Bandurria Pear-shaped body with a round sound hole, the bandurria is

the mainstay of the group. This instrument usually carries the main melody and
plays melodies and counterparts. Bandurrias may be divided into first, second,
and third, each one playing a different part.

TUNING

 The bandurria has six (6) sets of strings, tuned in the intervals of fourths.
o First Set (3 strings)
 Tuned to a high G (sol), the second G above the
middle C (do) of the piano
o Second Set (3 strings)
 Tuned to D (re), a fourth below the high G
o Third Set (3 strings)
 Tuned to A (la), a fourth below the D
o Fourth Set (2 strings)
 Tuned to E (mi), a fourth below the A
o Fifth Set (2 strings)
 Tuned to B (si), a fourth below the E
o Sixth Set (1 string)
 Tuned to F# (fa), a fourth below the B

DIMENSIONS

Scale length: 19 1/4 in. Total length : 33 in. No. of Strings: 14

(distance from the nut to the
bridge)
Tuning head length:10 1/2in.
Tuning head width: 2 3/8 - 2
5/8 in.
Fingerboard length: 13 1/2 in.
Fingerboard width:
   at Nut: 2 in.
   at last Fret: 2 3/8 in.
Frets:
   Total: 18
   Clear of body joint: 12
(usually marked with double
dots)
Body length: 12 7/8 in. String gauges:
Body width: 11 3/8 in. 1st course (3 strings) G
Sound hole - f : 4 1/8 in. unwound steel: .010 in.
long 2nd course (3 strings) D
Rim depth: 3 3/8 in. unwound steel: .012 in.
Bridge width: 4 1/4 in. 3rd course (3 strings) A
Bridge height: 7/16 in. copper-wound steel: .018
Bracing: Parallel in.
4th course (2 strings)E
copper-wound steel: .032
in.
5th course (2 strings) B
copper-wound steel: .040
in.
6th course (1 string) F#
copper-wound steel

Octavina Formed like a guitar with shorter neck and with round sound hole,
the octavina, like the laud, plays the lower notes in accompaniments, in
counterparts, and in unison with the bass.
TUNING

 The octavina is tuned exactly the same as the laud (and an octave lower than the bandurria) and
is interchangeable with it. This instrument has six (6) sets of strings, tuned in the intervals of
fourths.
o First Set (3 strings)
 Tuned to G (sol), the first G above the middle C (do) of the piano
o Second Set (3 strings)
 Tuned to D (re), a fourth below the G
o Third Set (3 strings)
 Tuned to A (la), a fourth below the D
o Fourth Set (2 strings)
 Tuned to E (mi), a fourth below the A
o Fifth Set (2 strings)
 Tuned to B (si), a fourth below the E
o Sixth Set (1 string)
 Tuned to F# (fa), a fourth below the B

DIMENSIONS

Scale length: 19 3/4 in.
(distance from the nut to the
bridge)
Tuning head length:10 1/4 in.
Tuning head width: 2 1/2 - 2
3/4 in.
Fingerboard length: 13 1/2 in.
Fingerboard width:
   at Nut: 2 in.
   at last Fret: 2 7/8 in.
Frets:
   Total: 18
   Clear of body joint: 12
(usually marked with double
dots)
Total length : 34 3/4 in. No. of Strings: 14
Body length: 18 3/4in. String gauges:
Body width @upper bout: 1st course(3 strings) G
11 5/16 in. unwound steel: .010 in.
Body width @lower bout: 2nd course(3 strings) D
15 1/8 in. unwound steel: .012 in.
Sound hole - round: 3 3/8 3rd course(3 strings) A
in. copper-wound steel: .018
Rim depth: 3 13/16 in. in.
Bridge width: 3 1/8 in. 4th course(2 strings) E
Bridge height: 5/8 in. copper-wound steel: .032
Bracing: Parallel in.
5th course(2 strings) B
copper-wound steel: .040
in.
6th course(1 string) F#
copper-wound steel: .048
in.

Guitar Six-stringed with long, fretted neck which can be plucked with the
fingers or with a plectrum, larger body than the octavina with round sound hole,
the guitar (guitarra) plays the accompaniments, plays melodies and counterparts,
and provides the permanent rhythm for the group using chordal and arpeggio
accompaniments. This instrument brought into the Philippines by the Spaniards
have inspired the development of the rondalla in the country. Filipino ingenuity
produced several other instruments modeled after the guitar which soon joined it
in musical group which develped into the rondalla.

TUNING
  The 6-string guitar is tuned as follows:
o First String
 E (mi), the first E above the middle C of the piano
o Second String
 B (si), going lower
o Third String
 G (sol)
o Fourth String
 D (re)
o Fifth String
 A (la)
o Sixth String
 E (mi)

DIMENSIONS

Scale length: 25 5/8 in. Total length : 39 in. No. of Strings: 6

(distance from the nut to the
bridge)
Tuning head length: 6 13/16
in.
Tuning head width: 2 5/8 - 2
7/8 in.
Fingerboard length: 25 1/2 in.
Fingerboard width:
   at Nut: 2 in.
   at last Fret: 2 5/8 in.
Frets:
   Total: 19
   Clear of body joint: 12
(usually marked with double
dots)
Body length: 18 3/4in. String gauges:
Body width @upper bout: 1st course (1 string) E
11 5/16 in. nylon: .013 in.
Body width @lower bout: 2nd course (1 string) B
15 1/8 in. nylon: .017 in.
Sound hole - round: 3 3/8 3rd course (1string) G
in. nylon: .026 in.
Rim depth: 3 13/16 in. 4th course (1 string) D
Bridge width: 3 1/8 in. copper-wound steel: .036
Bridge height: 5/8 in. in.
Bracing: Parallel 5th course (1 string) A
copper-wound steel: .046
in.
6th course (1 string) E
copper-wound
steel: .058in.

Bajo De Unas o Double Bass The double bass, also called

bass VIOL or contrabass, is four-stringed, the largest instrument of the rondalla,
shaped like the violin with two f sound holes, provides the fundamental tone, and
reinforces the rhythm. Until 1910, the bass guitar was just slightly bigger than the
ordinary guitar and was played in the same manner as the guitar, placed on the
lap. Later, the bass guitar adapted a tailpiece and was henceforth played with the
player standing up. With the tailpiece this instrument is adjustable to suit the
player's height. In the interior of the bass, a small piece of round wood is fixed
immediately behind the right foot of the bridge, to act as a support. It is called the
"sound post." Under the bridge's left foot a strip of wood known as the "bass bar"
is glued lengthways along the belly. It has different sizes: 1/2, 3/4, 7/8, or a full
size. A 1/2 or 3/4 size double bass is usually used in the elementary grades, and 3/4, 7/8 or a full size
double bass is for junior or senior high school students depending on the person's physical stature.

TUNING

 The bass guitar (bajo de uñas) has 4 strings and is tuned in fourths.
o First String
 G (sol), the first below G below the middle C of the piano
o Second String
 D (re), going lower
o Third String
 A (la)
o Fourth String
 E (mi)

DIMENSIONS

Scale length: in. (distance Total length : in. No. of Strings: 4

from the nut to the bridge)
Tuning head length: in.
Tuning head width: in.
Fingerboard length: in.
Fingerboard width
   at Nut: in.
   at last Fret: in.
Frets:
   Total:
   Clear of body joint: (usually
marked with double dots)
Body length: in. String gauges:
Body width: in. 1st course(1 string) G
Sound hole - f: in. unwound steel: .076 in.
Rim depth: in. 2nd course(1 string) D
Bridge width: in. unwound steel: .094 in.
Bridge height: in. 3rd course(1 string) A
Bracing: copper-wound steel: .104
in.
4th course(1 string) E
copper-wound steel: .140
in.

Laud Shaped similar to the bandurria but bigger, the laud has a longer neck
and two f-sound holes. It usually plays the lower notes in accompaniments,
counterparts, and in unison with the bass. The old original laud, better known as
the lute, has a round body in the shape of a half pear, a flat neck with seven or
more frets, and a separate pegbox bent back at an angle.

TUNING

 The laud is tuned exactly the same as the bandurria except one octave
lower. This instrument has six (6) sets of strings, tuned in the intervals of
fourths.
 o First Set (3 strings)
 Tuned to G (sol), the first G above the middle C (do) of the piano
o Second Set (3 strings)
 Tuned to D (re), a fourth below the G
o Third Set (3 strings)
 Tuned to A (la), a fourth below the D
o Fourth Set (2 strings)
 Tuned to E (mi), a fourth below the A
o Fifth Set (2 strings)
 Tuned to B (si), a fourth below the E
o Sixth Set (1 string)
 Tuned to F# (fa), a fourth below the B

DIMENSIONS

Scale length: 19 1/4 in. Total length : 33 in. No. of Strings: 14

(distance from the nut to the
bridge)
Tuning head length:10 1/2in.
Tuning head width: 2 3/8 - 2
5/8 in.
Fingerboard length: 13 1/2 in.
Fingerboard width:
   at Nut: 2 in.
   at last Fret: 2 3/8 in.
Frets:
   Total: 18
   Clear of body joint: 12
(usually marked with double
dots)
Body length: 12 7/8 in. String gauges:
Body width: 11 3/8 in. 1st course (3 strings) G
Sound hole - f : 4 1/8 in. unwound steel: .010 in.
long 2nd course (3 strings) D
Rim depth: 3 3/8 in. unwound steel: .012 in.
Bridge width: 4 1/4 in. 3rd course (3 strings) A
Bridge height: 7/16 in. copper-wound steel: .018
Bracing: Parallel in.
4th course (2 strings)E
copper-wound steel: .032
in.
5th course (2 strings) B
copper-wound steel: .040
in.
6th course (1 string) F#
copper-wound steel

Rondalla Instruments

PROJECT IN
MAPEH
SCRAPBOOK
RILEY JAMES Q. LLADOC
GRADE V - MABAIT

Triangle is a musical instrument in the percussion family,

and is classified as an idiophone in the Hornbostel-
Sachs classification system. Triangles are made from a variety
of metals including aluminum, beryllium copper, brass, bronze,
iron, and steel. The metal is formed into a triangle shape by
bending or casting methods. The instrument is usually held by a
loop of some form of thread or wire at the top curve. The triangle
theoretically has indefinite pitch,[1] and produces a plurality of
overtones when struck with an appropriate beater.

Marimba is a musical instrument in

the percussion family that consists of wooden bars that are
struck by mallets. Below each bar is a resonator pipe that
amplifies particular harmonics of its sound. Compared to
the xylophone, the timbre of the marimba is warmer,
deeper, more resonant, and more pure. It also tends to
have a lower range than that of a xylophone. Typically, the
bars of a marimba are arranged chromatically, like the keys
of a piano. The marimba is a type of idiophone.
 Xylophone is a musical instrument in the percussion family that consists of wooden bars struck
by mallets. Like the glockenspiel (which uses metal bars), the xylophone essentially consists of a set of
tuned wooden keys arranged in the fashion of the keyboard of a piano. Each bar is an idiophone tuned to
a pitch of a musical scale, whether pentatonic or heptatonic in the case of many African and Asian
instruments, diatonic in many western children's instruments, or chromatic for orchestral use.

Bass drum is a large drum that produces a note of

low definite or indefinite pitch. The instrument is typically
cylindrical, with the drum's diameter much greater than the
drum's depth, with a struck head at both ends of the
cylinder. The heads may be made of calfskin or plastic and
there is normally a means of adjusting the tension either by
threaded taps or by strings

Lyre is
a stringed musical instrument that is classified
by Hornbostel–Sachs as a member of the lute- family of
instruments. In organology, a lyre is considered
a yoke lute, since it is a lute in which the strings are
attached to a yoke that lies in the same plane as the sound
table, and consists of two arms and a crossbar.