INTRO TO AGRICULTURAL

COMMODITY & ENTERPRISE

DAVID BRIAN ATONG

JANNINE ROSE MAY DELA CRUZ
JUNALYN EPIFANIO
HUIBART BRUCE SUBRICARAY
JOHN MARK OTACAN
ARIES LUMANGGAL

APRIL 2023
Farmer: Rolly Montaño
Farm location: Prk.Shuttle, Brgy. San Jose, General Santos City
Commodity: Corn
Farm Area: 1 hectare

I. Input
The use of cultivated plants or animals to produce products for sustaining or
enhancing human life.

1.1 Seeds- the farmer uses bioseed’s seeds, a hybrid variety of corn. It is resistant
to leaf bright and gibbrela Ear rot, resistant to rot and stalk lodging, with
yieldgard corn borer protection traits: season-long protection of corn from
Asiatic corn borer.

1.2 Fertilizers- Urea and NK fertilizer were used as their soil conditioner.
a. Urea- it provide the plants with nitrogen to promote green leafy growth
and make the plant look lush. It is also aids the photosynthesis
process of plants. Since urea fertilizer can provide only nitrogen and
not phosphorus or potassium, it’s primarily used for bloom growth.

b. Complete Fertilizer – it is used to give plants, including lawns, vegetable,

flower, and potted plants, a healthy boost during the growing season.
It contains equal amount of nitrogen, phosphosrus, and potassium
(14%N, 14%P, 14%K).

1.3 Herbicide- it is used to control undesired plants, also known as weeds. The
farmer uses Roundup herbicide.

Seeds were purchased directly from Bioseed by the owner, Mr. Dave Magbanua.
fertilizer and Herbicide were purchased at M&N Enterprises located at Polomolok, South
Cotabato.

II. Processing
The conversion of agricultural products to substances which have high particular
textural, sensory, and nutritional properties using commercially feasible methods.
2.1 Land Preparation- it would take two to three weeks depending on the
availability of water this can be done as early as right after harvesting or for
rain fen even after a single rainfall.

a. Ploughing - plough the land deep using tractor or a carabao attached with
a plow to turn over soil and bury weeds as well as the remains of the
previous crops allowing this materials to be incorporated into the soil
and to be decomposed.

b. Harrowing- After ploughing the next step is to harrow the field twice or
once to two weeks intervals this allows for the decomposition of
weeds and stubbles. This is done to smoothen the soil surface. Once
a finer texture is achieved the field is almost ready for planting.

c. furrowing- furrow the land at 75 centimeter spacing between rows.

2.2 Basel Fertilization- after furrowing fertilizer can be applied as basel. Applying
fertilizer at basel stage before planting would help in the early stage of the
corn plant. This provides the nutrients needed by corn during the early stage
of growth. However, application of fertilizer can also be done at seven to ten
days after planting or once seeds have germinated. Late application of
fertilizer will slow down the growth of the corn and yield may decrease due
to lack of nutrients.

2.3 Planting- for hybrid variety, plant one seed per hill or two seeds for hill for
open pollinated varieties. OPV seeds should be spaced at 25 centimeters
apart then covered with soil.

2.4 Weed Management-controlling weeds can be done as needed, simply by

spraying herbicide into the field. Weeds can controlled either before they
germinate by applying pre-emergence herbicide or after they germinate on
the field by applying post-emergence herbicide.

2.5 Side-Dress- Side dress is needed before tasseling stage this is done about
25-30 days after planting. Apply fertilizer, five centimeters away from the
base of the corn plant. As much as possible, cover the fertilizer with soil.
 2.6 Pest & Disease Management- pests and diseases can be prevented by
monitoring the field regularly. Regular monitoring is important for early
detection of pest and diseases to avoid crop damage and eventually yield.

2.7 Harvesting- corn is physiologically mature and is ready for harvest when a
black layer at the base of the kernel has formed. To harvest corn is to hold
the ear firmly, put down and twist it husk and all from the stalk.

III. Processing
The conversion of agricultural products to substances which have high particular
textual, sensory, and nutritional properties using commercially feasible methods.
.
3.1 Pre-Drying- harvested products is dried in order to undergo the next
operation of threshing.

3.2 Corn Shelling- it is a post harvest operation is removal of maize seeds from
The cob.

3.3 Drying - before storing the grains, it should be properly dried in the sun to
reduce moisture content. This prevent the attack by insects, pest, bacteria
and fungi.

3.4 Sacking - after drying the kernel, the dried corns will be placed inside the
sack to store and keep it safe from rodents, insects and etch.

IV. Marketing
It is the process of exploring, creating, and delivering value to meet the needs of
the target market in terms of goods and services.

 The shelled corn were sold to BGAN livestocks and poultry solutions and used it
to formulate feed stuff.
V. Table

Input
Production Processing Marketing
Provision

Farmers Private BGAN

Bioseed and
and Sheller and livestock
N&M
Contracted Contracted and Poultry
Enterprises
Workers Workers Solution

 SEEDS  LAND  CORN  PROCESSED

 BIOSEED PREPARATION SHELLING INTO
 PLOUGHING FEEDSTUFF
 FERTILIZER  HARROWING
 UREA  FURROWING
 TRIPLE
 BASEL
 HERBICIDE FERTILIZATION  PRE-DRYING
 ROUNDUP  DRYING
HERBICIDE  PLANTING  SACKING

 WEED
MANAGEMENT

 SIDE-DRESS

 PEST &
DISEASES
MANAGEMENT

 HARVESTING