10 – Review of Present Tenses
RANGKUMAN
Present Simple
• Fakta
o The sun rises in the east.
• Rutinitas
o We go to the fair annually.
• Frekuensi
o She often goes to the cinema.
• Stative verb
o I don’t have a sister.
o He loves sushi.
Present Continuous
o They’re studying at the moment.
o We’re not playing tennis this Sunday.
Present Perfect
• Sudah atau belum
o I haven’t done my homework yet.
o They’re already watched the movie.
• Stative verb
o I’ve had my dog for 10 years.
o She’s never liked him.
• Jumlah
o She’s eaten five bars of chocolate today.
o He’s drunk ten glasses of water!
Present Perfect Continuous

• Masih melakukan
o I’ve been walking for 30 minutes.
o Since Jane arrived at 8 a.m., she’s been working non-stop.

• Akhir-akhir ini/sementara
o He’s been eating more healthy food lately.
o She’s been going to the gym recently.
o I’ve been sleeping later than usual these days.
o Usually I go to work by car, but I’ve been walking for the last week.
PENTING! Perbandingan Present Perfect dan Present Perfect Continuous
• Perbedaan pada penekanan waktu

o They've waited for hours. (Netral)
o They've been waiting for hours! (Marah/kecewa/frustasi/emosi lainnya)
• Perbedaan pada sudah selesai atau masih dilakukannya sebuah kegiatan
o Sorry, I’ve been cooking, so the kitchen is a mess. (Masih masak)
o Wow! I can see that she’s cleaned the room well. (Selesai bersih-bersih)
• Persamaan untuk beberapa kata
o They've lived/been living in London since 2004.
o I've studied/been studying French for ten years.
o He's worked/been working at our company since 2009.
LATIHAN PRESENT TENSES
https://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=4163
https://usefulenglish.ru/grammar/tenses-exercise-one
https://usefulenglish.ru/grammar/tenses-exercise-two
https://www.liveworksheets.com/worksheets/en/English_as_a_Second_Language_(ESL)/Pr
esent_tenses/Present_tenses_uz1308834bm
esent_tenses/Present_Tenses_ko1404442xv
esent_tenses/Present_tenses_-_worksheet_ui1023027um
esent_tenses/Grade_8-Present_Tense_Review_qv117905zb
esent_tenses/Present_tenses_revision_pt1418556vk
esent_tenses/Present_Tense*_mix_ie1622958yc
esent_tenses/Present_tenses_zq1311979cv

Materi 11 – Past Simple with Be
Dalam bahasa Inggris, setiap kalimat WAJIB memiliki kata kerja (verb). Oleh karena itu,
sebelum kata benda (noun), kata sifat (adjective), dan kata keterangan (adverb), harus ada
“Be” yang sifatnya setara dengan verb. “Be” pada Past Simple yaitu “was” dan “were”.
FORMULA
Positive Sentence
I was okay.
He was okay.
She was okay.
It was okay.
You were okay.
We were okay.
They were okay.
Negative Sentence
I was not okay. I wasn’t okay.
He was not okay. He wasn’t okay.
She was not okay. She wasn’t okay.
It was not okay. It wasn’t okay.
You were not okay. You weren’t okay.
We were not okay. We weren’t okay.
They were not okay. They weren’t okay.
Yes/No Question
Was I okay?
Was he okay?
Was she okay?
Was it okay?
Were you okay?
Were we okay?
Were they okay?
Wh-/How… Question
How was I okay?
How was he okay?
How was she okay?
How was it okay?
How were you okay?
How were we okay?
How were they okay?

FUNGSI
Noun
Singular: She was a doctor.
Plural: They were not doctors.
→ Untuk kata benda, berikan a/an di depan yang singular dan akhiran -s/-es pada yang plural.
Adjective
Singular: It was not fine.
Plural: You were fine.
→ “You” dapat berarti “kamu” atau “kalian” sesuai konteks.
Adverb
Singular: He was in the kitchen.
Plural: We were in the kitchen.
→ Adverb ada banyak jenisnya, di sini contohnya keterangan tempat (adverb of place).

• Were you okay? = Apakah kamu baik-baik saja?
• Was the exam easy? = Apakah ujiannya mudah?

• FULL FORM: Yes, I was okay. SHORT FORM: Yes, I was.
• FULL FORM: No, it was not easy. SHORT FORM: No, it wasn’t.

• What was that? = Apa itu?
• How old were you? = Berapa umurmu?

• FULL FORM: That was probably a rat. SHORT FORM: Probably a rat.
• FULL FORM: I was twenty years old. SHORT FORM: Twenty.

LATIHAN FORMULA

https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/past-simple-exercise-1.html
Question
Mixed

1. Buka link dan isi kotak yang kosong dengan jawaban yang benar”
LATIHAN LAINNYA
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/to-be-past-simple.htm
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/to-be/past-simple-forms
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/to-be/past-simple-forms-2
https://agendaweb.org/verbs/tobe-past-simple/index.html
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/to-be/past-simple-write-1
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/to-be/past-simple-write-2
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/to-be/past-simple-negative-forms
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/to-be/past-negative-forms-write
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/to-be/past-simple-questions-1
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/to-be/past-simple-yes-no-questions
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/to-be/past-simple-questions-write
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/to-be/past-affirmative-negative-questions-write
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/to-be/past-simple-test-1
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/to-be/past-simple-test-2

Materi 12 – Past Simple with Other Verbs
Past simple disebut juga Verb 2. Semua subjek formulanya sama, tidak ada perbedaan. Untuk
bentuk negatif dan pertanyaan, “did” sudah menunjukkan past tense jadi verb-nya pakai
bentuk dasar saja (base verb). Untuk bentuk positif yang regular, tinggal ditambahkan
akhiran -ed, sementara untuk yang irregular harus dihafalkan perubahannya
(https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/support-files/all_irregular_verbs_list.pdf).
FORMULA
Positive Sentence
I slept.
He slept.
She slept.
It slept.
You slept.
We slept.
They slept.
Negative Sentence →
I did not sleep. I didn’t sleep.
He did not sleep. He didn’t sleep.
She did not sleep. She didn’t sleep.
It did not sleep. It didn’t sleep.
You did not sleep. You didn’t sleep.
We did not sleep. We didn’t sleep.
They did not sleep. They didn’t sleep.
Yes/No Question
Did I sleep?
Did he sleep?
Did she sleep?
Did it sleep?
Did you sleep?
Did we sleep?
Did they sleep?
Wh-/How… Question
When did I sleep?
When did he sleep?
When did he sleep?
When did it sleep?
When did you sleep?
When did we sleep?
When did they sleep?

FUNGSI

• Did you go to SMP 1 Jakarta? = Apakah dulu kamu bersekolah di SMP 1 Jakarta?
• Did she like pizza? = Apakah dulu dia suka pizza?
• FULL FORM: Yes, I went to SMP 1 Jakarta. SHORT FORM: Yes, I did.
• FULL FORM: No, she did not like pizza. SHORT FORM: No, she didn’t.

• Where did you go to school? = Di mana dulu kamu bersekolah?
• When did she see the movie? = Kapan dia nonton filmnya?
• FULL FORM: I went to SMP 1 Jakarta. SHORT FORM: SMP 1 Jakarta.
• FULL FORM: She saw the movie yesterday. SHORT FORM: Yesterday.
LATIHAN FORMULA
Positive Irregular
https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com//irregular-verbs-exercise-2.html
Negative
Question

LATIHAN LAINNYA
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/past-simple/regular-forms
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/past-simple/affirmative-regular-verbs-write
https://agendaweb.org/verbs/past-simple-regular/index.html
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/past-simple-regular-d-ed-ied.htm
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/past-simple/affirmative-negative-interrogative-
write

Materi 13 – Past Simple Mixed
Mengacu pada materi Past Simple Be dan Other Verbs, silakan mengerjakan latihan campuran
berikut. Ingat, gunakan was/were (be) untuk kalimat yang tidak ada kata kerjanya (verb),
berarti ada kata benda (noun), kata sifat (adjective), atau kata keterangan (adverb).
LATIHAN FORMULA
Mixed

LATIHAN LAINNYA
https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/irregular-verbs/exercise?0
https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/simple-past/exercises
https://englishclub.com/grammar/verb-tenses_past_quiz.htm
https://www.really-learn-english.com/simple-past-exercises.html
https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/simple_past_mix.htm
https://www.grammarbank.com/simple-past-tense-exercises.html
https://www.english-4u.de/en/tenses-exercises/was-were.htm
https://www.english-4u.de/en/grammar-tests/to-be-past.htm

Materi 14 – Past Simple vs Present Perfect
FUNGSI
• Time word
o Past simple menggunakan finished time word:

Yesterday, two days ago, last night, last week, last month, a year ago, in 2015, dll.
o Present perfect menggunakan unfinished time word:

Today, this week, this month, this year, this decade, this century, dll.
• Sudah/masih
o Past simple untuk kegiatan yang sudah selesai:

I knew Julie for ten years. (Sekarang udah ngga ngobrol lagi.)
o Present perfect untuk kegiatan yang masih terjadi/relevan:

I’ve known Julie for ten years. (Sekarang masih sering ketemu.)
• Hasil
o Past simple tidak ada hasilnya di masa kini:

I lost my keys yesterday. (Tidak ada hubungannya dengan sekarang.)
o Present perfect untuk kegiatan yang masih terjadi/relevan:

Oh no! I’ve lost my keys! (Sekarang jadi tidak bisa masuk rumah.)
• Pengalaman untuk orang yang sudah meninggal/masih hidup
o Past simple untuk yang sudah meninggal

My great-grandmother went to Mexico three times.
o Present perfect untuk yang masih hidup

I’ve been to Mexico three times.

LATIHAN FUNGSI
Present Perfect or Present Perfect Continuous?

https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/past-simple-present-perfect-1.html

LATIHAN LAINNYA
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/present-perfect-past-simple/time-expressions
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/present-perfect-past-simple/exercise-1
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/present-perfect-past-simple/exercise-2
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/present-perfect-past-simple/write
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/present-perfect-past-simple/test-1
https://test-english.com/grammar-points/b1/past-simple-present-perfect/
https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/simpas-preper/tests?test3
https://www.english-4u.de/en/tenses-exercises/perfect-past-simple.htm
https://www.english-4u.de/en/tenses-exercises/perfect-past-simple2.htm
https://www.focus.olsztyn.pl/en-exercises-on-present-perfect-tense.html
https://elt.oup.com/student/solutions/preint/grammar/grammar_05_022e?cc=id&selLangu
age=id

Materi 15 – Past Continuous
FORMULA
Positive Sentence
I was sleeping.
He was sleeping.
She was sleeping.
It was sleeping.
You were sleeping.
We were sleeping.
They were sleeping.
Negative Sentence
I was not sleeping. -
He was not sleeping. He wasn’t sleeping.
She was not sleeping. She wasn’t sleeping.
It was not sleeping. It wasn’t sleeping.
You were not sleeping. You weren’t sleeping.
We were not sleeping. We weren’t sleeping.
They were not sleeping. They weren’t sleeping.
Yes/No Question
Was I sleeping?
Was he sleeping?
Was she sleeping?
Was it sleeping?
Were you sleeping?
Were we sleeping?
Were they sleeping?
Wh-/How… Question
Why am I sleeping?
Why was he sleeping?
Why was she sleeping?
Why was it sleeping?
Why were you sleeping?
Why were we sleeping?
Why were they sleeping?

FUNGSI

• Were you reading? = Apakah kamu tadi sedang membaca?
• Was she eating pizza? = Apakah dia tadi sedang makan pizza?
• FULL FORM: Yes, I was reading. SHORT FORM: Yes, I was.
• FULL FORM: No, she was not eating pizza. SHORT FORM: No, she wasn’t.

• What were you eating? = Apa yang tadi sedang kamu makan?
• Where was she going? = Ke mana dia tadi sedang/mau pergi?
• FULL FORM: I was eating bread. SHORT FORM: Bread.
• FULL FORM: She was going to school. SHORT FORM: To school.
Ada jam/waktu pastinya

• At 5 a.m. this morning, I was sleeping.
• I was making dinner yesterday at 8 p.m.
Ada hal lain (past simple) yang terjadi saat kegiatan sebelumnya sedang terjadi
• While I was cooking, my mom came home.
• The phone rang when she was taking a bath.
LATIHAN FORMULA

https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/past-continuous-exercise-1.html
Question
Mixed

1. Buka link dan wasi kotak yang kosong dengan jawaban yang benar

LATIHAN LAINNYA
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/past-continuous/exercise-1
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/past-continuous/write-1
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/past-continuous/write-2
http://www.adelescorner.org/grammar/past_cont/past_cont_1.html
https://www.focus.olsztyn.pl/en-exercises-past-continuous-test-1.html
https://www.montsemorales.com/gramatica/PastContinAffnegSw2-6.htm
https://www.montsemorales.com/gramatica/PastContinAffneg.htm
https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/past-progressive/exercises?03
https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/past_progressive_statements.htm
https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/past_progressive_statements2.htm
https://www.liveworksheets.com/worksheets/en/English_as_a_Second_Language_(ESL)/Pa
st_continuous/While_I_was_sleeping..._qa151237zq
https://www.liveworksheets.com/worksheets/en/English_as_a_Second_Language_(ESL)/Pa
st_continuous/Yesterday_at_6_p.m._qa16861aa

Materi 16 – Past Simple vs Past Continuous
FUNGSI
Past Simple
• Finished time word

o Yesterday, two days ago, last night, last week, last month, a year ago, in 2015, dll.
• Kegiatan yang sudah selesai
o I knew Julie for ten years. (Sekarang udah ngga ngobrol lagi.)
• Tidak ada hasilnya di masa kini
o I lost my keys yesterday. (Tidak ada hubungannya dengan sekarang.)
• Orang yang sudah meninggal
o My great-grandmother went to Mexico three times.
Past Continuous
• Ada jam/waktu pastinya

o At 5 a.m. this morning, I was sleeping.
o I was making dinner yesterday at 8 p.m.
• Ada hal lain (past simple) yang terjadi saat kegiatan sebelumnya sedang terjadi
o While I was cooking, my mom came home.
o The phone rang when she was taking a bath.
LATIHAN FUNGSI
Mixed


LATIHAN LAINNYA
https://test-english.com/grammar-points/a2/past-continuous-past-simple/
https://englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/simple_past_progressive.htm
https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/simple_past_progressive2.htm
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/past-continuous/simple-continuous-1
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/past-continuous/past-simple-past-continuous-write
https://www.spraz-ila.de/grammar/ingquiz1.htm
https://www.spraz-ila.de/grammar/ingquiz1.htm
https://www.english-grammar.at/online_exercises/tenses/t105-past-tense.htm
https://www.english-4u.de/en/tenses-exercises/past-simple-or-progressive.htm
https://www.english-4u.de/en/tenses-exercises/past-simple-or-progressive2.htm
https://www.english-4u.de/en/tenses-exercises/past-simple-or-progressive3.htm
http://www.adelescorner.org/grammar/past_cont/past_cont_3.html
https://www.english-grammar.at/online_exercises/tenses/t086-past-tense.htm
https://www.focus.olsztyn.pl/en-past-simple-past-continuous-exercises.html
https://www.focus.olsztyn.pl/en-exercises-past-continuous-test-2.html
https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/simpas-paspro/exercises
https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/simpas-paspro/exercises?ex02
https://www.esl-lounge.com/student/grammar/2g50-past-simple-or-past-continuous-
worksheet.php

Materi 17 – Past Perfect
FORMULA
Positive Sentence
I had eaten.
He had eaten.
She had eaten.
It had eaten.
You had eaten.
We had eaten.
They had eaten.
Negative Sentence
I had not eaten. I hadn’t eaten.
He had not eaten. He hadn’t eaten.
She had not eaten. She hadn’t eaten.
It had not eaten. It hadn’t eaten.
You had not eaten. You hadn’t eaten.
We had not eaten. We hadn’t eaten.
They had not eaten. They hadn’t eaten.
Yes/No Question
Had I eaten?
Had he eaten?
Had she eaten?
Had it eaten?
Had you eaten?
Had we eaten?
Had they eaten?
Wh-/How… Question
What had I eaten?
What had he eaten?
What had she eaten?
What had it eaten?
What had you eaten?
What had we eaten?
What had they eaten?

FUNGSI

• Had you eaten before you went out? = Apakah kamu sudah makan sebelum pergi?
• Had she read the book before she came to class? = Apakah dia sudah baca bukunya
sebelum dia datang ke kelas?

• FULL FORM: Yes, I had eaten. SHORT FORM: Yes, I had.
• FULL FORM: No, she had not read the book. SHORT FORM: No, she hadn’t.

• What had you eaten before you went out? = Apa yang kamu makan sebelum pergi?
• How many books had she read before she came to class? = Berapa banyak buku yang
dia baca sebelum dia datang ke kelas?

• FULL FORM: I had eaten some sushi. SHORT FORM: Some sushi.
• FULL FORM: She had read five books. SHORT FORM: Five books.
Ada hal lain (past simple) yang terjadi setelah kegiatan sebelumnya terjadi
• When my wife came home, I had cooked dinner for us.
• He had finished his homework when his mom called him.
LATIHAN FORMULA

https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/past-perfect-exercise-1.html
Question

1. Buka link dan wasi kotak yang kosong dengan jawaban yang benar

LATIHAN LAINNYA
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/past-perfect/exercise-1
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/past-perfect/write-1
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/past-perfect/write-2
http://www.adelescorner.org/grammar/past_perfect/past_perfect.html
http://www.adelescorner.org/grammar/past_perfect/past_perfect_neg.html
https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/past-perfect-simple/exercises
https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/past_perfect.htm
https://www.focus.olsztyn.pl/en-exercises-past-perfect-test-1.html
https://www.montsemorales.com/gramatica/PastPerfect1.htm

Materi 18 – Past Simple vs Past Perfect
FUNGSI
Past Simple

Past Perfect
• Ada hal lain (past simple) yang terjadi setelah kegiatan sebelumnya terjadi
o When my wife came home, I had cooked dinner for us.
o He had finished his homework before he went out to watch a movie.
o After she had finished running on the treadmill, she moved on to the stationary bike.
LATIHAN FUNGSI
Mixed

s

LATIHAN LAINNYA
https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/past_perfect_simple_past.htm
https://www.english-4u.de/en/tenses-exercises/past-simple-past-perfect.htm
https://www.focus.olsztyn.pl/en-past-simple-vs-past-perfect.html
https://www.usingenglish.com/quizzes/140.html
https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/simpas-pasper/exercises
https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/simpas-pasper/exercises?ex02

Materi 19 – Past Perfect Continuous
FORMULA
Positive Sentence
I had been walking.
He had been walking.
She had been walking.
It had been walking.
You had been walking.
We had been walking.
They had been walking.
Negative Sentence
I had not been walking. I hadn’t been walking.
He had not been walking. He hadn’t been walking.
She had not been walking. She hadn’t been walking.
It had not been walking. It hadn’t been walking.
You had not been walking. You hadn’t been walking.
We had not been walking. We hadn’t been walking.
They had not been walking. They hadn’t been walking.
Yes/No Question
Had I been walking?
Had he been walking?
Had she been walking?
Had it been walking?
Had you been walking?
Had we been walking?
Had they been walking?
Wh-/How… Question
Where had I been walking?
Where had he been walking?
Where had she been walking?
Where had it been walking?
Where had you been walking?
Where had we been walking?
Where had they been walking?

FUNGSI

• Had you been waiting for long when I arrived? = Apakah kamu (sudah dan masih)
menungguku lama ketika aku datang tadi?
• Had she been cooking when her mother came home? = Apakah dia (sudah dan masih)
memasak ketika ibunya pulang tadi?
• FULL FORM: Yes, I had been waiting for quite some time. SHORT FORM: Yes, I had.
• FULL FORM: No, she had not been cooking. SHORT FORM: No, she hadn’t.

• How long had you been waiting when I arrived? = Berapa lama kamu (sudah dan
masih) menunggu ketika aku datang tadi?
• Why had she been cooking when her mother came home? = Kenapa dia (sudah dan
masih) memasak ketika ibunya datang?
• FULL FORM: I had been waiting for quite some time. SHORT FORM: Quite some time.
• FULL FORM: She had been cooking because she wanted to impress her mother. SHORT
FORM: Because she wanted to impress her mother.
LATIHAN FORMULA
Positive
https://perfect-english-grammar.com/past-perfect-continuous-exercise-1.html
Negative
https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/past-perfect-continuous-exercise-2.html
Question
https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/past-perfect-continuous-exercise-3.html

LATIHAN LAINNYA
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/past-perfect/past-perfect-continuous
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/past-perfect/past-perfect-continuous-write
https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/past-perfect-progressive/exercises
http://esl.fis.edu/grammar/single/pastperfc.htm

Materi 20 – Past Simple, Past Perfect, & Past Perfect Continuous
FUNGSI
Past Simple

Past Perfect
o He had finished his homework before he went out to watch a movie.
o After she had finished running on the treadmill, she moved on to the stationary bike.
Past Perfect Continuous

• Ada hal lain (past simple) yang terjadi saat kegiatannya masih terjadi (dari tadi)
o When my wife came home, I had been cooking dinner for a while.
LATIHAN FUNGSI
Mixed
www.perfect-english-grammar.com/past-perfect-continuous-past-simple-exercise-1.html


LATIHAN LAINNYA
https://www.e-grammar.org/past-perfect-simple-continuous/test1-exercise1/
https://test-english.com/grammar-points/b1/past-simple-past-continuous-past-perfect/
https://www.englishgrammar.org/past-tenses-exercise/
https://www.esl-lounge.com/student/grammar/4g4-past-tenses-exercise.php
https://english.lingolia.com/en/grammar/tense-comparison/past-tenses/exercises
http://fluencyspace.com/exercises/mixed-past-tenses/
https://www.englishcoursemalta.com/learn/past-simple-past-continuous-or-past-perfect-
exercise/
https://elt.oup.com/student/solutions/upperint/grammar/grammar_02_022e?cc=id&selLan
guage=id
https://speakspeak.com/english-grammar-exercises/upper-intermediate/past-perfect-
simple-vs-past-perfect-continuous

Materi 21 – Review of Present and Past Tenses
RANGKUMAN
Present Simple
• Fakta
• Stative verb
• Rutinitas
• Frekuensi
Present Continuous
Present Perfect
• Stative verb
• Jumlah

• Masih melakukan


Past Simple
o Yesterday, two days ago, last night, last week, last month, a year ago, in 2015
Past Continuous
Past Perfect

PENTING! Past Continuous/Perfect/Perfect Continuous biasanya ditemani Past Simple
LATIHAN PAST AND PRESENT TENSES
https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/structures/error_text_tenses.htm
https://www.eltbase.com/get_quiz.php?id=45
https://www.photocopiables.com/online-exercises/past-simple-vs-present-simple-online-
exercise

Materi 22 – Future Simple
FORMULA (BE)
Positive Sentence
I will be fine.
He will be fine.
She will be fine.
It will be fine.
You will be fine.
We will be fine
They will be fine.
Negative Sentence
I will not be fine. I won’t be fine.
He will not be fine. He won’t be fine.
She will not be fine. She won’t be fine.
It will not be fine. It won’t be fine.
You will not be fine. You won’t be fine.
We will not be fine. We won’t be fine.
They will not be fine. They won’t be fine.
Yes/No Question
Will I be fine?
Will he be fine?
Will she be fine?
Will it be fine?
Will you be fine?
Will we be fine?
Will they be fine?
Wh-/How… Question
How will I be fine?
How will he be fine?
How will she be fine?
How will it be fine?
How will you be fine?
How will we be fine?
How will they be fine?

FORMULA (OTHER VERBS)
Positive Sentence
I will eat.
He will eat.
She will eat.
It will eat.
You will eat.
We will eat.
They will eat.
Negative Sentence
I will not eat. I won’t eat.
He will not eat. He won’t eat.
She will not eat. She won’t eat.
It will not eat. It won’t eat.
You will not eat. You won’t eat.
We will not eat. We won’t eat.
They will not eat. They won’t eat.
Yes/No Question
Will I eat?
Will he eat?
Will she eat?
Will it eat?
Will you eat?
Will we eat?
Will they eat?
Wh-/How… Question
Where will I eat?
Where will he eat?
Where will she eat?
Where will it eat?
Where will you eat?
Where will we eat?
Where will they eat?

FUNGSI

• Will you go to school tomorrow? = Apakah kamu akan pergi ke sekolah besok?
• Will she watch a movie with us? = Apakah dia akan nonton film dengan kita?
• FULL FORM: Yes, I will go to school tomorrow. SHORT FORM: Yes, I will.
• FULL FORM: No, she will not watch a movie with us. SHORT FORM: No, she won’t.

• When will you get here? = Kapan kamu akan sampai sini?
• Who will go to the cinema tomorrow? = Siapa yang akan pergi ke bioskop besok?

• FULL FORM: I will get there in 45 minutes. SHORT FORM: In 45 minutes.
• FULL FORM: All of us will go to the cinema tomorrow. SHORT FORM: All of us.
LATIHAN FORMULA
Positive
https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/simple-future-exercise-1.html
Negative
Question


Will vs Be Going To
FORMULA
Positive Sentence
I am going to eat.
He is going to eat.
She is going to eat.
It is going to eat.
You are going to eat.
We are going to eat.
They are going to eat.
Negative Sentence
I am not going to eat. I’m not going to eat. -
He is not going to eat. He’s not going to eat. He isn’t going to eat.
She is not going to eat. She’s not going to eat. She isn’t going to eat.
It is not going to eat. It’s not going to eat. It isn’t going to eat.
You are not going to eat. You’re not going to eat. You aren’t going to eat.
We are not going to eat. We’re not going to eat. We aren’t going to eat.
They are not going to eat. They’re not going to eat. They aren’t going to eat.
Yes/No Question
Am I going to eat?
Is he going to eat?
Is she going to eat?
Is it going to eat?
Are you going to eat?
Are we going to eat?
Are they going to eat?
Wh-/How… Question
Where am I going to eat?
Where is he going to eat?
Where is she going to eat?
Where is it going to eat?
Where are you going to eat?
Where are we going to eat?
Where are they going to eat?

PERBEDAAN PENGGUNAAN WILL VS BE GOING TO
Will
• Keputusan dadakan
Julie: There's no milk.
John: Really? In that case, I'll go and get some.
• Prediksi berdasarkan opini

I think the Conservatives will win the next election.
• Fakta masa depan

The sun will rise tomorrow.
• Janji, permintaan, penolakan, dan penawaran

I’ll help you next week.
Will you carry this for me, please?
No, I won’t talk to him.
I’ll look after your children, if you want.
Be Going To
• Keputusan yang sudah direncanakan

John: I know. I'm going to go and get some when this TV programme finishes.
• Prediksi berdasarkan hal yang dapat dilihat (atau didengar)

The Conservatives are going to win the election. They already have most of the votes.
LATIHAN WILL VS BE GOING TO
https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/support-files/will_or_be_going_to.pdf
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/future/will-going-to-1
http://digitalcampus.free.fr/Level2/Unit22/SubUnit222/ComplSentQCM.jqz.htm
http://baladre.info/english/sedaviwebfront/goingtowill.htm
https://www.montsemorales.com/gramatica/Willorbegoing4-5.htm
https://eslbluesapps.com/m/mc/futurem.html
https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/will_going_to_future.htm
https://www.myenglishpages.com/english/grammar-exercise-going-to-will.php
https://test-english.com/grammar-points/a2/will-vs-be-going-to/

Materi 23 – Future Simple vs Present Simple
FUNGSI
• Gunakan present simple untuk jadwal masa depan yang ditentukan organisasi
o School begins at nine tomorrow.
o What time does the film start?
o The plane doesn't arrive at seven. It arrives at seven thirty.
• Gunakan future simple will/be going to untuk hal yang akan dilakukan. Gunakan
present simple setelah kata hubung (when, until, after, before, & as soon as).
o I will call you when I have time.
o I won't go out until it stops raining.
o After I watch the news, I’m going to make dinner.
o As soon as I get there, I will tell you.
LATIHAN FUNGSI
https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/present-simple-future-simple-exercise-1.html

LATIHAN LAINNYA
https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/simple_present_will_future.htm
https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/simple-present/use/exercises?04
https://www.esl-lounge.com/student/grammar/1g61-elementary-present-simple-for-
scheduled-events.php

Materi 24 – Future Continuous
FORMULA (BE)
Positive Sentence
I will be sleeping.
He will be sleeping.
She will be sleeping.
It will be sleeping.
You will be sleeping.
We will be sleeping
They will be sleeping.
Negative Sentence
I will not be sleeping. I won’t be sleeping.
He will not be sleeping. He won’t be sleeping.
She will not be sleeping. She won’t be sleeping.
It will not be sleeping. It won’t be sleeping.
You will not be sleeping. You won’t be sleeping.
We will not be sleeping. We won’t be sleeping.
They will not be sleeping. They won’t be sleeping.
Yes/No Question
Will I be sleeping?
Will he be sleeping?
Will she be sleeping?
Will it be sleeping?
Will you be sleeping?
Will we be sleeping?
Will they be sleeping?
Wh-/How… Question
Where will I be sleeping?
Where will he be sleeping?
Where will she be sleeping?
Where will it be sleeping?
Where will you be sleeping?
Where will we be sleeping?
Where will they be sleeping?

FUNGSI

• Will you be watching the movie later at 4 p.m.? = Apakah kamu akan sedang
menonton film nanti jam 4 sore?
• Will she be working tonight? = Apakah dia akan sedang bekerja PT malam ini?
• FULL FORM: Yes, I will be watching the movie later at 4 p.m. FORM: Yes, I will.
• FULL FORM: No, she will not be working. SHORT FORM: No, she won’t.
Untuk mendapatkan informasi, pakai Wh-/Where… Question

• Where will you be waiting when I arrive at the airport later? = Di mana kamu akan
sedang menunggu saat aku sampai di bandara nanti?
• What will he be doing at 8 p.m. tomorrow? = Apa yang akan sedang dia lakukan besok
jam 8 malam?
• FULL FORM: I will be waiting at KFC. SHORT FORM: At KFC.
• FULL FORM: He will be eating dinner. SHORT FORM: Eating dinner.
Perkiraan kegiatan pada jam sekian/waktu yang pasti (di masa depan)
• At eight o'clock, I'll be eating dinner.
Ada kegiatan yang terjadi saat kegiatan lainnya sedang terjadi (di masa depan)
• I'll be waiting when you arrive.
Kegiatan yang kita yakin akan berjalan sesuai rencana (di masa depan)
• The Government will be making a statement later.
• When will you be leaving? (Ini juga lebih sopan dari bentuk Future Simple When will
you leave? karena itu seperti meminta pergi/mengusir)
LATIHAN FORMULA
Positive & Negative
https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/future-continuous-exercise-1.html
Question

4. Jika tidak tahu kesalahanmu di mana, klik Swhere untuk melihat kunci jawaban

LATIHAN LAINNYA
https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/future-1-progressive/exercises
https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verb-tenses_future-continuous-quiz.htm
https://english.lingolia.com/en/grammar/tenses/future-progressive/exercises
https://www.examenglish.com/grammar/b1_future_continuous.htm
https://www.myenglishpages.com/english/grammar-exercise-future-progressive.php
https://www.really-learn-english.com/future-progressive-exercises.html
https://www.ecenglish.com/learnenglish/lessons/future-continuous-tense-with-will
http://www.englishintro.com/test_work-future_continuous_tense-intermediate.html

Materi 25 – Future Perfect
FORMULA (BE)
Positive Sentence
I will have studied.
He will have studied.
She will have studied.
It will have studied.
You will have studied.
We will have studied
They will have studied.
Negative Sentence
I will not have studied. I won’t have studied.
He will not have studied. He won’t have studied.
She will not have studied. She won’t have studied.
It will not have studied. It won’t have studied.
You will not have studied. You won’t have studied.
We will not have studied. We won’t have studied.
They will not have studied. They won’t have studied.
Yes/No Question
Will I have studied?
Will he have studied?
Will she have studied?
Will it have studied?
Will you have studied?
Will we have studied?
Will they have studied?
Wh-/How… Question
Where will I have studied?
Where will he have studied?
Where will she have studied?
Where will it have studied?
Where will you have studied?
Where will we have studied?
Where will they have studied?

FUNGSI

• Will you have cooked dinner by 8 p.m. tonight? = Apakah kamu akan sudah memasak
makan malam jam 8 nanti?
• Will she have finished her homework by tomorrow? = Apakah dia akan sudah
menyelesaikan PR-nya besok?
• FULL FORM: Yes, I will have cooked dinner by 8 p.m. tonight. FORM: Yes, I will.
• FULL FORM: No, she will not have finished her homework by tomorrow. SHORT FORM:
No, she won’t.

• So when will you have it finished? = Jadi kapan kamu akan sudah menyelesaikannya?
• By December, how long will they have left their jobs? = Berapa lama mereka akan
sudah meninggalkan pekerjaan mereka?
• FULL FORM: I will have it finished by next week, I promise. SHORT FORM: Next week,
I promise.
• FULL FORM: Well, by December, they will have left their jobs for six months. SHORT
FORM: Six months.
Perkiraan sudah berapa lama dari sekarang sampai suatu titik di masa depan (pakai for)
• When we get married this November, I’ll have known my husband for four years.
Perkiraan suatu kegiatan sudah selesai dikerjakan di masa depan (pakai by)
• By ten o’clock, I will have finished my homework.
LATIHAN FORMULA
Positive & Negative
https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/future-perfect-exercise-1.html
Question
Mixed


LATIHAN LAINNYA
https://english.lingolia.com/en/grammar/tenses/future-perfect-simple/exercises
https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verb-tenses_future-perfect-quiz.htm
https://eflnet.com/grammar/futperffill.php
http://esl.fis.edu/grammar/single/futurep.htm
https://www.montsemorales.com/gramatica/FutPerf.htm
https://www.really-learn-english.com/future-perfect-exercises.html
https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/future_perfect_statements.htm
https://www.ecenglish.com/learnenglish/lessons/the-future-perfect-tense
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/future/future-perfect-forms
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/future/future-perfect-write-1
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/future/future-perfect-write-2
https://agendaweb.org/verbs/future-perfect-exercises.html

Materi 25 – Future Perfect Continuous
FORMULA (BE)
Positive Sentence
I will have been studying.
He will have been studying.
She will have been studying.
It will have been studying.
You will have been studying.
We will have been studying
They will have been studying.
Negative Sentence
I will not have been studying. I won’t have been studying.
He will not have been studying. He won’t have been studying.
She will not have been studying. She won’t have been studying.
It will not have been studying. It won’t have been studying.
You will not have been studying. You won’t have been studying.
We will not have been studying. We won’t have been studying.
They will not have been studying. They won’t have been studying.
Yes/No Question
Will I have been studying?
Will he have been studying?
Will she have been studying?
Will it have been studying?
Will you have been studying?
Will we have been studying?
Will they have been studying?
Wh-/How… Question
Where will I have been studying?
Where will he have been studying?
Where will she have been studying?
Where will it have been studying?
Where will you have been studying?
Where will we have been studying?
Where will they have been studying?

FUNGSI

• Will you have been cooking dinner for two hours by 8 p.m.? = Apakah kamu akan
sudah dan masih memasak makan malam selama dua jam pada pukul 8 nanti?
• Will she have been doing her homework when I check on her later? = Apakah dia akan
sudah dan masih mengerjakan PR-nya ketika aku cek nanti?

• FULL FORM: Yes, I will have been cooking dinner by 8 p.m. tonight. FORM: Yes, I will.
• FULL FORM: No, she will not have been doing her homework when you check on her
later. SHORT FORM: No, she won’t.

• How long will you have been working here by next week? = Berapa lama kamu akan
sudah dan masih bekerja di sini minggu depan nanti?
• By May, how long will she have been living in Indonesia? = Mei nanti, berapa lama dia
akan dan sudah tinggal di Indonesia?

• FULL FORM: I will have been working here for ten years by next week. SHORT FORM:
Ten years.
• FULL FORM: By May, she will have been living here for six months. SHORT FORM: Six
months.
Perkiraan sudah berapa lama dari sekarang sampai suatu titik di masa depan (for/by)
• In April, she will have been teaching for twelve years.
• By the time you arrive, I'll have been cooking for hours!
Perkiraan suatu kegiatan sudah selesai dikerjakan sebelum waktu tertentu/kegiatan lain
• When I see you, I'll have been studying, so I'll be tired.
Untuk memudahkan perhitungan

• Present Perfect Continuous: I've been working here for 11 months and three weeks.
(Betul, tapi susah dihitung.)
• Future Perfect Continuous: On Tuesday, I will have been working here for one year.
(Lebih mudah dihitung.)

LATIHAN FORMULA
Positive
https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/future-perfect-continuous-exercise-1.html
Negative
Question
Mixed

LATIHAN LAINNYA
https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/future-2-progressive/exercises
https://english.lingolia.com/en/grammar/tenses/future-perfect-progressive/exercises
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/future/future-perfect-continuous-forms
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/future/future-perfect-continuous-write-1
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/future/future-perfect-continuous-write-2
https://eflnet.com/grammar/yesnofutperfprog.php
https://eflnet.com/grammar/whquestionsfutperfprog.php
https://eflnet.com/grammar/futperfprognegative.php
https://www.really-learn-english.com/future-perfect-progressive-exercises.html
https://www.myenglishpages.com/english/grammar-exercise-future-perfect.php
https://www.e-grammar.org/future-perfect-simple-continuous/test1-exercise2/
https://elt.oup.com/student/solutions/int/grammar/grammar_05_022e?cc=id&selLanguag
e=id

Materi 27 – Passive Voice
TENSE ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE

Present Simple She eats the pizza. The pizza is eaten by her.
Present Continuous She is eating the pizza. The pizza is being eaten by her.
Present Perfect She has eaten the pizza. The pizza has been eaten by her.
Present Perfect Continuous She has been eating the pizza. -
Past Simple She ate the pizza. The pizza was eaten by her.
Past Continuous She was eating the pizza. The pizza was being eaten by her.
Past Perfect She had eaten the pizza. The pizza had been eaten by her.
Past Perfect Continutous She had been eating the pizza. -
Future Simple She will eat the pizza. The pizza will be eaten by her.
Future Continuous She will be eating the pizza. -
Future Perfect She will have eaten the pizza. The pizza will have been eaten by her.
Future Perfect Continuous She will have been eating the pizza. -
LATIHAN FORMULA
Present Simple
https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/passive-exercise-1.html
Past Simple
Present Perfect
Future Simple
Mixed Tense
Verbs with Two Objects
https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/passive-verbs-two-objects-exercise-1.html
Subordinate Clauses
https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/passive-subordinate-clauses-exercise-1.html


FUNGSI
• Ketika kita ingin mengubah fokus pada kalimatnya:

o The Mona Lisa was painted by Leonardo Da Vinci. (Di kalimat ini kita fous pada
lukisannya, bukan pelukisnya)
• Ketika orang atau benda yang menyebabkan kegiatannya tidak diketahui, tidak penting,
diketahui dengan jelas (obvious), atau “orang pada umumnya/siapa saja”:
o He was arrested (jelas oleh polisi).
o My bike has been stolen (tidak diketahui oleh siapa).
o The road is being repaired (tidak penting dikerjakan siapa).
o The form can be obtained from the post office (oleh siapa saja).
• Pada penulisan saintifik:
o The chemical is placed in a test tube and the data entered into the computer.
• Pada penulisan formal agar tidak menggunakan someone/people/they (ketiga kata ini
boleh digunakan pada penulisan informal atau saat berbicara):
o The brochure will be finished next month.
• Memberi informasi baru di akhir kalimat untuk meningkatkan gaya penulisan:
o Three books are used regularly in the class. The books were written by Dr. Bell.
('Dr. Bell wrote the books' terdengar canggung)
• Ketika subjeknya sangat panjang:
o I was surprised by how well the students did in the test. (Lebih natural daripada:
'how well the students did in the test surprised me')
LATIHAN LAINNYA
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/passive-voice/active-passive-1
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/passive-write-1
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/passive-voice/passive-1
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/passive-1
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/passive-write-2
https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/passive-voice-quiz.htm
https://www.learnenglishfeelgood.com/esl-passive-voice-exercise2.html
https://www.english-4u.de/en/grammar-quizzes/passive.htm
https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/passive/exercises?06
https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/passive/exercises?simple-present
https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/complex_tests/passive1/index.php
https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/active_passive/questions.htm
https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/active_passive/questions2.htm
https://www.english-grammar.at/online_exercises/passive-voice/pa017-present-past-
simple.htm

Materi 28 – Inversion
FORMULA
Inversion artinya kebalikan, atau dengan kata lain verb ditaruh sebelum subjek. Kita biasanya
menggunakan inversion pada pertanyaan.
• Normal sentence: You are tired. (Subjeknya 'you', sebelum verb 'are'.)
• Question form: Are you tired? (Verb 'are' ada di sebelum 'you'.)
Jika hanya ada satu verb, kita tukar posisi subject dan verb.
• Present simple with 'be': am I / are you / is he

• Past simple with 'be': were you / was she
Jika ada lebih dari satu verb, misalnya karena verb tense tersebut memiliki auxiliary verb,
maka kita pindahkan verb pertamanya.
• Present continuous: am I going / are you going

• Present perfect: have we gone / has she gone
• Present perfect continuous: has she been going / have they been going
• Past continuous: was I going / were you going
• Past perfect: had you gone
• Past perfect continuous: had he been going
• Future simple: will they go
• Future continuous: will you be going
• Future perfect: will they have gone
• Future perfect continuous: will she have been going
• Modal verbs: should I go / would you go
Selain itu, ada dua tenses yang harus ditambahkan 'do / does / did'. Verb utamanya juga harus
diubah menjadi bentuk infinitive (base verb).
• Present simple with other verbs (tambahkan 'do' atau 'does'): do you go / does he go
• Past simple with other verbs (tambahkan 'did'): did we go / did they go

FUNGSI
• Ketika menggunakan negative adverb (adverb yang ada di awal kalimat)
Adverb biasanya diletakkan di awal untuk memberi penekanan. Hal ini membuat kalimatnya
terdengar mengejutkan, berbeda, dan juga formal. Jika Anda tidak ingin memberikan konotasi
ini, letakkan adverb pada akhir kalimat saja sebagaimana umumnya.
o Seldom have I seen such beautiful work. (Ini adalah inversion. 'Seldom' di awal
menekankan betapa cantiknya hasil pekerjaan yang dilakukan.)
o I have seldom seen such beautiful work. (Ini bukan inversion. 'Seldom' diletakkan pada
posisi normalnya.)
Berikut beberapa negative adverbs dan adverb phrases yang sering menggunakan inversion:
Hardly Hardly had I got into bed when the telephone rang.
Never Never had she seen such a beautiful sight before.
Seldom Seldom do we see such an amazing display of dance.
Rarely Rarely will you hear such beautiful music.
Only then Only then did I understand why the tragedy had happened.
Not only ... but Not only does he love chocolate and sweets but he also smokes.
No sooner No sooner had we arrived home than the police rang the doorbell.
Scarcely Scarcely had I got off the bus when it crashed into the back of a car.
Only later Only later did she really think about the situation.
Nowhere Nowhere have I ever had such bad service.
Little Little did he know!
Only in this way Only in this way could John earn enough money to survive.
In no way In no way do I agree with what you're saying.
On no account On no account should you do anything without asking me first.
Pada contoh berikut, inversion ada di bagian kedua kalimatnya:
Not until Not until I saw John with my own eyes did I really believe he was safe.
Not since Not since Lucy left college had she had such a wonderful time.
Only after Only after I'd seen her flat did I understand why she wanted to live there.
Only when Only when we'd all arrived home did I feel calm.
Only by Only by working extremely hard could we afford to eat.
Inversion hanya digunakan ketika adverb mengubah keseluruhan frasa, bukan ketika adverb
mengubah noun: Hardly anyone passed the exam. (Tidak pakai inversion.)

• Inversion dapat menggantikan ‘if’ pada conditionals yang menggunakan 'had' 'were'
and 'should'. Hal ini untuk membuatnya terdengar formal.
o Normal conditional: If I had been there, this problem wouldn't have happened.
o Conditional with inversion: Had I been there, this problem wouldn't have happened.
o Normal conditional: If we had arrived sooner, we could have prevented this tragedy!
o Conditional with inversion: Had we arrived sooner, we could have prevented this
tragedy!
• Inversion dapat digunakan jika adverbial expression of place diletakkan di awal kalimat.
Hal ini juga cukup formal dan berhubungan dengan kesusastraan.
o On the table was all the money we had lost. (Normal sentence: All the money we had
lost was on the table.)
o Round the corner came the knights. (Normal sentence: The knights came round the
corner.)
• Inversion dapat digunakan setelah 'so + adjective...that'.
o So beautiful was the girl that nobody could talk of anything else. (Normal sentence:
the girl was so beautiful that nobody could talk of anything else.)
o So delicious was the food that we ate every last bite. (Normal sentence: the food was
so delicious that we ate every last bite.)
LATIHAN
https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/inversion-exercise-1.html
https://test-english.com/grammar-points/b2/inversion-negative-adverbials/
https://learn-english-today.com/lessons/lesson_contents/exercises/inversion_quiz1.html
https://www.esl-lounge.com/student/grammar/4g85-inversion-multiple-choice.php
https://usefulenglish.ru/miscellany/misc-exercise-three
http://random-idea-english.blogspot.com/2011/05/negative-inversion-practice-
exercises.html

Materi 29 – Conditionals
FORMULA DAN FUNGSI
• The Zero Conditional

(if + present simple, ... present simple)
If you heat water to 100 degrees, it boils.
Untuk fakta atau hal-hal umum.
o If people eat too much, they get fat.

o If you touch a fire, you get burned.
o People die if they don't eat.
o You get water if you mix hydrogen and oxygen.
o Snakes bite if they are scared
o If babies are hungry, they cry
• The First Conditional

(if + present simple, ... will + infinitive)
If it rains tomorrow, we'll go to the cinema.
Untuk hal-hal yang mungkin terjadi.
o If it rains, I won't go to the park.

o If I study today, I'll go to the party tonight.
o If I have enough money, I'll buy some new shoes.
o She'll be late if the train is delayed.
o She'll miss the bus if she doesn't leave soon.
o If I see her, I'll tell her.
• The Second Conditional

(if + past simple, ... would + infinitive)
If I had a lot of money, I would travel around the world.
Untuk hal-hal yang tidak mungkin terjadi atau sangat kecil kemungkinannya.
• If I won the lottery, I would buy a big house.

• If I met the Queen of England, I would say hello.
• She would travel all over the world if she were rich.
• She would pass the exam if she ever studied. (Dia ngga pernah belajar jadi ngga
mungkin.)

• The Third Conditional
(if + past perfect, ... would + have + past participle)
If I had gone to bed early, I would have caught the train.
Untuk hal-hal yang sudah lewat dan kita membayangkan apa yang mungkin terjadi jika
kita melakukan hal yang berbeda (penyesalan, nasihat, dsb.)
• If she had studied, she would have passed the exam.

• If I hadn't eaten so much, I wouldn't have felt sick.
• If we had taken a taxi, we wouldn't have missed the plane
• She wouldn't have been tired if she had gone to bed earlier
• She would have become a teacher if she had gone to university
• He would have been on time for the interview if he had left the house at nine
LATIHAN
https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/zero-conditional-exercise-1.html
https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/first-conditional-exercise-1.html
https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/second-conditional-exercise-1.html
https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/third-conditional-exercise-1.html
https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/first-second-third-conditionals-exercise.html
https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/conditional-sentences/type-1/exercises
https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/conditional-sentences/type-1/exercises?02
https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/conditional-sentences/exercises?04
https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/if_clauses/mix3.htm

Materi 30 – Review of All Tenses
RANGKUMAN
Present Simple
• Fakta
• Stative verb
• Rutinitas
• Frekuensi
Present Continuous
Present Perfect
• Stative verb
• Jumlah

• Masih melakukan


Past Simple
o Yesterday, two days ago, last night, last week, last month, a year ago, in 2015
Past Continuous
Past Perfect

PENTING! Past Continuous/Perfect/Perfect Continuous biasanya ditemani Past Simple
Future Simple
1. Will
• Keputusan dadakan
o Julie: There's no milk.
John: Really? In that case, I'll go and get some.
• Prediksi berdasarkan opini

o I think the Conservatives will win the next election.
• Fakta masa depan

o The sun will rise tomorrow.
• Janji, permintaan, penolakan, dan penawaran

o I’ll help you next week.
o Will you carry this for me, please?
o No, I won’t talk to him.
o I’ll look after your children, if you want.

2. Be Going To
• Keputusan yang sudah direncanakan

John: I know. I'm going to go and get some when this TV programme finishes.
• Prediksi berdasarkan hal yang dapat dilihat (atau didengar)

The Conservatives are going to win the election. They already have most of the votes.
PENTING! Perbedaan penggunaan Present Simple dan Future Simple

• Gunakan present simple untuk jadwal masa depan yang ditentukan organisasi
o School begins at nine tomorrow.
o What time does the film start?
o The plane doesn't arrive at seven. It arrives at seven thirty.
• Gunakan future simple will/be going to untuk hal yang akan dilakukan. Gunakan
present simple setelah kata hubung (when, until, after, before, & as soon as).
o I will call you when I have time.
o I won't go out until it stops raining.
o After I watch the news, I’m going to make dinner.
o As soon as I get there, I will tell you.
Future Continuous
• Perkiraan kegiatan pada jam sekian/waktu yang pasti
o At eight o'clock, I'll be eating dinner.
• Ada kegiatan yang terjadi saat kegiatan lainnya sedang terjadi
o I'll be waiting when you arrive.
• Kegiatan yang kita yakin akan berjalan sesuai rencana
o The Government will be making a statement later.
o When will you be leaving? (Ini juga lebih sopan dari bentuk Future Simple
When will you leave? karena itu seperti meminta pergi/mengusir)
Future Perfect
• Perkiraan sudah berapa lama dari sekarang sampai suatu titik di masa depan
o When we get married this November, I’ll have known you for four years.
• Perkiraan suatu kegiatan sudah selesai dikerjakan di masa depan
o By ten o’clock, I will have finished my homework.
Future Continuous
• Perkiraan sudah berapa lama dari sekarang sampai suatu titik di masa depan
o In April, she will have been teaching for twelve years.
• Perkiraan kegiatan sudah selesai dikerjakan sebelum waktu tertentu/kegiatan lain
o When I see you, I'll have been studying, so I'll be tired.
• Untuk memudahkan perhitungan
o Present Perfect Continuous: I've been working here for 11 months and three
weeks. (Betul, tapi susah dihitung.)
o Future Perfect Continuous: On Tuesday, I will have been working here for one
year. (Lebih mudah dihitung.)

LATIHAN ALL TENSES
https://www.english-4u.de/en/tenses-exercises/tenses.htm
https://www.english-4u.de/en/tenses-exercises/tenses2.htm
https://www.english-4u.de/en/tenses-exercises/tenses3.htm
https://www.english-4u.de/en/tenses-exercises/tenses-mixed.htm
https://www.english-4u.de/en/tenses-exercises/tenses-mixed2.htm
https://www.englishclub.com/esl-quizzes/grammar-5-tenses-2.php
https://www.grammarwiz.com/tenses-quiz.html
https://www.englishlearner.com/intermediate/tenses-quiz-1/
https://www.aliensbrain.com/quiz/9079/tenses
https://www.englishgrammar.org/tenses-quiz-2/
https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/complex_tests/tenses1/index.php
https://test-english.com/grammar-points/b1/review-verb-tenses-b1/
https://www.englishtestsonline.com/english-tenses-advanced-level-mcqs-test-with-
answers-1/

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Materi 1 – Present Simple with Be

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Yes/No Question vs Wh-/How… Question

Untuk konfirmasi, pakai Yes/No Question

Jawabannya seperti ini

Untuk mendapatkan informasi, pakai Wh-/How… Question

Jawabannya seperti ini

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Cara mengerjakan latihan

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Materi diterjemahkan dan diadaptasi dari www.perfect-english-grammar.com

Yes/No Question vs Wh-/How… Question

Untuk konfirmasi, pakai Yes/No Question

Jawabannya seperti ini

Untuk mendapatkan informasi, pakai Wh-/How… Question

Jawabannya seperti ini

every day = setiap hari

Biasanya ditaruh di akhir kalimat.

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Cara mengerjakan latihan

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Cara mengerjakan latihan

Present Simple digunakan untuk:

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Materi diterjemahkan dan diadaptasi dari www.perfect-english-grammar.com

Yes/No Question vs Wh-/How… Question

Untuk konfirmasi, pakai Yes/No Question

Untuk mendapatkan informasi, pakai Wh-/How… Question

Sekarang/sedang berlangsung saat ini

She is playing football now.

Rencana masa depan yang sudah pasti (definite future plan)

I’m going out later.

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• 1 konsonan + -e = hilangkan -e dan tambahkan -ing

Positive and Negative

Cara mengerjakan latihan

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Present Simple or Present Continuous?

Cara mengerjakan latihan

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Present Simple or Present Continuous?

Cara mengerjakan latihan

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Verb Correct ot Correct

Some verbs can be both stative and dynamic:

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Yes/No Question vs Wh-/How… Question

Untuk konfirmasi, pakai Yes/No Question

Untuk mendapatkan informasi, pakai Wh-/How… Question

Cara mengerjakan latihan

Materi diterjemahkan dan diadaptasi dari www.perfect-english-grammar.com

Materi diterjemahkan dan diadaptasi dari www.perfect-english-grammar.com

Yes/No Question vs Wh-/How… Question

Untuk konfirmasi, pakai Yes/No Question

Untuk mendapatkan informasi, pakai Wh-/How… Question

Positive and Negative

Cara mengerjakan latihan

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• They've lived in London since 2004.

• I've studied French for ten years.

• He's worked at the company since 2009.

1. Present perfect simple digunakan untuk stative verbs.

• He’s seen her many times.

3. Present perfect simple digunakan untuk jumlah/banyaknya suatu hal dilakukan.

Verb Correct ot Correct