Lecture 2

Dr. Noor Badshah

Method of False Position/Regula Falsi Method
• Steps of the method:
• Choose two numbers 𝑎, 𝑏 such that 𝑓 𝑎 𝑓 𝑏 < 0 ⟹ 𝑎 < 𝛼 < 𝑏.
𝑎𝑓 𝑏 −𝑏𝑓 𝑎
• Set 𝑥𝑟 = .
𝑓 𝑏 −𝑓 𝑎
• If 𝑓 𝑥𝑟 = 0 then 𝛼 = 𝑥𝑟 and done.
• If 𝑓 𝑎 𝑓 𝑥𝑟 < 0 then 𝛼 ∈ (𝑎, 𝑥𝑟 ) and set 𝑥𝑟 = 𝑏 and go to step 2.
• If 𝑓 𝑏 𝑓 𝑥𝑟 < 0 then 𝛼 ∈ (𝑥𝑟 , 𝑏) and set 𝑥𝑟 = 𝑎 and go to step 2.
Stagnation of the end point
• It means that one end does not move.
• Make the convergence very slow.
Iterative Schemes:
• Simple Iteration Method/Fixed Point Method:
• Let an equation 𝑓 𝑥 = 0 has a root near 𝑥0 .
• Express 𝑓 𝑥 = 0 in the form 𝑥 = 𝜙(𝑥) and then set up the following
iterations:
𝑥𝑟+1 = 𝜙 𝑥𝑟 , 𝑟 = 0, 1, 2, … , 𝑛
• Let 𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 − 2 = 0, this equation can be expressed in the following
ways:
 ′
Condition for convergence: 𝜙 𝑥0 < 1.
Newton Raphson Method:
Secant Method
Method of Iterations