Non-Institutional Correction -- Refer to that method of correcting sentenced offenders without

having to go to prison.

Community-Based Corrections --It refers to a community-based program, where a person is

subjected to the following privileges such as probation, parole and executive clemencies.

Community-Based Treatment Programs  Refer to those programs that are intended to treat
criminal offenders within the free community as alternatives to confinement.

Probation - It is a disposition under which a defendant, after conviction and sentence, is

released subject to conditions imposed by the court and to the supervision of a probation
officer.

Executive Clemency – It is the power of the Chief Executive to grant amnesty, commutation of
sentence, pardon, reprieve and remit fines and forfeitures to convicted prisoners.

Restorative Justice Program – It refers to the program enacted under RA 9344 for CICL’s that
requires a CICL’s to undergo after he/she is found responsible for an offense without resorting
to formal court proceeding like diversion, intervention and Community based programs.

Parole and Probation Administration (PPA) - Headed by Administrator Handles the

Investigation petitioners for Probation & Supervision of Probationer, Parolees, and Conditional
Pardonees.

Board of Pardons and Parole (BPP) - Headed by Chairman (DOJ Undersecretary) Responsible
for grant of Parole and recommending Executive Clemency to the President

John Augustus – He is regarded as the “father of probation” in the United States of America
who coined the term “probation” which he derived from the latin word “Probare”, meaning “to
prove, to test”.

Teodulo S. Natividad – He is known as the “father of probation” in the Philippines.

Presidential Decree No. 968 (July 24, 1976) – also known as Adult Probation Law of 1976, was
signed into law by President Ferdinand E. Marcos. It took effect on January 3, 1978.

Republic Act No. 10707 - An Act Amending Presidential Decree No. 968, Otherwise Known as
the “Probation Law Of 1976”, As Amended. Approved on Nov 26, 2015 by Pres. Benigno S.
Aquino, III

Probation Officer - He is one who investigates for the court a referral for probation or
supervises a probationer or both.

FINALITY (PD 968) - The Order of the court granting or denying probation shall not be
appealable.

Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD)- Rendering services for Children in
Conflict with the Law (CICL).

Parole - It refers to the conditional release of an offender from a correctional institution after
he has served the minimum of his prison sentence.

Executive Clemency - refers to Reprieve, Absolute Pardon, Conditional Pardon with or without
Parole Conditions and Commutation of Sentence as may be granted by the President of the
Philippines.

"Reprieve" - refers to the deferment of the implementation of the sentence for an interval of
time; it does not annul the sentence but merely postpones or suspends its execution.
"Commutation of Sentence" - refers to the reduction of the duration of a prison sentence of a
prisoner.

"Conditional Pardon" - refers to the exemption of an individual, within certain limits or

conditions, from the punishment which the law inflicts for the offense he had committed
resulting in the partial extinction of his criminal liability.

"Absolute Pardon" - refers to the total extinction of the criminal liability of the Individual to
whom it Is granted without any condition. It restores to the individual his civil and political
rights and remits the penalty imposed for the particular offense of which he was convicted.

"Petitioner" refers to the prisoner who applies for the grant of executive clemency or parole.

"Infraction Report" - The conditions of his release on parole or conditional pardon.

"Parole Supervision" - refers to the supervision/surveillance by a Probation and Parole Officer

of a parolee/pardonee.

"Infraction Report" - refers to the report submitted by the Probation and Parole Officer on
violations committed by a parolee/pardonee of the conditions of his release on parole or
conditional pardon while under supervision.

“Carpeta" - refers to the institutional record of an inmate which consists of his mittimus or
commitment order issued by the Court after conviction, the prosecutor's information and the
decisions of the trial court and the appellate court, if any; certificate of non-appeal, certificate
of detention and other pertinent documents of the case.

“Prison Record" - refers to information concerning an inmate's personal circumstances, the

offense he committed, the sentence imposed, the criminal case number in the trial and
appellate courts, the date he commenced serving his sentence, the date he was received for
confinement, the place of confinement, the date of expiration of the sentence, the number of
previous convictions, if any, and his behavior or conduct while in prison.

“Parolee" refers to a prisoner who is released on parole.

“Pardonee" refers to a prisoner who is released on conditional pardon.

Under Art. VII, Sec. 19, 1987 Philippine Constitution Except in cases of impeachment.

Pardon - It is an act of grace proceeding from the power entrusted with the execution of the
laws (The President) which exempts the individual on whom it is bestowed from the
punishment that the law inflicts for a crime he has committed.