Test I.

Identification
1. Who wrote a book about societal collapse and the role of environmental factors in that
collapse. He concludes that “not all civilizations that collapsed in the past have done so because
of environment causes, but at least some have”.
 Jared Diamond
2. It involves raking the ocean floor for food on a large scale.
 Bottom Trawling
3. They can employ thousands of hooks at a time and catch lots of unwanted fish that are
discarded.
 Long Lines
4. It argues that the economic and technological development by neo-liberal economists can go
hand-in-hand with a decline in the negative effects on the environment that the focal concerns of
environmentalists.
 Ecological Modernization Theory
5. Give an example of Ecological Modernization Theory.
 Low-odor Paints
 Less Destructive Pesticide
6. A country that is a large and growing producer of ethanol.
 US
7. Businesses would pay a tax based on the amount of their carbon emissions from the use of
fossil fuels (e.g., oil, coal, and natural gas).
 Carbon tax
8. Because of its system of hydro-electric power and because its extensive train system tends to
reduce the use of cars and trucks this country has become the top in terms of its environmental
performance.
 Switzerland
9. It would generate no net greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.
 Carbon Neutral
10. It is being stocked with seeds from around the world. The idea is that in the event of dramatic
and unexpected climate changes, we cannot know in advance which seeds will survive and
thrive. Even in worst case scenarios, the hope is that some of these seeds stored in the Norwegian
vault will be the ones that save humanity from starvation.
  Doomsday Vault
Test II: Fill in the blanks.
1. A more recent proposal for helping to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases is the _______.
 Carbon tax
2. A better alternative source of energy is _______. One of its attractions is that it produces no
greenhouse gases. Another, especially in warmer climes, is that it produces its maximum energy
just when it is needed. That is, it produces the most energy on hot, sunny days and those are the
times of the greatest demand for energy to run air conditioners.
 Solar power
3. Talk of increased use of solar power is related to the growing interest these days in a
“_________” for at least some global environmental problems such as global warming.
 Technological fix
4. Environmentalists argue that __________ should be given priority over economic issues.
 Environmental Problem
5. A major environmental problem is the destruction of natural habitats, particularly through
_______.
 Deforestation