Sentence Stems… Structural devices Sentence Stems Sentence Stems

The extract begins with… • Order of events (Effects) (reader)

At the beginning, the writer… (beginning, middle, This: This makes the
end) • shows reader…
The writer changes the focus… • Change in focus • conveys • ask themselves
The focus is changed to… • Repetition • portrays • wonder
As the extract develops… • First sentence • implies • question
• Last sentence • communicates • agree
At the end of the text… • Patterns • insinuates • sympathise
The ending links with the • Perspective change • creates • assume
opening sentence… • Juxtaposition • highlights • remember
The ending reminds the • Tense changes • Displays • believe
reader… • Punctuation • Alludes This makes the reader
• Foreshadowing • Hints feel…
The writer also uses… • Zoom in/Zoom out • Expresses • shocked
The use of • amused
dialogue/repetition/ • disgusted
punctuation/zooming in, etc… • outraged
• confused
• puzzled
• sadness
• melancholy
• frustration
• fury