PERFORM ESTIMATION

AND BASIC
CALCULATION (MC)
 The learner demonstrates an
CONTENT
understanding of estimation and
STANDARD basic calculation.
OBJECTIVES

PERFORMANCE The learner accurately performs

STANDARD estimation and basic calculation.
LO 1. PERFORM ESTIMATION
TLE_AFAC7/8MC-0d-4

01
identify the farm resources to
be estimated

02
Estimate time needed to complete
OBJECTIVES a work/activity

03
Calculate the duration of work
completion
 Can you identify each picture below? What is the basic requirement to
complete each task?
MOTIVATION

Plowing Planting

Applying fertilizer Irrigation

 Farm Inputs And Labor Requirements
TOPIC
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Area- refers to the size of the surface
Fertilizer- any material added to the soil to support nutrient
Germination- the development of the seed into a young plant
Gross Income/Sales- the equivalent value of the product sold
Interest- the corresponding value that will be added to the principal as payment
for using money of the lender
Labor- refers to the work performed by farm workers in exchange for salary
Net Income- the value remains after all the expenses have been deducted from
the gross income or sales
Principal –refers to the amount you owed
ACTIVITY
ANALYSIS

1. Have you visited a farm?

2. What have you observed?
3. What are farm Inputs?
4. What are the common activities can you identify that the
farmers do?
5. What are the processes involved in the farming cycle?
 Land Preparation
ABSTRACTION

Harvest and Post FARMING Planting

Harvest Processes CYCLE

Plant Care
Farming cycle is the cycle of activities related to the growth and
harvest of a crop. The cycle starts with crop selection. The crop
election process include different laborious activities like surveying of
prices of different crops, market demand, sale potential, budget
requirement, feasibility of the crop, and crop productivity.

To produce higher crop yield, it depends on different farm activities.

Farm activities needed capital to finance cost of production such as
farm inputs and labor requirements essential in farming cycle. Every
stages of farming cycle is composed of different inputs, labor
requirement, and workers. Some of the farm input needs are the
following: equipment, planting materials (seed, etc.), fertilizers,
and pesticides, etc.
What do farmers measure and estimate in the farm?
The stages of crop management involved different services that needed
farm worker to do a task in production. The farm owner capital is relevant
in the process of farming cycle dependent on crop requirements.
The following are the farm inputs, activities and worker to perform the task
in the stages of farming cycle/crop production:

I. FARM INPUTS are resources put into the production process such as land,
labour, implements, seed, mechanization (tractors) fertilizer, pesticides.

A. Seeds - a mature ovule consisting of an

embryonic plant together with a stored food, all
surrounded by a protective coat. It is used to
propagate plants easily.
B. Fertilizers – a substance that
supplies nutrients to the soil that are
essential for the growth of a plant.

C. Pesticide / insecticide is any

substance used to kill, repel, or
control certain forms of plant or
animal life that are considered to be
pests.
II. LABOR INPUTS / LABOR REQUIREMENTS
A. LAND PREPARATION
These are the energy needed so that the production grows. Labor inputs also
use tools and equipment to make the labor easy and to secure the production
activity.

Plowing using tractor Plowing using animal

II. LABOR INPUTS / LABOR REQUIREMENTS
A. LAND PREPARATION
These are the energy needed so that the production grows. Labor inputs also
use tools and equipment to make the labor easy and to secure the production
activity.

Harrowing using hand

Clearing the land tractor
B. PLANTING

Pulling of seedlings Transplanting of seedlings

Transplanting ensures a uniform plant stand and gives the rice crop a head start over
emerging weeds. Further, seedlings are established even if the field is not leveled
adequately and has variable water levels.
 C. PLANT CARE

Pest control
Application of fertilizer
Pest control is “utilizing environmentally
Fertilization or fertilizer application is the
sensitive prevention, avoidance,
supplemental application of plant nutrients to crop
monitoring, and suppression strategies, to
plants to augment the supply from natural sources.
manage weeds, insects, diseases, animals
This consists of applying nutrient-containing
and other organisms that directly or
materials, called fertilizers, generally into the soil in
indirectly cause damage or annoyance.
proximity to receptor plants.
 C. PLANT CARE

Irrigation
Irrigation is the artificial application of water to the
soil through various systems of tubes, pumps, and
sprays. Irrigation is usually used in areas where rainfall
is irregular or dry times or drought is expected. There
are many types of irrigation systems, in which water is
supplied to the entire field uniformly.
Manual weeding
The unwanted plants that grow in-between
crops are called weeds. The process of removal
of such unwanted plants is called weeding.
Weeding is important in agriculture because
weeds are competitive plants as they reduce the
useful crop yield by acquiring space, fertilizers,
and nutrients from the soil.
D. HARVEST and POST HARVEST PROCESSES
Harvesting
Gathering a mature crop from the fields is
the procedure of harvesting. Reaping is the act
of harvesting grain or pulses by cutting them
with a scythe, sickle, or reaper. Harvesting is
the most labor-intensive task of the growing
season on smaller farms with little equipment.
Threshing
Threshing is the process of separating
the grain from the straw. It can be either
done by hand, by using a treadle
thresher or mechanized.
D. HARVEST and POST HARVEST PROCESSES

Drying rice Storing

Drying is the phase of the post-harvest
system during which the product is rapidly These grains either need to be consumed
dried until it reaches the “safe-moisture” before their quality deteriorates or should be
level. The aim of drying is to lower the stored in a good place for preservation.
moisture content of the grain for safe storage
and further processing.
 Classify the following labor requirements according to farm activities. Choose
your answer inside the box. Write your answer in a specified column of farm
activities.
Land and Planting Planting Plant Care Harvesting and
APPLICATION
materials Postharvest
Preparation Processes
Ex. Plowing

Plowing Harrowing Spraying Insecticides Clearing

Hand pulling of seedlings Transplanting Fertilizing
Weeding At Vegetative Stage Applying Herbicides
Watering
Applying Fertilizer Threshing Drying
Storing Direct seeding Hauling of harvested products
 Classify the following labor requirements according to farm activities. Choose
your answer inside the box. Write your answer in a specified column of farm
activities.
Land and Planting Planting Plant Care Harvesting and
materials Postharvest Processes
Preparation
ANSWER

plowing, harrowing, Transplanting, Spraying insecticides, threshing, drying,

clearing, hand pulling direct seeding weeding at vegetative hauling of harvested
of seedlings, stage, applying products, storing
herbicides, applying
fertilizer, watering
Plowing Harrowing Spraying Insecticides Clearing
Hand pulling of seedlings Transplanting Fertilizing
Weeding At Vegetative Stage Applying Herbicides
Watering
Applying Fertilizer Threshing Drying
Storing Direct seeding Hauling of harvested products
 A. Choose the best answer.
1. Cardo planted different crops in his land. Which of the following farm inputs he
FORMATIVE TEST
should add to soil to increase its fertility and ensure healthy crops?
A. insecticides B. seeds C. Fertilizers D. Pesticides
2. In determining the estimation of farm inputs, which of the following should be
considered:
A. Farm inputs and supplies only C. Crop growth
B. Labor requirements only D. Farm inputs and farm labor
B. Identify the farm resources to be estimated.

3. 4. 5.
 A. Choose the best answer.
1. Cardo planted different crops in his land. Which of the following farm inputs he
FORMATIVE TEST
should add to soil to increase its fertility and ensure healthy crops?
A. insecticides B. seeds C. Fertilizers D. Pesticides
2. In determining the estimation of farm inputs, which of the following should be
considered:
A. Farm inputs and supplies only C. Crop growth
B. Labor requirements only D. Farm inputs and farm labor
B. Identify the farm resources to be estimated.

3. 4. 5.

Seeds Fertilizers Irrigation

REFLECT

In estimating those farm inputs, we need to know the

situation of the farm such as the land area, the necessary
farm inputs in order to estimate the needed money and to
allot the budget correctly to run the production of the farm.