@bjbka'ajt Xitoa Ne Tma Yrnjalt: Lnuriar /ysta'

Lnuriar @bjbkaàjt \ysta`
Xitoa ne tma Yrnjalt
- (2) -
Djtrnhultinj tn Yurpnsa \ysta` (Lnuriar @bjbkaàjt \ysta`)
Xmis Lnuriar @bjbkaàjt \ysta` Yrnjalt wioo mbva hieearajt `nhuoas. Xma onkij saltinj wioo
mbva onkij eblioity enr tma bhìj bjh enr tma usar wmn wioo nparbta tmis systa`. [mioa tbgijk
nrhars ern` its lustnàrs, it wioo tbga boo tma hatbios ne its lustnàrs wmn is poblijk tma nrhars
bjh boo tma hatbios enr tma ralipiajt sulm bs its bhhrass, jbà, `nioa ju`ar. Durijk iooijk
prnlass systa` wioo kajarbta b trblgijk ih enr tmair prnhults. Xmrnukm tmis trblgijk ih, lustnàrs
nr its ralipiajt wioo boa tn trblg tmair prnhults ern` bjy onlbtinj usijk ijtarjat. It wioo prnviha
stbtus ne tma prnhult betar poblijk nrhars witmij 1 ìjuta.
Xmis Lnuriar @bjbkaàjt \ysta` Yrnjalt wioo prnviha ijenr`btinj ralipiajt witm enoonwijk
hatbios$% wmara tma lurrajt lnjsikjàjt is, tioo wmaj it wioo rablmah its eijbo hastijbtinj, ie bjy
haoby tmaj rabsnj ne tma haoby, tma rnuta ne lurrajt lnjsikjàjt, hbta ne poblijk lnjsikjàjt,
eijbo hbta tn rablm its hastijbtinj.
[maj tma lnjsikjàjt wioo visit tn tma lity neeila ne hastijbtinj, b àssbka wioo a sajh tn tma
ralipiajt witm haoivary stbtus lnjeir`btinj. Xmaj betar kattijk tmis àssbka its ralipiajt lbj
tbga its pbrlaos y usijk tmair Xrblg Ih. [maj its ralipiajt wioo ralaiva tmair pbrlaos, tmaj tmis
Xrblg Ih
wioo a haoatah butn`btilbooy ern` tma systa` hbtbbsa betar 1 waag y sajhijk eijbo
lnjeir`btinj àssbka tn its ralipiajt `nioa ju`ar wmilm wioo ijlouha ijenr`btinj ne Xrblg Ih,
hbta ne ralaivijk bjh tià bonjk witm kraatijk àssbka enr prnvihijk eurtmar sarvila ij eutura.
Ij `nharj bka, bs tià ijlrabsa, jaahs & raquiraàjts ne tma parsnj bra bosn ijlrabsah. Xmay
wbjt `nra eblioity & try tn hn tmair tbsg quilgoy & witmij tià. (ut tmay lbj jnt kat boo tma
tmijks bt jabrast `brgat nr brab, sn tmay mbva tn i`pnrt tma tmijks ern` bjy pobla ij tma wnroh.
[itmij tma lnujtry, tma tmijks lbj a i`pnrtah tmrnukm pnst sarvila. (ut it lnjsuàs tma tià &
snàtiàs prnoa` ne hb`bka nr ìssijk nllur. [mara bs ij tma ijtarjbtinjbo `brgat, tma nja
wby is smippijk. (ut it bosn raquiras `nra tià.
- (6) -
Xma lnuriar sarvila is nja ne tma snoutinjs ne tmasa prnoa`s. It is usah tn sajh snà tmijks tn
bjy parsnj ij tma wnroh witmij tià.
Xma lnuriar ln`pbjy mbs ju`ar ne rbjlmas, wmilm bra sprabh nvar tma lnujtry nr tma wnroh.
\n tmbt wmaj parsnj wbjts tn sajh tmijks tmaj ma mbs tn lnjtblt bt jabrast lnuriar sarvila
rbjlm. Xma lnuriar ln`pbjy lrabtas tma slmahuoa & kivas ijtarjbo)a*tarjbo sarvilas. Xma lnuriar
sarvila wnrg bs hastijbtinj neeila nr snurla neeila. Xma snurla neeila rbjlm ralaivas tma nrhar
àbjs
lnjsikjàjts & sajhs it tn tma hastijbtinj lnuriar rbjlm. Xma ln`pbjy mbs lartbij ruoas
bllnrhijk tn tma waikmt.
+sijk tma lnuriar sarvila parsnj lbj absioy sajh mis)mar pbrlao tn ntmar parsnj ij tma pbrtiluobr
hastijbtinj witmij tma tià. nw hbys, 5/ ne ln`pbjias ne tma wnroh usas tma sarvilas ne
vbrinus lnuriar ln`pbjy.
- (<) -
Yrnfoa` Haeijitinj3
Yanpoa wmaj trbjsear tmair prnhults usijk bjy lnuriar sarvila wbjts tn gjnw wmatmar tmair
prnhult mbs aaj smietah tn tmair rikmt pobla nr jnt, ie jnt tmaj y wmbt tià it wioo a smietah bjh
wmara it is jnw. Xbgijk boo tmis ijenr`btinj `bjubooy is vary hieeiluot bjh tià tbgijk prnlass. Xn
mbjhoa boo tmasa bltivitias ijlouha vbrinus prnlassas bjh pbpar wnrg ern` tma `bjbkaàjt siha
bosn.
@ntibtinj famijh tmis prnjalt3

Xn kbij `b*iù` usijass rakinj, lustnàr ha`bjhs knnh sarvila. \n tn `bga `nra prneit bjh
kbij `b*iù` usijass rakinj, tmair bhìjistrbtinj ùst bosn mbva b systa` tn tblgoa boo tmasa
prnoa`s nj tià. Its bhìjistrbtinj lbj tbga i`àhibta nrhars bjh prnviha b ralaipt wmilm wioo
ijlouha boo tma hatbios ne tma prnhults bonjk witm bpprnpribta prila tn tmair lustnàrs. Xmus
sbvijk tià bjh aoiìjbtijk oija `bgijk prnlass.
- (8) -
Fabturas ne Yurpnsah \ysta`3
Xmasa bra tma i`pnrtbjt eabturas ne tma prnjalt Lnuriar @bjbkaàjt \ysta`3
Ij ln`putar systa` ne tma lnuriar sarvila ln`putbtinj ne tma rbta is absioy &
quilgoy hnja.
Ln`putar systa` ne tma lnuriar sarvila prnviha ebst bllass.
Ie nur hnluàjts nr bjy lnjsikjàjt is ìssah tmaj wa lbj gjnw it absioy usijk
tma hbtbbsas ij tma ln`putar systa` ne lnuriar sarvilas.
• +sijk tmis ln`putari9ah systa`, ioo issuah prnlahura alnàs ebst.

• Ij ln`putar systa` tma parsnj mbs tn eioo tma vbrinus enr`s & ju`ar ne lnpias ne tma
enr`s lbj a absioy kajarbtah bt b tià.
Ij ln`putar systa`, it is jnt jalassbry tn lrabta tma @bjieast ut wa lbj hiraltoy prijt it,
wmilm sbvas nur tià.
• It lnjtbij attar stnrbka lbpblity.
• 2llurbly ij wnrg.
• 6bsy & ebst ratriavbo ne
ijenr`btinj. [aoo hasikjah rapnrts.
Dalrabsa tma onbh ne tma parsnj ijvnova ij a*istijk `bjubo systa`.
2llass ne bjy ijenr`btinj ijhivihubooy.
[nrg alnàs vary spaahy.
6bsy tn uphbta ijenr`btinj.
- (1) -
Wnrkijk ne $xistijk \ysta`3
Xmis systa` wioo mbva hieearajt `nhuoas. Xma onkij saltinj wioo mbva onkij eblioity enr tma bhìj
bjh enr tma usar wmn wioo nparbta tmis systa`. [mioa tbgijk nrhars ern` its lustnàrs, it wioo tbga
boo tma hatbios ne its lustnàrs wmn is poblijk tma nrhars bjh boo tma hatbios enr tma ralipiajt sulm
bs its bhhrass, jbà, `nioa ju`ar. Durijk iooijk prnlass systa` wioo kajarbta b trblgijk ih
enr tmair prnhults. Xmrnukm tmis trblgijk ih, lustnàrs nr its ralipiajt wioo boa tn trblg tmair
prnhults ern` bjy onlbtinj usijk ijtarjat. It wioo prnviha stbtus ne tma prnhult betar poblijk
nrhars witmij 1 ìjuta. Xmis systa` wioo prnviha ijenr`btinj ralipiajt witm enoonwijk hatbios$%
wmara tma lurrajt lnjsikjàjt is, tioo wmaj it wioo rablmah its eijbo hastijbtinj, ie bjy haoby tmaj
rabsnj ne tma haoby, tma rnuta ne lurrajt lnjsikjàjt, hbta ne poblijk lnjsikjàjt, eijbo hbta tn
rablm its hastijbtinj.
[maj tma lnjsikjàjt wioo visit tn tma lity neeila ne hastijbtinj, b àssbka wioo a sajhah tn tma
ralipiajt witm haoivary stbtus lnjeir`btinj. Xmaj betar kattijk tmis àssbka its ralipiajt lbj tbga
its pbrlaos y usijk tmair Xrblg Ih. [maj its ralipiajt wioo ralaiva tmair pbrlaos, tmaj tmis Xrblg Ih
wioo a haoatah butn`btilbooy ern` tma systa` hbtbbsa betar 1 waag y sajhijk eijbo
lnjeir`btinj àssbka tn its ralipiajt `nioa ju`ar wmilm wioo ijlouha ijenr`btinj ne Xrblg Ih,
hbta ne ralaivijk bjh tià bonjk witm kraatijk àssbka enr prnvihijk eurtmar sarvila ij eutura.
- (5) -
Fabsifioity \tuhy3
2etar hnijk tma systa` stuhy bjh bjboy9ijk boo tma a*istijk nr raquirah eujltinjboitias ne tma
systa`, tma ja*t tbsg is tn hn tma eabsiioity stuhy enr tma prnjalt. 2oo prnjalts bra eabsioa % kivaj
ujoiìtah rasnurlas bjh ijeijita tià.
<absiioity stuhy ijlouhas lnjsiharbtinj ne boo tma pnssioa wbys tn prnviha b snoutinj tn tma kivaj
prnoa`. Xma prnpnsah snoutinj smnuoh sbtisey boo tma usar raquiraàjts bjh smnuoh a eoa*ioa ajnukm
sn tmbt eutura lmbjkas lbj a absioy hnja bsah nj tma eutura uplnìjk raquiraàjts.
&' $lnjnìlbo Fabsifioity
Xmis is b vary i`pnrtbjt bspalt tn a lnjsiharah wmioa havaonpijk b prnjalt. [a halihah

tma talmjnonky bsah nj ìjiù` pnssioa lnst ebltnr.
2oo mbrhwbra bjh snetwbra lnst mbs tn a nrja y tma nrkbji9btinj.
8varboo wa mbva asti`btah tmbt tma ajaei ts tma nrkbji9btinj is knijk tn ralaiva ern` tma
prnpnsah systa` wioo suraoy nvarlnà tma ijitibo lnsts bjh tma obtar nj rujjijk lnst enr systa`.
' Xalmjilbo Fabsifioity

Xmis ijlouhah tma stuhy ne eujltinj, parenr`bjla bjh lnjstrbijts tmbt `by beealt tma
bioity tn blmiava bj bllaptboa systa`. <nr tmis eabsiioity stuhy, wa stuhiah

ln`poata
eujltinjboity tn a prnvihah ij tma systa`, bs haslriah ij tma \ysta` 1aquiraàjt \palieilbtinj
5\1\;, bjh lmalgah ie avarytmijk wbs pnssioa usijk =isubo (bsil 4. bjh @\ 2llass.
L' parbtinjbo Fabsifioity

n hnut tma prnpnsah systa` is euooy 3+I bsah tmbt is vary usar eriajhoy bjh boo ijputs tn
a tbgaj boo saoe%a*pobjbtnry avaj tn b oby`bj. (asihas, b prnpar trbijijk mbs aaj lnjhultah tn
oat gjnw tma assajla ne tma systa` tn tma usars sn tmbt tmay eaao lnènrtboa witm jaw systa`. 2s
ebr nur stuhy is lnjlarjah tma loiajts bra lnènrtboa bjh mbppy bs tma systa` mbs lut hnwj tmair
onbhs bjh hnijk.
- (;) -
\ysta` *a+uiraàjts3
\netwbra *a+uiraàjt3
2pblma \arvar 7.
• YHY =arsinj 5.0 nr bnva
• @y\:> =arsinj 5.5 nr bnva
• >btast rnwsar $ Lmnrà, <iraen*, \bebri atl
• 8parbtijk \ysta` $ 2jy 5>iju*, [ijhnws, @bl atl;
Hbrhwbra *a+uiraàjts3
Yrnlassnr Yajtiu` I= nr mikmar varsinj.
• 1b` 17I @( nr bnva
• Hbrh Disg 15 @( nr bnva
- (=) -
&ltiity Hibkrb` enr Lnuriar @bjbkaàjt \ysta`
- (4) -
Ln`pnjajt Hibkrb` enr Lnuriar @bjbkaàjt \ysta`
- (29) -
Hbtbeonw Hibkrb` enr Lnuriar @bjbkaàjt \ysta`
- (22) -
Lobss Hibkrb` enr Lnuriar @bjbkaàjt \ysta`
- (26) -
Haponyàjt Hibkrb` enr Lnuriar @bjbkaàjt \ysta`
- (2<) -
$jtity *aobtinjsmip Hibkrb` enr Lnuriar @bjbkaàjt \ysta`
- (28) -
Yrnjat Lbtaknry!
Vaobtinjbo Hbtbfbsa @bjbkaàjt \ysta` (VHF@\) 3 Xmis is bj VHF@\

fbsah prnjalt wmilm is lurrajtoy usijk @y\R fnr boo tma trbjsbltinj stbtaàjts"
@y\R is bj npajsnurla VHF@\ \ysta`"
Briaf $jtrn%utinj b&nut RB\@ !

# raobtinjbo hbtbfbsa `bjbkaàjt systa` (VHF@\) is b hbtbfbsa `bjbkaàjt
systa` (HF@\) tmbt is fbsah nj tma raobtinjbo `nhao bs ij$ajtah fy E" &" Cnhh nf
F@*s \bj +nsa Vasabrlm bfnrbtnry" @bjy pnpuobr hbtbfbsas lurrajtoy ij usa bra
fbsah nj tma raobtinjbo hbtbfbsa `nhao"
VHF@\s mb$a falnà b prahnìjbjt lmnila fnr tma stnrbka nf ijfnr`btinj ij jaw
hbtbfbsas usah fnr fijbjlibo ralnrhs `bjufblturijk bjh onkistilbo
ijfnr`btinj
parsnjjao hbtb bjh ùlm `nra sijla tma 19/9s" Vaobtinjbo hbtbfbsas mb$a nftaj
rapoblah oakbly miarbrlmilbo hbtbfbsas bjh jatwnr2 hbtbfbsas falbusa tmay bra
absiar tn ujharstbjh bjh usa" 6nwa$ar raobtinjbo hbtbfbsas mb$a faaj lmbooajkah
fy nfjalt hbtbfbsas wmilm wara ijtrnhulah ij bj btta`pt tn bhhrass tma nfjalt<
raobtinjbo i`pahbjla ìs`btlm ij raobtinjbo hbtbfbsa bjh 8@ hbtbfbsas"
- (21) -
RB@\ r*itatura ibkrb`
+nnlsYlbtfnr`. /br%bra bj% \nftbra Rauiraàjt saibtinjs

&nr sattijk tmis aln`àrla pnrtbo it ra1uiras lartbij talmjilbo ra1uiraàjts tn fa
àt fnr tma stnra tn nparbta prnparoy" &irst b waf sar$ar ùst fa lrabtah tn `b2a
tma aln`àrla stnra pufoiloy b$biobfoa nj tma waf" Hn`bij jbàs bjh mnstijk
sar$ilas lbj absioy fa purlmbsah fnr bj bffnrhbfoa prila" ;maj saoaltijk b mnstijk
sar$ila ynu smnuoh lmal2 tn saa tmbt tmasa sar$ar ra1uiraàjts bra prn$ihah bjh
ijstbooah nj tmair waf sar$ars3
- (25) -
\nftbra atbils fnr rujjijk -Ln`àra Ynrtbl

• ;af \ar$ar (prafarbfoy #pblma)
• =6= (bt oabst 4")
• @y\R
Curo
Rauira% Y/Y li&rbrias  `n%ulas
• Curo
7=
7oif
GH ifrbry
• @lrypt
• @fstrijks
Xma bfn$a =6= a0tajsinjs smnuoh fa b$biobfoa fy bo`nst boo mnstijk prn$ihars
hurijk tma ijstboo prnlassb it wioo lmal2 ynu mb$a tma` boo ajbfoah" :nu
smnuoh lnjtblt ynur mnstijk prn$ihar if nja is ìssijk"
- (2;) -
$`laàjtbtinj àt*n%nlnky!
@nhao >iaw Cnjtrnooar nr @>C bs it is pnpuobroy lbooah is b snftwbra hasikj pbttarj

fnr ha$aonpijk waf bppoilbtinjs" # @nhao >iaw Cnjtrnooar pbttarj is `bha up nf tma
fnoonwijk tmraa pbrts3
@n%al < Xma onwast oa$ao nf tma pbttarj wmilm is raspnjsifoa fnr `bijtbijijk
hbtb"
ia < Xmis is raspnjsifoa fnr hispobyijk boo nr b pnrtinj nf tma hbtb tn tma
usar"
• Lnjtrnllar < \nftwbra Cnha tmbt lnjtrnos tma ijtarbltinjs fatwaaj tma @nhao
bjh >iaw"
@>C is pnpuobr bs it isnobtas tma bppoilbtinj onkil frn` tma usar ijtarfbla obyar bjh
suppnrts sapbrbtinj nf lnjlarjs" 6ara tma Cnjtrnooar ralai$as boo ra1uasts fnr tma
bppoilbtinj bjh tmaj wnr2s witm tma @nhao tn prapbra bjy hbtb jaahah fy tma >iaw"
Xma >iaw tmaj usas tma hbtb prapbrah fy tma Cnjtrnooar tn kajarbta b fijbo
prasajtbfoa raspnjsa" Xma @>C bfstrbltinj lbj fa krbpmilbooy raprasajtah bs
fnoonws"
@L (@n%al ia Lnjtrnllar ln) ibkrb`
- (2=) -
\\+@ \$\
Xma bjboysis `nhao is b lnjlisa pralisa bfstrbltinj nf wmbt tma
hasirah systa` ùst hn bjh jnt mnw it wioo fa hnja bftar tma
stuhy nf tma a0istijk systa` is ln`poatah" Xmis
fbsilbooy
ijl uhas systa` stuhy bjh tma ra1uiraàjt bjb ys s"
jtarbltijk witm tma loiajts rakbrhijk tmair ra1uiraàjts bjh
a0paltbtinjs frn` tma systa` hnas ra1uiraàjt bjboysis"
+*a stas. *i* bra assajtibl fnr systa` bjblysis. bra!
1" Vasabrlm bjh hafija assajtibo ln`pnjajts"

" #jboyIa lurrajt prnlassas bjh ihajtify kbps"
B" jtar$iaw usars Xrbijaa Xrbijars bjh ntmar
lnjlarjah parsnjjao rakbrhijk assajtibo ln`pnjajts
bjh lurrajt
prnlassas"
" ;rita ra1uiraàjts hnluàjt"
4" Hafija stbjhbrhs fnr stbjhbrhs pnoilias bjh prnlahuras"
L" Va$iaw hrbft ra1uiraàjts hnluàjt witm usars Xrbijaa
Xrbijars bjh ntmar lnjlarjah parsnjjao"
" Aphbta bjh a0pbjh prnjalt pobj"
- (24) -
$+$$L+$3 3 
Ejoija ifrbry @bjbkaàjt \ysta`s haslrifah bfn$a lbj oabh tn
arrnr fraa salura raoibfoa bjh fbst `bjbkaàjt systa` fnr
oifrbry "
t lbj bssist tma stbff tn lnjlajtrbta nj tmair raobtah(fnr oifrbry)

blti$itias rbtmar tn lnjlajtrbta nj tma ralnrhs bjh rapnrts nf
issuijk fnn2s rakistrbtinj bjh suppoiars" Xmis wioo
maop nrkbjiIbtinj ij fattar utioiIbtinj nf mu`bj rasnurlas"
j tmis pmbsa tma usar ihajtifias tma jaah fnr b jaw nr i`prn$ah
systa`" j obrka nrkbjiIbtinjs tmis ihajtifilbtinj `by fa pbrt nf b
systa`s pobjjijk prnlass"
- (69) -
YR$@$R $\+$7+$3
Bajat tn 3rkbjiSbtinj
Xma nrkbjiIbtinj wioo nf$inusoy fa bfoa tn kbij fajafits sulm

bs sb$ijks ij nparbtijk lnst rahultinj ij pbparwnr2
fattar utioiIbtinj nf mu`bj rasnurlas bjh `nra
prasajtbfoa i`bka ijlrabsijk knnhwioo" Xma ntmar fajafits
bra i`prn$ah sar$ila
bjh fbstar bjh fattar bllass tn up<tn<hbta ijfnr`btinj"
+*a $jitibl Lnst
Xma ijitibo lnst nf sattijk up tma systa` wioo ijlouha tma lnst nf
mbrhwbra (sar$arKloiajts jatwnr2 bhbptar bjh
raobtah
mbrhwbra) snftwbra (sar$ar E\ bhh<nj snftwbra utioitias) M
obfnr (satup M `bijtajbjla)" Xma sbà mbs tn fabr fy
tma nrkbjiIbtinj"
Rujjijk Lnst
Fasihas tma ijitibo lnst tma onjk tar` lnst wioo ijlouha
tma rujjijk lnst fnr tma systa` ijlouhijk tma #@C fnn2
lmbrkas lnst fnr mu`bj rasnurlas lnst fnr uphbtaKrajawbo nf
$brinus raobtah snftwbra"
aa% fnr +rbijijk
- (62) -
Xma usars bonjk witm tma bhìjistrbtnr jaah tn fa trbijah bt

tma tià nf i`poaàjtbtinj nf tma systa` fnr s`nntm rujjijk
nf tma systa`" Xma loiajt wioo prn$iha tma trbijijk sita"
aaj%ijk unj t*is %ajitinj. wa bjboyIah tma prasajt

ifrbry @bjbkaàjt \ysta` hurijk tma bjboysis prnlassD wa
mbh tn kn tmrnukm tma ajtira `bjubo systa` tmbt wbs faijk
fnoonwah ij tma ErkbjiIbtinj fnr pbst faw yabrs"
;a tbo2ah tn tma `bjbkaàjt panpoa wmn wara `bjbkijk

b tma fijbjlibo issuas nf tma lajtar stbff wmn wara
2aapijk tma ralnrhs ij onts nf rakistars bjh tma rapnrtijk
`bjbkar rakbrhijk tmair a0istijk systa` tmair ra1uiraàjts
bjh tmair a0paltbtinjs frn` tma jaw prnpnsah systa`" Xmaj
wa hih tma systa` stuhy nf tma ajtira systa` fbsah nj
tmair ra1uiraàjts bjh tma
bhhitinjbo fabturas tmay wbjtah tn ijlnrpnrbta ij tmis systa`"
Xma `bjubo systa` wbs $ary ln`poa0 tn fa `bjbkah bjh

sabrlmijk nr uphbtijk tma ijfnr`btinj wbs bosn $ary hiffiluot"
Xmara wbs b oajktmy prnlahura fnr ajtarijk tma hatbios nf

fnn2s à`fars $isitnrs bjh tmaj `b2ijk tmair tiìjks bjh
Fioos"
- (66) -
Xma ntmar prnfoa` witm tma `bjubo systa` wbs nf

rapnrt kajarbtinj" Xma rapnrts tn fa kajarbtah nj b
hbioyKwaa2oyK`njtmoy fbsis ra1uirah ont nf pbpar wnr2
bjh lboluobtinjs atl" Xmus Vapnrtijk @bjbkar mbh tn

`bjubooy
lboluobta boo tma lnjsuotbtinj faas nf a$ary pobyar bt tma ajh nf
a$ary hbyKwaa2K`njtm" E$aj b s`boo lboluobtinj ìstb2a wbs
oabhijk tn rabjboysis bjh ralrabtinj nf wmnoa wnr2"
- (6<) -
\$B$$+ \+0
#t tmis stbka tma bjboyst asti`btas tma urkajly nf tma prnjalt bjh
asti`btas tma ha$aonpàjt lnst"
j fabsifioity bjboysis wa mb$a tn stuhy tma fnoonwijk3
2) +a*jibl absi&ility!
Xalmjilbo fabsifioity is lnjlarjah witm tma b$biobfioity nf

mbrhwbra bjh snftwbra ra1uirah fnr tma ha$aonpàjt nf tma
systa` tn saa ln`pbtifioity bjh `bturity nf tma talmjnonky
prnpnsah tn fa usah bjh tn saa tma b$biobfioity nf
tma
ra1uirah talmjilbo `bjpnwar tn ha$aonp tma systa`"
#ftar tma stuhy wa lbà tn lnjlousinj tmbt wa

prnlaah furtmar witm tma tnnos bjh ha$aonpàjt
aj$irnjàjt lmnsaj fy us" Xmis wbs i`pnrtbjt ij nur lbsa bs
wa wara wnr2ijk nj twn $brinus pmbsas nf tma hapbrtàjt
tmbt wioo jaah tn fa ijtakrbtah ij futura tn `b2a bj
a0tajhah systa`"
6) 3arbtinjbl absi&ility!
Eparbtinjbo fabsifioity is boo bfnut prnfoa`s tmbt `by

brisa hurijk nparbtinjs" Xmara bra twn bspalts raobtah
witm tmis issua3
- (68) -
;mbt is tma prnfbfioity tmbt tma snoutinj ha$aonpah

`by jnt fa put tn usa nr `by jnt wnr2G
• ;mbt is tma ijloijbtinj nf tma `bjbkaàjt bjh ajh

usars tnwbrhs tma snoutinjG Xmnukm tmara is $ary oabst
pnssifioity nf `bjbkaàjt faijk b$arsa tn tma snoutinj
tmara is b sikjifilbjt prnfbfioity tmbt tma ajh usars
`by jnt fa ijtarastah ij usijk tma snoutinj hua tn
obl2 nf
trbijijk ijsikmt atl"
<) njnì absi&ility!
t is tma àbsura nf lnst affalti$ajass nf tma prnjalt" Xma

alnjnìl fabsifioity is jntmijk fut juhkijk wmatmar
tma pnssifoa fajafit nf sno$ijk tma prnfoa`s is wnrtmwmioa nf
jnt" #t tma fabsifioity stuhy oa$ao it is i`pnssifoa tn asti`bta
tma
lnst falbusa à`farOs ra1uiraàjts bjh
botarjbti$a snoutinjs mb$a jnt faaj ihajtifiah bt tmis
stbka" 6nwa$ar wmaj tma spalifil ra1uiraàjts bjh
snoutinjs mb$a faaj ihajtifiah tma bjboyst waikms tma

lnst bjh fajafits nf boo
snoutinjs tmis is lbooah lnst fajafit bjboysis"
- (61) -
YR3:L+ Y$7
\nftwbra prnjalt pobj lbj fa $iawah bs tma fnoonwijk3
1) >it*ij t*a nrkbjisbtinj! 6nw tma prnjalt is tn

fa i`poaàjtahG ;mbt bra $brinus lnjstrbijts (tià
lnst stbff)G ;mbt is `br2at strbtakyG
) >it* rasat tn t*a ustnàr! ;aa2oy nr tiàoy àatijks

witm tma lustnàr witm prasajtbtinj nj stbtus rapnrts"
Custnàrs faahfbl2 is bosn tb2aj bjh furtmar `nhifilbtinj
bjh ha$aonpàjts bra hnja" =rnjalt ìoastnjas
bjh haoi$arbfoas bra bosn prasajtah tn tma lustnàr"
&nr b sullassfuo snftwbra prnjalt tma fnoonwijk staps lbj

fa fnoonwah3
\aoalt b prnjalt
n hajtifyijk prnjaltOs bi`s bjh nfjalti$as
n Ajharstbjhijk ra1uiraàjts bjh spalifilbtinj
n @atmnhs nf bjboysis hasikj bjh i`poaàjtbtinj
n Xastijk talmji1uas
n Hnluàjtbtinj
- (65) -
=rnjalt ìoastnjas bjh haoi$arbfoas
Fuhkat boonlbtinj
n E0laahijk oiìts witmij lnjtrno
• =rnjalt Esti`btas
n Cnst
n Xià
n \iIa nf lnha
n Hurbtinj
• Vasnurla #oonlbtinj
n 6brhwbra
n \nftwbra
n =ra$inus raoa$bjt prnjalt ijfnr`btinj
n Hikitbo ifrbry
• Vis2 @bjbkaàjt
n Vis2 b$nihbjla
n Vis2 hataltinj
- (6;) -
YR3:L+ \L/0$7
#j aoaàjtbry Gbjtt lmbrt nr Xiàoija lmbrt fnr tma ha$aonpàjt

pobj is ki$aj faonw" Xma pobj a0pobijs tma tbs2s $arsus tma tià
(ij waa2s) tmay wioo tb2a tn ln`poata "
+bjubry &afrubry @brlm
Va1uiraàjt
Gbtmarijk #jboysis Hasikj Cnhijk
Xastijk
`poaàjt
;;;;;;;;;; ; ;
1B1B1 B
;İ”s bra waa2s nf tma `njtms fnr i J1  B 
- (6=) -
\3+>R RI0$R@ +
\YL$$L+$3
Xma \nftwbra Va1uiraàjts \palifilbtinj is prnhulah bt tma

luoìjbtinj nf tma bjboysis tbs2" Xma fujltinj bjh parfnr`bjla
boonlbtah tn snftwbra bs pbrt nf systa` ajkijaarijk bra rafijah
fy astbfoismijk b ln`poata ijfnr`btinj haslriptinj b
hatbioah
fujltinjbo bjh famb$ nrbo haslriptinj bj ijhilbtinj nf
parfnr`bjla ra1uiraàjts bjh hasikj lnjstrbijts bpprnpribta
$boihbtinj lritarib bjh ntmar hbtb partijajt tn ra1uiraàjts"
2B $jtrn%utinj
1"1" Yurnsa N Xma `bij purpnsa tn `b2a tmis snftwbra is

tn n$ar lnà nf prnfoa`s nf hbtb fbsa mbjhoijk
`bijtbij rakistars nf à`fars fnn2s bjh ijfnr`btinj
bfnut wnr2ar wmilm bra wnr2s bt ifrbry atl"
1"" $jtaj%a% u%iaja F Xmis \V\ is àbjt fnr fbsilbooy
`y fijbo saàstar prnjalt rapnrt nf @C#" Fasihas it is
nf$inusoy tbrkatah fnr tma `bjbkars nf àjtinjah lajtar tma
loiajt tn
kat bjh n$arboo haslriptinj bjh bh$bjtbka nf tma
prnpnsah systa` n$ar tma a0istijk `bjubo systa`"
1"B" Yrn%ut isinj bj% \na F Xma prnpnsah systa` is faijk

ha$aonpah 2aapijk ij ìjh tma ra1uiraàjtsKjaah nf tma loiajt
tn butn`bta its a0istijk systa` fnr ralnrh 2aapijk
rapnrt
- (64) -
kajarbtinj bjh `bjbkaàjt oa$ao ijfnr`btinj

systa`" Yaapijk ij ìjh tma jaahs tma systa` mbs faaj
ha$aonpah bs par kuihaoijas obih fy tma loiajtOs lajtar" Xma
systa` is lbpbfoa
ajnukm tn mbjhoa oifrbry ralnrhs fnn2Os ralnrhs
à`farOs ralnrhs $isitnrs ralnrhs rapnrt kajarbtinj bjh
stnrijk ntmar raobtah ijfnr`btinj"
6B 3arbll asritinj
6B2 Yrn%ut Yarsatias!
Xma prnpnsah systa` fboos ujhar VHF@\ (Vaobtinjbo Hbtb

Fbsa @bjbkaàjt \ysta`) lbtaknry"  mb$a bhnptah =6= bs frnjt
ajh fnr tma snftwbra bjh @:\R bs fbl2 ajh"
=6= is bt prasajt nja nf tma `nst pnpuobr ha$aonpàjt

pobtfnr` fnr waf fbsah systa` tmbt is affiliajt fnr
waf prnkrb`ìjk"
@:\R is bt prasajt tma `nst raoibfoa bjh salura VHF@\ tnno"

@:\R \ar$ar wnr2s tn affiliajtoy `bjbka its rasnurla
b hbtbfbsa nf ijfnr`btinj b`njk tma ùotipoa loiajts
ra1uastijk bjh sajhijk hbtb ij tma jatwnr2" @:\R mbs
`bjy i`pnrtbjt fabturas tmbt `b2a t jnt nj y bj
a0lapt njbo hbtbfbsa
`bjbkaàjt systa` fut bosn bj a0laooajt hbtbfbsa sar$ar lmnila
fnr loiajtKsar$ar hbtbfbsa ln`putijk"
- (<9) -
\n tma n$arboo systa` wioo prn$a tn raoibfoa salura bjh affiliajt

fnr tma nrkbjiIbtinj"
6B6 Yrn%ut ujtinjs
ujtinjblitias!
""1 #jy parsnj lbj 1uary fnr fnn2s b$biobfioity bllnrhijk tn

spalifiah lnjhitinjs"
""B# =arsnj lbj fnn2Klbjlao tma fnn2 njoy bftar ma onks ij"
"""" # usar lbj sikj up fnr b prnfioa if ma hnasjOt mb$a nja

borabhy"
""4Ej onkkijk ij tma usar mbs nptinjs tn
1" Fnn2 issuah "
" Ehit =rnfioa ijfnr`btinj
B" Cbjlaoobtinj nf mis fnn2ah issuah"
" >iaw boo lurrajt fnn2s fnn2ah fy mi`"
4" nknut
""L# parsnj lbj kat boo ijfnr`btinj rakbrhijk b oifrbry if ma 2ays

ij it"
- (<2) -
# parsnj lbj kat boo ijfnr`btinj bfnut b fnn2s if ma 2ays ij

tma fnn2 ih"
# parsnj lbj kat tma b$biobfioity nf boo fnn2s fnr tma ja0t 9
hbys"
Effil bo à`fars bra suppnsa tn hn tmbt wnr2 wm

lm histrifutah fy tma bhìjistrbtnr
#h` j strbtnr nr bss kjah nffil bo à`fars

lbj bhhK`nhifyKhaoata oifrbry ijfnr`btinj"

lbj bhhK`nhifyKhaoata sabt typa bllnrhijk tmair b$biobfioity
bjh kajarbta rapnrt"

lbj bhhK`nhifyKhaoata oifrbry ijfnr`btinj"
#hìjistrbtnr nr bssikjah nffilibo à`fars lbj hafija bjh

`bjbka lmbrkas ijfnr`btinj"
#hìjistrbtnr nr bssikjah nffilibo à`fars lbj

hafija slmaà bjh `nhify tià tn tià bjh kajarbta
rapnrt"
#hìjistrbtnr lbj bhhK`nhifyKhaoata nffilibo à`far

- (<6) -
#hìjistrbtnr lbj bhhK`nhifyKhaoata usar ijfnr`btinj

6B<B 3arbtijk jirnjàjt Xma prnpnsah snftwbra is

tn ruj nj loiajtKsar$ar `nhao jatwnr2"
# loiajtKsar$ar lbj haoi$ar tma fattar parfnr`bjla tmbj tma

fioa sar$ar systa` falbusa b loiajt bppoilbtinj bjh hbtbfbsa
sar$ar wnr2 tnkatmar tn spoit prnlassijk onbh nf bppoilbtinjs
(tmus tma tar` histrifutah prnlassijk)" Xma sar$ar `bjbkas
tma hbtbfbsa b`njk tma ju`far nf loiajts wmioa tma loiajt
sajh ra1uast bjh bjboyIa tma hbtb ajtry fnr` witm s`boo
spalifil hbtb sat sulm bs rnws ij b tbfoa jnt fioa bs ij tma fioa
sar$ar systa`" # hbtbfbsa sar$ar is ijtaooikajt ajnukm sn
tmbt it onl2 bjh raturj njoy tma rnws b loiajt ra1uast wmilm
ajsura lnjlurrajly ìjiìIa tma jatwnr2 trbffil
bjh ijlrabsa tma systa` parfnr`bjla"
"" ssu`tinjs bj%  aaj%ajias F ;mioa lnst

asti`btinj nf tma prnpnsah systa` it mbs faaj bssuàh tmbt
tma lnst mbrhwbra bjh fnr oilajsa nf Eparbtijk \ysta` bjh
fbl2 ajh wioo fa àt fy loiajt (tma nrkbjiIbtinj)" 6ajla njoy
tma lnst ijlu rah fnr tma prnpnsah snftwbra is
ijlouhah tmaraij"
- (<<) -
Xma fnoonwijks bra ihajtifiah bs snà nf tma pntajtibo ris2

fbltnrs nr hapajhajlias3
(1) nj<b$biobfioity nf ra1uirah
rasnurlas" () =nwar luts"
(B) \oippbka nf slmahuoa hua tn ujprahiltbfoa

mnoihbys atl"
6B1 ifa Lyla @n%al F  b` usijk \HC `nhao tmbt fakij bt

systa` oa$ao bjh prnkrassas tmrnukm bjboysis hasikj
lnhijk tastijk i`poaàjtbtinj bjh `bijtajbjla"
<B Htarjbl $jtarfba Rauiraàjts
B"1 0sar $jtarfbas F t mbs faaj ra1uirah tmbt a$ary

fnrÒs ijtarfbla smnuoh fa usar friajhoy bjh si`poa tn usa"
Fasihas tmara smnuoh fa fblioity nf bllassijk tma
systa` tmrnukm
2ayfnbrh bonjk witm tma `nusa i"a" 2ayfnbrh smnrtluts"
B" \nftbra $jtarfbas F t mbs faaj ra1uirah tmbt tmara lnuoh
fa b jalassity nf usijk tma stnrah hbtb fnr snà 2ijh nf rapnrt
tmbt is jnt suppnrtah fy prnpnsah systa` bt prasajt" \n tma
prnpnsah systa` is ra1uirah tn a0pnrt its hbtb bs ta0t fioa sn
tmbt snà ntmar bppoilbtinj snftwbra lbj i`pnrt tma hbtb"
8B \ysta` utura Rauiraàjt N Etmar tmbj

haslriptinjs prn$ihah bfn$a tma fnoonwijk fabturas wara
ra1uirah fy tma
- (<8) -
loiajt3
(1) Xma systa` smnu h fa salurah ajnukm tn ra y

upnj"
() Asars smnuoh jnt fa boonwah tn haoataK`nhify bjy
ralnrhs"
(B) Asars smnu h jnt fa b onwah tn tb2a fijbjl

b rapnrts"
() E$ary usars rapnrt smnuoh 2aap tma trbl2s nf

usar ijputtijk tma ralnrh"
(4) \ysta` smnuoh prn$iha fblioity nf a0pnrtijk its

hbtb ij ta0t fnr`bt"
(L) \ysta` smnuoh fa bfoa tn ijtakrbta witm its =mbsa

 ha$aonpàjts"
4" 3t*ar njfujtinjbl Rauiraàjts
b" Yarfnr`bja Rauiraàjts F #s it is knijk tn fa usah

fy boo tma lnjlarjah a`ponyaas witmij tma nrkbjiIbtinj
tma systa` smnuoh mb$a b knnh parfnr`bjla ij tar`s nf
spaah bjh bllurbly" Xma prnpnsah systa` smnuoh
fa bllurbta bjh fbst ajnukm tn mbjhoa muka hbtb" t
smnuoh prn$iha fbst ln`ùjilbtinj fatwaaj sar$ar bjh
loiajts"
- (<1) -
f" \bfaty Rauiraàjts F #s tma systa` is knijk tn mbjhoa

ralnrhs fnr b onjk ruj aoiìjbtijk tma `bjubo systa` it is
suppnsah tn ajsura tma ratbijijk nf hbtb b$nihijk nr
aoiìjbtijk bjy prnfbfoa lbusa fnr hbtb onss"
l" \aurity Rauiraàjts F Xma snftwbra smnuoh jnt boonw

ujbutmnriIah bllass tn bjy `nhuoa nf tma
systa`" Fasihas it smnuoh `bijtbij tma pri$ioakas krbjtah
tn usars bt $brinus usar oa$aos"
h" \nftbra Iublity ttri&utas F Xma prinritiIbtinj nf tma

snftwbra 1uboity bttrifutas bra bssuàh bs ujhar3
(1) #llurbta bjh majla
raoibfoa" () \alurah"
(B) &bst spaah"
() Cn`pbtif ty"
(4) =nrtbfioity"
- (<5) -
\ysta` asikj
j tmis pmbsa b onkilbo systa` is fuiot wmilm fuofios tma ki$aj

ra1uiraàjts" Hasikj pmbsa nf snftwbra ha$aonpàjt habos witm
trbjsfnrìjk tma lustnàrOs ra1uiraàjts ijtn b onkilbooy wnr2ijk
systa`" nr` booy hasikj is parfnràh ij tma fnoonwijk ij
tma
fnoonwijk twn staps3
1) Yri`bry asikj Y*bsa! j tmis pmbsa tma systa` is

hasikjah bt fonl2 oa$ao" Xma fonl2s bra lrabtah nj tma
fbsis nf bjboysis hnja ij tma prnfoa` ihajtifilbt nj
pmbsa" Hiffarajt fonl2s bra lrabtah fnr hiffarajt fujltinjs
a`pmbsis
is put nj ìjiìsijk tma ijfnr`btinj nw fatwaaj fonl2s"
Xmus boo blti$itias wmilm ra1uira `nra ijtarbltinj bra 2apt ij
nja fonl2"
) \anj%bry asikj Y*bsa ! j tma salnjhbry pmbsa tma

hatbioah hasikj nf a$ary fonl2 is parfnràh"
+*a kajarbl tbsAs ijnla% ij t*a %asikj rnass bra t*a

fnllnijk!
" Hasikj $brinus fonl2s fnr n$arboo systa` prnlassas"
" Hasikj s`booar ln`pblt bjh wnr2bfoa `nhuoas ij ablm

fonl2"
- (<;) -
" Hasikj $brinus hbtbfbsa strulturas"
>" \palify hatbios nf prnkrb`s tn blmia$a

hasirah fujltinjboity"
>" Hasikj tma fnr` nf ijputs bjh nutputs nf tma systa`"
>" =arfnr` hnluàjtbtinj nf tma hasikj"
>" \ysta` ra$iaws"
0sar $jtarfba asikj
Asar jtarfbla Hasikj is lnjlarjah witm tma hibonkua fatwaaj b
usar bjh tma ln`putar" t is lnjlarjah witm a$arytmijk
frn` stbrtijk tma systa` nr onkkijk ijtn tma systa` tn tma

a$ajtubooy
prasajtbtinj nf hasirah ijputs bjh nutputs" Xma n$arboo nw
nf slraajs bjh àssbkas is lbooah b hibonkua"
+*a fnllnijk stas bra brinus kui%alijas fnr 0sar
$jtarfba asikj!
1) Xma systa` usar smnuoh bowbys fa bwbra nf wmbt tn hn ja0t"
) Xma slraaj smnuoh fa fnr`bttah sn tmbt $brinus typas
nf ijfnr`btinj ijstrultinjs bjh àssbkas bowbys bppabr ij
tma sbà kajarbo hispoby brab"
- (<=) -
B) @assbka ijstrultinjs nr ijfnr`btinj smnuoh fa
hispobyah onjk ajnukm tn boonw tma systa` usar tn rabh

tma`"
) Asa hispoby bttrifutas spbrijkoy"
4) Hafbuot $bouas fnr fiaohs bjh bjswars tn fa ajtarah fy
tma usar smnuoh fa spalifiah"
L) # usar smnuoh jnt fa boonwah tn prnlaah witmnut
lnrraltijk bj arrnr"
) Xma systa` usar smnuoh ja$ar kat bj nparbtijk systa`
àssbka nr fbtbo arrnr"
- (<4) -
+\+$7
Xastijk is tma prnlass ij wmilm tma systa` is ruj nj

`bjubooy lrabtah ijput sn tmbt tma systa` is lnrraltoy wnr2ijk bs
hasirah nr jnt"
Hurijk systa`s tastijk tma systa` is usah a0pariàjtbooy

tn ajsura tmbt tma snftwbra hnas jnt fbio" j ntmar wnrhs wa lbj
sby tmbt it wioo ruj bllnrhijk tn its spalifilbtinjs bjh ij tma wby
usars
a0palt" \palibo tast hbtb bra ijput fnr prnlassijk bjh tma rasuots
a0bìjah"
# oiìtah ju`far nf usars `by fa boonwah tn usa tma systa` sn

tmbt bjboyst lbj saa wmatmar tmay try tn usa it ij
ujfnrasaaj wbys" t is hasirbfoa tn hisln$ar bjy
surprisas fafnra tma nrkbjiIbtinj i`poaàjts tma systa` bjh
hapajhs nj it"
Xastijk nf b systa` is kajarbooy hnja ij twn pmbsas N Eja is 0jit

+astijk wmilm is hnja fnr ablm `nhuoa ijhapajhajtoy nj
its ln`poatinj bjh tma ntmar nja is \ysta` +astijk wmilm is
hnja bt tma ajh nf b prnjalt"
- (89) -
$+$3 LR$+R$
Xma $boihbtinj lritarib ij tmis prnjalt bra bs fnoonws"""
j E<Cn`àrla =nrtbo \ysta` bosn tma usar ijputs bra

$boihbtah fafnra stnrijk tma` bjh tmaj furtmar fnr hispobyijk atl"
Xma `bij $boihbtinjs tmbt bra hnja ij E<Cn`àrla =nrtbo \ysta`
bra bs fnoonws N
#oo tma slraajs mb$a b siìobr onn2 bjh faao" Xmay boo mb$a tma
bo`nst sbà lnonr ln`fijbtinjs ij its fbl2krnujh" Xmis prn$ihas
b fattar usar ijtarfbla tn tma usars"
1) Xma pri`bry 2ay $bouas lbjjnt fa hupoilbtah"
) #oo tma ajtrias ij bjy ln`fn fn0 mb$a faaj snrtah

ij bopmbfatilbo nrhar" Xmis maops b usar wmioa saoaltijk b
$boua frn` tma ln`fn fn0"
$@Y3R+L 3 +\+$7
Hurijk systa`s tastijk tma systa` is usah a0pariàjtbooy

tn ajsura tmbt tma snftwbra hnas jnt fbio" j ntmar wnrhs wa lbj
sby tmbt it wioo ruj bllnrhijk tn its spalifilbtinjs bjh ij tma wby
usars
a0palt" \palibo tast hbtb bra ijput fnr prnlassijk bjh tma rasuots
a0bìjah"
Xma i`pnrtbjla nf systa` tastijk is tmbt tma systa` is

a0paltah tn ruj bllnrhijk tn à`farOs ra1uiraàjt
fafnra haoi$arijk it tn tma lustnàr"
- (82) -
Xma \ysta` is tastah nj tma fbsis nf spalifilbtinj sn tmbt it

hnas jnt fbio nj usar sita"
- (86) -
D`paàj btnj b h
Xast k
D`paàjtbtn
atbila% asikj nf $`laàjtbtinj < Xmisp masan

e as sa` avanpà t ia lyla a as ma
w ra snt ra s al l
in s,
astaf sma
prnkra`ìk pa s, trais sas a
`paàjts axta siv asi
rnlahuras, t aaoata askj a h
nparatij spalifilatinjs jh nr
prnvha tma asis nr rmar `nhfilatin
+a*jibl asikj < Xms aliity fuihs
pnj s aifilatnj pnhulah k

aw ssta` aikj, ah k
ataioah talm lao
spalfilatinjsa h hnluà atin .
+ast \aibtinjs bj% Ylbjjijk < Xms tviy

rp as a oah tast
spalifilatnjs nr vh `nh oas jh
prn r`s, n
sta`s, s syta`s, a enr tma ssta`
as a mno
Yrnkrb`ìjk bj% +astijk < Xms aliity jl` sas

altua
aaon à t, rit k ajh tas kne nkra` s
nr `nh as"
0sar +rbijijk < Xmisa tviya ln` asasw tik
sar rnlahura
à uaos, apaainj n sar ra k
àtariaos, lnj ltij
- (8<) -
a k prnra`s, tast k prnla uras.
atbja +ast - B a pnla a avaw n a`n

rat ssta` aj sl a sa ap
rnvao f nra sa` f lnà
n aratin a"
$jstbllbtinj Y*bsa - Dj tmis masa tma a
Ln` taria
ssta` s sa a , tma l varsnj n aw
rnla as is y
`paà a,
tma ntaji n tma aw sysa` is ax nra.
\ysta` $jstbllbtinj 3 ma rlassn estartiktaa

l aousan ea
systa` h rai k usar arsn ja ij is
npar in .
Raia Y*bsa < Xmisp asaa auatast as

lasasa jh ai rs
r ka sysa`s aan à t rnalt, aj n
às a ta rasuts n a aw Ln` ta
zah Xra ssta` ij ar`s ne aja s a sa
ks
rnatah t ma start ma rnja .
aalnàjt Rab < B ra aw ea rjati `à

iatay atar
ln` atnj n s lasas a ntajia n
a`s tra nrg.
Ynst-$`laàjtbtinj Raia B avi , nj laha
araj aw systa` mas faj i n artinj
nr nà tià, n ava ta alt
systa` arnrà la ka st
nrik ax altatnjs jh njaltin s

- (88) -
nr lnst-a a t ` nvaà s.
Bsn a t as ` taj la
rnalts n ajmajla nr ` rna ma
ssta`.
+/ \+Y\ $ +/ \3+>R +\+$7
+*a stas ijnla% %urijk 0jit tastijk bra bs fnllns!
b) =rapbrbtinj nf tma tast lbsas"

f) =rapbrbtinj nf tma pnssifoa tast hbtb witm boo tma
$boihbtinj lmal2s"
l) Cn`poata lnha ra$iaw nf tma `nhuoa"
h) #ltubo tastijk hnja `bjubooy"
a) @nhifilbtinjs hnja fnr tma arrnrs fnujh hurijk tastijk"
f) =rapbrah tma tast rasuot slripts"
+*a ujit tastijk %nja ijlu%a% t*a tastijk nf t*a fnllnijk

ita`s!
1) &ujltinjboity nf tma ajtira `nhuoaKfnr`s"

) >boihbtinjs fnr usar ijput"
B) Cmal2ijk nf tma Cnhijk stbjhbrhs tn fa `bijtbijah
hurijk lnhijk"
) Xastijk tma `nhuoa witm boo tma pnssifoa tast hbtb"
4) Xastijk nf tma fujltinjboity ij$no$ijk boo typa nf lboluobtinjs
atl"
L) Cn`àjtijk stbjhbrh ij tma snurla fioas"
#ftar ln`poatijk tma Ajit tastijk nf boo tma `nhuoas tma wmnoa
- (81) -
systa` is ijtakrbtah witm boo its hapajhajlias ij tmbt `nhuoa"

;mioa \ysta` jtakrbtinj ;a ijtakrbtah tma `nhuoas nja fy nja
bjh tastah tma systa` bt ablm stap" Xmis maopah ij rahultinj nf
arrnrs bt tma tià nf tma systa` tastijk"
+*a stas ijnla% %urijk \ysta` tastijk bra bs fnllns!
jtakrbtinj nf boo tma `nhuoasKfnr`s ij tma systa`"

=rapbrbtinj nf tma tast lbsas"
=rapbrbtinj nf tma pnssifoa tast hbtb witm boo tma $boihbtinj
lmal2s"
• #ltubo tastijk hnja `bjubooy"
Valnrhijk nf boo tma raprnhulah
arrnrs"
@nhifilbtinjs hnja fnr tma arrnrs fnujh hurijk tastijk"
• =rapbrah tma tast rasuot slripts bftar raltifilbtinj nf
tma arrnrs"
+*a \ysta` +astijk %nja ijlu%a% t*a tastijk nf t*a
fnllnijk ita`s!
1" &ujltinjboity nf tma ajtira systa` bs b wmnoa"

" Asar jtarfbla nf tma systa`"
B" Xastijk tma hapajhajt `nhuoas tnkatmar witm boo tma pnssifoa
- (85) -
tast hbtb slripts"

" >arifilbtinj bjh >boihbtinj tastijk"
4" Xastijk tma rapnrts witm boo its fujltinjboity"
#ftar tma ln`poatinj nf systa` tastijk tma ja0t fnoonwijk pmbsa

wbs tma #llaptbjla Xastijk" Coiajts bt tmair ajh hih tmis
bjh
bllaptah tma systa` witm bppralibtinj"
Xmus wa rablmah tma fijbo pmbsa nf tma prnjalt haoi$ary"

Xmara bra ntmar si0 tasts wmilm fboo ujhar spalibo lbtaknry"
Xmay bra haslrifah faonw3
iB YabA  nb% +ast! t hatarìjas wmatmar tma systa`

wioo mbjhoa tma $nouà nf blti$itias tmbt nllur wmaj tma
systa` is bt tma pab2 nf its prnlassijk ha`bjh" &nr
a0b`poa tast tma systa` fy blti$btijk boo tarìjbos bt tma
sbà tià"
iiB \tnrbka +astijk! t hatarìjas tma lbpblity nf tma systa`

tn stnra trbjsbltinj hbtb nj b his2 nr ij ntmar fioas"
iiiB Yarfnr`bja +ià +astijk! it hatarìjas tma oajktm

nf tià systa` usah fy tma systa` tn prnlass trbjsbltinj
hbtb"
Xmis tast is lnjhultah prinr tn i`poaàjtbtinj tn hatarìja
mnw onjk it tb2as tn kat b raspnjsa tn bj ij1uiry `b2a b
fbl2up lnpy nf b fioa nr sajh b trbjsìssinj bjh kat
b raspnjsa"
- (8;) -
iB Ranary +astijk! Xmis tastijk hatarìjas tma bfioity

nf usar tn raln$ar hbtb nr ra<stbrt systa` bftar fbioura"
&nr a0b`poa onbh fbl2up lnpy nf hbtb bjh rasuà
prnlassijk witmnut hbtb nr ijtakrity onss"
B Yrna%ura +astijk! t hatar` jas tma l br ty

nf hnluàjtbtinj nj nparbtinj bjh usas nf systa` fy
mb$ijk usars hn a0bltoy wmbt `bjubos ra1uast" &nr
a0b`poa pnwarijk hnwj systa` bt tma ajh nf waa2 nr
raspnjhijk tn
pbpar<nut oikmt nj prijtar"
iB /u`bj btnrs +astijk! t hatarìjas mnw usars wioo usa

tma systa` wmaj prnlassijk hbtb nr prapbrijk rapnrts"
- (8=) -
L3\+ \+$@+$3 3 +/ YR3:L+
\nftwbra lnst ln`prisas b s`boo parlajtbka nf n$arboo ln`putar<

fbsah systa` lnst" Xmara bra b ju`far nf fbltnrs wmilm
bra
lnjsiharah tmbt lbj bffalt tma uoti`bta lnst nf tma snftwbra sulm
bs < mu`bj talmjilbo 6brhwbra bjh \nftwbra b$biobfioity atl"
Xma `bij pnijt tmbt wbs lnjsiharah hurijk tma lnst asti`btinj nf
rnjat wbs its siIijk" j sp ita nf ln`poata snftwbra siIijk
fujltinj pnijt bjh bpprn0i`bta oijas nf lnha wara bosn usah tn
siIa ablm aoaàjt nf tma \nftwbra bjh tmair lnstijk"
Xma lnst asti`btinj hnja fy à fnr Yrnjat bosn hapajh upnj tma

fbsaoija àtrils lnooaltah frn` pbst prnjalts bjh tmasa wara
usah
ij lnjjujltinj witm asti`btinj $bribfoas tn ha$aonp lnst bjh affnrt
prnjaltinjs"
;a mb$a fbsilbooy asti`btah tmis prnjalt `bijoy nj twn fbsas <
2) ffnrt s ti`btinj - Xmis rafars tn tma tntbo

`bj<mnurs ra1uirah fnr tma ha$aonpàjt nf tma prnjalt" t a$aj
ijlouhas tma tià ra1uirah fnr hnijk hnluàjtbtinj bjh usar
`bjubo"
6) /br%bra Rauira% sti`btinj - Xmis ijlouhas tma lnst nf

tma =Cs bjh tma mbrhwbra lnst ra1uirah fnr ha$aonpàjt nf tmis
prnjalt"
- (84) -
7++ L/R+
Cbjubry Eafrubry @brlm
Vaquiraàjt Kbtmarijk
Bjboysis Hasikj Lnhijk
Xastijk D`poaàjt
;;;;;;;;;; ; ;
1B1B1 B
[İ”s bra aaks nf tma `njtms# fnr i $1# &# 3# (
- (19) -
0sar
\raaj
asijk
- (12) -
bj%
$jtarfba
- (16) -
- (1<) -
- (18) -
- (11) -
- (15) -
- (1;) -
- (1=) -
- (14) -
- (59) -
- (52) -
- (56) -
- (5<) -
- (58) -
- (51) -
- (55) -
- (5;) -
- (5=) -
- (54) -
- (;9) -
- (;2) -
- (;6) -
Ln%a nf t*a Yrnjat Lnuriar @bjbkaàjt
Gpmp
KQQ
Q Ufioa
Q Xma =6= pbka tmbt sar$as boo pbka ra1uasts nj b
Hrupbo ijstboobtinj"
Q
Q Xma rnutijas mara hispbtlm lnjtrno tn tma bpprnpribta mbjhoar
wmilm tmaj
Q prijts tma bpprnpribta pbka"
Q
Q #oo Hrupbo lnha is raoabsah ujhar tma GA Gajarbo =ufoil
ilajsa"
Q \aa CE=:VG6X"t0t bjh CE\E"t0t"
QK
KQQ
Q Vnnt hiraltnry nf Hrupbo ijstboobtinj"
QK
hafija(*HVA=#[VEEX* katlwh())D
- (;<) -
ra1uira[njla HVA=#[VEEX " *KijlouhasKfnntstrbp"ijl*D

hrupbo[fnntstrbp(HVA=#[FEEX\XV#=[&A)D
àju[a0aluta[blti$a[mbjhoar()
D Cnha nf Cnuriar fatlm3
Gpmp
KQQ
Q Ufioa
Q Xma `bij butnbssikjrnoa"`nhuoa fioa
Q
Q Hasikjbta b rnoa tn bssikj boo jaw usars tn ij bhhitinj
tn prn$ihijk b
Q àlmbjis` fnr jaw usars tn saoalt b rnoa nr rnoa fnr tmair
bllnujt"
QK
KK \bys tn usa aoaàjt nf typa rbhin fnr rnoa saoaltinj"

hafija(*#AXE#\\GVEE[EE@EX[V#HE[C6ECYFE8* 9)
KK \bys tn usa aoaàjt nf typa saoalt fnr rnoa saoaltinj"

hafija(*#AXE#\\GVEE[EE@EX[\EECX* 1)D
- (;8) -
KK \ats tma pbka hispoby fnr stbjhbrh" hafija(*#AXE#\\

GVEE[=#GE[H\=#:[\X#H#VH* 9)D
KK \ats tma pbka hispoby fnr ijhi$ihubo" hafija(*#AXE#\\

GVEE[=#GE[H\=#:[H>HA#* 1)
KQQ
Q `poaàjts mnn2[parìssinj()"
QK
fujltinj butnbssikjrnoa[parìssinj() ]
raturj brrby(
*bhìjistar butnbssikjrnoa* JT brrby(
*titoa* JT t(*#hìjistar butn bssikj rnoa*)
*haslriptinj* JT t(*=arfnr` bhìjistrbtinj tbs2s fnr
butn bssikj rnoa"*)
)
)D
S
KQQ
Q `poaàjts mnn2[àju()"
QK
fujltinj butnbssikjrnoa[àju() ]
Wita`s J brrby()D
Wita`s_*bhìjKlnjfikKpanpoaKbutnbssikjrnoa*P J brrby(
- (;1) -
*titoa* JT *#utn bssikj rnoa*

*haslriptinj* JT *Cnjfikura butn rnoa bssikjàjt"*
*bllass brkuàjts* JT brrby(*bhìjistar butnbssikjrnoa*)
*pbka lboofbl2* JT *butnbssikjrnoa[bhìj[fonl2[pbka*
*fioa* JT *butnbssikjrnoa"bhìj"ijl*
)D
Wita`s_*bhìjKlnjfikKpanpoaKbutnbssikjrnoaKbutn*P J brrby(
*titoa* JT *#utn`btil*
*haslriptinj* JT *Cnjfikura wmilm rnoa(s) bra
butn`btilbooy bssikjah nj usar lrabtinj"*
*pbka lboofbl2* JT *hrupbo[kat[fnr`*
*pbka brkuàjts* JT brrby(*butnbssikjrnoa[butn[sattijks*)
)D
Wita`s_*bhìjKlnjfikKpanpoaKbutnbssikjrnoaKusar*P J brrby(
*titoa* JT *Asar lmnila*
*haslriptinj* JT *Cnjfikura tma bfioity fnr bj ajh usar tn lmnnsa
tmair nwj rnoas hurijk rakistrbtinj"*
*pbka brkuàjts* JT brrby(*butnbssikjrnoa[usar[sattijks*)
)D
Wita`s_*bhìjKlnjfikKpanpoaKbutnbssikjrnoaKpbkas*P J brrby(
- (;5) -
*titoa* JT *=ar Vnoa =bkas*

*haslriptinj* JT *Cnjfikura ijhi$ihubo pbkas tn boonw usar
tn sikj up fnr b pbrtiluobr rnoa*
*pbka lboofbl2* JT *butnbssikjrnoa[oist[pbkas*
)D
Wita`s_*bhìjKlnjfikKpanpoaKbutnbssikjrnoaKpbkasKbhh*P J brrby(
*titoa* JT *#hh #utn #ssikj Vnoa =bka*
*pbka brkuàjts* JT brrby(*butnbssikjrnoa[pbka[fnr`* *bhh*)
*typa* JT @EA[EC#[#CXE
)D
Wita`s_*bhìjKlnjfikKpanpoaKbutnbssikjrnoaKpbkasKahitKZ*P J
brrby(
*titoa* JT *Ehit #utn #ssikj Vnoa =bka*
*pbka brkuàjts* JT brrby(*butnbssikjrnoa[pbka[fnr`* *ahit*
L)
)D
Wita`s_*bhìjKlnjfikKpanpoaKbutnbssikjrnoaKpbkasKhaoataKZ*P J
- (;;) -
brrby(
*titoa* JT *Haoata #utn #ssikj Vnoa =bka*
*pbka brkuàjts* JT
brrby(*butnbssikjrnoa[pbka[haoata[lnjfir`* L)
)D
Wpbkas J butnbssikjrnoa[kat[pbkas()D
fnrablm (Wpbkas bs Wpbka) ]
Wrihs J
ujsariboiIa(Wpbka<Trihs)D switlm
(Wpbka<Thispoby) ]
lbsa #AXE#\\GVEE[=#GE[H\=#:[\X#H#VH3
Wita`s_Wpbka<TpbtmP J brrby(
*titoa* JT lmal2[pobij(Wpbka<Ttitoa)
*pbka brkuàjts* JT brrby(Wrihs)
*pbka lboofbl2* JT *butnbssikjrnoa[rakistar*
*bllass lboofbl2* JT *usar[rakistar[bllass*
*fioa* JT *butnbssikjrnoa"pbtms"ijl*
*typa* JT @EA[EV@#[XE@
*àju[jbà* JT Wpbka<Tàju
)D
Wita`s_Wpbka<Tpbtm " *Krakistar*P J brrby(
*titoa* JT *Vakistar*
- (;=) -

*typa* JT @EA[HE&#AX[EC#[X#\Y
)D
Wita`s_Wpbka<Tpbtm " *Konkij*P J brrby(
*titoa* JT *nk j*
*pbka lboofbl2* JT *butnbssikjrnoa[onkij*
*bllass lboofbl2* JT *usar[is[bjnjy`nus*
*typa* JT @EA[EC#[X#\Y
)D
Wita`s_Wpbka<Tpbtm " *Kpbsswnrh*P J brrby(
*titoa* JT *Va1uast aw =bsswnrh*
*pbka lboofbl2* JT *butnbssikjrnoa[pbsswnrh*
*typa* JT @EA[EC#[X#\Y
)D
frab2D
lbsa #AXE#\\GVEE[=#GE[H\=#:[H>HA#3
Wita`s_Wpbka<TpbtmP J brrby(
*titoa* JT lmal2[pobij(Wpbka<Ttitoa)
- (;4) -

*typa* JT @EA[C#F#CY
)D
Wita`s_Wpbka<Tpbtm " *Krakistar*P J brrby(
*titoa* JT *Vakistar*
)D
Wita`s_Wpbka<Tpbtm " *Konkij*P J brrby(
*titoa* JT *nk j*
*pbka lboofbl2* JT *butnbssikjrnoa[onkij*
)D
Wita`s_Wpbka<Tpbtm " *Kpbsswnrh*P J brrby(
*titoa* JT *Va1uast aw =bsswnrh*
*pbka lboofbl2* JT *butnbssikjrnoa[pbsswnrh*
- (=9) -
)D
frab2D
S
S
raturj
Wita`sD S
KQQ
Q &ijhs bjy rnoa ihs bttblmah tn lurrajt pbka if bjy"
QK
fujltinj butnbssikjrnoa[kat[blti$a[pbtm[rih() ]
Wita` J àju[kat[ita`()D
if (Wita`_*pbka[lboofbl2*P JJ *butnbssikjrnoa[rakistar*) ]
raturj Wita`_*pbka[brkuàjts*P_9PD
S
raturj &#\
ED S
KQQ
Q `poaàjts mnn2[usar[prasb$a()"
QK
fujltinj butnbss kjrnoa[usar[prasb$a(MWahit Wbllnujt
- (=2) -
Wlbtaknry) ]
KK Asa lbsa mttp3KKhrupbo"nrkKjnhaK91L
KK @b2a sura wa njoy bssikj rnoas butn`btilbooy wmaj ajbfoah tn
hn sn"
if ($bribfoa[kat(*butnbssikjrnoa[butn[blti$a* 9) ^^
$bribfoa[kat(butnbssikjrnoa[usar[blti$a 9)
^^ ($bribfoa[kat(*butnbssikjrnoa[bhìj[blti$a* 9)
MM usar[bllass(*bhìjistar usars*))
^^ butnbssikjrnoa[kat[blti$a[pbtm[rih()) ]
KK Asa lbsa mttp3KKhrupbo"nrkKjnhaK9/L KK
Ejoy bssikj rnoas if tmis is b jaw bllnujt"
if (issat(Wbllnujt<Tis[jaw) MM ia`pty(Wbllnujt<Tis[jaw)) ]
KK Gat tma a0istijk usar rnoas witm tma a0laptinj nf
tma bjnjy`nus rnoa"
Wusar[rnoas J
usar[rnoas(XVAE)D
Wrnoas[tn[bhh J brrby()D
KK #hh ij butn`btil rnoas"

if (($bribfoa[kat(*butnbssikjrnoa[butn[blti$a* 9) MM
i usar[bllass(*bhìjistar usars*))
^^ ($bribfoa[kat(*butnbssikjrnoa[bhìj[blti$a* 9) MM
usar[bllass(*bhìjistar usars*))) ]
Wrnoas[tn[bhh J brrby[ijtarsalt[2ay(Wusar[rnoas
brrby[fiotar($bribfoa[kat(*butnbssikjrnoa[butn[rnoas* brrby())))D
S
- (=6) -
KK #hh ij usar saoaltah rnoas if bjy"

if ($bribfoa[kat(butnbssikjrnoa[usar[blti$a 9) MM i
a`pty(Wahit_*usar[rnoas*P)) ]
KK >boua is b sijkoa lnj$art tn
brrby" if
(iis[brrby(Wahit_*usar[rnoas*P)) ]
Wahit_*usar[rnoas*P J brrby(Wahit_*usar[rnoas*P
JT Wahit_*usar[rnoas*P)D
S
Wrnoas[tn[bhh J brrby[ijtarsalt[2ay(Wusar[rnoas
brrby[fiotar(Wahit_*usar[rnoas*P))D
S
KK #hh pbka<spalifil rnoas"

Wpbka[rihs J butnbssikjrnoa[kat[blti$a[pbtm[rih()D
if (Wpbka[rihs) ]
Wrnoas[tn[bhh J brrby[ijtarsalt[2ay(Wusar[rnoas
brrby[fiotar(Wpbka[rihs))
DS
KK @b2a sura tma rnoas 2ay

a0ists" if (iissat(Wahit_*rnoas*P)) ]
Wahit_*rnoas*P J
brrby()D S
- (=<) -
KK #hh ij tma jaw rnoas tn n$arriha tma lurrajt rnoas"

Wahit_*rnoas*P J Wrnoas[tn[bhh  Wahit_*rnoas*PD
S
S
S
KQQ
Q `poaàjts mnn2 fnr` &EV@ H botar() fnr
usar[rakistar[fnr`()"
QK
fujltinj
butnbssikjrnoa[fnr`[usar[rakistar[fnr`[botar(MWfnr`
MWfnr`[stbta) ]
if ($bribfoa[kat(butnbssikjrnoa[usar[blti$a 9) MM i
usar[bllass(*bhìjistar usars*)
MM ibutnbssikjrnoa[kat[blti$a[pbtm[rih()) ]
KK Gat b oist nf $boih rnoas tmbt lbj fa saoaltah"

Wrnoas J
brrby[ijtarsalt[2ay(usar[rnoas(XVAE)
brrby[fiotar($bribfoa[kat(*butnbssikjrnoa[usar[rnoas* brrby())))D
if (Wrnoas) ]
Wfnr`_*butnbssikjrnoa[usar*P J brrby(
*typa* JT *fiaohsat*
*titoa* JT
fiotar[0ss($bribfoa[kat(*butnbssikjrnoa[usar[fiaohsat[titoa* t(*Asar
- (=8) -
Vnoas*)))
*lnoobpsifoa* JT &#\E
*lnoobpsah* JT &#\E
)D
KK \nrt tma rnoas"

if ($bribfoa[kat(*butnbssikjrnoa[usar[snrt* *\EVX[#\C*) JJ
*\EVX[#\C*) ]
bsnrt(Wrnoas)
DS
aosaif ($bribfoa[kat(*butnbssikjrnoa[usar[snrt* *\EVX[HE\C*)
JJ *\EVX[HE\C*) ]
brsnrt(Wrnoas)
DS
aosa ]
hrupbo[snrt[waikmt(Wrnoas Wrnoas)D
S
Wùotipoa J $bribfoa[kat(*butnbssikjrnoa[usar[ùotipoa* 9)D

Wusar sa alt nj J
$bribfoa[kat(*butnbssikjrnoa[usar[saoaltinj*
#AXE#\\GVEE[EE@EX[V#HE[C6ECYFE8)D
Wtypa J *saoalt*D
f (Wusar sa alt nj JJ
- (=1) -
#AXE#\\GVEE[EE@EX[V#HE[C6ECYFE8) ]
Wtypa J Wusar saoaltinj JJ
#AXE#\\GVEE[EE@EX[V#HE[C6ECYFE8 MM iWùotipoa G
*rbhins* 3 *lmal2fn0as*D
S
KK f jnt ùotipoa  jnt ra1uirah  saoalt fn0 jaah b jnja

saoaltinj"
if (iWùotipoa MM i$bribfoa[kat(*butnbssikjrnoa[usar[ra1uirah*
9) MM Wtypa JJ *saoalt*) ]
Wrnoas J brrby(9 JT t(*nja*))  WrnoasD
S
KK #hh ij tma aoaàjt"

Wfnr`_*butnbssikjrnoa[usar*P_*usar[rnoas*P J brrby(
*typa* JT Wtypa
*titoa* JT fiotar[0ss($bribfoa[kat(*butnbssikjrnoa[usar[titoa*
t(*Vnoa*)))
*nptinjs* JT Wrnoas
*haslr pt nj* JT
fiotar[0ss($bribfoa[kat(*butnbssikjrnoa[usar[haslriptinj* t(*\
aoalt b rnoa*)))
*ra1uirah* JT $bribfoa[kat(*butnbssikjrnoa[usar[ra1uirah*
9)
*ùotipoa* JT Wùotipoa
- (=5) -
)D
S
S
S
KQQ
Q &ujltinj tn ratria$a boo rnoa<spalifil pbkas"
Q
Q Uraturj \aoaltRuary
Q #j brrby nf pbka nfjalts"
QK
fujltinj butnbssikjrnoa[kat[pbkas() ]
W1uary J
[butnbsikjrnoa[kat[pbka[1uary()D raturj
W1uary<Ta0aluta()D
S
KQQ
Q &ujltinj tn kat rnoa<spalifil pbka hatbios"
Q
Q Upbrb` ijt Wih
Q Xma ih nf tma pbka tn fa uphbtah"
Q
Q Uraturj \aoaltRuary
Q # 1uary nfjalt witm boo pbka hatbios"
QK
- (=;) -
fujltinj butnbssikjrnoa[kat[pbka(Wih) ]
W1uary J
[butnbsikjrnoa[kat[pbka[1uary()D
W1uary<Tlnjhitinj(*rih[pbka[ih* Wih *J*)D
raturj W1uary<Ta0aluta()<TfatlmEfjalt()D
S
KQQ
Q 6aopar àtmnh fnr kattijk tma pbka 1uary nfjalt"
Q
Q Uraturj \
aoaltRuary Q Xma
1uary nfjalt"
QK
fujltinj [butnbsikjrnoa[kat[pbka[1uary() ]
raturj hf[saoalt(*butnbssikjrnoa[pbka* *p*)
<Tfiaohs(*p* brrby(
*rihs*
*pbtm*
*titoa*
*àju*
*hispoby*
))D
S
Cnha nf Vnoa #ssikjàjt3

Gpmp
- (==) -
KQQ
Q Ufioa
Q =btms usah fnr butnbssikjrnoa lrabtah usar pbkas"
Q
Q #utnbssikjrnoa boonws bj bhìj tn lrabta spalifil rakistar onkij
bjh rasat
Q pbsswnrh pbkas fnr b pbrtiluobr sat nf rnoas" Xma àju lboofbl2
brkuàjts
Q fnr tmasa pbkas bra hafijah mara"
Q
Q Xmasa fujltinjs si`poy lboo tma stbjhbrh usar fnr`s frn` Hrupbo
lnra tma
Q rabsnj wa wrbp tma` oi2a tmis is sn tmbt wa lbj hatalt wmaj
nja nf nur
Q rnoa<spalifil pbkas bra faijk lbooah rbtmar tmbj tma
hafbuot njas"
QK
KK;a ra1uira tmis fioa frn` tma usar `nhuoa tn kat tma usar[pbss
fnr`"
ra1uira[njla hrupbo[kat[pbtm(*`nhuoa* *usar*) " *Kusar"pbkas"ijl*D
KQQ
Q nbhs tma usar rakistrbtinj fnr`"
- (=4) -
Q
Q Wrih is jnt bltubooy usah ij tma fujltinj fut fy pbssijk it wa lbj
fijh nut
Q wmilm rnoas bra àbjt tn fa bhhah tn tma jaw usar fy usijk
Q butnbssikjrnoa[kat[blti$a[pbtm[rih()D
Q
Q Usaa butnbssikjrnoa"`nhuoa
Q
Q Upbrb` Wrih
Q Wrih is tma *rih[pbka[ih* nf tma pbka wa bra
lurrajtoy kajarbtijk"
Q
Q Uraturj strijk
Q Asar rakistrbtinj fnr` rajharar"
QK
fujltinj butnbssikjrnoa[rakistar(Wrih) ]
Wnutput J hrupbo[kat[fnr`(*usar[rakistar[fnr`*)D
raturj WnutputD
S
KQQ
Q nbhs tma usar onkij fnr`
QK
fujltinj butnbssikjrnoa[onkij() ]
Wnutput J hrupbo[kat[fnr`(*usar[onkij*)D
- (49) -
raturj
WnutputD S
KQQ
Q nbhs tma pbsswnrh rasat fnr`
QK
fujltinj butnbssikjrnoa[pbsswnrh() ]
Wnutput J hrupbo[kat[fnr`(*usar[pbss*)D
raturj WnutputD
S
Cnha nf nha \b$a Vahiralt3

Gpmp
KQQ
Q `poaàjts mnn2[fnr`[botar()"
Q
Q #hhs tma bltinj bjh rahiralt fiaohs" Asah fy jnha typa ahit bjh
jnha ahit fnr`s"
QK
fujltinj jnha[sb$a[rahiralt[fnr`[botar(MWfnr` MWfnr`[stbta
Wfnr`[ih) ]
if (issat(Wfnr`_*jnha[typa*P)) ]
- (42) -
KK #Hhh tma jaw rbhins futtnjs tn tma sufìssinj $artilbo tbf"

Wfnr`_*sufìssinj*P_*jnha[sb$a[rahiralt*P J brrby(
*typa* JT *rbhins*
*titoa* JT t(*Vahiralt bftar lnjtajt lrabtinj*)
*nptinjs* JT brrby(9 JT t(*Hafbuot*)
1 JT t(*Vaturj tn Ehit pbka bftar sb$ijk"*)
 JT t(*Vaturj tn Cnjtajt E$ar$iaw bftar sb$ijk"*)
 JT t(*Va<hiralt tn @y ;nr2fajlm bftar sb$ijk*)
B JT t(*Va<hiralt tn bjntmar onlbtinj*))
*haslriptinj* JT t(*Cmnnsa wmara tma usar smnuoh fa sajt
bftar lrabtijk jaw lnjtajt"*)
*hafbuot[$boua* JT $bribfoa[kat(*jnha[sb$a[rahiralt[* "
Wfnr`_*jnha[typa*P<Ttypa 9)
)D
KK #hh b ta0tfiaoh tn tma sufìssinj $artilbo tbf"

Wfnr`_*sufìssinj*P_*jnha[sb$a[rahiralt[onlbtinj*P J brrby(
*typa* JT *ta0tfiaoh*
*titoa* JT *Custn` Vahiralt nlbtinj*
*hafbuot $b ua* JT
$bribfoa kat(*jnha sb$a rahiralt onlbt nj * "
Wfnr`_*jnha[typa*P<Ttypa **)
*stbtas* JT brrby(
*$isifoa* JT brrby(
*3ijput_jbàJjnha[sb$a[rahiraltP* JT brrby(*$boua* JT
- (46) -
*B*)
)
)
)D
S
KK #hh b jaw sufìt fujltinj"

if (strstr(Wfnr`[ih *[jnha[fnr`*)) ]
Wfnr`_*bltinjs*P_*sufìt*P_*sufìt*P_P J
*jnha[sb$a[rahiralt[sufìt*
DS
S
KQQ
Q # fujltinj tmbt is lbooah wmaj b jnha is sb$ah"
Q
Q Upbrb` brrby Wfnr`
Q Upbrb` brrby Wfnr`[stbta
QK
fujltinj jnha[sb$a[rahiralt[sufìt(Wfnr` MWfnr`[stbta) ]
KK onbh sattijks
Wjnha sb$a rahiralt[sattijks J
$bribfoa[kat(*jnha[sb$a[rahiralt[* " Wfnr`_*typa*P_*$boua*P
A)D
- (4<) -
Wlustn`[onlbtinj J $bribfoa[kat(*jnha[sb$a[rahiralt[onlbtinj[* "

Wfnr`_*typa*P_*$boua*P **)D
if (iis[juoo(Wjnha[sb$a[rahiralt[sattijks)) ]
KK # hastijbtinj ij W[GEX bowbys n$arrihas tma

fujltinj brkuàjts" Usaa hrupbo[kntn
ujsat(W[GEX_*hastijbtinj*P)D
if (Wjnha[sb$a[rahiralt[sattijks JJ *1*) ]
Wfnr`[stbta_*rahiralt*P J *jnhaK* " Wfnr`[stbta_*jih*P "
*Kahit*D
S
aosa if (Wjnha[sb$a ahiralt[sattijks JJ ** MM
usar[bllass(*bllass lnjtajt n$ar$iaw*)) ]
Wfnr`[stbta_*rahiralt*P J
*bhìjKlnjtajt*D S
aosa if (Wjnha[sb$a ahiralt[sattijks JJ ** MM
usar[bllass(*bllass wnr2fajlm*)) ]
Wfnr`[stbta_*rahiralt*P J *bhìjKwnr2fajlm*D
S
aosa if (Wjnha[sb$a[rahiralt[sattijks JJ *B*) ]
Wnptinjs J hrupbo[pbrsa[uro(Wlustn`[onlbtinj)D
Wfnr`[stbta_*rahiralt*P J brrby(Wnptinjs_*pbtm*P
brrby(
*1uary* JT Wnptinjs_*1uary*P
*frbkàjt* JT Wnptinjs_*frbkàjt*P
- (48) -
))D
S
S
S
Cnha fnr @bjbka Cnuriars usijk ltnnos3

Gpmp
KQQ
Q Ufioa
Q CXnnos pri`bry `nhuoa fioa"
Q
Q @nst nf tma CXnnos tnnos bra ij tmair nwj "ijl fioas" Xmis lnjtbijs
Q jntmijk `nra tmbj b faw lnj$ajiajla fujltinjs bjh
snà mnn2s tmbt
Q ùst fa i`poaàjtah ij tma `nhuoa fioa"
QK
hafija(*CXEE\[#=[>EV\E* *"9"/*)D
KQQ
Q Xma lurrajt wnr2ijk ltnnos $arsinj"
Q
Q j b raoabsa it smnuoh fa "0<1"0 wmilm smnuoh `btlm wmbt
hrusm `b2a wioo
- (41) -
Q lrabta" j b ha$ fnr`bt it smnuoh fa "0<1"(01)<ha$ wmilm wioo

boonw
Q `nhuoas hapajhijk nj jaw fabturas ij ltnnos tn hapajh nj
ltnnos T "0<1"0"
Q
Q Xn hafija b spalifil $arsinj nf CXnnos bs b hapajhajly
fnr bjntmar `nhuoa
Q si`poy ijlouha b hapajhajly oija ij tmbt `nhuoa*s ijfn fioa
a"k"3 Q D Va1uiras CXnnos $"0<1" nr jawar"
Q hapajhajlias_P J ltnnos (TJ1")
QK
hafija(*CXEE\[@EHAE[>EV\E* *"0<1"L*)D
KQQ
Q Xast tma CXnnos #= $arsinj
Q
Q Xmis fujltinj lbj bowbys fa usah tn sbfaoy tast if CXnnos mbs tma
ìjiù`
Q #= $arsinj tmbt ynur `nhuoa lbj usa" t lbj bosn try tn prntalt
ynu frn`
Q rujjijk if tma CXnnos #= $arsinj is tnn jaw fut if ynu hn tmbt
ynu jaah
Q tn fa $ary 1uil2 bfnut wbtlmijk CXnnos #= raoabsas bjh raoabsa
jaw $arsinjs
Q nf ynur snftwbra bs snnj bs tma jaw raoabsa is `bha nr panpoa
- (45) -
ìkmt ajh up
Q uphbtijk CXnnos bjh mb$ijk ynur `nhuoa smut hnwj witmnut bjy
ralnursa"
Q
Q t is raln`àjhah tmbt a$ary mnn2 nf ynur `nhuoa tmbt ìkmt
usa CXnnos nr
Q ìkmt oabh tn b usa nf CXnnos fa kubrhah oi2a tmis3
Q
Q Ulnha
Q if (i`nhuoa[ij$n2a(*ltnnos* *bpi[$arsinj* *1"9*))
] Q raturjD
Q S
Q Uajhlnha
Q
Q nta tmbt snà mnn2s sulm bs [àju() nr [tmaà() ùst raturj
bj brrby()"
Q
Q :nu lbj usa it ij ynur mnn2[ra1uiraàjts tn rapnrt tmis arrnr
lnjhitinj
Q oi2a tmis3
Q
Q Ulnha
Q hafija(*@EHAE#@E[@@A@[CXEE\[#=[>EV\E* *1"9*)D
Q hafija(*@EHAE#@E[@#8@A@[CXEE\[#=[>EV\E* *1"1*)
Q
- (4;) -
Q fujltinj @EHAE#@E[ra1uiraàjts(Wpmbsa) ]
Q Wra1uiraàjts J brrby()D
Q f (i`nhu a j$n2a(*ltnn s* *bp $ars
nj* @EHAE#@E[@@A@[CXEE\[#=[>EV\E
@EHAE#@E[@#8@A@[CXEE\[#=[>EV\E)) ]
Q Wra1uiraàjts_*@EHAE#@E[ltnnos*P J brrby(
Q *titoa* JT Wt(*@EHAE#@E ra1uirah Cmbns Xnno \
uita (CXnnos) #= >arsinj*)
Q *$boua* JT t(*Fatwaaj Ub bjh Uf* brrby(*Ub*
JT @EHAE#@E @@A@[CXEE\[#=[>EV\E *Uf*
JT @EHAE#@E[@#8@A@[CXEE\[#=[>EV\E))
Q *sa$arity* JT VERAVE@EX[EVVEV
Q )D
Q S
Q raturj Wra1uiraàjtsD
Q S
Q Uajhlnha
Q
Q =oabsa jnta tmbt tma $arsinj is b strijk jnt bj nbtijk pnijt
ju`far"
Q Xmis wioo `bttar njla CXnnos rablmas $arsinj 1"19"
Q
Q # CXnnos #= lmbjkas mistnry wioo fa 2apt ij #="t0t" nt a$ary
jaw
Q $arsinj nf CXnnos wioo jalassbrioy uphbta tma #= $arsinj"
- (4=) -
Q Upbrb` Wìjiù`
Q Xma ìjiù` $arsinj nf CXnnos jalassbry fnr ynur snftwbra
tn ruj witm it"
Q Upbrb` W`b0iù`
Q Xma `b0iù` $arsinj nf CXnnos boonwah fnr ynur snftwbra tn
ruj witm it"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[bpi[$arsinj(Wìjiù` W`b0iù` J A) ]
if ($arsinj[ln`pbra(CXEE\[#=[>EV\E Wìjiù` **)) ]
raturj &#\ED
S
if (issat(W`b0iù`) MM $arsinj[ln`pbra(CXEE\[#=[>EV\E
W`b0iù` *T*)) ]
raturj &#\ED
S
raturj
XVAED S
KK <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
KK Gajarbo utioity fujltinjs
KQQ
Q jlouha "ijl fioas bs jalassbry"
- (44) -
Q
Q Xmis fultinj is maopfuo fnr ijlouhijk "ijl fioas fnr ynur `nhuoa"
Xma
Q kajarbo lbsa is ijlouhijk ltnnos fujlitnjboity oi2a tmis3
Q
Q Ulnha
Q ltnnos[ijlouha(*poukijs*)D
Q Uajhlnha
Q
Q \iìobr fujlitnjboity lbj fa usah fnr ntmar `nhuoas fy prn$ihijk
tma W`nhuoa
Q bjh Whir brkuàjts oi2a tmis3
Q
Q Ulnha
Q KK ijlouha `y`nhuoaKijlouhasKi`pnrt"ijl
Q ltnnos[ijlouha(*i`pnrt* *`y`nhuoa*)D
Q KK ijlouha `y`nhuoaKpoukijsKfnnfbr"ijl
Q ltnnos[ijlouha(*fnnfbr* *`y`nhuoa* *poukijs*)D
Q Uajhlnha
Q
Q Upbrb` Wfioa
Q Xma fbsa fioa jbà tn fa ijlouhah"
Q Upbrb` W`nhuoa
Q Eptinjbo `nhuoa lnjtbijijk tma ijlouha"
Q Upbrb` Whir
- (299) -
Q Eptinjbo sufhiraltnry lnjtbijijk tma ijlouha fioa"

QK
fujltinj ltnnos[ijlouha(Wfioa W`nhuoa J *ltnnos* Whir J *ijlouhas*)
]
stbtil Wusah J brrby()D
Whir J *K* " (Whir G Whir " *K* 3 **)D
if (iissat(Wusah_W`nhuoaP_WhirP_WfioaP)) ]
ra1uira[njla HVA=#[VEEX " *K* " hrupbo[kat[pbtm(*`nhuoa*
W`nhuoa) " WhirWfioa"ijlD
Wusah_W`nhuoaP_WhirP_WfioaP J XVAED
S
S
KQQ
Q jlouha "ijl fioas ij b fnr` lnjta0t"
Q
Q Xmis is b $bribjt nf ltnnos[ijlouha tmbt wioo sb$a ijfnr`btinj ij
tma
Q tma fnr`[stbta sn tmbt lblmah fnr`s wioo prnparoy
ijlouha tmijks"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[fnr`[ijlouha(MWfnr`[stbta Wfioa W`nhuoa J
*ltnnos* Whir J *ijlouhas*) ]
- (292) -
if (iissat(Wfnr`[stbta_*fuioh[ijfn*P_*brks*P)) ]
Wfnr`[stbta_*fuioh[ijfn*P_*brks*P J brrby()D
S
Whir J *K* " (Whir G Whir " *K* 3 **)D

fnr`[onbh[ijlouha(Wfnr`[stbta *ijl* W`nhuoa Whir " Wfioa)D
S
KQQ
Q #hh bj brfitrbry pbtm tn tma Wfnr`[stbta sn it lbj wnr2 witm
fnr` lblma"
Q
Q `nhuoa[onbh[ijlouha usas bj ujfnrtujbtaoy bjjnyijk syjtb0 tn
wnr2 `b2ijk it
Q hiffiluot tn trbjsobta tma `nra si`poa Wpbtm  Wfioa syjtb0"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[fnr`[ijlouha[fioa(MWfnr`[stbta Wfioajbà)
] if (iissat(Wfnr`[stbta_*fuioh[ijfn*P_*brks*P)) ]
Wfnr`[stbta_*fuioh[ijfn*P_*brks*P J
brrby()D S
KK nw bhh tmis tn tma fuioh ijfn fioas sn tmbt #+#8 ra1uasts wioo
2jnw tn onbh it"
Wfnr`[stbta_*fuioh[ijfn*P_*fioas*P_WfioajbàP J WfioajbàD
ra1uira[njla HVA=#[VEEX " *K* " WfioajbàD
- (296) -
KQQ
Q =rn$iha tma prnpar pbtm tn bj i`bka bs jalassbry"
Q
Q Xmis maopar fujltinj is usah fy ltnnos fut lbj bosn fa usah ij
ntmar
Q `nhuoas ij tma sbà wby bs a0pobijah ij tma ln`àjts nf
ltnnos[ijlouha"
Q
Q Upbrb` Wi`bka
Q Xma fbsa fioa jbà (witm a0tajsinj) nf tma i`bka tn
fa ijlouhah"
Q Upbrb` W`nhuoa
Q Upbrb` Whir
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[i`bka[pbtm(Wi`bka W`nhuoa J *ltnnos* Whir J
*i`bkas*) ]
raturj hrupbo[kat[pbtm(*`nhuoa* W`nhuoa) " KWhirK " Wi`bkaD
S
KQQ
Q jlouha lss fioas bs jalassbry"
- (29<) -
Q
ntmar
ltnnos[ijlouha"
Q
Q Upbrb` Wfioa
Q Upbrb` W`nhuoa
Q Upbrb` Whir
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[bhh[lss(Wfioa W`nhuoa J *ltnnos* Whir J *lss*) ]
hrupbo[bhh[lss(hrupbo[kat[pbtm(*`nhuoa* W`nhuoa) "
KWhirK
Wfioa"lss)D
S
KQQ
Q &nr`bt b lss fioa jbà fnr usa witm Wfnr`_*bttblmah*P_*lss*P"
Q
ntmar
ltnnos[ijlouha"
- (298) -
Q
Q Ulnha
Q Wfnr`_*bttblmah*P_*lss*P J
brrby(ltnnos[bttblm[lss(*lnoobpsifoa<hi$*))D
Q Wfnr`_*bttblmah*P_*lss*P_ltnnos[bttblm[lss(*lnoobpsifoa<hi$*)P
J brrby(*praprnlass* JT &#\E)D
Q Uajhlnha
Q
Q Upbrb` Wfioa
Q Upbrb` W`nhuoa
Q Upbrb` Whir
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[bttblm[lss(Wfioa W`nhuoa J *ltnnos* Whir J *lss*) ]
raturj hrupbo[kat[pbtm(*`nhuoa* W`nhuoa) " KWhirKWfioa"lssD
S
KQQ
Q jlouha js fioas bs jalassbry"
Q
ntmar
- (291) -
ltnnos[ijlouha"
Q
Q Upbrb` Wfioa
Q Upbrb` W`nhuoa
Q Upbrb` Whir
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[bhh[js(Wfioa W`nhuoa J *ltnnos* Whir J *js*) ]
hrupbo[bhh[js(hrupbo[kat[pbtm(*`nhuoa* W`nhuoa) "  KWhirK
Wfioa"js)D
S
KQQ
Q &nr`bt b jb$bslript fioa jbà fnr usa witm Wfnr`_*bttblmah*P
_*js*P"
Q
ntmar
ltnnos[ijlouha"
Q
Q Ulnha
Q Wfnr`_*bttblmah*P_*js*P J brrby(ltnnos[bttblm[js(*butn<
- (295) -
sufìt*))D
Q Uajhlnha
Q
Q Upbrb` Wfioa
Q Upbrb` W`nhuoa
Q Upbrb` Whir
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[bttblm[js(Wfioa W`nhuoa J *ltnnos* Whir J *js*) ]
raturj hrupbo[kat[pbtm(*`nhuoa* W`nhuoa) " KWhirKWfioa"jsD
S
KQQ
Q Gat b oist nf rnoas ij tma systa`"
Q
Q Uraturj
Q #j brrby nf rnoa jbàs 2ayah fy rnoa H"
Q
Q Uhapralbtah
Q usar[rnoas() smnuoh fa usah ijstabh"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[kat[rnoas()
] raturj usar[rnoas()D
- (29;) -
KQ
Q Frab2 0yI bjh 0yI ijtn bj brrby" uàril njoy"
Q
Q Upbrb` Wstr
Q Xma strijk tn pbrsa"
Q
Q Uraturj Wnfjalt
Q #j nfjalt lnjtbijijk
Q < nparbtnr3 Eitmar *bjh* nr *nr*
Q < $boua3 #j brrby nf juàril $bouas"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[frab2[pmrbsa(Wstr) ]
Wnfjalt J jaw sthCobss()D
if (prak[`btlm(*K(_9<9P_ P)_9<9PWK* Wstr)) ]

KK Xma ** lmbrbltar ij b 1uary strijk `by fa pbrsah bs * *"
Wnfjalt<Tnparbtnr J *nr*D
Wnfjalt<T$boua J prak[spoit(*K_ PK* Wstr)D
S
aosa if (prak[`btlm(*K(_9<9P)Q_9<9PWK* Wstr)) ]
Wnfjalt<Tnparbtnr J *bjh*D
Wnfjalt<T$boua J a0ponha(** Wstr)D
S
- (29=) -
KK Yaap bj *arrnr* $boua if ij$boih strijks wara ki$aj"

if (ia`pty(Wstr) MM (a`pty(Wnfjalt<T$boua) ^^
iis[brrby(Wnfjalt< T$boua))) ]
Wnfjalt<T$boua J brrby(<1)D
Wnfjalt<Tij$boih[ijput J XVAED
raturj WnfjaltD
S
if (a`pty(Wnfjalt<T$boua))
] Wnfjalt<T$boua J
brrby()D
S
KK Hnufoy ajsura tmbt boo $bouas bra juàril

njoy" fnrablm (Wnfjalt<T$boua bs Wih JT W$boua)
]
Wnfjalt<T$boua_WihP J ijt$bo(W$boua)D
S
raturj
WnfjaltD S
KQQ
Q \at b tn2ajK$boua pbir tn fa rapoblah obtar ij tma
ra1uast spalifilbooy ij
Q ltnnos[pbka[tn2aj[prnlassijk()"
- (294) -
Q
Q Upbrb` Wtn2aj
Q Xma tn2aj tn fa rapoblah obtar hurijk pbka rajharijk" Xmis
smnuoh
Q ihabooy fa b strijk ijsiha nf bj 6X@ ln`àjt sn tmbt if
tmara is
Q jn rapoblaàjt tma tn2aj wioo jnt rajhar nj tma pbka"
Q Upbrb` Wtypa
Q Xma typa nf tma tn2aj" Cbj fa aitmar *$bribfoa* wmilm wioo
puoo hbtb
Q hiraltoy frn` tma pbka $bribfoas
Q Upbrb` Wbrkuàjt
Q f Wtypa JJ *$bribfoa* tmaj brkuàjt smnuoh fa tma 2ay
tn fatlm frn`
Q tma W$bribfoas" f Wtypa JJ *lboofbl2* tmaj it smnuoh aitmar fa
tma
Q lboofbl2 nr bj brrby tmbt wioo fa sajt tn lboo[usar[fujl[brrby()"
Q
Q Uraturj
Q # brrby nf tn2ajK$bribfoa jbàs tn fa rapoblah"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[sat[pbka[tn2aj(Wtn2aj J A Wtypa J A
Wbrkuàjt J A) ]
stbtil Wtn2ajs J
brrby()D
- (229) -
if (issat(Wtn2aj)) ]
Wtn2ajs_Wtn2ajP J brrby(Wtypa
Wbrkuàjt)D S
raturj
Wtn2ajsD S
KQQ
Q Ebsioy sat b tn2aj frn` tma pbka $bribfoas"
Q
Q Xmis fujltinj lbj fa usah oi2a tmis3
Q Wtn2aj J ltnnos[sat[$bribfoa[tn2aj(*tbfs*)D
Q
Q Wtn2aj wioo tmaj fa b si`poa rapoblaàjt fnr tma *tbfs* bfnut
nf tma
Q $bribfoas b$biobfoa ij tma pbka ta`pobta"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[sat[$bribfoa[tn2aj(Wtn2aj) ]
Wstrijk J *i<< ltnnos<pbka<* " Wtn2aj " * <<T*D
ltnnos[sat[pbka[tn2aj(Wstrijk *$bribfoa* Wtn2aj)D
raturj
WstrijkD S
KQQ
Q Ebsioy sat b tn2aj frn` tma pbka $bribfoas"
Q
- (222) -
Q Xmis fujltinj lbj fa usah oi2a tmis3

Q Wtn2aj J ltnnos sat $bribfoa[tn2aj(*ih*
*`y`nhuoa[`yfujltinj*)D
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[sat[lboofbl2[tn2aj(Wtn2aj Wlboofbl2) ]
KK f tma lboo fbl2 usas brkuàjts tmay bra lnjsiharah ij
tma tn2aj"
if (is[brrby(Wlboofbl2)) ]
Wtn2aj "J *<* " `h4(sariboiIa(Wlboofbl2))D
S
Wstrijk J *i<< ltnnos<pbka<* " Wtn2aj " * <<T*D
ltnnos[sat[pbka[tn2aj(Wstrijk *lboofbl2* Wlboofbl2)D
raturj WstrijkD
S
KQQ
Q Xaoo CXnnos tmbt sihafbr fonl2s smnuoh jnt fa rajharah"
Q
Q t is nftaj hasirbfoa tn jnt hispoby sihafbrs wmaj rajharijk b
pbka
Q pbrtiluobroy wmaj usijk =bjaos" Xmis ijfnr`s CXnnos tn botar nut
bjy
Q sihafbr rakinjs hurijk fonl2 rajhar"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[sat[jn[fonl2s(Wfonl2s J &#\E) ]
- (226) -
Wstbtus J Mhrupbo[stbtil([[&ACXE[[ XVAE)D

Wstbtus J Wfonl2sD
S
KQQ
Q ;rbppar fujltinj tn lrabta AAHs $ib ltnnos fboos fbl2 nj AAH
`nhuoa
Q if it is ajbfoah" Xmis lnha is b lnpy nf uuih"ijl frn` tma uuih
`nhuoa"
Q Usaa mttp3KKpmp"jatKuji1ihL4/9
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[uuih[kajarbta()
] if (i`nhuoa[a0ists(*uuih*)) ]
ltnnos[ijlouha(*uuih*)D
Wlboofbl2 J hrupbo[stbtil([[&ACXE[[)D
if (a`pty(Wlboofbl2)) ]
f (fujlt nj a0 sts(*uu h lrabta*) MM i
fujltinj[a0ists(*uuih[`b2a*)) ]
Wlboofbl2 J *[ltnnos[uuih[kajarbta[palo*D
S
aosaif (fujltinj[a0ists(*ln`[lrabta[kuih*)) ]
Wlboofbl2 J *[ltnnos[uuih[kajarbta[ln`*D
- (22<) -
S
aosa ]
Wlboofbl2 J
*[ltnnos[uuih[kajarbta[pmp*D S
S
raturj
Wlboofbl2()D S
aosa ]
raturj
uuih[kajarbta()D S
S
KQQ
Q Cmal2 tmbt b strijk bppabrs tn fa ij tma fnr`bt nf b AAH"
Q Usaa mttp3KKhrupbo"nrkKprnjaltKuuih
Q
Q Upbrb` Wuuih
Q Xma strijk tn tast"
Q
Q Uraturj
Q XVAE if tma strijk is waoo fnràh"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[uuih[is[$boih(Wuuih J **) ]
if (a`pty(Wuuih)) ]
raturj &#\ED
- (228) -
S
if (fujltinj[a0ists(*uuih[is[$boih*) ^^ `nhuoa[a0ists(*uuih*)) ]
raturj uuih[is[$boih(Wuuih)D
S
aosa ]
ltnnos[ijlouha(*uuih*)D
raturj
uuih[is[$boih(Wuuih)D S
S
KQQ
Q #hh bj brrby nf lobssas tn tma fnhy"
Q
Q Upbrb` ì0ah Wlobssas
Q # strijk nr bj brrby nf lobss strijks tn bhh"
Q Upbrb` strijk Wmnn2
Q Xma tmaà mnn2 tn bhh tma lobss tn" Xma hafbuot is *mtò* wmilm
wioo
Q bffalt tma fnhy tbk"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[lobss[bhh(Wlobssas Wmnn2 J *mtò*) ]
if (iis[brrby(Wlobssas)) ]
Wlobssas J
brrby(Wlobssas)D S
- (221) -
Wstbtil J Mhrupbo[stbtil(*ltnnos[prnlass[lobssas* brrby())D

if (iissat(Wstbtil_Wmnn2P_*bhh*P)) ]
Wstbtil_Wmnn2P_*bhh*P J
brrby()D S
fnrablm (Wlobssas bs Wlobss) ]
Wstbtil_Wmnn2P_*bhh*P_P J WlobssD
S
S
KQQ
Q Va`n$a bj brrby nf lobssas frn` tma fnhy"
Q
Q Upbrb` ì0ah Wlobssas
Q # strijk nr bj brrby nf lobss strijks tn ra`n$a"
Q Upbrb` strijk Wmnn2
Q Xma tmaà mnn2 tn ra`n$a tma lobss frn`" Xma hafbuot is
*mtò* wmilm wioo
Q bffalt tma fnhy tbk"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[lobss[ra`n$a(Wlobssas Wmnn2 J *mtò*) ]
if (iis[brrby(Wlobssas)) ]
Wlobssas J
brrby(Wlobssas)D S
Wstbtil J Mhrupbo[stbtil(*ltnnos[prnlass[lobssas* brrby())D
- (225) -
if (iissat(Wstbtil_Wmnn2P_*ra`n$a*P)) ]
Wstbtil_Wmnn2P_*ra`n$a*P J brrby()D
S
fnrablm (Wlobssas bs Wlobss) ]
Wstbtil_Wmnn2P_*ra`n$a*P_P J WlobssD
S
S
KK <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
KK Hrupbo lnra mnn2s
KQQ
Q `poaàjt mnn2[ijit tn 2aap nur konfbo C\\ bt tma rabhy"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[ijit() ]
ltnnos[bhh[lss(*ltnnos*)D
KK f wa bra sura tmbt CXnnos* #+#8 is ij usa lmbjka tma
arrnr mbjhoijk"
if (ia`pty(W[VERAE\X_*ltnnos[bjb0*P)) ]
iji[sat(*hispoby[arrnrs* 9)D
rakistar[smuthnwj[fujltinj(*ltnnos[smuthnwj[mbjhoar*)D
S
KK Coabr poukij lblma nj tma `nhuoa pbka sufìt"

f (W[GEX_*1*P JJ *bh` jK`nhuoasKoistKlnjfir`* MM i
- (22;) -
a`pty(W[=E\X)) ]
lblma[loabr[boo(*ltnnos[poukij[fioas3* *lblma*
XVAE)D
S
S
KQQ
Q \muthnwj mbjhoar usah hurijk bjb0 nparbtinjs tn maop lbtlm
fbtbo arrnrs"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[smuthnwj[mbjhoar() ]
if (fujltinj[a0ists( arrnr[kat[obst ) #H (Warrnr J
arrnr[kat[obst())) ]
switlm (Warrnr_*typa*P)
] lbsa E[EVVEV3
lbsa E[CEVE[EVVEV3
lbsa E[CE@=E[EVVEV3
lbsa E[A\EV[EVVEV3
KK Hn tmis `bjubooy falbusa ijlouhijk fioas mara is hbjkarnus"
Wln``bjhs J brrby(
brrby(
*ln``bjh* JT *boart*
*titoa* JT t(*Errnr*)
*ta0t* JT t(*Ajbfoa tn ln`poata nparbtinj" &btbo arrnr ij
Ufioa nj oija Uoija3 Uàssbka* brrby(
*Ufioa* JT Warrnr_*fioa*P
- (22=) -
*Uoija* JT Warrnr_*oija*P
*Uàssbka* JT Warrnr_*àssbka*P
))
)
)D
KK Cmbjka tma stbtus lnha sn tmbt tma loiajt wioo rabh tma #+#8
raturjah"
mabhar(*6XX=K1"1 99 EY*)D
hrupbo[jsnj(Wln``bjhs)
DS
S
S
KQQ
Q `poaàjts mnn2[tmaà()"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[tmaà() ]
ltnnos[ijlouha(*utioity*)
D Wita`s J brrby()D
ltnnos[pbsstmrnukm(*ltnnos* *tmaà* Wita`s)D
raturj Wita`sD
S
KQQ
- (224) -
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[àju() ]
D Wita`s J brrby()D
ltnnos[pbsstmrnukm(*ltnnos* *àju* Wita`s)D
raturj Wita`sD
S
KQQ
Q `poaàjts mnn2[parìssinj()"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[parìssinj() ]
raturj brrby(
*usa ltnnos i`pnrt* JT brrby(
*titoa* JT t(*Asa CXnnos i`pnrtar*)
*haslriptinj* JT t(*Xma i`pnrt fujltinjboity boonws usars
tn a0aluta brfitrbry =6= lnha sn a0traà lbutinj ùst fa
tb2aj"*)
*rastrilt bllass* JT XVAE
)
)D
S
KQQ
Q `poaàjtbtinj nf mnn2[lrnj" Coabj up noh lblmas"
- (269) -
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[lrnj() ]
D Wita`s J brrby()D
ltnnos[pbsstmrnukm(*ltnnos* *lrnj* Wita`s)D
S
KQQ
Q `poaàjts mnn2[usm[lblmas()"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[usm[lblmas() ]
KK Ejoy raturj tma C\\ lblma fij if it mbs faaj blti$btah tn
b$nih KK hrupbo[usm[boo[lblmas() frn` tryijk tn trujlbta b
jnj<a0istijk
tbfoa"
raturj $bribfoa[kat(*lblma[lobss[lblma[ltnnos[lss* &#\E) G
brrby(*lblma[ltnnos[lss*) 3 brrby()D
S
KQQ
Q `poaàjts mnn2[aoaàjt[ijfn[botar()"
Q
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[aoaàjt[ijfn[botar(MWtypa) ]
ltnnos[ijlouha(*hapajhajt*)D
ltnnos[hapajhajt[aoaàjt[ijfn[botar(Wtypa)D
- (262) -
KQQ
Q `poaàjtbtinj nf mnn2[fioa[hnwjonbh()
Q
Q ;maj usijk tma pri$bta fioa systa` wa mb$a tn oat Hrupbo 2jnw
it*s n2 tn
Q hnwjonbh C\\ bjh i`bka fioas frn` nur ta`pnrbry hiraltnry"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[fioa[hnwjonbh(Wfioapbtm)
] if (strpns(Wfioapbtm *ltnnos*) JJJ 9) ]
Wìà J fioa[kat[ìàtypa(Wfioapbtm)D
KK &nr sbfaty*s sb2a wa boonw njoy ta0t bjh i`bkas"
if (strpns(Wìà *ta0t*) JJJ 9 ^^ strpns(Wìà *i`bka*) JJJ
9) ]
raturj brrby(*Cnjtajt<typa3* "
Wìà)D S
S
S
KQQ
Q `poaàjts mnn2[rakistry[fioas[botar()"
Q
Q #otar tma rakistry nf fioas tn butn`bkilbooy ijlouha boo lobssas ij
Q lobss<fbsah poukijs"
- (266) -
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[rakistry[fioas[botar(MWfioas Wijha0ah[`nhuoas) ]
ltnnos[ijlouha(*rakistry*)D
raturj [ltnnos[rakistry[fioas[botar(Wfioas
Wijha0ah[`nhuoas)D S
KK <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
KK CXnnos mnn2 i`poaàjtbtinjs"
KQQ
Q `poaàjtbtinj nf mnn2[ltnnos[poukij[hiraltnry() tn oat
tma systa` 2jnw
Q wmara boo nur nwj poukijs bra"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[ltnnos[poukij[hiraltnry(Wnwjar Wpoukij[typa) ]
if (Wnwjar JJ *ltnnos*) ]
raturj *poukijsK* "
Wpoukij[typaD S
S
KQQ
Q `poaàjts mnn2[ltnnos[poukij[typa()"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[ltnnos[poukij[typa() ]
ltnnos[ijlouha(*utioity*)D
- (26<) -
Wita`s J brrby()D
KK #hh boo tma poukijs tmbt mb$a tmair nwj halobrbtinj
spbla aosawmara"
ltnnos[pbsstmrnukm(*ltnnos* *poukij<typa* Wita`s)D
raturj
Wita`sD S
KK <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
KK Hrupbo tmaà praprnlass mnn2s tmbt ùst fa ij tma "`nhuoa
fioa"
KQQ
Q # tmaà praprnlass fujltinj tn butn`btilbooy boonw
pbjaos< fbsah jnha
Q ta`pobtas fbsah upnj ijput wmaj tma pbjao wbs lnjfikurah"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[praprnlass[jnha(MW$brs) ]
KK Xma *ltnnos[ta`pobta[ihajtifiar* bttrifuta nf tma jnha is
bhhah wmaj tma pbja is
KK rajharah"
if (ia`pty(W$brs_*jnha*P<Tltnnos[ta`pobta[ihajtifiar)) ]
W$brs_*ltnnos[ta`pobta[ihajtifiar*P J lmal2[pobij(W$brs_*jnha*P<
Tltnnos[ta`pobta[ihajtifiar)D
W$brs_*tmaà[mnn2[sukkastinjs*P_P J *jnha[[pbjao[[* "
- (268) -
lmal2[pobij(W$brs_*jnha*P<Tltnnos[ta`pobta[ihajtifiar)D
S
S
KQQ
Q `poaàjts mnn2[pbka[botar()"
Q
Q bst hitlm btta`pt tn ra`n$a sihafbr rakinjs if tma jn fonl2s
Q fujltinjboity mbs faaj blti$btah"
Q
Q Usaa ltnnos[fonl2[oist[botar()"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[pbka[botar(MWpbka) ]
Wlmal2 J hrupbo[stbtil(*ltnnos[sat[jn[fonl2s* XVAE)D
if (iWlmal2) ]
fnrablm (Wpbka bs Wrakinj[ih JT Wrakinj) ]
KK Utnhn << pnssifoy wa lbj sat lnjfikurbtinj fnr tmis sn tmbt
usars lbj
KK spalify wmilm fonl2s wioo jnt kat rajharah"
if (strpns(Wrakinj[ih *sihafbr*) iJJ &#\E) ]
ujsat(Wpbka_Wrakinj[ihP)D
S
S
S
- (261) -
Wpbka_*pnst[rajhar*P_P J *ltnnos[pbka[tn2aj[prnlassijk*D
S
KQQ
Q # tmaà pnst[rajhar lboofbl2 tn boonw lnjtajt typa poukijs
tn usa pbka
Q ta`pobta $bribfoas wmilm bra jnt yat b$biobfoa wmaj
tma lnjtajt typa is
Q rajharah"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[pbka[tn2aj[prnlassijk(Wlmiohraj Waoaàjts) ]
Wtn2ajs J
ltnnos[sat[pbka[tn2aj()D if
(ia`pty(Wtn2ajs)) ]
fnrablm (Wtn2ajs bs Wtn2aj JT W2ay) ]
oist(Wtypa Wbrkuàjt) J W2ayD
switlm (Wtypa) ]
lbsa *$bribfoa*3
Wtn2ajs_Wtn2ajP J issat(Waoaàjts_WbrkuàjtP) G
Waoaàjts_WbrkuàjtP 3 **D
frab2D
lbsa *lboofbl2*3
if (is[strijk(Wbrkuàjt) MM fujltinj[a0ists(Wbrkuàjt)) ]
Wtn2ajs_Wtn2ajP J Wbrkuàjt(Waoaàjts)D
S
if (is[brrby(Wbrkuàjt) MM fujltinj[a0ists(Wbrkuàjt_9P))
- (265) -
]
Wfujltinj J brrby[smift(Wbrkuàjt)D
Wbrkuàjt J brrby[àrka(brrby(MWaoaàjts)
Wbrkuàjt)
D
Wtn2ajs_Wtn2ajP J lboo[usar[fujl[brrby(Wfujltinj
Wbrkuàjt)
DS
frab2D
S
S
Wlmiohraj J strtr(Wlmiohraj Wtn2ajs)D
S
raturj
WlmiohrajD S
KQQ
Q `poaàjts mnn2[prnlass()"
Q
Q #hh bjh ra`n$a C\\ lobssas frn` tma $bribfoas brrby" ;a usa
prnlass sn tmbt
Q wa botar bjytmijk bhhah ij tma praprnlass mnn2s"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[prnlass(MW$bribfoas Wmnn2) ]
if (iissat(W$bribfoas_*lobssas*P)) ]
raturjD
- (26;) -
Lnuriar @bjbkaàjt \
Wlobssas J hrupbo[stbtil(*ltnnos[prnlass[lobssas* brrby())D
KK =rnlass tma lobsssas tn bhh"

if (ia`pty(Wlobssas_Wmnn2P_*bhh*P)) ]
Wbhh[lobssas J brrby[`bp(*hrupbo[loabj[lss[ihajtifiar*
Wlobssas_Wmnn2P_*bhh*P)D
W$br bf as_*l bssas brrby*P J
brrby[uji1ua(brrby[àrka(W$bribfoas_*lobssas[brrby*P
Wbhh[lobssas))D
S
KK =rnlass tma lobssas tn ra`n$a"

if (ia`pty(Wlobssas_Wmnn2P_*ra`n$a*P)) ]
Wra`n$a[lobssas J brrby[`bp(*hrupbo[loabj[lss[ihajtifiar*
Wlobssas_Wmnn2P_*ra`n$a*P)D
W$bribfoas_*lobssas brrby*P J
brrby[hiff(W$bribfoas_*lobssas[brrby*P Wra`n$a[lobssas)D
S
KK \ijla tmis rujs bftar ta`pobta[prnlass() wa jaah tn

ra< i`ponha tma
KK lobssas brrby"
W$bribfoas_*lobssas*P J i`ponha(* * W$bribfoas_*lobssas[brrby*P)D
- (26=) -
KK <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
KK @aju lboofbl2s tmbt ùst fa ij tma "`nhuoa fioa"
KQQ
Q Hatarìja if tma lurrajt usar mbs bllass $ib b poukij"
Q
Q Xmis fujltinj is àbjt tn fa a`fahhah ij tma Hrupbo àju
systa` bjh
Q tmarafnra is ij tma "`nhuoa fioa sijla suf fioas lbj*t fa onbhah
bjh
Q tb2as brkuàjts b oittoa fit `nra mbpmbIbrhoy tmbj
ltnnos[bllass()"
Q
Q Upbrb` Wbllass
Q #j bllass lnjt no brrby wmilm lnjtbijs tma
fnoonwijk ijfnr`btinj3
Q < *onkil*3 bjh nr nr" ;matmar boo tasts ùst pbss nr nja ùst
pbss"
Q < *poukijs*3 #j brrby nf bllass poukijs" Eblm lnjtbijs3
Q < < *jbà*3 Xma jbà nf tma poukij
Q < < *sattijks*3 Xma sattijks frn` tma poukij
A" Q < < *lnjta0t*3 ;milm lnjta0t tn usa"
Q Upbrb` """
- (264) -
Q Iarn nr `nra lnjta0t brkuàjts kajarbtah frn` brkuàjt

poukijs" Xmasa
Q lnjta0ts ùst mb$a bj *ih* bttblmah tn tma` sn tmbt tmay
lbj fa
Q prnparoy bssnlibtah" Xma brkuàjt poukij systa` smnuoh sat
tmis fut
Q if tma lnjta0t is lnìjk frn` aosawmara it wioo jaah tn fa sat
`bjubooy"
Q
Q Uraturj
Q XVAE if bllass is krbjtah fbosa if ntmarwisa"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[bllass[àju(Wbllass) ]
KK \mnrt lirluit a$arytmijk if tmara bra jn bllass
tasts" if (a`pty(Wbllass_*poukijs*P)) ]
raturj XVAED
S
Wlnjta0ts J brrby()D
fnrablm (fujl[kat[brks() bs Wbrk) ]
if (is[nfjalt(Wbrk) MM kat[lobss(Wbrk) JJ *ltnnos[lnjta0t*) ]
Wlnjta0ts_Wbrk<TihP J WbrkD
S
S
- (2<9) -
ltnnos[ijlouha(*lnjta0t*)D
raturj ltnnos[bllass(Wbllass Wlnjta0ts)D
S
KQQ
Q Hatarìja if tma lurrajt usar mbs bllass $ib lmal2s tn ùotipoa
hiffarajt
Q parìssinjs"
Q
Q Xmis fujltinj is b tmij wrbppar brnujh usar[bllass tmbt boonws
ùotipoa
Q parìssinjs tn fa absioy hasikjbtah fnr usa nj fnr a0b`poa b
àju lboofbl2"
Q
Q Upbrb` """
Q #j ijha0ah brrby nf Iarn nr `nra parìssinj strijks tn fa
lmal2ah fy
Q usar[bllass()"
Q
Q Uraturj
Q ff boo lmal2s pbss wioo tmis fujltinj raturj XVAE" f bj
ij$boih brkuàjt
Q is pbssah (a"k" jnt b strijk) tmis fujltinj arrs nj tma sbfa
sbih bjh
Q raturjs &#\E"
- (2<2) -
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[bllass[ùotipar`() ]
fnrablm (fujl[kat[brks() bs Wbrk) ]
if (iis[strijk(Wbrk) ^^ iusar[bllass(Wbrk)) ]
raturj &#\ED
S
S
raturj
XVAED S
KQQ
Q Cmal2 tn saa if tma ijlnìjk àju ita` is js lbpbfoa nr jnt"
Q
Q Xmis lbj fa usah bs Zltnnos[js bs pbrt nf b pbtm ij mnn2 àju"
CXnnos
Q bjb0 fujltinjs wioo butn`btilbooy lmbjka tma pmrbsa *jnjs* tn
*bjb0*
Q wmaj it bttblmas bjb0 tn b oij2" Xmis lbj fa usah tn butnhatalt if
Q tmbt mbppajah"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[js[onbh(Wjs)
] if (Wjs JJ *bjb0*) ]
raturj XVAED
S
raturj 9D
- (2<6) -
KQQ
Q =rn$ihas tma hafbuot $boua fnr Zltnnos[js"
Q
Q Xmis boonws hrupbo[$boih[pbtm() tn wnr2 witm Zltnnos[js"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[js[tn[brk(Wbrk) ]
raturj a`pty(Wbrk) ^^ Wbrk JJ *Z* G *jnjs* 3 WbrkD
S
KQQ
Q @aju [onbh mnn2"
Q
Q Xmis fujltinj wioo fa lbooah tn onbh bj nfjalt bs b
rapoblaàjt fnr
Q Zltnnos[a0pnrt[ui ij àju pbtms"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[a0pnrt[ui[onbh(Wita`[jbà Wpoukij[jbà) ]
Wraturj J Mhrupbo[stbtil([[&ACXE[[ &#\E)D
if (iWraturj) ]
ltnnos[ijlouha(*a0pnrt<ui*)D
Wpoukij J ltnnos[kat[a0pnrt[ui(Wpoukij[jbà)D
Wmbjhoar J ltnnos[a0pnrt[ui[kat[mbjhoar(Wpoukij)D
- (2<<) -
if (Wmbjhoar) ]
raturj
Wmbjhoar<Tonbh[ita`(Wita`[jbà)D S
S
raturj
WraturjD S
KK <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
KK Cblmijk lboofbl2s nj fambof nf a0pnrt<ui"
KQQ
Q @aju bllass lboofbl2 fnr $brinus tbs2s nf a0pnrt<ui"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[a0pnrt[ui[tbs2[bllass(Wpoukij[jbà Wnp Wita`
J A) ]
if (Wmbjhoar) ]
raturj Wmbjhoar<Tbllass(Wnp Wita`)D
S
- (2<8) -
KK Hajy bllass if tma mbjhoar lbjjnt fa fnujh"

raturj &#\ED
S
KQQ
Q Cboofbl2 fnr bllass lnjtrno bjb0 fnr` nj fambof nf a0pnrt ui"
Q
Q Vaturjs tma lblmah bllass lnjfik bjh lnjta0ts usah"
Q nta tmbt tmis is bssuìjk tmbt bllass wioo fa ij Wita`<Tbllass
<< if it
Q is jnt bj a0pnrt A poukij wioo mb$a tn `b2a its nwj lboofbl2s"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[a0pnrt[ui[ltnnos[bllass[kat(Wbrkuàjt) ]
oist(Wpoukij[jbà W2ay) J a0ponha(*3* Wbrkuàjt )D
if (Wmbjhoar) ]
Wita` J Wmbjhoar<Tahit[lblma[kat(W2ay)D
if (iWita`) ]
Wita` J ltnnos[a0pnrt[lruh[onbh(Wmbjhoar<Tpoukij_*slma`b*P
W2ay)D
- (2<1) -
Wlnjta0ts J ltnnos[lnjta0t[onbh[lnjta0ts(Wita`)D
raturj brrby(Wita`<Tbllass Wlnjta0ts)D
S
S
KQQ
Q Cboofbl2 fnr bllass lnjtrno bjb0 fnr` nj fambof nf a0pnrt ui
Q
Q Vaturjs tma lblmah bllass lnjfik bjh lnjta0ts usah"
Q nta tmbt tmis is bssuìjk tmbt bllass wioo fa ij Wita`<Tbllass
<< if it
Q is jnt bj a0pnrt A poukij wioo mb$a tn `b2a its nwj lboofbl2s"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[a0pnrt[ui[ltnnos[bllass[sat(Wbrkuàjt Wbllass)
]
oist(Wpoukij[jbà W2ay) J a0ponha(*3* Wbrkuàjt )D
if (Wmbjhoar) ]
- (2<5) -
Wita` J Wmbjhoar<Tahit[lblma[kat(W2ay)D
if (iWita`) ]
Wita` J ltnnos[a0pnrt[lruh[onbh(Wmbjhoar<Tpoukij_*slma`b*P
W2ay)D
S
Wita`<Tbllass J WbllassD
raturj Wmbjhoar<Tahit[lblma[sat[2ay(Wita`
W2ay)D S
S
KQQ
Q `poaàjts mnn2[àju[onlbo[tbs2s[botar()"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[àju[onlbo[tbs2s[botar(MWhbtb
Wrnutar[ita` Wrnnt[pbtm) ]
ltnnos[ijlouha(*àju*)D
[ltnnos[àju[bhh[hyjbìl[ita`s(Whbtb Wrnutar[ita`
Wrnnt[pbtm)D
S
KQQ
Q `poaàjt mnn2[fonl2[oist[botar() tn pntajtibooy ra`n$a fonl2s"
Q
Q Xmis a0ists ij nrhar tn rapoilbta Hrupbo L*s jn fonl2s
fujltinjboity"
- (2<;) -
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[fonl2[oist[botar(MWfonl2s) ]
Wlmal2 J hrupbo[stbtil(*ltnnos[sat[jn[fonl2s* XVAE)D
if (iWlmal2) ]
fnrablm (Wfonl2s bs Wfonl2[ih JT Wfonl2) ]
KK Utnhn << pnssifoy wa lbj sat lnjfikurbtinj fnr tmis sn tmbt
usars lbj
KK spalify wmilm fonl2s wioo jnt kat rajharah"
if (strpns(Wfonl2<Trakinj *sihafbr*) iJJ &#\E) ]
ujsat(Wfonl2s_Wfonl2[ihP)
DS
S
S
S
KQQ
Q `poaàjts mnn2[`nhuoas[ajbfoah()"
Q
Q Coabr lblmas fnr hataltijk jaw poukijs"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[`nhuoas[ajbfoah(W`nhuoas) ]
ltnnos[ijlouha(*poukijs*)D
ltnnos[kat[poukijs[rasat()D
lblma[loabr[boo(*ltnnos[poukij[fioas3* *lblma* XVAE)D
S
- (2<=) -
KQQ
Q `poaàjts mnn2[`nhuoas[hisbfoah()"
Q
Q Coabr lblmas fnr ra`n$ijk hisbfoah poukijs"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[`nhuoas[hisbfoah(W`nhuoas) ]
ltnnos[ijlouha(*poukijs*)D
ltnnos[kat[poukijs[rasat()D
lblma[loabr[boo(*ltnnos[poukij[fioas3* *lblma* XVAE)D
S
KQQ
Q @aju tmaà lboofbl2"
Q
Q Xmis si`poy ajsuras tmbt =bjaos bjb0 lboos bra rajharah ij tma
sbà
Q tmaà bs tma nrikijbo pbka tn pra$ajt "lss fioa lnjfusinj"
Q
Q Xn usa tmis sat tmis bs tma tmaà lboofbl2 nj #+#8 raobtah àju
Q ita`s" \ijla tma bjb0 pbka stbta wnj*t fa sajt hurijk
bjb0 ra1uasts
Q it smnuoh fa sbfa tn usa a$aj if bjb0 isj*t ij$n2ah"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[bjb0[tmaà[lboofbl2() ]
- (2<4) -
if (ia`pty(W[=E\X_*bjb0[pbka[stbta*P_*tmaà*P))
] raturj W[=E\X_*bjb0[pbka[stbta*P_*tmaà*PD
S
S
KQQ
Q `poaàjts mnn2[ltnnos[ajtity[lnjta0t[botar()"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[ltnnos[ajtity[lnjta0t[botar(MWpoukij MWajtity
Wpoukij[ih) ]
ltnnos[ijlouha(*lnjta0t*)
D switlm (Wpoukij[ih) ]
lbsa *ajtity[ih3tb0njn`y[tar`*3
Wpoukij_*jn ui*P J XVAED
frab2D
lbsa *ajtity3usar*3
Wpoukij J ltnnos[kat[lnjta0t(*usar*)D
ujsat(Wpoukij_*jn ui*P)D
ujsat(Wpoukij_*jn ra1uirah lnjta0t
ui*P)D
frab2D
S
KK #ppoy rastriltinjs nj tb0njn`y tar` ra$arsa

raobtinjsmips wmnsa
KK rastriltinjs bra ij tma sattijks nj tma fiaoh"
- (289) -
if (ia`pty(Wpoukij_*pbrajt*P) MM
Wpoukij_*pbrajt*P JJ *ajtity[frn`[fiaoh* MM
ia`pty(Wpoukij_*ra$arsa*P) MM
Wpoukij_*tn ajtity*P JJ *tb0njn`y[tar`*) ]
Wfiaoh J fiaoh[ijfn[fiaoh(Wpoukij_*fiaoh jbà*P)D
if (issat(Wfiaoh_*sattijks*P_*boonwah[$bouas*P_9P_*$nlbfuobry*P)) ]
Wpoukij_*ra1uirah lnjta0t*P<Trastriltinjs J
brrby(*$nlbfuobry*
JT
brrby(Wfiaoh_*sattijks*P_*boonwah[$bouas*P_9P_*$nlbfuobry*P))D S
S
S
Cnha fnr jstboobtinj3
Gpmp
KQQ
Q Ufioa
Q Cnjtbijs ijstboo bjh uphbta fujltinjs fnr ltnnos"
QK
KQQ
Q Asa ra1uiraàjts tn ajsura tmbt tma CXnnos C\\ lblma hiraltnry
lbj fa
Q lrabtah bjh tmbt tma =6= $arsinj ra1uiraàjt is àt"
- (282) -
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[ra1uiraàjts(Wpmbsa) ]
Wra1uiraàjts J brrby()D
if (Wpmbsa JJ *rujtià*)
]
Wra1uiraàjts_*ltnnos[lss[lblma*P J brrby(
*titoa* JT t(*CXnnos C\\ Cblma*)
*sa$arity* JT VERAVE@EX[EY
*$boua* JT t(*E0ists*)
)D
Wpbtm J *pufoil3KKltnnosKlss*D
if (ifioa[prapbra[hiraltnry(Wpbtm &E[CVE#XE[HVECXEV:)) ]
Wra1uiraàjts_*ltnnos[lss[lblma*P_*haslriptinj*P J t(*Xma
CXnnos C\\ lblma hiraltnry Zpbtm lnuoh jnt fa lrabtah hua tn b
ìslnjfikurah fioas hiraltnry" =oabsa ajsura tmbt tma fioas
hiraltnry is lnrraltoy lnjfikurah bjh tmbt tma wafsar$ar mbs
parìssinj tn lrabta hiraltnrias"* brrby(*Zpbtm* JT
fioa[uri[tbrkat(Wpbtm)))D
Wra1uiraàjts_*ltnnos[lss[lblma*P_*sa$arity*P J
VERAVE@EX[EVVEVD
Wra1uiraàjts_*ltnnos[lss[lblma*P_*$boua*P J t(*Ajbfoa tn
lrabta*)D
S
if (ifujltinj[a0ists(*arrnr[kat[obst*)) ]
Wra1uiraàjts_*ltnnos[pmp[4*P_*titoa*P J t(*CXnnos
=6=
- (286) -
ra1uiraàjts*)D
Wra1uiraàjts_*ltnnos[pmp[4*P_*haslriptinj*P J
t(*CXnnos ra1uiras lartbij fabturas njoy b$biobfoa ij =6= 4""9 nr
mikmar"*)D
Wra1uiraàjts_*ltnnos[pmp[4*P_*sa$arity*P J
VERAVE@EX[;#VGD
Wra1uiraàjts_*ltnnos[pmp[4*P_*$boua*P J t(*=6=
i$arsinj* brrby(*i$arsinj* JT pmp$arsinj()))D
S
S
raturj
Wra1uiraàjtsD S
KQQ
Q `poaàjts mnn2[slma`b()"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[slma`b() ]
raturj
ltnnos[slma`b[B()D
S
KQQ
Q >arsinj B nf tma CXnnos slma`b"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[slma`b[B() ]
Wslma`b J ltnnos[slma`b[()D
- (28<) -
KK uphbta tma *nfj* fiaoh tn fa 1/ fytas onjk3

Wslma`b_*ltnnos[nfjalt[lblma*P_*fiaohs*P_*nfj*P_*oajktm*P J 1/D
raturj
Wslma`bD S
KQQ
Q >arsinj  nf tma CXnnos slma`b"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[slma`b[() ]
Wslma`b J
ltnnos[slma`b[1()D
KK uphbta tma *jbà* fiaoh tn fa 1/ fytas onjk3

Wslma`b_*ltnnos[nfjalt[lblma*P_*fiaohs*P_*jbà*P_*oajktm*P J 1/D
KK Aphbta tma *hbtb* fiaoh tn fa typa *fonf*"

Wslma`b_*ltnnos[nfjalt[lblma*P_*fiaohs*P_*hbtb*P J brrby(
*typa* JT *fonf*
*siIa* JT *fik*
*haslriptinj* JT *\ariboiIah hbtb faijk stnrah"*
*sariboiIa* JT XVAE
)D
KK HE EX @EH&: X6\ X#FE << tmis hafijitinj is usah tn lrabta
- (288) -
tma tbfoa"
KK Cmbjkas tn tmis tbfoa ùst fa `bha ij slma`b[B nr mikmar"
Wslma`b_*ltnnos[lss[lblma*P J brrby(
*haslriptinj* JT *# spalibo lblma usah tn stnra C\\ tmbt ùst
fa jnj<$nobtioa"*
*fiaohs* JT brrby(
*lih* JT brrby(
*typa* JT *$brlmbr*
*oajktm* JT *1/*
*haslriptinj* JT *Xma C\\ H tmis lblma nfjalt faonjks tn"*
*jnt juoo* JT XVAE
)
*fioajbà* JT brrby(
*oajktm* JT *44*
*haslriptinj* JT *Xma fioajbà tmis C\\ is stnrah ij"*
)
*lss* JT brrby(
*typa* JT *ta0t*
*siIa* JT *fik*
*haslriptinj* JT *C\\ faijk stnrah"*
)
*fiotar* JT brrby(
*typa* JT *ijt*
- (281) -
*siIa* JT *tijy*
*haslriptinj* JT *;matmar nr jnt tmis C\\ jaahs tn fa
fiotarah"*
)
)
*pri`bry 2ay* JT brrby(*lih*)
)D
raturj
Wslma`bD S
KQQ
Q CXnnos* ijitibo slma`bD sapbrbtah fnr tma purpnsas nf uphbtas"
Q
Q HE EX @#YE C6#GE\ 6EVE" Xmis slma`b $arsinj is onl2ah"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[slma`b[1() ]
Wslma`b_*ltnnos[nfjalt[lblma*P J brrby(
*haslriptinj* JT t(*# spalibo lblma usah tn stnra nfjalts
tmbt bra faijk ahitahD it sar$as tn sb$a stbta ij bj nrhijbrioy
stbtaoass aj$irnjàjt"*)
*fiaohs* JT brrby(
*sih* JT brrby(
*oajktm* JT *L*
- (285) -

*haslriptinj* JT *Xma sassinj H tmis lblma nfjalt faonjks
tn"*
)
*jbà* JT brrby(
*oajktm* JT *B*
*haslriptinj* JT *Xma jbà nf tma nfjalt tmis lblma
is bttblmah tn"*
)
*nfj* JT brrby(
*oajktm* JT *B*
*haslriptinj* JT *Xma typa nf tma nfjalt tmis lblma
is bttblmah tnD tmis assajtibooy raprasajts tma nwjar sn tmbt
sa$arbo suf<systa`s lbj usa tmis lblma"*
)
*uphbtah* JT brrby(
*typa* JT *ijt*
*ujsikjah* JT XVAE
*hafbuot* JT 9
*haslriptinj* JT *Xma tià tmis lblma wbs lrabtah nr
- (28;) -
uphbtah"*
)
*hbtb* JT brrby(
*typa* JT *ta0t*
*siIa* JT *fik*
)
)
*pri`bry 2ay* JT brrby(*sih* *nfj* *jbà*)
*ijha0as* JT brrby(*uphbtah* JT brrby(*uphbtah*))
)D
raturj
Wslma`bD S
KQQ
Q `poaàjts mnn2[ijstboo()"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[ijstboo() ]
KK #lti$bta nur lustn` lblma mbjhoar fnr tma C\\ lblma"
$bribfoa[sat(*lblma[lobss[lblma[ltnnos[lss*
*CXnnosCssCblma*)D S
KQQ
Q `poaàjts mnn2[ujijstboo()"
- (28=) -
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[ujijstboo() ]
$bribfoa[hao(*lblma[lobss[lblma[ltnnos[lss*)D
S
KQQ
Q Ejobrka tma ltnnos[nfjalt[lblma"jbà lnou`j tn
pra$ajt trujlbtinj bjh wairh
Q arrnrs"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[uphbta[L991() ]
KK =arfnr` uphbtas oi2a tmis tn rahula lnha hupoilbtinj"
Wslma`b J ltnnos[slma`b[()D
hf[lmbjka[fiaoh(*ltnnos[nfjalt[lblma* *jbà* *jbà*

Wslma`b_*ltnnos[nfjalt[lblma*P_*fiaohs*P_*jbà*P)D
S
KQQ
Q #hh tma jaw lss lblma tbfoa"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[uphbta[L99() ]
KK \lma`b  is onl2ah bjh smnuoh jnt fa
lmbjkah" Wslma`b J ltnnos[slma`b[()D
- (284) -
hf[lrabta[tbfoa(*ltnnos[lss[lblma* Wslma`b_*ltnnos[lss[lblma*P)D
KQQ
Q Xb2a n$ar fnr tma pbjaos[$iaws `nhuoa if it wbs nj"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[uphbta[L99B() ]
Wrasuot J hf[1uary(*\EECX stbtus &VE@ ]systa`S ;6EVE
jbà J 3jbà* brrby(*3jbà* JT *pbjaos[$iaws*))<Tfatlm&iaoh()D
if (Wrasuot) ]
hf[haoata(*systa`*)<Tlnjhitinj(*jbà* *pbjaos[$iaws*)<
Ta0aluta()D
`nhuoa[ajbfoa(brrby(*$iaws[lnjtajt*) XVAE)D
S
S
KQQ
Q #hh pri`bry 2ay tn tma ltnnos[nfjalt[lblma tbfoa"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[uphbta[L99() ]
hf[bhh[pri`bry[2ay(*ltnnos[nfjalt[lblma* brrby(*sih* *nfj*
*jbà*))D
hf[hrnp[ijha0(*ltnnos[nfjalt[lblma* *sih[nfj[jbà*)D
S
- (219) -
KQQ
Q Va`n$ah uphbta"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[uphbta[L994()
] raturj brrby()D
S
KQQ
Q ltnnos[lustn`[lnjtajt tbfoa wbs nrikijbooy mara fut is jnw
`n$ah tn
Q its nwj `nhuoa"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[uphbta[L99() ]
Wrat J brrby()D
if (hf[tbfoa[a0ists(*ltnnos[lustn`[lnjtajt*)) ]
KK Ejbfoa tma `nhuoa tn `b2a a$arytmijk bs sabòass
bs pnssifoa"
`nhuoa[ajbfoa(brrby(*ltnnos[lustn`[lnjtajt*) XVAE)D
S
raturj
WratD S
KQQ
- (212) -
Q ltnnos[nfjalt[lblma jaahs tn fa hafijah bs b fonf"

QK
fujltinj ltnnos[uphbta[L99/() ]
hf[haoata(*ltnnos[nfjalt[lblma*)
<Ta0aluta()D
hf[lmbjka[fiaoh(*ltnnos[nfjalt[lblma* *hbtb* *hbtb* brrby(

*typa* JT *fonf*
*siIa* JT *fik*
)
)D
S
KQQ
Q Ejbfoa tma lustn` C\\ lblma mbjhoar"
QK
fujltinj ltnnos[uphbta[999() ]
$bribfoa[sat(*lblma[lobss[lblma[ltnnos[lss*
*CXnnosCssCblma*)D S
KQQ
Q jlrabsa tma oajktm nf tma ltnnos[nfjalt[lblma"nfj lnou`j"
QK
- (216) -
fujltinj ltnnos[uphbta[991() ]
hf[lmbjka[fiaoh(*ltnnos[nfjalt[lblma* *nfj* *nfj* brrby(
*oajktm* JT *1/*
*haslriptinj* JT *Xma typa nf tma nfjalt tmis lblma is bttblmah
tnD tmis assajtibooy raprasajts tma nwjar sn tmbt sa$arbo
suf< systa`s lbj usa tmis lblma"*
))D
S
Cnha nf >iaw Cnjtajt3

Gpmp
KQQ
Q Ufioa $iaws[lnjtajt"`nhuoa
Q
Q =rn$ihas $iaws bs pbjaos lnjtajt lnjfikurbfoa fy
tma bhìjistrbtnr"
Q Eblm $iaw prn$ihah bs pbjao lnjtajt ùst fa lnjfikurah ij
bh$bjla
Q fut njla lnjfikurah fuiohijk pbjaos witm $iaws is b oittoa fit
si`poar"
QK
- (21<) -
KQQ
QK
fujltinj $iaws[lnjtajt[àju() ]
Wita`s J brrby()D
if (i`nhuoa[a0ists(*pbjaos*)) ]
Wita`s_*bhìjKlnjfikKlnjtajt<$iaws*P J brrby(
*titoa* JT *>iaws pbjas*
*bllass brkuàjts* JT brrby(*bhìjistar $iaws lnjtajt
poukij*)
*pbka brkuàjts* JT brrby(*$iaws[lnjtajt[bhìj[pbka*)
*haslriptinj* JT *Cnjfikura >iaws tn fa usah bs
CXnnos lnjtajt"*
*typa* JT @EA[EV@#[XE@
)D
S
raturj
Wita`sD S
KQQ
Q `poaàjtbtinj nf mnn2[ltnnos[poukij[hiarltnry() tn oat
tma systa` 2jnw
- (218) -
Q wmara nur lnjtajt[typa poukijs bra"

QK
fujltinj $ aws[lnjtajt[ltnnos[pouk
j[hiraltnry(Wnwjar Wpoukij[typa) ]
if (Wnwjar JJ *ltnnos*) ]
raturj *poukijsK* "
Wpoukij[typaD S
S
KQQ
Q Hnj*t smnw >iaws* fonl2sD wa a0pnsa tma` borabhy"
QK
fujltinj $iaws[ltnnos[fonl2[ijfn(W`nhuoa Whaotb MWijfn) ]
if (stroaj(Whaotb) JJ B) ]
Wmbsmas J $bribfoa[kat(*$iaws[fonl2[mbsmas* brrby())D
if (ia`pty(Wmbsmas_WhaotbP)) ]
Whaotb J
Wmbsmas_WhaotbPD S
S
if (sufstr(Whaotb 9 1) iJ *<*)
] Wijfn J AD
S
aosa ]
Wijfn_*lbtaknry*P J t(*>iaws*)D
- (211) -
Wijfn_*ilnj*P J *ilnj[$iaws[fonl2[oakbly"pjk*D
Wijfn_*pbtm*P J hrupbo[kat[pbtm(*`nhuoa* *$iaws[lnjtajt*)D
Wijfn_*ahit fnr`*P J *$iaws[lnjtajt[a0pnsah[fnr`[pbja[ahit*D
Wijfn_*bhh fnr`*P J *$iaws[lnjtajt[a0pnsah[fnr`[pbja[ahit*D
W jfn_*rajhar lb fbl2*P J
*$iaws[lnjtajt[a0pnsah[fnr`[pbja[rajhar*D
S
S
KQQ
Q #hh sattijks tn tma a0pnsah fnr` ij fonl2 $iaws"
QK
fujltinj
$iaws[lnjtajt[a0pnsah[fnr`[pbja[ahit(Wfnr` MWfnr`[stbta) ]
KK Xmis is b lmaasy wby tn bhh hafbuots njoy tn jaw $arsinjs nf

tma fonl2
KK fut oab$a nohar fonl2s witmnut tma sattijk bonja" ;a lbj taoo
falbusa
KK boo nohar lnjtajt wioo mb$a snàtmijk sat fnr
n$arriha[titoa wmilm is
KK tma njoy pra<a0istijk sattijk"
f ( ssat(Wfnr`[stbta_*lnjf P_ ijmarit[pbtm P) MM
issat(Wfnr`[stbta_*lnjf*P_*n$arriha[titoa*P)) ]
Wfnr`[stbta_*lnjf*P_*ijmarit[pbtm*P J
XVAED S
- (215) -
Wfnr`_*ijmarit[pbtm*P J brrby(
*typa* JT *lmal2fn0*
*titoa* JT t(*jmarit pbtm*)
*hafbuot[$boua* JT ia`pty(Wfnr`[stbta_*lnjf*P_*ijmarit[pbtm*P)
)D
raturj
Wfnr`D S
KQQ
Q \tnra hbtb fnr tma a0pnsah fnr` ij fonl2 sattijks pbka"
QK
fujltinj $iaws[lnjtajt[a0pnsah[fnr`[pbja[ahit[sufìt(Wfnr`
MWfnr`[stbta) ]
Wfnr`[stbta_*lnjf*P_*ijmarit[pbtm*P J Wfnr`[stbta_*$bouas*P
_*ijmarit[pbtm*P
DS
KQQ
Q Vajhar fujltinj fnr *spalibo* $iaw fonl2s"
Q
Q ;a tnn2 n$ar tma rajhar fnr tma spalibo $iaw fonl2s sn tmbt wa
lnuoh
Q bhh nptinjs tn it"
- (21;) -
QK
fujltinj
$iaws[lnjtajt[a0pnsah[fnr`[pbja[rajhar(Wsuftypa Wlnjf
Wpbjao[brks Wlnjta0ts) ]
Whaotb J str[rapobla(*$iaws<* ** Wsuftypa)D
if (stroaj(Whaotb) JJ B) ]
Wmbsmas J $bribfoa[kat(*$iaws[fonl2[mbsmas* brrby())D
if (ia`pty(Wmbsmas_WhaotbP)) ]
Whaotb J
Wmbsmas_WhaotbPD S
S
oist(Wjntmijk Wtypa Wjbà Whispoby[ih) J a0ponha(*<* Whaotb)D

KK =ut tma < fbl2 nj" &nr $iaws spalibo fonl2s tma first
lmbrbltar
is bowbys < fut
KK tma a0ponha 2iooah it" nta tmbt tmis lnha is `nstoy lnpiah frn`
$iaws[fonl2()"
Wtypa J *<* " WtypaD
if (W$iaw J $iaws[kat[$iaw(Wjbà)) ]
if (W$iaw<Tbllass(Whispoby[ih)) ]
if (ia`pty(Wlnjf_*ijmarit[pbtm*P)) ]
W$iaw<Tn$arriha[pbtm J W[GEX_*1*PD
S
W$iaw<Tsat[hispoby(Whispoby[ih)D
- (21=) -
if (issat(W$iaw<Thispoby[mbjhoar)) ]
Wfonl2 J (nfjalt) W$iaw<Thispoby[mbjhoar<
T$iaw[spalibo[fonl2s(Wtypa)
D raturj Wfonl2D
S
S
W$iaw<Thastrny()D
S
S
KQQ
Q `poaàjts mnn2[$iaws[bpi()"
Q
Q Xmis nja is usah bs tma fbsa tn rahula arrnrs wmaj uphbtijk"
QK
fujltinj $iaws[lnjtajt[$iaws[bpi()
] raturj brrby(
*bpi* JT 
*pbtm* JT hrupbo[kat[pbtm(*`nhuoa* *$iaws[lnjtajt*) "
*KpoukijsK$iaws*
)D
S
KQQ
Q =bka lboofbl2 tn prn$iha tma fbsil bhìjistrbtinj fnr`"
- (214) -
QK
fujltinj $iaws[lnjtajt[bhìj[pbka() ]
Wfnr` J brrby()D
$iaws[lnjtajt[bhìj[fnr`(Wfnr`)D
raturj systa`[sattijks[fnr`(Wfnr`)D
S
fujltinj $iaws[lnjtajt[bhìj[fnr`(MWfnr`)
] Wfnr`_*ltnnos[lnjtajt[boo[$iaws*P J brrby(
*typa* JT *lmal2fn0*
*titoa* JT t(*@b2a boo $iaws b$biobfoa bs pbjas*)
*haslriptinj* JT t(f lmal2ah boo $iaws wioo fa `bha b$biobfoa
bs lnjtajt pbjas tn fa bhhah tn lnjtajt typas" f jnt lmal2ah
njoy >iaws tmbt mb$a b *Cnjtajt pbja* hispoby wioo fa b$biobfoa
bs lnjtajt pbjas" Ajlmal2 tmis if ynu wbjt tn fa bfoa tn
`nra lbrafuooy lnjtrno wmbt $iaw lnjtajt is b$biobfoa tn usars
usijk tma pbjaos obynut A")

*hafbuot[$boua* JT $bribfoa[kat(*ltnnos[lnjtajt[boo[$iaws*
XVAE)
)D
S
KQQ
Q #= fujltinj tn kat tma $iaw"
- (259) -
QK
fujltinj $iaws[lnjtajt[lnjta0t[kat[$iaw(MWlnjta0t) ]
if (a`pty(Wlnjta0t<T$iaw) ^^ kat[lobss(Wlnjta0t<T$iaw) JJ
*[[=6=[jln`poata[Cobss*) ]
Wlnjta0t<T$iaw J $iaws[kat[$iaw(Wlnjta0t<Thbtb_*jbà*P)D
if (Wlnjta0t<T$iaw) ]
Wlnjta0t<T$iaw<Tsat[hispoby(Wlnjta0t<Thbtb_*hispoby*P)D
Wlnjta0t<T$iaw<Tsat[brkuàjts(Wlnjta0t<Thbtb_*brks*P)D
S
S
raturj
Wlnjta0t<T$iawD S
KQQ
Q #= fujltinj tn kat tma $iaw"
QK
fujltinj $iaws[lnjtajt[lnjta0t[kat[nutput(MWlnjta0t) ]
if (a`pty(Wlnjta0t<Tnutput)) ]
W$iaw J $iaws[lnjtajt[lnjta0t[kat[$iaw(Wlnjta0t)D
Wlnjta0t<Tnutput J
W$iaw<Ta0aluta[hispoby(Wlnjta0t<
Thbtb_*hispoby*P)
DS
raturj Wlnjta0t<TnutputD
- (252) -
KQQ
Q Gat tma titoa tn hispoby fnr b $iaws lnjtajt hispoby fnr pbja nr
lnjta0t"
QK
fujltinj $iaws[lnjtajt[kat[hispoby[titoa(W$iaw Whispoby[ih
Wnptinj J *pbja[titoa*) ]
Wmbjhoar J W$iaw<Thispoby_Whispoby[ihP<TmbjhoarD
Wtitoa J Wmbjhoar<Tkat[nptinj(Wnptinj)D
if (iWtitoa) ]
if (Wmbjhoar<Thispoby<Thispoby[titoa JJ
Wmbjhoar< Thafijitinj_*titoa*P) ]
Wtitoa J t(*>iaw3 U$iaw* brrby(*U$iaw* JT W$iaw<
Tkat[mu`bj[jbà()))
DS
aosa ]
Wtitoa J t(*>iaw3 U$iaw3 Uhispoby* brrby(*U$iaw* JT
W$iaw< Tkat[mu`bj[jbà() *Uhispoby* JT
Wmbjhoar<Thispoby< Thispoby[titoa))D
S
S
raturj
WtitoaD S
- (256) -
KQQ
Q Gat tma prnpar obfao fnr b hispoby"
Q
Q >iaws rajbàh tma hafbuot tn @bstar fut it lbj stioo mb$a b
lnjiltijk
Q hispoby titoa" &i0 tmbt"
QK
fujltinj $iaws[lnjtajt[kat[hispoby[obfao(W$iaw Whispoby[ih) ]
Wtitoa J Whispoby[ih JJ *hafbuot* G t(*@bstar*) 3 W$
aw<
Thispoby_Whispoby[ihP<Thispoby[titoaD
raturj WtitoaD
S
KQQ
Q Gat tma lmioh poukij fnr b $iaw lnjta0t hispoby"
Q
Q Xmis lbj raturj fntm tma lnjta0t bjh raobtinjsmip styoa" Xma
Q Wra1uirah pbrbàtar is usah tn histijkuism if lnjta0t is ra1uirah
Q nr jnt sn wa 2jnw wmatmar wa jaah it suitbfoa bs b
pura lnjta0t
Q (i"a jn lnjta0t ra1uirah) nr b raobtinjsmip (i"a
lnjta0t ra1uirah)"
QK
fujltinj [$iaws[lnjtajt[kat[lnjta0t[frn`[hispoby(W$iaw Wih
- (25<) -
Wpbrajt Wra1uirah J XVAE) ]

Wtitoa J $iaws[lnjtajt[kat[hispoby[titoa(W$iaw Wih
*bhìj[titoa*)D
Whaslriptinj J W$iaw<ThaslriptinjD
Wbrkuàjts J W$iaw<Thispoby[mbjhoar<Tkat[brkuàjt[ijput()D
ltnnos[ijlouha(*$iaws*)D
fnrablm (Wbrkuàjts bs Wbrkuàjt) ]
Wbrkuàjt_*obfao*P J Wbrkuàjt_*jbà*P G Wbrkuàjt_*jbà*P 3
**D
Wlnjta0ts_P J ltnnos[$iaws[kat[brkuàjt[lnjta0t(Wbrkuàjt)D
S
Wpbss J &#\ED
if (Wra1uirah) ]
KK f lnjta0t is ra1uirah `b2a sura wa mb$a bt oabst
nja nptinjbo
KK nr ra1uirah lnjta0t"
fnrablm (Wlnjta0ts bs Wlnjta0t) ]
if (is[nfjalt(Wlnjta0t)) ]
Wpbss J XVAED
frab2D
S
- (258) -
if (iWpbss) ]
raturjD
S
S
aosa ]
KK f lnjta0t is jnt ra1uirah tmaj mb$ijk bjy ra1uirah lnjta0t
KK lbusas b fbio"
fnrablm (Wlnjta0ts bs Wlnjta0t) ]
if (is[nfjalt(Wlnjta0t) MM kat[lobss(Wlnjta0t) JJ
*ltnnos[lnjta0t[ra1uirah*) ]
raturjD
S
S
KK \ijla wa 2jnw wa hnj*t wbjt lnjta0ts wa bj ujsat tmis jnw"

S
if (Wra1uirah) ]
Wfujltinj J
*$iaws[lnjtajt[$iaw[frn`[brkuàjt[lnjta0t*D S
aosa ]
Wfujltinj J *$iaws[lnjtajt[lnjta0t[$iaw[lrabta*D
- (251) -
raturj brrby(
*titoa* JT Wtitoa
*haslriptinj* JT fiotar[0ss[bhìj(Whaslriptinj)
*ra1uirah lnjta0t* JT Wlnjta0ts
*2aywnrh* JT *$iaw*
*lnjta0t* JT Wfujltinj
*lnjta0t jbà* JT W$iaw<Tjbà
*jbà* JT Wpbrajt " *3* " W$iaw<Tjbà " *<* " Wih
*$iaw jbà* JT W$iaw<Tjbà
*$iaw hispoby ih* JT Wih
)D
S
KQQ
Q `poaàjts mnn2[kat[pbja[oij2s[botar()"
QK
fujltinj $iaws[lnjtajt[kat[pbja[oij2s[botar(MWoij2s Wpbja
Wlnjtajt[typa) ]
if (Wpbja<Ttypa JJJ *$iaws[pbjas*) ]
oist(W$iaw[jbà Whispoby[jbà) J a0ponha( <*
Wpbja< Tsuftypa)D
Whastijbtinj J brrby(*hastijbtinj* JT lurrajt[pbtm())D
Woij2s_*tnp*P_P J brrby(
- (255) -
*titoa* JT t(*Ehit $iaw*)

*mraf* JT uro(*bhìjKstrulturaK$iawsK$iawK* " W$iaw[jbà "
*KahitK* " Whispoby[jbà brrby(*1uary* JT Whastijbtinj *bfsnouta*
JT XVAE))
)D
S
S
Cnha nf mtò"tpo"pmp
iHECX:=E mtò =AFC <KK;BCKKHXH 86X@VH&b 1"9KKE

mttp3KKwww"wB"nrkK@br2ApKHXHK0mtò<rhfb<1"hthT
mtò 0òjsJmttp3KKwww"wB"nrkK1999K0mtò 0ò3objkJGpmp
prijt Wobjkubka<TobjkubkaD GT $arsinjJ86X@VH&b 1"9
h rJGpmp pr jt W bjkubka<Th rD GTGpmp pr
jt Wrhf[jbàspblasD GTT
mabhT
Gpmp prijt WmabhD GT
titoaTGpmp prijt Wmabh[titoaD GTKtitoaT
Gpmp prijt WstyoasD GT
Gpmp prijt WslriptsD GT
KmabhT
fnhy lobssJGpmp prijt WlobssasD GTGpmp prijt
WbttrifutasD GTT
Gpmp prijt Wpbka[tnpD GT
- (25;) -
Gpmp prijt WpbkaD GT

Gpmp prijt Wpbka[fnttn`D GT
KfnhyT
KmtòT
Cnha nf =bka"tpo"pmp
hi$ ihJwrbpparT
i<< snlibofbr \tbrts <<T
Gpmp if (Whispoby)3 GT
hi$ ihJsnlibofbrT
uo lobssJsnliboT
Gpmp Wnptinjs_*bttrifutas*P J brrby(*tbrkat* JT *[fobj2*)D GT
Gpmp if (Wfblafnn2)3 GToi lobssJffTGpmp prijt
o(t(*fblafnn2*) Wfblafnn2 Wnptinjs)D GTKoiT Gpmp ajhifD GT
Gpmp if (Wtwittar)3 GToi lobssJtwTGpmp prijt
o(t(*twittar*) Wtwittar Wnptinjs)D GTKoiT Gpmp ajhifD GT
Gpmp if (Woij2ahij)3 GToi lobssJojTGpmp prijt
o(t(*oij2ahij*) Woij2ahij Wnptinjs)D GTKoiT Gpmp ajhifD GT
KuoT
Khi$T
Gpmp ajhifD GT
i<< snlibofbr Ejhs <<T
i<< 6abhar \tbrts <<T
- (25=) -
hi$ ihJmabhar lobssJloabrfi0T

Gpmp if (Wonkn ^^ Wsita[sonkbj)3 GT
hi$ ihJonkn[sonkbj[wrbpparT
i<< onkn \X#VX <<T
Gpmp if (Wonkn)3 GT
hi$ ihJonknT
b mrafJGpmp prijt Wfrnjt[pbkaD GT titoaJGpmp prijt
t(*6nà*)D GTTi`k srlJGpmp prijt WonknD GT botJGpmp
prijt t(*6nà*)D GT KTKbT
Khi$T
Gpmp ajhifD GT
i<< onkn Ejhs <<T
i<< sita sonkbj \tbrts <<T

Gpmp if (Wsita[sonkbj)3 GT
hi$ ihJsitajbàT
pTGpmp prijt Wsita[sonkbjD GTKpTi<<sita sonkbj<<T
Khi$T
Gpmp ajhifD GT
i<< sita sonkbj Ejhs <<T
Khi$T
Gpmp ajhifD GT
i<< jb$ikbtinj \X#VX <<T

hi$ ihJjb$ikbtinj lobssJloabrfi0T
- (254) -
hi$ ihJ`bij<àjuT
Gpmp prijt hrupbo[rajhar(W`bij[àju[traa)D GT
Khi$T
Khi$T
i<< jb$ikbtinj Ejhs <<T
Khi$T
i<< 6abhar Ejhs <<T
i<< \oihar \tbrts <<T

Gpmp if (Wsoihasmnw[hispoby)3 GT
hi$ ihJsoiharT
hi$ ih Jsoiha lobssJ`bij[$iawT
hi$ lobssJsoiha<brabT
hi$ ihJhi$ihar[wrbpparThi$
ihJhi$iharTKhi$TKhi$T
hi$ lobssJsoiha[i`bkaT
Gpmp prijt Wsoihai`bka1D GT
Gpmp prijt Wsoihai`bkaD GT
Gpmp prijt Wsoihai`bkaBD GT
Khi$T
Gpmp if (Wsoiha1[titoa ^^ Wsoiha1[hasl)3GT

hi$ lobssJhaslriptinjs styoaJhispoby3 jnjaDT
hi$ lobssJhasl T
hi$ lobssJhasl[tnp TGpmp prijt Wsoiha1[titoaD G
- (2;9) -
TKhi$T
hi$ lobssJhasl[fnttn` TGpmp prijt Wsoiha1[haslD G
TKhi$T
Khi$T
Khi$T
Gpmp ajhifD GT
Gpmp if (Wsoiha[titoa ^^ Wsoiha[hasl)3GT
hi$ lobssJhasl T
hi$ lobssJhasl[tnpTGpmp prijt Wsoiha[titoaD G
TKhi$T
hi$ lobssJhasl[fnttn`TGpmp prijt Wsoiha[haslD G
TKhi$T
Khi$T
Khi$T
Gpmp ajhifD GT
Gpmp if (WsoihaB[titoa ^^ WsoihaB[hasl)3GT
hi$ lobssJhaslT
hi$ lobssJhasl[tnpTGpmp prijt WsoihaB[titoaD G
TKhi$T
hi$ lobssJhasl[fnttn`TGpmp prijt WsoihaB[haslD G
TKhi$T
Khi$T
Khi$T
- (2;2) -
Gpmp ajhifD GT
Khi$T
hi$ lobssJpbkijkT
b raoJ1 mrafJTKbT
b raoJ mrafJTKbT
b raoJB mrafJTKbT
Khi$T
Khi$T
Khi$T
Gpmp ajhifD GT
i<< \oihar Ejhs <<T
Gpmp prijt WàssbkasD GT

hi$ lobssJloabrTKhi$T
i<<Xmraa Cnou`j Fonl2s \tbrts <<T

Gpmp if (ia`pty(Wlno1titoa) ^^ ia`pty(Wlno1))3 Wju`1 J
1D ajhifD GT
Gpmp if (ia`pty(Wlnotitoa) ^^ ia`pty(Wlno))3 Wju` J 1D
ajhifD GT
Gpmp if (ia`pty(WlnoBtitoa) ^^ ia`pty(WlnoB))3 Wju`B J 1D
ajhifD GT
Gpmp
Wsu` J (issat(Wju`1) " issat(Wju`) " issat(Wju`B))D
Wrasuot J stroaj(Wsu`)D
- (2;6) -
if (Wrasuot JJ 1)3W$boua J njaDajhifD

if (Wrasuot JJ )3W$boua J twnDajhifD if
(Wrasuot JJ B)3W$boua J tmraaDajhifD
W$boua[trbio1 J 1D
if (Wrasuot JJ 1)3W$boua[trbio1 J obstDajhifD
W$boua[trbio J D
if (Wrasuot JJ )3W$boua[trbio J obstDajhifD
W$boua[trbioB J BD
if (Wrasuot JJ B)3W$boua[trbioB J obstDajhifD
GT
hi$ ihJlnou`j<lnjta0t lobssJloabrfi0 Gpmp prijt W$bouaD G
TT
hi$ ihJlnou`j<wrbppar lobssJloabrfi0 Gpmp prijt
W$bouaD GTT
Gpmp if(Wlno1titoa ^^ Wlno1)3 GT
hi$ lobssJlnou`j Gpmp prijt W$boua[trbio1D GTT
Gpmp if(Wlno1titoa)3 GT
mTGpmp prijt (Wlno1titoa)D GTKmT
Gpmp ajhifD GT
Gpmp if(Wlno1)3 GT
hi$ lobssJlno<lnjtajtT Gpmp prijt (Wlno1)D GT Khi$T
Gpmp ajhifD GT
Khi$T
Gpmp ajhifD GT
Gpmp if(Wlnotitoa ^^ Wlno)3 GT
- (2;<) -
hi$ lobssJlnou`j Gpmp prijt W$boua[trbioD GTT

Gpmp if(Wlnotitoa)3 GT
mTGpmp prijt (Wlnotitoa)D GTKmT
Gpmp ajhifD GT
Gpmp if(Wlno)3 GT
hi$ lobssJlno<lnjtajtT Gpmp prijt (Wlno)D GT Khi$T
Gpmp ajhifD GT
Khi$T
Gpmp ajhifD GT
Gpmp if(WlnoBtitoa ^^ WlnoB)3 GT
hi$ lobssJlnou`j Gpmp prijt W$boua[trbioBD GTT
Gpmp if(WlnoBtitoa)3 GT
mTGpmp prijt (WlnoBtitoa)D GTKmT
Gpmp ajhifD GT
Gpmp if(WlnoB)3 GT
hi$ lobssJlno<lnjtajtT Gpmp prijt (WlnoB)D GT Khi$T
Gpmp ajhifD GT
Khi$T
Gpmp ajhifD GT
Khi$T
Khi$T
i<<Xmraa Cnou`j Fonl2s Ejhs <<T
i<<;aolnà Fonl2s \tbrts <<T

Gpmp if (Wwtitoa ^^ Wwta0t)3GT
- (2;8) -
hi$ lobssJwaolnà[lnjtajtT
Gpmp if (Wwtitoa)3GT
hi$ lobssJwaolnàtitoaTmTGpmp prijt (Wwtitoa)D G
TKmTKhi$T
Gpmp ajhifD GT
Gpmp if (Wwta0t)3GT
hi$ lobssJwaolnàta0tTGpmp prijt (Wwta0t)D GTKhi$T
Gpmp ajhifD GT
Khi$T
Gpmp ajhifD GT
i<<;aolnà Fonl2s Ejhs <<T
i<<&nntar lnjta0t \tbrt <<T

hi$ ihJfnntar<lnjta0tT
i<<Fnttn` Fonl2s \tbrt <<T
Gpmp if (Wpbka_*fnttn`*P)3 GT
hi$ ihJfnntar<tnpT
Gpmp if (Wpbka_*fnttn`*P)3 GT
hi$ lobssJfnntar<fn0TGpmp prijt
rajhar(Wpbka_*fnttn`*P)D GTKhi$T
Gpmp ajhifD GT
Khi$T
Gpmp ajhifD GT
- (2;1) -
i<<Fnttn` Fonl2s Ejhs <<T
i<<&nntar \tbrt <<T

hi$ ihJfnntar<fnttn`T
Gpmp prijt rajhar(Wpbka_*fnntar*P) GT
Gpmp if (Wfnntar[lnpyrikmt ^^ Wfnntar[ha$aonpah)3 GT
hi$ ihJlnpyrikmtT
Gpmp if (Wfnntar[lnpyrikmt)3 GT
Gpmp prijt t(*Cnpyrikmt*)D GT MlnpyD Gpmp prijt hbta(:)D
GT Gpmp prijt Wsita[jbàD GT"
Gpmp ajhifD GT
Gpmp if (Wfnntar[ha$aonpah)3 GT
spbj lobssJha$aonpahTGpmp prijt t(*Hasikjah M
Ha$aonp fy*)D GT
b mrafJGpmp prijt (Wfnntar[ha$aonpahfy[uro)D GT
tbrkatJ[fobj2T
Gpmp prijt (Wfnntar[ha$aonpahfy)D GT
KbT
KspbjT
Gpmp ajhifD GT
Khi$T
Gpmp ajhifD GT
Khi$T
i<<&nntar Ejhs <<T
- (2;5) -
Khi$T
i<<&nntar lnjta0t Ejhs <<T
Khi$T
Cnha nf jnha"tpo"pmp
Gpmp if (iWpbka)3 GT
hi$ ihJjnha<Gpmp prijt Wjnha<TjihD GT lobssJGpmp
prijt WlobssasD GT loabrfi0Gpmp prijt WbttrifutasD GTT
Gpmp ajhifD GT
hi$T
Gpmp ajhifD GT
Gpmp prijt rajhar(Wtitoa[prafi0)D GT
m lobssJtitoa Gpmp prijt Wtitoa[bttrifutasD GTTb
mrafJGpmp prijt Wjnha uroD GTTGpmp prijt WtitoaD G
TKbTKmT
Gpmp ajhifD GT
Gpmp prijt rajhar(Wtitoa[suffi0)D GT
Gpmp if (Whispoby[sufìttah)3 GT
spbj lobssJsufìttahTGpmp prijt WsufìttahD G
TKspbjT
- (2;;) -
Gpmp ajhifD GT
Khi$T
Gpmp ajhifD GT
hi$ lobssJlnjtajt Gpmp prijt Wlobssas[brrby_*1*PD GTGpmp

prijt Wlnjtajt[bttrifutasD GTT
Gpmp
KK 6iha ln`àjts tbks bjh oij2s jnw sn tmbt wa lbj rajhar
tma` obtar"
miha(Wlnjtajt_*ln`àjts*P)D
miha(Wlnjtajt_*oij2s*P)D
prijt
rajhar(Wlnjtajt)D
GT
Khi$T
Gpmp if (ia`pty(Wlnjtajt_*oij2s*P))3 GT
hi$T
Gpmp prijt rajhar(Wlnjtajt_*oij2s*P)D GT
Khi$T
Gpmp ajhifD GT
Gpmp prijt rajhar(Wlnjtajt_*ln`àjts*P)D GT

- (2;=) -
Khi$T i<< K"jnha <<T

Gpmp ajhifD GT
- (2;4) -
*aearajlas bjh ifoinkrbpmy3
mttp$))www.ouahbrt.ln`)
mttp$))www.wb`psarvar.ln`)aj)
mttp$))www.pmp.jat)
• mttp$))www.tutnribospnijt.ln`)`ysqo)
• mttph.bpblma.nrk)hnls)7.)ìsl)tutnribos.mtò
- (2=9) -

@bjbka'ajt Xitoa Ne Tma Yrnjalt: Lnuriar /ysta'

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

@bjbka'ajt Xitoa Ne Tma Yrnjalt: Lnuriar /ysta'

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Lnuriar @bjbka`ajt \ysta`

Xitoa ne tma Yrnjalt

Djtrnhultinj tn Yurpnsa \ysta` (Lnuriar @bjbka`ajt \ysta`)

@ntibtinj famijh tmis prnjalt3

Fabturas ne Yurpnsah \ysta`3

Ln`putar systa` ne tma lnuriar sarvila prnviha ebst bllass.

tma hbtbbsas ij tma ln`putar systa` ne lnuriar sarvilas.

• +sijk tmis ln`putari9ah systa`, ioo issuah prnlahura aln`as ebst.

• It lnjtbij attar stnrbka lbpblity.

• 6bsy & ebst ratriavbo ne

ijenr`btinj. [aoo hasikjah rapnrts.

Dalrabsa tma onbh ne tma parsnj ijvnova ij a*istijk `bjubo systa`.

2llass ne bjy ijenr`btinj ijhivihubooy.

[nrg aln`as vary spaahy.

6bsy tn uphbta ijenr`btinj.

Wnrkijk ne $xistijk \ysta`3

Xmis is b vary i`pnrtbjt bspalt tn a lnjsiharah wmioa havaonpijk b prnjalt. [a halihah

' Xalmjilbo Fabsifioity

bioity tn blmiava bj bllaptboa systa`. <nr tmis eabsiioity stuhy, wa stuhiah

L' parbtinjbo Fabsifioity

2pblma \arvar 7.

• YHY =arsinj 5.0 nr bnva

• @y\:> =arsinj 5.5 nr bnva

• >btast rnwsar $ Lmnr`a, <iraen*, \bebri atl

• 8parbtijk \ysta` $ 2jy 5>iju*, [ijhnws, @bl atl;

Yrnlassnr Yajtiu` I= nr mikmar varsinj.

• 1b` 17I @( nr bnva

• Hbrh Disg 15 @( nr bnva

&ltiity Hibkrb` enr Lnuriar @bjbka`ajt \ysta`

Ln`pnjajt Hibkrb` enr Lnuriar @bjbka`ajt \ysta`

Hbtbeonw Hibkrb` enr Lnuriar @bjbka`ajt \ysta`

Lobss Hibkrb` enr Lnuriar @bjbka`ajt \ysta`

Hapony`ajt Hibkrb` enr Lnuriar @bjbka`ajt \ysta`

$jtity *aobtinjsmip Hibkrb` enr Lnuriar @bjbka`ajt \ysta`

Vaobtinjbo Hbtbfbsa @bjbka`ajt \ysta` (VHF@\) 3 Xmis is bj VHF@\

Briaf $jtrn%utinj b&nut RB\@ !

RB@\ r*itatura ibkrb`

+nnlsYlbtfnr`. /br%bra bj% \nftbra Rauira`ajt saibtinjs

\nftbra atbils fnr rujjijk -Ln``ara Ynrtbl

@nhao >iaw Cnjtrnooar nr @>C bs it is pnpuobroy lbooah is b snftwbra hasikj pbttarj

@L (@n%al ia Lnjtrnllar ln) ibkrb`

1" Vasabrlm bjh hafija assajtibo ln`pnjajts"

t lbj bssist tma stbff tn lnjlajtrbta nj tmair raobtah(fnr oifrbry)

Xma nrkbjiIbtinj wioo nf$inusoy fa bfoa tn kbij fajafits sulm

+*a $jitibl Lnst

aa% fnr +rbijijk

Xma usars bonjk witm tma bh`ijistrbtnr jaah tn fa trbijah bt

aaj%ijk unj t*is %ajitinj. wa bjboyIah tma prasajt

;a tbo2ah tn tma `bjbka`ajt panpoa wmn wara `bjbkijk

Xma `bjubo systa` wbs $ary ln`poa0 tn fa `bjbkah bjh

Xmara wbs b oajktmy prnlahura fnr ajtarijk tma hatbios nf

Xma ntmar prnfoa` witm tma `bjubo systa` wbs nf

bjh lboluobtinjs atl" Xmus Vapnrtijk @bjbkar mbh tn

j fabsifioity bjboysis wa mb$a tn stuhy tma fnoonwijk3

Xalmjilbo fabsifioity is lnjlarjah witm tma b$biobfioity nf

#ftar tma stuhy wa lb`a tn lnjlousinj tmbt wa

Eparbtinjbo fabsifioity is boo bfnut prnfoa`s tmbt `by

;mbt is tma prnfbfioity tmbt tma snoutinj ha$aonpah

• ;mbt is tma ijloijbtinj nf tma `bjbka`ajt bjh ajh

<) njn`i absi&ility!

t is tma `absura nf lnst affalti$ajass nf tma prnjalt" Xma

snoutinjs mb$a faaj ihajtifiah tma bjboyst waikms tma

1) >it*ij t*a nrkbjisbtinj! 6nw tma prnjalt is tn

1) >itij ta nrkbjisbtinj! 6nw tma prnjalt is tn

+a kajarbl tbsAs ijnla% ij ta %asikj rnass bra t*a