Binomial Theorem Top 500 Question Bank For Jee Main: Mathematics Mathongo

Binomial
Theorem Top 500 Question Bank for JEE Main

Mathematics MathonGo
10
Q1. If the constant term, in binomial expansion of (2x r

+
1
) is 180, then r (4) 1
2
x
is equal to Q11. When 2 301

is divided by 5, then find least positive remainder.
10
Q2. If the middle term in the expansion of ( is equal to 7 , then

1 7
x
+ x sin x)
8 Q12. If 53 53
− 33
3
is divided by 10, then the remainder obtained is
the number of values of x in [0, 2π] is equal to
Q13. The last digit of (2137) 754
is
20
Q3. In the expansion of (2 − 3x 3
) , if the ratio of 10 th term to 11 th term is 45
22
(1) 2
, then x is equal to (2) 3
(1) − 2
3
(3) 7
(2)
−3
2
(4) 9
(3) −√ 3 2
3
n
C0
n
C1
n
C2
n
Cn (n+1)
Q14. If 2
−
3
+
4
+ … . . +(−1)
n
n+2
=
2001×2000
1
, then 1000
is..
(4) −√ 3 3
n
Q15. Let m, n ∈ N and gcd(2, n) = 1. If
Q4. In the binomial expansion of (√2 + , the ratio of the 7 term from
3 1 th
)
3 30 30 30 30
√3
30 ( ) + 29 ( ) + …… + 2( ) + 1( ) = n.2
m
, then n + m is
the beginning to the 7 th
term from the end is 1 : 6, then the value of n is 0 1 28 29
equal to
(1) 13
n
(2) 16 ( Here ( ) =
n
Ck )
k
(3) 9 n
Q16. If a is the coefficient of x in the expansion of (1 + x + x
k
k 2
) for
(4) 23
k = 0, 1, 2, … . , 2n then value of
is:
100
Q5. If the number of terms in the expansion of (1 + x) 101
(1 + x
2
− x) is n, a1 + 2a2 + 3a3 + … … … 2na2n
then the value of n
25
is equal to (1) −a 0
1 1 n (2) 3 n
Q6. If the number of integral terms in the expansion of (3 2

+ 58 ) is exactly
(3) n ⋅ 3 n+1
33 , then the least value of n is

(4) n ⋅ 3 n
(1) 264
(2) 128 Q17. The value of the sum of the series
(3) 256
n n
3 C0 − 8 C1 + 13 C2 − 18 C3 + … …
n n
upto (n + 1) terms where n ≥ 2, is
(4) 248 (1) 3 n
10
(2) 5 n
Q7. The term independent of x in the expansion of ( ,

x+1 x−1
− )
x
2/3
−x
1/3
+1 x−x
1/2
(3) 0
where x ≠ 0, 1 is equal to
(4) None of these
Q8. Consider the data on x taking the values 0, 2, 4, 8, … . , 2 with frequencies n
Q18. The number of distinct terms in the expansion of

respectively. If the mean of this data is , then n is
n n n n 728
C0 , C1 , C2 , … , Cn
is
n n
2
(x + 2y − 3z + 5w − 7u)
equal to ....... .
(1) n + 1
Q9. If the binomial expansion of (a + bx) −2

is 1
− 3x + … , then the values of (2) n+4
C4
4
a and b are (3) n+4

Cn+2
(1) 2, 12 (4) n
C4
(2) 2, 10 2n
Q19. If {x} denotes the fractional part of x then { 3
8
},n ∈ N is
(3) 1, 12
(1) 3
(4) 2, 6
(2)
7
Q10. The coefficient of x in the expansion of (1 − x)

n −1
is (0 < |x| < 1) (3) 5
(1) −1 (4) 1
(2) 0
Q20. If the sum of 5 th
and 6 terms is zero in the expansion of (x − 2y) , then
th 10
(3) 2
the value of x
y
is equal to
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Binomial
Q21. If last three digits of the expression 17 256

are A 1, A2 &A3 respectively, then Q22. The value of sum of the series
n 2 n 3 n 4 n n+1
the value of expression 2A equals

C1 ⋅3 C2 ⋅3 C3 ⋅3 Cn ⋅3
2
+ A3 − 4A1 3 ⋅
n
C0 +
2
+
3
+
4
+ …
n+1
is
n+1
(1) 0 (1) 4
n+1
n+1
(2) −4 (2)
4
n+1
−1
(3) 5 (3) n+1

4
(4) −7 (4)
4 −1
n+1
Binomial
Answer Key
Q1 (8) Q2 (2) Q3 (1) Q4 (3)
Q5 (8.08) Q6 (3) Q7 (210) Q8 (6)
Q9 (1) Q10 (4) Q11 (2.00) Q12 (6)
Q13 (4) Q14 (2) Q15 (45) Q16 (4)
Q17 (3) Q18 (2) Q19 (4) Q20 (2.4)
Q21 (4) Q22 (2)
Binomial
Q1. Q5.
100
The general term in the binomial expansion of (a + b) is n n
C
R
a
n−R
b
R
. (1 + x)
101
(1 + x
2
− x)
10 100
2
Thus, the general term in the expansion of (2x is
r 1
+ ) =(1 + x)((1 + x)(1 − x + x ))
2
x
100
R 3
10 r 10−R 1 =(1 + x)(1 + x )
= C (2x ) ( )
R 2
x
100 100
3 3
= 1 × (1 + x ) + x × (1 + x )
10 10−R r ( 10−R ) −2R
= C (2 x )x
R
So, the number of terms=( 101 terms of the form x 3k

) + (101 terms of the form
Given, the constant term in the expansion is 180
x
3k+1
)
⇒
10
C
R
⋅ 2
10−R
= 180 …(1)
= 202 terms
And (10 − R)r − 2R = 0
2R
⇒ n = 202
⇒ r =
10−R
n
2(R−10) 20 ∵ = 8. 08
⇒ r = + 25
10−R 10−R
20
⇒ r = −2 +
10−R
…(2) Q6.
n
Since R is positive integer less than or equal to 10 and r is also an
1 1
(3 2 + 5 8 )
integer, hence, the value of R is such that, 10 − R must divide 20. General term T =
n
Cr (3 2 )
1 n−r
(5 8 )
1 r
r+1
This is possible, when the value of 10 − R can be one from the divisors of 20 n−r r
Tr+1 =
n
Cr 3 2 58 .
i.e. 10 − R can be from 1, 2, 4 or 5 and consequently, R can be 9, 8, 6 or 5
must be integer.
n−r r
,
2 8
respectively. n−r
∈ I ⇒ n − r = 0, 2, 4, 6, 8. . . . . . .
2
But for R = 9, 6 & 5 equation (1) is not satisfied, hence R = 8 r

∈ I ⇒ r = 0, 8, 16, 24, 32. . . .
8
as 10
C 2
10−R
= 180
R
For rational term common powers= 0, 8, 16, 24. . . . . . .
2×8
⇒ r = = 8.
10−8 Number of integral term= 33
Q2. Ts = a +(s − 1)d ⇒ T33 = 0 +(33 − 1)8 = 256 .
There are 11 terms in the expansion ⇒ 6 term is the middle term th Value of n = 256.
T6 =
10
C (
1
5
) (x sin x)
5 We can cross check to verify answer.
5 x
10
5 63
⇒ C (sin x)
5
=
8
Q7.
10×9×8×7×6 5 63 10
⇒ (sin x) = x+1 x−1
5×4×3×2 8 ( − )
2/3 1/3 1/2
x −x +1 x−x
5 63 5×4×3×2
10
⇒ (sin x) = × x
1/2
+1
8 10×9×8×7×6 1/3
= ((x + 1)−( ))
1/2
1 x
⇒ sin x = 10
2 1
1/3
= (x − )
Hence, there are 2 values of x in [0, 2π]
1/2
x
Now the (r + 1) Term

th
Q3.
r
10−r
10 1/3 1
Tr+1 = Cr (x ) ⋅ (− )
1/2
x
20
The given expression in the question is (2 − 3x 3
)
For independent term
term is and 11 term is .
th 20 9 11 9 27 th 20 10 10 30
10 C9 (−1) (2) (3) x C10 2 3 x 10−r r
− = 0 ⇒ r = 4
3 2
Ratio is given, so ⇒ T5 =
10
C = 210
4
20 9 11 9 27
C9 ( −1 ) (2) (3) x 45
=
20 10 10 30 22
C10 ⋅2 ⋅3 ⋅x
10 2 45
Q8.
⇒ − ⋅ =
11 3 22
3x
2
8 2
xi 2
3
⇒ x = −
27
⇒ x = −
3 0 2 2
n
(observation) ................
6
n−6
n
Q4. 7 term from the beginning is 1
th 3
C (2) 3 ( ) n
6 3 fi C
2
n n n
n−6 C C Cn
6 0 1
(frequency) .............
n
term from the end is 1 3
th
7 C ( ) (2) 3
6 3
n 2
−2 1 Σfi xi
n 3
C6 ( 2 ) ( )
3 x =
1
Σfi
⇒ n =
−2 6 n n 2 n n n
2 1 3 0× C +2× C +2 × C .....2 × Cn n
n
C6 2 ( ) 0 1 2 3 −1 728
3
n n n n
= n
= n
n C + C + C .....+ Cn 2 2
0 1 2
n 4−
−4 1 3 1
⇒(2) 3 ( ) = n 6
3 6 ⇒ 3 = 3
n
−4 −1
⇒ (2 × 3) 3
= (2 × 3) ⇒ n = 6
⇒ n = 9
Q9.
Binomial
1 1
We have ∫ x(1 − x)
n
= ∫
n
C0 x −
n
C1 x
2
+
n
C2 x
3
+ ..... +
n
Cn x
n+1
−2
0 0
−2 −2 bx
(a + bx) = a [1 + ] n
C0
n
C1
n
C2
a 1
= − + .....
2 2 ( n+1 ) ( n+2 ) 2 3 4
= a −2
(1 −
2bx
a
+
3b x
2
−. . . .)
1 1
a
⇒ = i.e. n = 1999
( n+1 ) ( n+2 ) 2000×2001
2 2
= 1
2
−
2bx
3
+
3b x
4
− … . . . .(i)
a a a
We have Q15. 30( 30

C )+29(
0
30
C )+ … + 2(
1
30
C
28
)+1(
30
C
29
)
30 30 30 30
−2 1 = 30( C )+29( C )+ … … + 2( C )+1( C )
30 29 2 1
(a + bx) = − 3x+. . . . . . .(ii)
4
30 30
= ∑ r( Cr )
Comparing (i) and (ii), we get r=1
30 30 29
1 1 = ∑ r( )( C )
= ⇒ a = 2 r=1 r r−1
a
2 4
30 29
And, = 30 ∑
r=1
C
r−1
29 29 29 29
2b = 30( C + C + C + … + C )
= 3 0 1 2 29
3
a
29 30 m
3 = 30(2 )= 15(2) = n(2)
⇒ 2b = 3(2) ⇒ b = 12
∴ n = 15, m = 30
Q10.
n + m = 45
Expanding using binomial expansion for negative index,

Q16.
−1 2 n
⇒ (1 − x) = 1 + x + x + … + x + …∞
We expand the equation by using binomial expansion,
From the expansion, we get the coefficient of x n
n
(1 + x + x )
2
= a0 + a1 x + a2 x +
3
....+a 2n x
2n
∴ The coefficient of x n
= 1
Q11. On differentiating both sides, we get

2 n−1 2
301 300 150 150 n(1 + x + x ) (1 + 2x)= a1 + 2a2 x + 3a3 x
2 = 2. 2 = 2. 4 = 2(5 − 1)
Here all terms, except last term are divisible by 5 +...+2na 2n x

2n−1
Remainder = 2(last term)= 2(−1)

150
∴ = 2
Now, on putting x = 1, we get

Q12. We know that,
⇒ n(3)
n−1
⋅(3)= a1 + 2a2 + 3a3 + ...+2na 2n
n n n−1 n−2 n−2 n−1
x − y =(x − y)(x + x y+. . . . +xy + y )
⟹ a1 + 2a2 + 3a3 + ....+2na 2n = n ⋅ 3
n
i.e. x n
− y
n
is divisible by x − y
53
53
− 33
3
= 53
53
− 3
53
+ 3
53
− 33
3
+ 3
3
− 3
3
Q17. 3 ⋅ n
C0 − 8 ⋅
n
C1 + 13 ⋅
n
C2 − 18 ⋅
n
C3 +. . . . . . . .
=(53
53
− 3
53
)+(3
53
− 3 )−(33
3 3
− 3 )
3

n n n n
= 3 ( C0 − C1 + C2 − C3 +. . . . . . . . ) + 5
Clearly, 1 bracket is divisible by 50 and the last one is divisible by 30. So, both
st
n n n
(− C1 + 2 ⋅ C2 − 3 ⋅ C3 + . . . . . . )
are divisible by 10.

53 3 3 50 3 3 50
3 − 3 = 3 ⋅ 3 − 3 = 3 (3 − 1) n
∵ (1 − x) =
n
C0 −
n
C1 x +
n
C2 x
2
−
n 3
C3 x +. . . . . . . . . .(i)
3 25 25
= 3 ((10 − 1) − 1)= 27(10 − 1) − 27 = 27(10k − 1)−27
and
= 270k − 54 = 270k − 60 + 6 = 10μ + 6. n−1
n n n 2
− n(1 − x) = − C1 + 2 ⋅ C2 x − 3 ⋅ C3 x +. . . . . . . . . . . (ii)
Hence, the remainder obtained is 6.

Putting x = 1 in Eqs. (i) & (ii), we get,
Q13. n n n n
C0 − C1 + C2 − C3 +. . . . . . . . . = 0 . . . . (iii)
and − n
C1 + 2 ⋅
n
C2 − 3 ⋅
n
C3 +. . . . . . . . = 0 . . . . . (iv)
Units digit of 7 4n+1

is 7, that of 7 4n+2
is 9, that of 7 4n+3
is 1 and
Now, by 3 ×(iii)+5 ×(iv), we get,
that of 7 is 7, where n ∈ N .
4n
n n n n
3 ⋅ C0 − 8 ⋅ C1 + 13 ⋅ C2 − 18 ⋅ C3 +. . . . . . = 0
Now, 754 = 4 ⋅ 188 + 2.
Thus, units digit of (2137)

754
will be same as that of 7 4n+2
i.e. 9. Q18.
Q14. (1 − x)

n
=
n
C −
n
C x +
n 2
C x −. . . . . . (−1) Cn x
n
n n We know that the number of distinct terms in the multinomial
0 1 2
multiplying both sides by x expansion of (x 1

+ x2 + … + xn )
m
is given by n+m−1
C
n−1
.
x(1 − x)
n
=
n
C x −
n
C x
2
+
n 3
C x −. . . . . . . (−1) Cn x
n n n+1 Therefore, number of distinct terms in the expansion of
0 1 2
Integrating both sides (x + 2y − 3z + 5w − 7u)

n
is
Binomial
n+5−1 10! 10!

6 4 5 5
= C ⇒ x + 16y = x × 32y
5−1 4! 6! 5! 5!
n+4 5
= C ⇒ x = 2y
4 6
x 12
⇒ = = 2. 4
Q19. y 5
n
3
2n
= 9
n
= ( 1 + 8) Q21. We can have 17 256
= (290 − 1)
128
⇒ 3 2n
=
n
C0 +
n
C1 ⋅ 8 +
n 2 n
C2 ⋅ 8 +. . . . . + Cn ⋅ 8
n
= 1000I +
128
C2 (290)
2
−
128
C1 (290) + 1 , where I is an integer
2n n n n 2 n n
3 C0 + C1 ⋅8+ C2 ⋅8 +.....+ Cn ⋅8
⇒ = = 1000I + 128 (290) (18415 − 1) + 1
8 8
2n
3 1 n n n n − 1
⇒ = +( C1 + C2 ⋅ 8 +. . . . . . + Cn ⋅ 8 ) = 1000m + 681
8 8
2n
⇒ 3
8
=
1
8
+ integer quantity ∴ A1 = 6, A2 = 8, A3 = 1
{x}∈ [0, 1) & {I}= 0 n
2n
Q22. We know, (1 + x) n n
= C0 + C1 ⋅ x + C2 ⋅ x + . . . . Cn ⋅ x
n 2 n n
{
3 1
⇒ }= + 0
8 8
On integrating, we get,
n+1
( 1+x ) –1 2 3 4 n+1
Q20. n n x n x n x n x
= C0 x + C1 + C2 + C3 + … Cn
n+1 2 3 4 n+1
T5 + T6 = 0 Put x = 3
n 2 n 3 n 4 n n+1 n+1
4 5 C1 ⋅3 C2 ⋅3 C3 ⋅3 Cn ⋅3 4 –1
10 6 10 5 n
⇒ C4 x (−2y) + C5 x (−2y) = 0 3 ⋅ C0 + + + +. . . =
2 3 4 n+1 n+1
Complex
Number Top 500 Question Bank for JEE Main
Q1. The smallest positive integer n for which (

1+i
1−i
) = 1 , is (2) 32(3 − 2i)
(3) 80
Q2. If iz 3
+ z
2
− z + i = 0 , then |z| is equal to
(4) 48
Q3. Number of complex numbers satisfying |z| = max{|z − 1|, |z + 1|}.
Q11. The value of ∑ 99
k=1
(i
k!
+ ω
k!
) is (where, i = √−1 and ω is non-real
8 6
(2√3+2i) (1+i)
Q4. Let z = 6
+
8
. Let θ be the argument of z such that cube root of unity)
(1−i) (2√3−2i)
θ ∈ (−π, π] then 4 sin θ is equal to (1) 190 + ω
(2) 192 + ω 2
Q5. For a complex number z, the equation z 2

+ (p + iq)z + r + is = 0 has a
(3) 190 + i
real root (where p, q, r, s are non-zero real numbers and i 2
= −1 ), then
(4) 192 + i
(1) pqr = r 2
+ p s
2
(2) prs = q 2
+ r p
2
Q12. √−1 − √−1 − √−1 … ∞ is equal to, where ω is the imaginary cube
(3) qrs = p 2
+ s q
2
of root of unity and i = √−1.
(4) pqs = s 2
+ q r
2
(1) w and ω 2
z−α (2) −ω or −ω 2
Q6. If z+α
(α ∈ R) is a purely imaginary number and |z| = 2, then a value of
(3) 1 + i or 1 − i
α is
(4) −1 + i or −1 − i
(1) 1
(2) 1
2
Q13. If |z − 2| = min{|z − 1|, |z − 5|}, where z is a complex number, then-
(3) √2 (1) Re = 3
(4) 2 (2) Re = 7
(3) Re ∈ { 3
,
7
}
Q7. If |z + 4| ≤ 3, then the maximum value of |z + 1| is 2 2
(1) 4 (4) None of these
(2) 10 Q14. A complex number z is said to be unimodular, if |z| = 1 Suppose z and 1
(3) 6 z2 are complex numbers such that

z1 −2z2
is unimodular and z is not
2
2−z1 z̄ 2
(4) 0 unimodular. Then, the point z lies on a 1
(1) straight line parallel to X-axis

Q8. If ∣∣z , then z lies on
2 2
− 1∣
∣ = |z| + 1
(1) the real axis (2) straight line parallel to Y -axis
(2) the imaginary axis (3) circle of radius 2
(3) a circle (4) circle of radius √2.
(4) an ellipse Q15. If a complex number z lie on a circle of radius 1

units, then the complex
2
Q9. If z = re , then ∣∣e iθ iz

∣ equals number ω = −1 + 4z will always lie on a circle of radius k units, where k is
∣
(1) e r sin θ equal to
(2) e −r sin θ
Q16. If w = z
and |w| = 1, then z lies on
1
z− i
3
(3) e −r cos θ
(1) A parabola
(4) e r cos θ
(2) A straight line
Q10. The value of (1 + i√3) 6

+ (1 − i)
8
is (3) A circle
(1) 16(2 − i) (4) An ellipse
Complex
Answer Key
Q1 (4.00) Q2 (1) Q3 (0) Q4 (2)
Q5 (4) Q6 (4) Q7 (3) Q8 (2)
Q9 (2) Q10 (3) Q11 (3) Q12 (1)
Q13 (3) Q14 (3) Q15 (2) Q16 (2)
Complex
Q1. = 8 arg (z1)+6 arg (z2)+2kπ
n = 8. π
+6. π
+2kπ= 4π
+
3π
–2π= 5π
Given, (
1+i 6 4 3 2 6
) = 1
1−i
1+i 1+i
n ∴ 4 sinθ=4 sin 5π
6
=2
⇒( × ) = 1
1−i 1+i
Q5. Since, the equation has a real root

n
2
( 1+i )
⇒ ( ) = 1
2 2
1 −i
n
∴ z = x + iy = x
2 2
1 +i +2i
⇒ ( ) = 1
2
1−i 2
⇒ x +(p + iq)x + r + is = 0
n
2i
⇒ ( ) = 1
2
∴ x
2
+ px + r = 0 and qx + s = 0
n
⇒ i = 1
Putting x = − in the first equation, we get,
s
Hence, n is an integer multiple of 4.

pqs = s
2
+ q r
2
which is the required condition.
So, the smallest positive integer value of n is 4.
Q6.
Q2. If a complex number is purely imaginary, then it must be equal to negative of
its conjugate.
Given, iz 3
+ z
2
− z + i = 0
−
z−α z−α z−α z −α
3 1 2 z ⇒ = −( )⇒ = −( )
z + z − + 1 = 0 z+α z+α z+α −
i i z +α
− −
3 2
⇒ z − iz + iz + 1 = 0 ⇒(z − α)(z + α)=(z + α)(z − α)
− − − −
2 2 2
⇒ z (z − i)+i(z − i)= 0 ⇒ z z + αz − αz − α = −(z z − αz + αz − α )
2 2
⇒ (z − i)(z + i)= 0 2
⇒ |z| = α
⇒ z = i or z 2
= −i
⇒ α
2
= 4 [∵|z|= 2]
Hence, |z| = 1 ⇒ α = ±2
Q3. Q7.
Let, z = x + iy. From the argand diagram, maximum value of |z + 1| is 6.
So, |z − 1|= √(x − 1) 2

+ y
2
= √x
2
+ y
2
+ 1 − 2x
and,
2
|z + 1|= √(x + 1)
2 2 2
+ y = √x + 2x + 1 + y
Now
Case 1: For x ≥ 0,
max{|z − 1|,|z + 1|}
2 2 2 2
= max{√x − 2x + 1 + y , √x + 2x + 1 + y }
2
= √x + 2x + 1 + y
2 Aliter
1
⇒ √x
2
+ y
2
= √x
2
+ 2x + 1 + y
2
⇒ 2x + 1 = 0 ⇒ x = − |z + 1|=|z + 4 − 3|≤|z + 4|+|−3|≤ 6
2
and Thus, maximum value of |z + 1| is 6.
Case 2: For x < 0,

Q8.
max{|z − 1|,|z + 1|}
= max{√x
2 2 2 2
− 2x + 1 + y , √x + 2x + 1 + y } Using the relation, if
2 2
= √x − 2x + 1 + y |z1 + z2 |=|z1 |+|z2 |
1
⇒ √x
2
+ y
2
= √x
2
− 2x + 1 + y
2
⇒ −2x + 1 = 0 ⇒ x =
2
Then, arg(z 1
)= arg(z2 )
Examine both cases, you can conclude that x has no value that since, ∣∣z 2
+(−1)∣
∣=∣
∣z ∣
∣+|−1|
2
can satisfy any of the above conditions. Then, arg(z 2

)= arg(−1)
Hence, number of such complex numbers = 0. ⇒ 2 arg(z)= π [∵ arg(−1)= π]
π
z
8
z
6 ∣z ∣16 +∣z ∣12 ⇒ arg(z)=
∣ 1∣ ∣ 2∣
Q4. z= 1
6
+
2
8
=
ˉ ∣ 6 (z
∣z ˉ )8
2
lies on Y -axis (imaginary axis).

ˉ
z ˉ
z 2 1
2 1
⇒ z
arg(z)=– 8 arg (zˉ )– 6arg (zˉ )+2kπ, k∈I

1 2
Complex
Q9. Given, |z– 2|= min{|z– 1|,|z– 5|} ⋯(i)

case (1). when |z − 1|<|z − 5|
If z = re iθ
= r(cos θ + i sin θ)
i.e., |z − 2|=|z − 1| …(ii)

⇒ iz = ir(cos θ + i sin θ)
so, here it is clear that z lies on perpendicular bisector of line joining oints
= −r sin θ + ir cos θ
(1, 0),(2, 0) on real axis.,
iz ( − rsin θ+ir cos θ )
⇒ e = e
⇒ Re(z)=
3
2
which satisfy |z − 1|<|z − 5|.
−r sin θ ir cos θ
= e e
again case (2) when |z − 5|<|z − 1|

iz −r sin θ ri cos θ
⇒∣
∣e ∣
∣=∣
∣e ∣
∣∣∣e ∣
∣
⇒|z − 2|=|z − 5|
iz −r sin θ
⇒∣
∣e ∣
∣=∣
∣e
∣[cos(r cos θ)+i sin(r cos θ)]
∣
1 here z lies on real line which perpendicular bisector of line joinig points

iz −r sin θ 2 2
⇒∣ ∣ 2
∣e ∣= e [cos (rcosθ)+ sin (rcos θ)]
(2, 0),(5, 0)
= e
−r sin θ
.
⇒ Re(z)=
7
2
which satisfy |z − 5|<|z − 1| .
Q10. Hence option 3 is correct.
We have, Q14.
1 √3
1 + i√3 = 2( + i )
2 2
Given, z is not unimodular, i.e., |z
2 2 |≠ 1
π π
= 2(cos + i sin )
and is unimodular.
z1 −2z2
3 3
2−z1 z̄ 2
π
i iθ
= 2e 3 , [∵ cos θ + i sin θ = e ] ∣
z1 −2z2
∣ 2 2
⇒ = 1 ⇒ |z1 − 2z2 | = |2 − z1 z̄ 2 |
∣ 2−z1 z̄ 2 ∣
Therefore, ⇒(z1 − 2z2 )(z̄ 1 − 2z̄ 2 )=(2 − z1 z̄ 2 )(2 − z̄ 1 z2 )
(1 + i√3)
6
= 2 e
6 i2π
, using De-Moivre's Theorem [∵ zz̄ = ∣
2
∣z ∣
∣ ]
6 6
= 2 (cos 2π + isin 2π)= 2 . . .(i) 2 2
⇒ |z1 | + 4|z2 | − 2z̄ 1 z2 − 2z1 z̄ 2
Similarly, = 4 + |z1 | |z2 |

2 2
− 2z̄ 1 z2 − 2z1 z̄ 2
, using De-Moivre's Theorem

8 4 −2iπ
(1 − i) = 2 e 2 2
⇒(|z2 | − 1)(|z1 | − 4)= 0
4 4
= 2 (cos 2π − isin 2π)= 2 . . .(ii)
∵|z2 |≠ 1
Hence, by (1) and (2), we have

∴|z1 |= 2
6
.
8 6 4
(1 + i√3) + (1 − i) = 2 + 2 = 80
Let z 1 = x + iy ⇒ x
2
+ y
2
=(2)
2
∴ Point z lies on a circle of radius 2

Q11. ∑ 99 99 1
k! k!
i + ∑ ω
k=1 k=1
99 k! 1! 2! 3! 4! 99!
∑
k=1
i = i + i + i + i + … + i Q15. Let us assume that z lies on a circle with centre z (fixed point) and 0
6
= i − 1 + i + 1 + 1 + 1 + … + 1
radius 1
2
units.
1
= i − 2 + 96 = i + 94
⇒ |z − z0 |=
2
99 k! 1 2! 3! 4! 99!
∑
k=1
ω = ω + ω + ω + ω + … + ω Now, ω = −1 + 4z ⇒ ω + 1 = 4z
2
= ω + ω + 1 + 1 + 1 + … + 1 = 96
⇒ ω + 1 − 4z0 = 4z − 4z0
Sum = i + 94 + 96 = i + 190 Now, taking modulus on both sides, we get,

|ω + 1 − 4z0 |= 4|z − z0 |⇒|ω + 1 − 4z0 |= 2
Q12.
Locus of ω represents the circle having centre (−1 + 4z 0) and radius 2 units.
Let z = √−1 − √−1 − √−1. . . . . . . . . . . . . ∞
Q16. Since, ∣∣ z ∣
∣
=1
or z = √−1 − z z−i/3
⇒ 3|z|=|3z − i|
2
z = −1 − z
2
⇒ 3|x + iy|=|3(x + iy)−i| [put z = x + iy]
z + z + 1 = 0
2 2
= √(3x)
2 2
−1±i√3 ⇒ 3√x + y + (3y − 1)
z =
2
2 2 2 2
⇒ 9x + 9y = 9x + 9y + 1 − 6y
or z = ω and ω . 2
1
⇒ y =
6
Q13. Which shows that z lies on a straight line.
Complex
Determinants
Top 500 Question Bank for JEE Main
Q1. If A = [
−4 −1
] , then the determinant of the matrix (4) independent of both θ and ϕ
3 1
(A
2016
− 2A
2015
− A
2014
) is Q6.
(1) −175
5 6 3 3 4 6 3 3 4 5 3 3
∣y z (z − y ) x z (x − z ) x y (y − x )∣
∣ ∣
2 3 6 6 3 6 6 2 6 6
Δ1 = ∣ y z (y − z ) xz (z − y ) xy (x − y ) ∣
(2) 2014 ∣ ∣
2 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3
∣y z (z − y ) xz (z − y ) xy (y − x ) ∣
(3) 2016 ∣ x 2 3
∣
y z
∣ ∣
(4) −25 and Δ 2 = ∣x
4
y
5
z
6
∣ , then Δ 1 Δ2 is equal to
∣ ∣
7 8 9
∣x y z ∣
∣ 10! 11! 12! ∣
Q2. The value of the determinant ∣∣ 11! ∣

is (1) Δ 3
2
12! 13!
∣
∣ 12! 13! 14! ∣ (2) Δ 2
2
(1) 2(10!11!) (3) Δ 4
(2) 2(10!13!) (4) None of these

(3) 2(10!11!12!)
Q7. Given, 2x − y + 2z = 2, x − 2y + z = −4 and
(4) 2(11!12!13!)
x + y + λz = 4 , then the value of λ such that the given
Q3. If the value of a third-order determinant is 11, then the system of equations has no solution is
value of the square of the determinant formed by the (1) 3
cofactors will be (2) 1
(1) 11 (3) 0
(2) 121 (4) −3
(3) 1331
Q8. The system of equations
(4) 14641
x + ky + 3z = 0, 3x + ky − 2z = 0, 2x + 3y − 4z = 0
Q4. If 1, log 10
(4
x
− 2) and log 10
(4
x
+
18
5
) are in arithmetic possess a non-trivial solution over the set of rationals, then 2k
progression for a real number x then the value of the , is an integral element of the interval:
determinant (1) [10, 20]
∣ 1 2 ∣
∣
2 (x −
2
) x − 1 x
∣ (2) (20, 30)
∣
1 0 x
∣ is equal to :
∣ ∣ (3) [30, 40]
∣ x 1 0 ∣
(4) (40, 50)

∣ cos(θ + ϕ) − sin(θ + ϕ) cos 2ϕ ∣
∣ ∣
Q5. The determinant ∣ sin θ cos θ sin ϕ ∣
Q9. The number of values of k for which the system of linear
∣ ∣
∣ − cos θ sin θ cos ϕ ∣
equations (k + 2)x + 10y = k&kx + (k + 3)y = k − 1 has
is -
no solution is
(1) 0
(1) 1
(2) independent of θ
(2) 2
(3) independent of ϕ
Determinants
(3) 3 Q13. The system of equations

(4) 4 kx + y + z = 1, x + ky + z = k and x + y + zk = k has 2
no solution if k is equal to:

Q10. The value of λ and μ for which the system of equations
(1) 0
x + y + z = 6, x + 2y + 3z = 10 and x + 2y + λz = μ
(2) 1
have no solution, are
(3) −1
(1) λ = 3, μ ≠ 10
(4) −2
(2) λ ≠ 3, μ = 10
(3) λ ≠ 3, μ ≠ 10 Q14. If the system of homogeneous linear equations
(4) None of these x + 3by + bz = 0, x + 2ay + az = 0 , and x + 4cy + cz = 0

has a non-zero solution, then a, b, c
Q11. Let S be the set of all λ ∈ R for which the system of
(1) Are in A.P.
linear equations
(2) Are in G.P.
2x − y + 2z = 2
(3) Are in H.P.

x − 2y + λz = −4
(4) Satisfy a + 2b + 3c = 0
x + λy + z = 4
has no solution. Then the set S Q15. If c < 1 and the system of equations
(1) Contains more than two elements x + y − 1 = 0, 2x − y − c = 0 and bx + 3by − c = 0 is
(2) Is an empty set consistent, then the possible real values of b are
(3) Is a singleton (1) b ∈ (−3, 3
4
)
(4) Contains exactly two elements (2) b ∈ (− 3

, 4)
2
(3) b ∈ (− 3
, 3)
Q12. The greatest value of c ∈ R for which the system of 4
linear equations (4) none of these
x − cy − cz = 0, cx − y + cz = 0, cx + cy − z = 0 has a ⎡
−30 20 56
⎤
Q16. Let P = ⎢ 90 140 112 ⎥ and

non-trivial solution, is ⎣ ⎦
120 60 14
(1) −1 ⎡
2 7 ω
2
⎤
−1+i√3
A = ⎢ −1 −ω 1 ⎥ where ω = , and I be
(2) 2 ⎣ ⎦
2
3
0 −ω −ω + 1
(3) 1
2 the identity matrix of order 3. If the determinant of the matrix

(4) 0 2
(P
−1
AP − I3 ) is αω , then the value of α is equal to
2
Determinants
Answer Key
Q1 (4) Q2 (3) Q3 (4) Q4 (2)
Q5 (2) Q6 (1) Q7 (2) Q8 (3)
Q9 (1) Q10 (1) Q11 (4) Q12 (3)
Q13 (4) Q14 (3) Q15 (3) Q16 (36)
Determinants
Q1. (4 )
x 2 x
+ 4 − 4(4 )−32 = 0
−4 −1 −4 −1 −4 −1 13 3 x
2 (4 − 16)(4x + 2) = 0
[ ] ⇒ A =[ ] [ ]=[ ]
3 1 3 1 3 1 −9 −2
x
4 = 16
and |A|=− 1
x = 2
Now, A 2016
− 2A
2015
− A
2014
= A
2014
(A
2
− 2A − I )
= −6 + 4 + 4 = 2
⇒∣∣A 2016
− 2A
2015
− A
2014
∣
∣=∣
∣A
2014
∣
∣ ∣
∣A
2
− 2A − I ∣
∣
20 5
A
2
− 2A − I =[ ] Q5. Δ = cos(θ + ϕ). [cos θ cos ϕ − sin θ sin ϕ]
−15 −5
2014
∣ 20 5 ∣ + sin(θ + ϕ). [sin θ cos ϕ + cos θ sin ϕ]
= |A| ∣ ∣
∣ −15 −5 ∣ 2 2
+ cos 2ϕ. [sin θ + cos θ]
= −25
2 2
Δ =[cos (θ + ϕ)+sin (θ + ϕ)]+ cos(2ϕ)
∣ 10! 11! 12! ∣

Δ = 1 + cos(2ϕ)
∣ ∣
Q2. Let Δ =∣ 11! 12! 13!
∣
∣ 12! 13! 14! ∣
∴ Δ is independent of θ
∣1 11 11 × 12 ∣
= 10! 11! 12! 1
∣
12 12 × 13
∣ Q6.
∣ ∣
∣1 13 13 × 14 ∣
2 3
∣ x y z ∣
Applying R 2 → R2 − R1 and R 3 → R3 − R1 ∣ ∣
Given Δ 2 =∣ x
4
y
5
z
6
∣
∣1 11 11 × 12 ∣ ∣ ∣
7 8 9
∣x y z ∣
∣ ∣
= 10! 11! 12! 0 1 24
∣ ∣
∣0 ∣
Calculating co-factors of Δ : 2
2 50
5 6 3 3
=(10! 11! 12!)(50 − 48) Δ2 ( 1,1 ) = y z (z − y )
4 6 3 3
= 2 ⋅(10! 11! 12!) Δ2 ( 1,2 ) = x z (x − z )
4 5 3 3
Δ2 ( 1,3 ) = x y (y − x )
Q3.
2 3 6 6
Δ2 ( 2,1 ) = y z (y − z )
Given, Determinant of order 3 is 11
3 6 6
Δ2 ( 2,2 ) = xz (z − y )
then, the value of determinant formed by cofactors is
2 6 6
Δ2 ( 2,3 ) = xy (x − y )
n−1
|C|= |A|
2 3 3 3
Δ2 ( 3,1 ) = y z (z − y )
Where n =Order of matrix.
3 3 3
Δ2 ( 3,2 ) = xz (z − y )
Here n = 3
2 3 3
Δ2 ( 3,3 ) = xy (y − x )
( 3−1 )
∴|C|= (11)
2
Here, we can see that the given determinant Δ 1
⇒|C|= (11)
is obtained by corresponding co-factors of

⇒|C|= 121
determinant Δ . 2
Hence, the value of |C| is (121) .

2 2
= 14641
Hence, Δ 1 = Δ
2
2
Q4. ∴ Δ1 Δ2 = Δ Δ2 = Δ
2 3
2 2
x x 18
2 log (4 − 2)= 1 + log (4 + )
10 10
5
x 2 x 18
Q7.
(4 − 2) = 10(4 + )
5
Determinants
Since, given system has no solution. Here D = 0

∣1 1 ∣
Therefore, Δ = 0 and any one amongst Δ x
, Δy &Δz is non- 1
∣ ∣
⇒ 1 2 3 = 0
∣ ∣
zero ∣1 2 λ∣
Let ⇒ 1(2λ − 6)−1(λ − 3)+1(2 − 2)= 0
∣2 −1 2 ∣
⇒ 2λ − 6 − λ + 3 + 0 = 0
∣ ∣
Δ = 1 −2 1 = 0
∣ ∣
⇒ λ − 3 = 0
∣1 1 λ∣
⇒ 2(−2λ − 1)+1(λ − 1)+2(1 + 2)= 0 ⇒ λ = 3
∣ 6 1 1 ∣
⇒ −4λ − 2 + λ − 1 + 6 = 0
∣ ∣
Also, D 1 =∣ 10 2 33 ∣≠ 0
∣ ∣
⇒ λ = 1
∣ μ 2 3 ∣
Now, ⇒ 6(6 − 6)−1(30 − 3μ)+1(20 − 2μ)≠ 0
∣2 −1 2 ∣
⇒ 0 − 30 + 3μ + 20 − 2μ ≠ 0
∣ ∣
Δx = 1 −2 −4 = 6 ≠ 0
∣ ∣
⇒ μ − 10 ≠ 0
∣1 1 4 ∣
Hence, for no solution λ = 1 ⇒ μ ≠ 10
Q8. For the given system to have a non-trivial solution, we Q11.

must have For no. solution Δ = 0 and at least one of Δ 1
, Δ2 , Δ3 is
∣ 1 k 3 ∣
∣ ∣ 33
non-zero.
3 k −2 = 0 ⇒ k =
∣ ∣ 2 ∣2 −1 2 ∣
∣ 2 3 −4 ∣ ∣ ∣
Δ = 1 −2 λ = −(λ − 1)(2λ + 1)
∣ ∣
∣1 1 ∣
Q9. λ
∣ 2 −1 2 ∣
For no solution Δ1 = −4
∣
−2
∣ 2
λ = −2(λ + 6λ − 4)
∣ ∣
k+2 10 k ∣ 4 λ 1 ∣
= =
k k+3 k−1
1
Δ = 0 ⇒ λ = 1, −
2
⇒(k + 2)(k + 3)= 10k
2
And for λ = 1, − 1
2
, Δ1 ≠ 0
⇒ k − 5k + 6 = 0 ⇒ k = 2, 3
Hence, S ={1, −
1
}
k ≠ 2 for k = 2 both lines are identical. 2
So, only k = 3 is possible. Q12.

So the number of values of k is 1. ∵ System of equation has non trivial solution. It is possible
Q10. Given system of equation is only when Δ = 0.

∣1 −c −c ∣
x + y + z = 6 ∣ ∣
∴ Δ = c −1 c = 0
∣ ∣
x + 2y + 3z = 10 ∣c c −1 ∣
2 2 2
⇒ 1(1 − c )+c(−c − c )−c(c + c)= 0
x + 2y + λz = μ
3 2
If given system of equation has no solution, then D = 0 and ⇒ 2c + 3c − 1 = 0
atleast one of the determinants D 1, D2 , D3 ≠ 0

⇒ c = −1,
2

Determinants
Hence, the greatest value of c = 1
2
. Q15.
Q13. The given system is consistent.

kx + y + z = 1 So, value of determinant of coefficient matrix is
x + ky + z = k zero.
2 ∣ 1 1 −1 ∣
x + y + zk = k
∣ ∣
∴ Δ = 2 −1 −c = 0
∣K 1 1 ∣ ∣ ∣
∣ ∣ 2 ∣ −b 3b −c ∣
Δ = 1 K 1 = K(K − 1)−1(K − 1)+1(1 − K)
∣ ∣
∣ 1 1 K ∣ ⇒ c + bc − 6b + b + 2c + 3bc = 0
3
= K − K − K + 1 + 1 − K ⇒ 3c + 4bc − 5b = 0
3 5b
= K − 3 K + 2 ⇒ c =
4b+3
2
= (K − 1) ( K + 2) Now, c < 1 ⇒ 5b
4b+3
< 1
For K = 1 ⇒
5b
− 1 < 0
4b+3
b−3
Δ = Δ1 = Δ2 = Δ3 = 0 ⇒ < 0
4b+3
But for K = −2, at least one out of Δ 1, Δ2 , Δ3 are not zero ⇒ b ∈(−
3
, 3)
4
Hence for no solution, K = −2
Q16.
Q14. Let M = (P
−1
AP − I )
2
The system of linear equations has a non-zero solution, then = (P

−1
AP )
2
− 2P
−1
AP + I
∣1 2a a∣
−1 2 −1
∣ ∣ = P A P − 2P AP + I
1 3b b = 0
∣ ∣
2
∣1 4c c ∣ P M = A P − 2AP + P
Applying R 2 → R2 − R1 , R3 → R3 − R1 , =(A
2
− 2 A. I + I
2
)P
∣1 2a a ∣
2
∣ ∣ ⇒ Det(P M )= Det((A − I ) × P)
0 3b − 2a b − a = 0
∣ ∣
2
∣0 4c − 2a c − a∣ ⇒ Det(P M )== Det (A − I ) × Det(P )
2
⇒ (3b − 2a)(c − a) − (4c − 2a)(b − a) = 0
⇒ Det M == (Det(A − I ))
2 2 2
⇒ 3bc − 3ba − 2ac + 2a = 4bc − 2ab − 4ac + 2a 1 7 w
⎡ ⎤
Now A − I =⎢ −1 −w − 1 1 ⎥
⇒ 4ac − 2ac = 4bc − 2ab − 3bc + 3ab
⎣ ⎦
0 −w −w
⇒ 2ac = bc + ab 2 3
Det(A − I )=(w + w + w)+7(−w)+w = −6w
On dividing by abc, we get 2 2

Det ((A − I )) = 36w
2 1 1
= +
a c
b ⇒ α = 36
Hence, a, b, c are in H. P.
Mathematical
Reasoning Top 500 Question Bank for JEE Main
Q1. Which of the following Statements is a tautology? Q8. Find the inverse of the statement, "If ΔABC is equilateral, then it is
(1) (∼ q ∧ p) ∧ q isosceles'
(2) (∼ q ∧ p) ∧ (p∧ ∼ p) (1) If ΔABC is isosceles, then it is equilateral

(3) (∼ q ∧ p) ∨ (p∨ ∼ p) (2) If ΔABC is not equilateral, then it is isosceles
(4) (p ∧ q) ∧ [∼ (p ∧ q)] (3) If ΔABC is not equilateral, then it is not isosceles
(4) If ΔABC is not isosceles, then it is not equilateral

Q2. Which of the following is/are counter example(s) of the statement
x
2
− 7x + 10 > 0 , for all real x? Q9. If p : 3 is an odd number and q : 15 is a prime number, then the truth value
(i) 2 (ii) 3 (iii) 4 (iv) 5 of [∼ (p ⟺ q)] is equivalent to that of
(1) Only (i) and (iv) (i) p ⟺ (∼ q) (ii) (∼ p) ⟺ q (iii) ∼ (p ∧ q)
(2) Only (ii) and (iii) (1) Only (i)

(3) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) (2) Only (iii)
(4) None of these (3) Both (i) and (ii)

(4) (i), (ii) and (iii)
Q3. If p, q are true statements and r, s are false statements, then the truth value of
∼ [(p∧ ∼ r) ∨ (∼ q ∨ s)] i Q10. The boolean expression (p∧ ∼ q) ∨ (q ∨ (∼ p ∧ q)) is:
(1) true. (1) ∼ p ∧ q

(2) false. (2) p ∧ q
(3) false for any p. (3) p ∨ q

(4) false for any q. (4) p∨ ∼ q
Q4. If p ⇒ (q ∨ r) is False, then the truth values of p, q, r are respectively, Q11. Which of the statements is not a fallacy?
(where T is True and F is F alse ) (1) p ∧ (∼ (∼ p ⇒∼ q))

(1) T , F , F (2) ∼ ((p∧ ∼ q) ⇒ p)
(2) F , T , T (3) ∼ (p ⇒ (p∨ ∼ q))
(3) F , F , F (4) ∼ p ∨ (∼ p ⇒∼ q)
(4) T , T , F
Q12. What is the negation of q∨ ∼ (p ∧ r) ?
Q5. Let truth values of p be F and q be T . Then, truth value of ∼ (∼ p ∨ q) is (1) ∼ q∧ ∼ (p ∧ r)
(1) T (2) ∼ q ∧ (p ∧ r)
(2) F (3) ∼ q ∨ (p ∧ r)
(3) Either T or F (4) None of these
(4) Neither T nor F

Q13. Let p be the statement 'Ravi races' and let q be the statement 'Ravi wins'.
Q6. The negation of the statement "If I will become famous then I will open a Then, the verbal translation of ∼ (p ∨ (∼ q)) is?
school" is (1) Ravi does not race and Ravi does not win.
(1) I will become famous and I will not open a school (2) It is not true that Ravi races and that Ravi does not win.
(2) Either I will not become famous or I will not open a school. (3) Ravi races and Ravi wins.
(3) Neither I will become famous nor I will open a school. (4) It is not true that Ravi races or that Ravi does not win.
(4) I will not become famous or I will open a school.

Q14. Negation of the conditional, "If it rains, I shall go to school" is
Q7. The proposition (∼ p) ∨ (p∧ ∼ q) is equivalent to (1) It rains and I shall go to school
(1) p →∼ q (2) It rains and I shall not go to school
(2) p∧ ∼ q (3) It does not rains and I shall go to school

(3) q → p (4) None of the above
(4) none
Q15. "No square of a real number is less than zero" is not equivalent to
(1) For every real number a, a is non-negative

2
Mathematical
(2) ∀a ∈ R, a 2
≥ 0 (4) None of these
(3) Both (For every real number a, a is non-negative) or (∀a ∈ R, a
2 2
≥ 0)
Mathematical
Answer Key
Q1 (3) Q2 (3) Q3 (2) Q4 (1)
Q5 (2) Q6 (1) Q7 (1) Q8 (3)
Q9 (4) Q10 (3) Q11 (4) Q12 (2)
Q13 (4) Q14 (2) Q15 (4)
Mathematical
Q1. In this problem, 2 statements exist, p and q. Both can be true or false. Hence, Q6.
there can be 4 possibilities.
p q
′ ′ ′ ′
T T a b a ⋅ b a + b a b a ⋅ b a ⋅ b
T F
1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1
F T
F F
1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0
The first choice is: (∼ q ∧ p) ∧ q

0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0
p q ∼ q ∼ q ∧ p (∼ q ∧ p) ∧ q
T T F F F 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0
T F T T T
From the table, we can say that X = a ⋅ b
F T F F F
F F T F F
Q7. (~p)∨(p ∧ ~q)
The second choice is (∼ q ∧ p) ∧ (p∧ ∼ p)

p q ∼ q ∼ q ∧ p ∼ p p∧ ∼ p (∼ q ∧ p) ∧ (p∧ ∼ p)
T T F F F F F p q ∼ p ∼ q p ∧ ∼ q (~p)∨(p ∧ ~q) p → ~q
T F T T F F F
T T F F F F F
F T F F T F F
F F T F T F F
T F F T T T T
The third choice is (∼ q ∧ p) ∨ (p∨ ∼ p)

F T T F F T T
p q ∼ q ∼ q ∧ p ∼ p p∼p (∼ q ∧ p) ∨ (p∨ ∼ p)
T T F F F T T F F T T F T T
T F T T F T T
F T F F T T T
Q8.
F F T F T T T
Here the statements are p :△ ABC is equilateral; q :△ ABC is isosceles.
A tautology is a statement that is always true.
Inverse of p ⇒ q is ∼ p ⇒ ∼ q
Choice 3 is the right answer.
Inverse statement is: If △ ABC is not equilateral then it is not isosceles.
Q2.
Q9.
We have,
2
There are two methods.
x − 7x + 10 > 0
Either, use truth table of double implication.

⇒(x − 2)(x − 5)> 0
OR
⇒ x ∈(−∞, 2)∪(5, ∞)
Apply the identity, ~(p ⟺ ~q)≡(~p ⟺ q)≡(p ⟺ ~q)

Clearly, x = 2, 3, 4, 5 does not satisfy
Q10.
Q3. A sentence which is either true or false but never both is called a statement.
(p ∧ ~q) ∨ q ∨ (~p ∧ q)
Hence x is good actor is not a statement and y is bad actress is also not a
≡((p ∧ ~q) ∨ q)∨(~p ∧ q)
statement.
≡((p ∨ ~q) ∧ t)∨(~p ∧ q)
Hence given sentence is not a statement
≡ (p ∨ q) ∨ (~p ∧ q)
Q4. p ⇒ q is false only if p is true and q is false. ≡ (p ∨ q ∨ ~p) ∧ (p ∨ q ∨ q)
So, p ⇒ (q ∨ r) is false only if p is true and (q ∨ r) is false. ≡(q ∨ t)∧(p ∨ q)
≡ t ∧(p ∨ q)
(q ∨ r) is false only if q and r are false.
≡ p ∨ q
Hence, the truth values of p, q, r are respectively T , F , F

Q11. (A) Option (A) is true only if p is true and (∼ p ⇒∼ q) is false which can
Q5. never be possible, hence (A) is a fallacy
Given that truth values of p is F & q is T . ∴ s → t is a tautology, if s is subset of t
~p = T .
(B) (p∧ ∼ q) is a subset of p, hence (p∧ ∼ q)⇒ p is a tautology, hence
We know that p ∨ q is true if at least one of them is true. ∼((p∧ ∼ q)⇒ p) is a fallacy
⇒(~p ∨ q) = T
(C) p is a subset of (p ∨ ~q), hence p ⇒(p∨ ∼ q) is a tautology, hence
⇒ ~(~p ∨ q) = F .
Mathematical
∼(p ⇒(p∨ ∼ q)) is a fallacy Given a circuit

(D) Option (D) is the negation of option (A), hence (D) is a tautology
Q12.
As we know from De Morgan's law, that
~(p ∨ q)≡ ~p ∧ ~q
The circuit pq is true when p is true or q is true.

Therefore, ~(q ∨ ~(p ∧ r))≡ ~q ∧(~(~(p ∧ r)))
Hence, the circuit pq is represented by p ∨ q.
Hence, ~(q ∨ ~(p ∧ r))≡ ~q ∧(p ∧ r)
Similarly, the circuit pr is true when p is true or r is true.
Q13. Hence, the circuit pr is represented by p ∨ r.
Given, p: Ravi races, q: Ravi wins. Now, the whole circuit is true only when both pq and pr is true.
We know that the symbol ' ∨ ' is used for the logical connective word "or". Thus, the whole circuit is represented by (p ∨ q)∧(p ∨ r).
∴ The statement of the given proposition ~(p ∨(~q)) is "It is not true that Ravi According to the distributive law (p ∨ q)∧(p ∨ r)= p ∨ (q ∧ r).
races or that Ravi does not win".
Q15. Square of a real number is always non-negative so both of these statements
Q14. are true.
Matrices
Q1. Determinant of second order is made with the element (3) A 2
0 and 1. The number of determinants with non negative (4) A
values is
Q6. Find number of possible triplets (α, β, γ),if
(1) 3 ∣ 0 α α ∣
∣ ∣
(2) 10 A =
∣
2β β −β
∣
is an orthogonal matrix.
∣ γ −γ γ ∣
(3) 11
(1) 8
(4) 13
(2) 6
i −i 1 −1
Q2. If A = [ ],B = [ ] , then A equals
8
(3) 4
−i i −1 1
(4) 2
(1) 4 B
(2) 128B ⎡
2 0 1
⎤
Q7. If A = ⎢ 2 1 3⎥ then the value of

(3) −128 B ⎣ ⎦
1 −1 0
(4) −64 B A
2
− 3A + 2I would be
1 0 0
3 7 ⎤
Q3. If the matrix A = [ ] satisfies the equation (1) 0 1 0⎥
2 5
⎦
2
0 0 1
A + λA + μI = O
1 −1 −1
⎤
( where,I = [
1 0
] and O = [
0 0
]) , then the value (2) 3 −3 −4 ⎥
0 1 0 0 ⎦
−3 2 −4
μ−λ
of 3
is 2 0 1
⎤
(3) 2 1 3⎥
⎦
Q4. If A is a non-null diagonal matrix of order 3 such that 1 −1 0
5 −1 2
A
4
= A
2
, then the possible number of matrices A are ⎡ ⎤
(4) ⎢ 9 −2 5 ⎥
(1) 27 ⎣
0 −1 −2
⎦
(2) 26
Q8. If A = [a ij ]
m×n
, aij = (i
2
+ j
2
− ij) (j − i) and n is
(3) 8
odd, then which of the following is not the value of Tr(A)
(4) 7
?
Q5. Let α be a root of the equation x 2

+ x + 1 = 0 and (1) 0
⎡
1 1 1
⎤ (2) |A|
the matrix A = 1
⎢1 α α
2
⎥ , then the matrix A 31
is
√3
⎣ 2 4 ⎦
(3) 2|A|
1 α α
equal to (4) None of these
(1) A 3
(2) I 3
Matrices
⎡
6 8 5
⎤ (3) 1
Q9. If A = ⎢ 4 is the sum of a symmetric matrix

108
2 3⎥
⎣
9 7 1
⎦ (4) 1
B and skew-symmetric matrix, C , then B is

Q13. If A is an invertible matrix of order 3 and B is
6 6 7
⎡ ⎤
(1) ⎢ 6 2 5⎥
another matrix of the same order as of A, such that
⎣ ⎦
7 5 1
|B| = 2, A
T
|A|B = A|B|B
T
. If
0 2 −2
⎡ ⎤ −1
(2) ⎢ −2 5 −2 ⎥
∣
∣
AB
−1 T
adj (A B)
∣
∣
= K , then the value of 4K is equal
⎣ ⎦
2 2 0
to
6 6 7
⎡ ⎤
(3) ⎢ −6 2 −5 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
Q14. All possible values of scalar k so that the matrix A −1
−7 5 1
1 0 2
⎡ ⎤
0 6 −2
⎡ ⎤
- kI is singular where A = ⎢ 0 2 1⎥
(4) ⎢ 2 0 −2 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
⎣ ⎦ 1 0 0
−2 −2 0
(1)
−1
,1
2
Q10. A and B are symmetric matrices of the same order. If

(2) −1, 1
X = AB + BA, Y = AB − BA and (XY ) is equal to

T
(3) 1
2
,
−1
(1) XY
(4) −1, 1
(2) Y X
Q15. If
(3) −Y X
0 1 2 1/2 −1/2 1/2
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤
(4) None of these A = ⎢1
−1
, then
2 3 ⎥ & A = ⎢ −4 3 C ⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
3 a 1 5/2 −3/2 1/2
5a −b
Q11. If A = [ ] and A ⋅ adjA = AA , then
T
3 2 values of a \& C are

5a + b is equal to (1) −1, 1
(1) 4 (2) 1, 2
(2) 13 (3) 1, −1
(3) −1 (4) −2, −1
(4) 5
1 tan θ
Q16. If A(θ) = [ ] and AB = I , then
− tan θ 1
Q12. If A and B are square matrices of order 3 such that
(sec
2
θ) B is equal to
|A| = 3 and |B| = 2, then the value of
(1) A(θ)
∣A−1 adjB−1 adj (3A−1 )∣
∣ ∣ is equal
(2) A ( θ
2
)
to
(3) A(−θ)
(1) 27
(4) A (− θ
)
(2) 27 2
Matrices
Answer Key
Q1 (4) Q2 (2) Q3 (3) Q4 (2)
Q5 (1) Q6 (1) Q7 (2) Q8 (1)
Q9 (1) Q10 (3) Q11 (4) Q12 (2)
Q13 (0.25) Q14 (2) Q15 (3) Q16 (3)
Matrices
Q1. Three determinant of second order negative value are ⎡

d1 0 0
⎤
∣ 0
Q4. Let, A =⎢ 0 d2 0 ⎥
1 ∣ ∣ 0 1 ∣ ∣ 1 1 ∣
possible ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ⎣
0 0 d3
⎦
∣ 1 0 ∣ ∣ 1 1 ∣ ∣ 1 0 ∣
2 4
d 0 0 d 0 0
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤
No. of possible determinant with element 0,1 are 2 4 1 1
= 16
2 4
=⎢ 0 ⎥ & A =⎢ 0 ⎥
2 4
A d 0 d 0
⎢ 2 ⎥ ⎢ 2 ⎥
so determinant with non negative value is 13 ⎣
0 0 d
2 ⎦ ⎣
0 0 d
4 ⎦
3 3
4 2 4 2
∵ A = A ⇒ d = d ⇒ d1 = 0,1, −1
Q2. We have A = iB 1 1
4 2
2 2 2 2 2
d = d ⇒ d2 = 0,1, −1
2 2
⇒ A = (iB) = i B = − B
4 2
2 −2 d = d ⇒ d3 = 0,1, −1
3 3
=[ ] = −2B
−2 2
∵ A can't be a null matrix so the total number of possible
4 2 2
⇒ A = (−2B) = 4B = 4(2B)= 8B
matrices is = 3 3
− 1 = 26
2 2
8 4 2
⇒ A = (A ) = (8B) = 64B = 128B
Q5.
Q3. This question can be easily done by using the concept
Here, α = ω, ω where ω is complex cube root of unity.
2
of characteristic equation of a matrix. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0

⎡ ⎤⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤
1
Consider the equation det (A - kI) = 0, where k is a
2 2 2
A = ⎢1 ω ω ⎥⎢ 1 ω ω ⎥ =⎢ 0 0 1⎥
3
⎣ 2 ⎦⎣ 2 ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
1 ω ω 1 ω ω 0 1 0
scalar.
1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0
⎡ ⎤⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤
Now, when we solve the equation |A − kI|= 0, then we ⇒ A

4
=⎢ 0 0 1 ⎥⎢ 0 0 1 ⎥ =⎢ 0 1 0⎥
⎣ ⎦⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
get a polynomial in k.
31 28 3 3 3
⇒ A = A × A = I × A = A
Here, if we put k = A(matrix), then the equation obtained
is called as the characteristic equation of square matrix A. Q6. AA T
= I
∣∣ 0 ∣
The characteristic polynomial of A is |A − kI|= 0. ∣ 0
∣
α α
∣∣
2β γ
∣
∣1 0 0∣
∣ ∣
∣ 2β β −β ∣∣ α β −γ ∣= 0 1 0
∣ 3 2 1 0 ∣ ∣ ∣∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
∴ ∣[ ]−k[ ]∣= 0 ∣ γ ∣∣ α ∣0
−γ γ −β γ ∣ 0 1∣
∣ 7 5 0 1 ∣
2
∣ 2a α 0 ∣ ∣1 0 0∣
∣ 3 − k ∣2
∣ ∣
⇒ ∣[ ]∣= 0 2 ∣ ∣
⇒ ∣ 0 6β 0 ∣= 0 1 0
∣ 7 5 − k ∣ ∣ ∣
∣ ∣
2
∣3 − k 2∣ ∣ 0 0 3γ ∣ ∣0 0 1∣
⇒ ∣ ∣= 0
∣ 7 5 − k∣ ⇒ 2a
2
= 1, 6β
2
= 1, 3γ
2
= 1
⇒ (3 − k)(5 − k)−14 = 0 1 1 1

∴ α ± , β = ± , γ = ±
√2 √6 √3
2
⇒ k − 8k + 1 = 0
∴ A
2
− 8A + I = 0
Q7.
We have
On comparing the above equation with the given equation
2 0 1 2 0 1
⎡ ⎤⎡ ⎤
A
2
+ λA + μI = O , we get A 2
= A. A = ⎢ 2 1 3⎥⎢2 1 3⎥
μ−λ ⎣ ⎦⎣ ⎦
λ = −8, μ = 1 ⇒ = 3 1 −1 0 1 −1 0
3
Matrices
4 + 0 + 1 0 + 0 − 1 2 + 0 + 0 6 8 5
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤
= ⎢4 + 2 + 3 0 + 1 − 3 2 + 3 + 0⎥ Q9. Given, A =⎢ 4 2 3⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
2 − 2 + 0 0 − 1 + 0 1 − 3 + 0 9 7 1
'
symmetric matrix B =
A+A
5 −1 2 amd
⎡ ⎤
2
= ⎢9 −2 5 ⎥
⎧ 6 8 5 6 4 9 6 6 7
⎪⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤⎫
⎪ ⎡ ⎤
⎣ ⎦
1
0 −1 −2
∴ B = ⎨⎢ 4 2 3 ⎥ +⎢ 8 2 7 ⎥ ⎬= ⎢ 6 2 5⎥
2
⎩
⎪ ⎭
⎦⎪
∴ A 2
− 3A + 2I
⎣
9 7 1
⎦ ⎣
5 3 1
⎣
7 5 1
⎦
5 −1 2 2 0 1 1 0 0
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤
= ⎢9 −2 5 ⎥ − 3⎢2 1 3⎥ + 2⎢0 1 0⎥
Q10.
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
0 −1 −2 1 −1 0 0 0 1 Since, A and B are symmetric matrices, hence
5 −1 2 6 0 3 2 0 0
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤
A
T
= A and B T
= B
= ⎢9 −2 5 ⎥ − ⎢6 3 9⎥ + ⎢0 2 0⎥
⎣
0 −1 −2
⎦ ⎣
3 −3 0
⎦ ⎣
0 0 2
⎦ Given that, X = AB + BA and Y = AB − BA
⎡
1 −1 −1
⎤
∴ X
T
= (AB + BA)
T
and Y T
= (AB − BA)
T
= ⎢ 3 −3 −4 ⎥
We know that (P
T T T
⎣ ⎦ ± Q) = P ± Q
−3 2 −4
⇒ X T
= (AB)
T
+ (BA)
T
and Y T
= (AB)
T
− (BA)
T
Q8.
Also, we know that (P Q)
T T T
= Q P
Given, ⇒ X T
= B
T
A
T
+ A
T
B
T
and Y T
= B
T
A
T
− A
T
B
T
A = [aij ] ⇒ X T
= BA + AB and Y T
= BA − AB
m×n
aij =(i
2
+ j
2
− ij)(j − i) ⇒ X T
= X and Y T
= −Y
Now, (XY )
T
Now, Replace i → j, j → i = Y
T
X
T
= −Y X
2 2
aji =(i + j − ij)(i − j)
5a −b 5a 3
⇒ aji = −(i
2
+ j
2
− ij)(j − i)
Q11. A =[ ] and A T
=[ ]
3 2 −b 2
2 2
⇒ aji = −aij 25a + b 15a − 2b
T
AA =[ ]
It is a skew-symmetric matrix where 15a − 2b 13
10a + 3b 0
aij + aji is equal to zero. Now, A. adjA =|A|I 2 =[ ]

0 10a + 3b
The determinant of Skew-Symmetric matrix Given AA T

= A. adj A
of odd order(n = 3) is always zero. 15a − 2b = 0 ......(i)

|A|= 0 10a + 3b = 13 .......(ii)
All diagonal elements of Skew-Symmetric Solving we get
matrix are zero. 5a = 2 and b = 3
So, ∴ 5a + b = 5
n
Tr(A)= ∑ aii = 0
Q12.
i=1
−1
∣A−1 adjB−1 adj(3A−1 )∣= |A| ∣
−1
∣ ∣ −1
)∣
∣ ∣ ∣adjB ∣∣adj(3A ∣
Matrices
2 2
= -λ3 + 3λ2 - 2λ - 4 + 2λ = 0
1 −1 −1
= ∣
∣B ∣
∣ × ∣
∣3A ∣
∣
|A|
6
1 1 3
=
|A|
×
|B|
2
×
|A|
2 = λ3 - 3λ2 + 4 = 0 ⇒ λ = 2, 2,-1 λ k = −1, 1
2
6
3 27
= =
4
Q15.
3 2
3 ×2
Q13. ⎡
0 1 2
⎤
T T
We have, A =⎢ 1 2 3⎥ &
∵ A |A|B = A|B|B ⎣ ⎦
3 a 1
Taking determinant on both sides, we get, ⎡

1/2 −1/2 1/2
⎤
T T
A
−1
= ⎢ −4 3 C ⎥
∣
∣A ∣
∣|A||B|=|A||B|∣
∣B ∣
∣
⎣ ⎦
5/2 −3/2 1/2
⇒|A|= 2
Since, A. A −1
= I
−1
Now, ∣
∣
AB
−1 T
adj(A B)
∣
∣ 0 1 2 1/2 −1/2 1/2
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤
−1
∣ ∣ 1 1 ⇒ A. A =⎢ 1 2 3 ⎥ ⎢ −4 3 C ⎥
∣ A∣ × ×
∣ ∣ |B| ∣adj(AT B)∣ ⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
3 a 1 5/2 −3/2 1/2
|A|
1 1 1
|A|× × = = 1 0 C + 1
|B| ∣ AT B ∣
2
|B|
3
|A|
2 16 ⎡ ⎤
=⎢ 0 1 2 + 2C ⎥
i.e. 4K = 1
4
= 0. 25
⎣ ⎦
4 − 4a 3a − 3 2 + ac
1 0 C + 1 1 0 0
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤
Q14. |A-1 - kI| = 0 ∴⎢ 0 1 2 + 2C ⎥=⎢ 0 1 0⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
|A|A-1 - kI| = 0 (|A| ≠ 0) 4 − 4a 3a − 3 2 + ac 0 0 1
Now, 4 − 4a = 0 ⇒ a = 1
|I - kA| = 0
∣ I
∣ ∣ 1
∣
and C + 1 = 0 ⇒ C = −1 .
∣ − A∣ = 0 ⇒ ∣ A − ⋅ I ∣= 0
k k
⇒ |A - λI| = 0 where λ = 1
k
Q16. AB = I ⇒ B = A
−1
∣1 − λ 0 2 ∣ 1 − tan θ
1
∣ ∣ = [ ]
2
= 0 2 − λ 1 = 0 1+tan θ
tan θ 1
∣ ∣
∣ 1 0 −λ ∣ 1
1 − tan θ
= [ ]
2
=(1 - λ) (-λ) (2 - λ) + 2(0 - (2 - λ)) = 0

sec θ
tan θ 1
1 − tan θ
2
⇒ (sec θ) B =[ ]= A(−θ)
tan θ 1
Permutation
Combination Top 500 Question Bank for JEE Main
Q1. The number of ways to fill each of the four cells of the table with a distinct (1) 9 11
− 1
natural number, such that the sum of the (2) 10 10

− 1
numbers is 10 and the sum of the numbers places diagonally are equal is (3) 11 9
− 1
(4) 10 9
Q8. Consider the number N = 10! . If the number of positive divisors of N is λ,
then 30
λ
equals
(1) 2! × 2! × 2!
Q9. There is an unlimited number of identical balls of four different colours. How
(2) 4!
many arrangements of atmost 8 balls in row can be made by using them?
(3) 2(4!)
(1) 97380
(4) 2!
(2) 87380
Q2. Find the number of words of four letters that can be formed from the letters of (3) 87370
the word 'EXAMINATION' (4) 87480
Q3. Let A be a set containing 10 distinct elements. Then the total number of Q10. The number of different ways in which the first twelve natural numbers can
distinct function from A to A, is be divided into three groups, each having four elements, such that the numbers in
(1) 10! each group are in arithmetic progression is
(2) 10 10
Q11. Find the number of ways in which 20 one rupee coins can be distributed
(3) 2 10
among 5 people such that each person gets atleast 3 rupees.

(4) 2 10
− 1
Q12. The sum of all values of r in

Q4. The Number of ways of choosing 10 objects out of 31 objects of which 10 are
18 18 18 20
identical and the remaining 21 are distinct, is: ( ) + 2( ) + ( ) ≥ ( ) must be
r − 2 r − 1 r 13
(1) 2 20
Q13. The exponent of 7 in 100! is

(2) 2 21
(1) 14
(3) 2 20
+ 1
(2) 15
(4) 2 20
− 1
(3) 16
Q5. The number of ways in which 4 boys and 4 girls can sit alternatively in a row (4) None of these
if a particular boy and a particular girl are never adjacent to each other, are
Q14. There are three coplanar parallel lines. If any p points are taken on each of
(1) 1152
the lines, the maximum number of triangles with vertices at these points are
(2) 504
(1) 3p 2
(p − 1) + 1
(3) 1656
(2) 3p 2
(p − 1)
(4) 648
(3) p 2
(4p − 3)
Q6. Number of ways in which 5 boys and 4 girls can be arranged on a circular (4) p 3
table such that no two girls sit together and two particular boys are always together.
Q15. In a polygon, no three diagonals are concurrent. If the total number of points
(1) 276
of intersection of diagonals interior to the polygon is 70, then the number of
(2) 288
diagonals of the polygon is
(3) 296
(1) 20
(4) 304
(2) 28
Q7. A shopkeeper has 10 copies each of nine different books, then the number of (3) 8
ways in which atleast one book can be selected is (4) 7
Permutation
Answer Key
Q1 (1) Q2 (2454.00) Q3 (2) Q4 (1)
Q5 (4) Q6 (2) Q7 (3) Q8 (9)
Q9 (2) Q10 (4) Q11 (105) Q12 (70)
Q13 (3) Q14 (3) Q15 (1)
Permutation
Q1. Q7. B1 B2 B3 … … .. B9
   
10 10 10 10
The natural numbers are 1, 2, 3 and 4 (any others would lead to the 1

st
kind of book can be selected in (10 + 1) ways.
sum exceeding 10) Similarly each kind of book can be selected in (10 + 1) ways.
Clearly, in one diagonal we have to place 1, 4 And in the other 2, 3 So, selection of atleast one book
So we first select a diagonal, and then we arrange the numbers in its =(10 + 1)(10 + 1)… … … . .(10 + 1)(9 times)−1
boxes = 11
9
− 1
Number of ways of selection of the diagonal = 2!

Q8.
The number of arrangements of numbers= 2! × 2! × 2! = 8. 8 4 2
10! = 2 ⋅ 3 ⋅ 5 ⋅ 7
Q2. Number of divisors = 9 × 5 × 3 × 2 = 270 = λ
(AA), (I I ), (N N ), E, X, M , T , O

Q9.
Case-1: All 4 different.
The number of arrangements of one ball= 4, because there are only four different
8
C × 4! = 1680
4
balls.
Case-2: 2 Alike, 2 different
The number of arrangements of two balls = 4 × 4 = 4 2
7 4!
3 × C × = 756
2 2!
∴ The required number of arrangements = 4 + 4 2 3
+ 4 +. . . . +4
8
Case -3: 2 alike of 1 kind, 2 alike of 2 nd

kind. 4 ( 4 −1 )
8
3 4!
=
4−1
.
( C × 1 × 1)× = 18
2 2!2!
4 8
= (4 − 1)
Total = 1680 + 756 + 18 = 2454 3
4
= × 65535
3
Q3. = 87380 .
If a set A has n elements and another set B contains r elements then total number
Q10.
of functions from A to B is r as for each of the n elements of input,there would be
n
No group can have a common difference ≥ 4 as there is no number ≥ 13

r choices of output.
If the group containing 1 has the common difference = 1 i.e. if one group is
Total number of distinct functions from A to A are r i.e. 10 n 10
.
(1,2, 3,4) , there will be two ways to group others - (5,6, 7,8), (9,10,11,12) and
Q4. There is only one way in which we can choose one, two or more objects from (5,7, 9,11),(6,8, 10,12) .
10 identical objects. If the group containing 1 has the common difference = 2 i.e. one group is
Number of ways of selecting 10 objects (1,3, 5,7) , there will be one way to group others (2,4, 6,8),(9,10,11,12).
21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21
= C10 + C9 + C8 + C7 + C6 + C5 + C4 + C3 + C2 + C1
21
If the group containing 1 has common difference = 3 i.e. if one group is
+ C0
(1,4, 7,10) there will be one way to group others (2, 5, 8, 11),(3, 6, 9, 12)
⇒ The number of ways = 2 + 1 + 1 = 4
We know n
Cr =
n
Cn−r and
21 21 21 21 21 21
⇒ 2 = C0 + C1 + C2 + C3 + C4 +. . . . . . . . .
Q11.
21 21
⎧ ∵ C21 = C0
⎪
+
21
C21 ⎨
21
C20 =
21
C1
Since, 5 people each get atleast 3 rupees
⎩
⎪

21
C19 =
21
C2 So, left Rs. 5 is to be distributed x 1 + x2 + x3 + x4 + x5 = 5
Required number of ways = 5+5−1

C5−1
21 21 21 21
= 2( C0 + C1 + C2 + … … … … … + C10 ) 9
= C = 105
4
21 21 21 21 20
⇒ C0 + C1 + C2 +. . . . . . . . . + C10 = 2
Q12.
Q5. Total number of ways in which boys and girls can seat alternatively 18 18 18 20
( )+2( )+( )≥( ) it means that
r − 2 r − 1 r 13
= 4! × 4! × 2 = 1152 .
18 18 18 20
C + 2 C + Cr ≥ C
r−2 r−1 13
When particular boy and particular girl are always together, then number of ways 18 18 18 20
18
⇒( C + C )+( C + Cr)≥ C
r−2 r−1 r−1 13
= 3! × 3! × 7 × 2 = 504 .
19 19 20
⇒ C + Cr ≥ C
r−1 13
∴ Required number of ways = 1152 − 504 = 648.

20 20
⇒ Cr ≥ C
13
Q6. Total number of ways = (3!) (2!) (4!) = 288 ⇒

20
Cr ≥
20
C
7
Hence 7 ≤ r ≤ 13
∴ r = 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13
Permutation
Required sum .
p p p
3
∴ = C × C × C = p
1 1 1
= 7 + 8 + 9 + 10 + 11 + 12 + 13 = 70 The number of triangles with two vertices on one line and the third
vertex on any one of the other two lines

Q13. p ( p−1 )
=
3
C {
1
P
C
2
×
2p
C }= 6p ⋅
1 2
.
The exponent of 7 in 100! can be found by dividing 100 by So, the required number of triangles
exponents of 7 and adding the quotients. = p
3 2
+ 3p (p − 1)= p (4p − 3)
2
.
The required exponent =
Q15.
[
100
7
] + [
100
49
]+[
100
343
] . . . = 14 + 2 + 0 = 16
where, [.] is the greatest integer function. A selection of 4 vertices of the polygon gives an intersection of two
diagonals.

Let the number of sides be n.

n
⇒ C = 70
4
Q14. ⇒ n(n − 1)(n − 2)(n − 3)= 24 × 70
= 8 × 7 × 6 × 5
We can either select the vertices of the triangle all on three different
∴ n = 8 .
lines or two vertices on one line and one on another line.
∴ The number of diagonals = 8
C − 8 = 20 .
The number of triangles with vertices on different lines 2
Probability
Q1. From the set of numbers {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8} two numbers are selected at respectively. The probability that the gun hits the plane is
random without replacement. The probability that their sum is more than 13 is (1) 0.108
(1) 14
1
(2) 0.892
(2) 3
4
(3) 0.14
(3) 3
2
(4) 0.91
(4) 3
2
Q9. A bag contains 3 red and 3 green balls and a person draws out 3 at random. He
Q2. A coin is tossed. If head turns up then pair of dice is thrown and sum of then drops 3 blue balls into the bag and
numbers is noted. If tail turns up then a card numbered from 1 to 9 is drawn and again draws out 3 at random. The chance that the 3 later balls being all of different
number is noted. The probability that the sum of numbers on dice or the number on colours is
card is 7 or 8, is: (1) 15%
(1) 13
36
(2) 20%
(2) 15
72
(3) 27%
(3) 19
72
(4) 40%
(4) 11
36
Q10. A sample space consists of 3 sample points with associated probabilities given
Q3. Out of 1000 boys in a school, 300 played cricket, 380 played hockey and 420 as 2p, p 2
, 4p − 1. Then the value of p is
played basketball. Of the total, 120 played both basketball and hockey, 100 played (1) √11 − 3
cricket and basketball, 70 played cricket and hockey and 56 played all the three (2) √10 − 3
games. If the probability of the number of boys who did not play any game is k, then (3) 1
4
< p <
1
200k is equal to (4) none
Q4. 5 girls and 10 boys sit a random in a row having 15 chairs numbered as 1 to 15. Q11. Box A contains 2 block and 3 red balls while box B contains 3 black and 4 red
If the probability that the end seats are occupied by the girls and odd number of boys balls. Out of these two boxes one is selected
take seat between any two girls is 20
n
⋅ then find the value of 3003n
10
at random and the probability of choosing box A is double that of box B. If a red
ball is drawn from the selected box, then

Q5. You are given a box with 20 cards in it. 10 of these cards have the letter I
the probability that it has come from box B is
printed on them. The other ten have the letter T printed on them. if you pick up 3
(1) 21
cards at random and keep them in the same order, the probability of making the 41
(2)
10
word IIT is 31
(3) 12
(1) 80
9 31
1 (4) 13
41
(2) 3
3
(3) 4
Q12. Three machines E 1, E2 and E in a certain factory produce 50%, 25% and
3
27
(4) 5 25% , respectively of the total daily output of

38
electric tubes. It is known that 4% of the tubes produced one each of machines E 1
Q6. Four persons independently solve a certain problem correctly with probabilities
and E are defective and that 5% of
2
1
,
3
,
1
,
1
. The probability that the problem is solved correctly by at least one of
2 4 4 8
those produced on E are defective. If one tube is picked up at random from a day's
3
them is P , then what is the value of 256P ?

production, the probability that it is
Q7. If A and B are any two events such that P (A) = 2
5
and P (A ∩ B) = 3
20
, then defective, is
the conditional probability, P (A ∣ (A ′ ′
∪ B )) , where A denotes the complement of
′
(1) 0.025
A , is equal to : (2) 0.125
(1) 11
20
(3) 0.325
(2) 17
5
(4) 0.0425
3
~
(3) 1
n
Q13. A biased coin with probability p, 0 < p < 1 of heads is tossed until a head
(4) 1
4 appears for the first time. If the probability that the number of tossed required is
Q8. The probability that an anti-aircraft gun can hit an enemy plane at the first, even is
second and third shot are 0.6, 0.7 and 0.1

2
5
, then p equal to
(1) 1
Probability
(2) 2
3
(3) 50
101
(3) 2
5
(4) 51
101
(4) 3
5
Q16. An unbiased coin is tossed 5 times. Suppose that a variable X is assigned the
Q14. In a workshop, there are five machines and the probability of any one of them value k when k consecutive heads are
to be out of service on a day is . If the 1
4
obtained for k = 3, 4, 5, otherwise X takes the value −1. Then the expected value
probability that at most two machines will be out of service on the same day is of X, is
3
(
3
) k , then k is equal to (1) 3
16
4
(1) 17 (2) 1
8
8
(2) 17
(3) 1
16
4
√
1
(4) 3
(3)
2
8
Q17. Let A and B are two events such that P (A ∪ B) = and

¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
(4) 4 1
6
, P (A ∩ B) =
1
¯
P (A) =
1
, where ¯
A represents the complement
Q15. One hundred identical coins each with probability p of showing up heads are 4
of event A. Then, events A and B are

tossed once. If 0 < p < 1 and the probability
(1) mutually exclusive and independent.
of heads showing on 50 coins is equal to that of heads showing on 51 coins, then the
(2) independent but not equally likely.
value of p is
(3) equally likely but not independent.
(1) 1
(4) equally likely and mutually exclusive.

(2) 49
101
Probability
Answer Key
Q1 (1) Q2 (3) Q3 (26.8) Q4 (2)
Q5 (4) Q6 (235) Q7 (2) Q8 (2)
Q9 (3) Q10 (1) Q11 (2) Q12 (4)
Q13 (1) Q14 (1) Q15 (4) Q16 (2)
Q17 (2)
Probability
Q1. n(S)= 8 7
C1 . C1 ;
n(E)=(6, 8), (8, 6), (7, 8), (8, 7)= 4;
1
P (E)=
14
Q2. Q7.
P (7 or 8)
Given P (A)= 2
5
=
8
20
& P (A ∩ B)= 3
20
′ ′ ′
∴ P (A ∪ B )= P (A ∩ B)
= P (H ) P (7 or 8)+P (T ) P (7 or 8)
1 11 1 2 11 1 19 = 1 − P (A ∩ B)
= × + × = + =
2 36 2 9 72 9 72
3 17
= 1 − =
20 20
Q3. ′ ′ ′
P (A ∩(A ∪ B ))= P (A ∩ B )
n(C)= 300, n(H)= 380, n(B)= 420

= P (A)−P (A ∩ B)
n(H ∩ B)= 120, n(B ∩ C)= 100

8 3 5
= − =
20 20 20
n(H ∩ C)= 70, n(C ∩ H ∩ B)= 56 P ( A∩ ( A ∪B ) )

′ ′
′ ′
∴ P (A|(A ∪ B ))=
′ ′
P ( A ∪B )
c c c c
n(C ∩ H ∩ B )= n[(C ∪ H ∪ B) ] 5
( )
20 5
= =
17
= n(U)−n(C ∪ H ∪ B) ( )
17
20
= 1000 −[n(c)+n(H)+n(B)−n(H ∩ C)−n(H ∩ B)−n(C ∩ B)+n(CC ∩ H ∩ B)]
Q8. Let the events of hitting the enemy plane at the first, second and third shot are
= 1000 −[300 + 380 + 420 − 120 − 100 − 70 + 56]
respectively A, B and C. Then as given

= 134
P (A)= 0.6, P (B)= 0.7, P (C)= 0.1

Required probability = 134
1000
Since events A, B, C are independent, so

Q4. required probability = P (A + B + C)
Total number of arrangements = 15! = 1 − P (A)P (B)P (C )
¯
¯¯¯ ¯
¯¯¯ ¯
¯¯¯
Boys in these four gaps be2x + 1, 2y + 1, 2z + 1 and 2t + 1, then

= 1 −(1 − 0.6)(1 − 0.7)(1 − 0.1)
2x + 1 + 2y + 1 + 2z + 1 + 2t + 1 = 10
= 1 −(0.4)(0.3)(0.9)
⇒ x + y + z + t = 3
= 1 − 0.108 = 0.892
Where x, y, z, t are integers and 0 ≤ x ≤ 3,

Q9.
0 ≤ y ≤3, 0≤ z ≤3, 0≤ t≤3
∴ The number of ways of selecting positions for boys We have a bag containing 3 red and 3 green balls. Now, he draws three
4
= coefficient of x in (1 + x + x 3 2
+ x )
3
balls from the bag. So, possible cases for the event is as follows:
4 4
1−x
= coefficient of x in ( 3
1−x
)
−4
4
= coefficient of x in (1 − x 3 4
) (1 − x) =
6
C
3
= 20
∴ Number of arrangements of boys and girls with given condition

= 20 × 20! × 5!
Required probability =
20×10!×5! 20
∴ =
15! 3003
Q5.
Let event A is getting a card marked as I in first draw.
Let event B is getting card marked as I in second draw.

Let event C is getting a card marked as T in third draw.
Required is P (A ∩ B ∩ C)= P (A)×P ( B/
A
)×P ( C/A∩B )
=
10
20
×
19
9
×
10
18
=
5
38
.
Q6.
P (problem solved by atleast one)= 1
− P (problem is not solved by all)

Clearly, from case (3) and (4), we cannot get balls of different
colours. Hence, probability is zero.

¯
¯¯ ¯
¯¯ ¯
¯¯ ¯
¯¯
= 1 − P (A )P (B )P (C )P (D )
1 1 3 7 21 235
Now,
= 1 −( )( )( )( )= 1 − =
2 4 4 8 256 256
probability of drawing 1 red and 2 green balls is
256P = 235
Probability
3 3
C ⋅ C
E E E
=
1
6
2
=
9
20
. P (E)= P (
B1
)P (B1 )+(
B3
)P (B)+(
B3
)P (B3 ).
C
3
2 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1
C ⋅ C ⋅ C
⇒ P (E)= × + × + ×
Then, P (1)= 1
6
1 1
=
6
20
. 2 25 4 25 4 20
C
3
⇒ P (E)= 0. 0425
And,
probability of drawing 2 red and 1 green ball is Q13. Let q = 1 − p. Since, head appears first time in an even throw 2 or 4 or 6
3 3
C ⋅ C
=
1
6
2
=
9
20
. ∴
2
5
= qp + q p + q p+. . .
3 5
C
3
1 2 3
2 qp
C ⋅ C ⋅ C
∴ =
Then, P (2)= 1
6
1 1
=
6
20
. 5 1−q
2
C
3
( 1−p ) p
2
⇒ =
Hence, required potability is 5
1− ( 1−p )
2
2 1−p
=(
20
9
×
6
20
)+(
20
9
×
6
20
) . ⇒
5
=
2−p
= 2(
9
20
×
6
20
)=
100
27
or 27%. ⇒ 4 − 2P = 5 − 5P ⇒ p =
3
Q14.
Q10.
Required probability = when no machine has fault + when one machine has fault +
We know that sum of probabilities of all exhaustive events for a when two machines have fault.
sample space is 1. 5
3
5
5
1 3
4
5
1
2
3
3
= C ( ) + C ( )( ) + C ( ) ( )
0 4 1 4 4 2 4 4
2
⇒ p + 2p + 4p − 1 = 1 243 405 270 918 459 27×17
= + + = = =
1024 1024 1024 1024 512 64×8
2
⇒ p + 6p − 2 = 0 3 3
3 3 17
⇒ ( ) × k = ( ) ×
2 4 4 8
−6±√6 −4 ( 1 ) ( −2 )
⇒ p = = −3 ± √11 . . .(i) 17
2(1) ∴ k =
8
We also know that probability of an event belongs to [0, 1].

Q15. We have
50 49
100 50 100 51
C50 p (1 − p) = C51 p (1 − p)
2
⇒ 0 ≤ p ≤ 1 & 0 ≤ 2p ≤ 1 & 0 ≤ 4p − 1 ≤ 1
1−p
1 1 1
or p
=
100!
51! ⋅49!
×
50! ⋅50!
100!
=
50
51
or 51 − 51p = 50p
⇒ −1 ≤ p ≤ 1 & 0 ≤ p ≤ & ≤ p ≤
2 4 2
51
⇒ p =
1 1 101
⇒ ≤ p ≤ . . .(ii)
4 2
From equations (i) & (ii), Q16.

p = √11 − 3 If k represents the number of consecutive heads and P (k) is the corresponding
probability while an unbiased coin is tossed 5 times, then

Q11.
k 0 1 2 3 4 5
1 2
P (A)= 2(B)⇒ P (B)= P (A)=
3 3
1 4 1 12 11 5 2 1
⋅ P (k)
Required Probability = 2
3
3
7
1 4
=
10
31
. 2
5
2
5
2
5
2
5
2
5
2
5
⋅ + ⋅
Now, the expected value of variable X is

3 5 3 7
Q12. (−1)
1
+(−1)
12
+(−1)
11
+(3)
5
+(4)
2
+(5)
1
5 5 5 5 5 5
2 2 2 2 2 2
1
= [−1 − 12 − 11 + 15 + 8 + 5]
Let 2
5
28−24 4 1 1
= = = =
E → Event that the tube is defective. 2
5
2
5
2
3 8
B1 → Event when E produces the tube. 1 Q17.

B2 → Event when E produces the tube. 2 Given, P (¯A
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
∪ B )=
1
⇒ 1 − P (A ∪ B)=
1
6 6
B3 → Event when E produces the tube. 3 ⇒(1 − P (A))−P (B)+P (A ∩ B)=

1
P (B1 )=
50
100
=
1
2
and P ( B1
E
)=
100
4
=
1
25
. ¯
¯¯
⇒ P (A ) − P (B)+P (A ∩ B)=
1
P (B2 )=
25
100
=
1
4
and P ( B2
E
)=
100
4
=
1
25
. ⇒
1
− P (B)+
1
=
1
4 4 6
P (B3 )=
25
100
=
1
4
and P ( B3
E
)=
100
5
=
1
20
. ⇒ P (B)=
1
3
and P (A)= 1 − 1
4
=
3
Now, As, P (A ∩ B)= P (A)P (B)

So, events A and B are independent events but they are not equally likely.
Quadratic
Equation Top 500 Question Bank for JEE Main
Q1. If the roots of the quadratic equation (3) 3

(b − c)x
2
+ (c − a)x + (a − b) = 0 are equal, then a, b, c are in (4) 2
(1) A.P.
Q8. The entire graph of the expression y = x 2
+ kx − x + 9 is strictly
(2) G.P.
above the x-axis if and only if
(3) H. P.
(1) k < 7
(4) None of these
(2) −5 < k < 7
Q2. If the roots of the equation bx 2
+ cx + a = 0 be imaginary, then for all (3) k > −5
real values of x, the expression (4) None of these
3b x
2 2
+ 6bcx + 2c
2
is
Q9. The equation, π x
= −2x
2
+ 6x − 9 has
(1) Greater than 4ab
(1) no solution
(2) Less than 4ab
(2) one solution
(3) Greater than −4ab
(3) two solutions
(4) Less than −4ab
(4) infinite solutions
Q3. Let a, b and c be the three distinct non-zero real numbers satisfying the
Q10. If the equation a n
x
n
+ an−1 x
n−1
+ … + a1 x = 0, a1 ≠ 0, n ≥ 2 , has
system of equations 1
+
1
+
1
= 1 , 1
+
1
+
1
= 1 and
a a−1 a−2 b b−1 b−2
a positive root x = α, then the equation
1
+
1
+
1
= 1 . Then, abc is equal to
c c−1 c−2
nan x
n−1
+ (n − 1)an−1 x
n−2
+ … + a1 = 0 has a positive root, which is
(1) 1
(1) Smaller then α
(2) 2
(2) Greater then α
(3) 3
(3) Equal to α
(4) 4
(4) Greater then or equal α
Q4. The equation (a + 2)x 2
+ (a − 3)x = 2a − 1, a ≠ −2 has roots
Q11. The value of a for which both the roots of the equation
rational for
(1 − a ) x
2 2
+ 2ax − 1 = 0 lie between 0 and 1, will always be greater than
(1) all rational values of a except a = −2
(2) all real values of a except a = −2 Q12. In the given figure, the graph of y = p(x) = x 4
+ ax
3
+ bx
2
+ cx + d
(3) rational values of a > 1 is given.

2
(4) irrational values
Q5. Let α and β are roots of equation x 2

− 2x − 7 = 0 and a n = α
n
− β
n
,
a2021 −2(a2020 +a2019 )
then value of a2019
is
Q6. Consider the equation x 2

+ 2x − n = 0 , where n ∈ N and n ∈ [5, 100].
The total number of different values of n so that the given equation has
integral roots is The product of all the imaginary roots of p(x) = 0 is
(1) 8 (1) 1
(2) 3 (2) 2
(3) 6 (3) 1
(4) 4 (4) 1
Q7. If the equations x 2

+ 2x + 3λ = 0 and 2x 2
+ 3x + 5λ = 0 have a non- Q13. Let N be the product of non-real roots of
zero common root, then λ is equal to x

4
− 4x
3
+ 6x
2
− 4x = 9999 , then sum of digits of N equals
(1) 1
Q14. The number of real roots of the equation x 5
+ 3x
3
+ 4x + 30 = 0 is
(2) −1
Quadratic
(1) 1 Q15. Two roots of the cubic x 3

+ 3x
2
+ kx − 12 = 0 are real and unequal
(2) 2 but have the same absolute value. Then the value of k is
(3) 3 (1) 4
(4) 5 (2) −4
(3) 6
(4) −9
Quadratic
Answer Key
Q1 (1) Q2 (3) Q3 (2) Q4 (1)
Q5 (5) Q6 (1) Q7 (2) Q8 (2)
Q9 (1) Q10 (1) Q11 (2) Q12 (1)
Q13 (2) Q14 (1) Q15 (2)
Quadratic
Q1. Given equation: (b − c)x Product of roots = −

2a−1
2
+(c − a)x +(a − b)= 0
a+2
Putting x = 1, we get Therefore, other root = −( 2a−1
a+2
) Rational, ∀a, a ≠ −2
(b − c)+(c − a )+(a − b)= 0 Also, discriminant of the given equation is

So, x = 1 is a root but both roots are equal so both roots are 1, 1. D = (a − 3)
2
− 4(a + 2)(1 − 2a)
− ( c−a )
Now sum of roots 1 + 1 = ( b−c )
⇒ D =[a
2
+ 9 − 6a − 4(−3a − 2a
2
+ 2)]
− ( c−a )
2
⇒ 2 = ⇒ 2b − 2c = −c + a ⇒ D =[9a + 6a + 1]
( b−c )
2
⇒ 2b = a + c ⇒ D = (3a + 1)
⇒ a, b, c are in A. P. Clearly, discriminant is a perfect square. Hence, given equation
has rational roots for all values of a except a = −2
Q2. Given b x 2
+ cx + a = 0 has imaginary roots
⇒ c
2
− 4ab < 0 Q5.
⇒ c
2
< 4ab For equation x 2
− 2x − 7 = 0
⇒ − c
2
> −4ab ...(i) α + β = 2 and αβ = −7
a2021 −2 ( a2020 +a2019 )
Let f (x)= 3b 2
x
2
+ 6bcx + 2c
2
Now, a2019
2021 2019 2020 2020 2019 2019

α −β −2 ( α −β +α −β )
Here, 3b 2
> 0 =
2019 2019
α −β
2019 2 2019 2 2019 2019
So, the given expression has a minimum value =

α ( α −2α ) −β ( β −2β ) −2 ( α −β )
2019 2019
α −β
∴ Minimum value= −D
4a As α and β are roots of x 2

− 2x − 7 = 0
2
4ac−b
=
4a So, α 2
− 2α = 7 and β 2
− 2β = 7
2 2 2 2
4 ( 3b ) ( 2c ) −36b c 2019 2019 2019 2019
7α −7β −2 ( α −β )
=
2
4(3b ) =
2019 2019
α −β
2 2 2019 2019
12b c 2 5(α −β )
= − = −c > −4ab
12b
2 =
2019 2019
α −β
[from Eq. (i)] = 5
Q3. Q6.
Given, We have,
1 1 1
+ + = 1 2
a a−1 a−2 x + 2x − n = 0
1 1 1
b
+
b−1
+
b−2
= 1
We know that for a Quadratic equation
1 1 1
−b±√b −4ac
2
+ + = 1
c c−1 c−2 ax
2
+ bx + c = 0, a ≠ 0 the roots are x = 2a
.
We can see that a, b and c satisfy the equation of the form
⇒ x = −1 ± √n + 1
given as,
Thus, n + 1 should be a perfect square for integral roots.
1 1 1
+ + = 1
x (x−1) x−2 Now,
Thus, the roots of the above equation are a, b and c. n ∈[5, 100]⇒ n + 1 ∈[6, 101]
⇒ x(x − 1)(x − 2) = (x − 1)(x − 2) + x(x − 1) + x(x − 2)

Perfect square values of n + 1 are 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100
3 2 2
x − 3x + 2x = 3x − 6x + 2
Hence, number of values is 8.
3 2
x − 6x + 8x − 2 = 0
The product of the roots of abc is 2. Q7.
Q4. We have,
2
x + 2x + 3λ = 0 . . .(i)
Given: 2x
2
+ 3x + 5λ = 0 . . .(ii)
2
(a + 2)x +(a − 3)x = 2a − 1, a ≠ −2
Multiplying equation (i) by 2 and subtracting from (ii), we get
The sum of the coefficients −x − λ = 0
=(a + 2)+(a − 3)−(2a − 1)= 0

⇒ x = −λ
So, x = 1 is a root.
Quadratic
Putting in (i), we get Q11. Given equation is (1 − a 2

)x
2
+ 2ax − 1 = 0
λ
2
− 2λ + 3λ = 0 Its discriminant D = 4 and roots are 1
a−1
,
1
a+1
⇒ λ
2
+ λ = 0 Given, 0 < 1
a−1
< 1, 0 <
1
a+1
< 1
⇒ λ = 0, − 1 . Now, a−1
1
> 0 ⇒ a > 1,
For a non-zero common root, λ = −1. a−1

1
< 1 ⇒
a−1
1
− 1 < 0
2−a
⇒ < 0 ⇒ a < 1 or a > 2
Q8. a−1
∴ a > 2 .... (1)

and
2 1
y = x + kx − x + 9 > 0 ⇒ a > −1
a+1
Entire graph is above x-axis only if it does not have real roots and 1
< 1 ⇒ −
a
< 0
a+1 a+1
and a > 0. ⇒ a < −1 or a > 0
⇒ a > 0, D < 0 . ∴ a > 0 ... (2)
From (1) and (2), a > 2

2
⇒ b − 4ac < 0
2
⇒ (k − 1) − 4(1)(9)< 0
2
Q12.
⇒ (k − 1) < 36
⇒ −6 < k − 1 < 6 Given,

4 3 2
⇒ −5 < k < 7 p(x)= x + ax + bx + cx + d
It is passing through (1, 0)
Q9.
Hence, p(1)= 0
x 2
π = −2x + 6x − 9 ⇒ a + b + c + d = 0
For −2x 2
+ 6x − 9 , leading coefficient is negative implies that It is passing through (0, 2). Hence, we get,
graph will be concave down. ⇒ p(0)= 2
Maximum value of −2x 2

+ 6x − 9 occurs at ⇒ d = 2
x = −
b
2a
= −
6
( −2 )
= 3 . The product of all the roots of the bi-quadratic equation is
Maximum values is given as,
−2(3)
2
+ 6 × 3 − 9 = −18 + 18 − 9 = −9 . a constant term/coefficient of x 4
= 2
This implies range of −2x 2

+ 6x − 9 is (−∞, −9]. From the graph given, we can see that the real roots of p(x) are
given as,
π
x
is increasing exponential function which is always positive.
x = 1, 2 (as it intersects the real axis at (1, 0) and (2, 0))
x
π ∈(0, ∞)
Thus, the product of the real roots is 2.
Left-hand side is always positive and right-hand side is always
Hence, the product of the imaginary roots can be given as,
negative implies both cannot be equal.
Product of all the roots/Product of real roots.
⇒ No solution. 2
=
2
Q10. = 1
Let f (x)= a n
x
n
+ an−1 x
n−1
+. . . +a1 x . . .(1)
Q13.
∴ f (0)= 0
4 3 2
x − 9x + 6x − 4x + 1 = 10000
Now f (α)= 0 Since, x = α is a root of differentiate equation (1) w.r.t. x, 4 2

⇒ (x − 1) = (100)
we get
⇒ (x − 1)
2
= 100 or 100i where i = √−1
2
' n−1 n−2

f (x)= nan x +(n − 1)an−1 x + ... + a1 = 0
For non-real roots, (x − 1)
2 2
= 100i
Since, f (α)= f (0)= 0.

⇒ x = +10i, 1 − 10i
So, according to Rolle's theorem f '(x)= 0 somewhere in between 0 & α.

So, N =(1 + 10i)(1 − 10i)= 1 + 100 = 101
Hence, f '(x)= 0 will have a root smaller than α.

Sum of digits of N = 1 + 0 + 1 = 2
Quadratic
Q14. Let f (x)= x 5

+ 3x
3
+ 4x + 30 Now, product of the roots is (r)(−r)(t) = 12
' 4 2 2
⇒ f (x)= 5x + 9x + 4 ⇒ −r (−3) = 12
'
⇒ f (x)> 0 for all x ∈ R ⇒ r
2
= 4
Hence, the f (x)= 0 has only one real root. Hence, roots are 2, −2 and −3
Now, sum of the product taken two at a time is
Q15.
r(−r) + (−r)t + tr = k
Let the roots are r, −r and t
⇒ −4 − 6 + 6 = k
Hence, r − r + t = −3 ⇒ t = −3
⇒ k = −4
Sequences
and Series Top 500 Question Bank for JEE Main
Q1. The sum of the infinite series 1 + 2
3
+
7
2
+
12
3
+
17
4
+
22
5
+ …… is Q9. Given a, b, c are positive integers forming an increasing G.P., b − a is
3 3 3 3
equal to: a perfect square of a natural number, and log 6

a + log
6
b + log
6
c = 6 . Find
3(a+b+c)
(1) 9
4
the sum of digits of the value of 111
(2) 15
4
Q10. The sum of an infinite geometric progression is 57 and the sum of
(3) 11
4
their cubes is 9747, then what will be the common ratio of the geometric
(4) 13
4
progression?
Q2. The sum to n terms of the series 1.3 2
+ 2.5
2
+ 3.7
2
+ … is (1) 1
(1) n
6
(n + 1) (6n
2
+ 14n + 7) (2) 2
(2) n
6
(n + 1)(2n + 1)(3n + 1) (3) 1
(3) 4n 3
+ 4n
2
+ n (4) None of these
(4) None of the above

Q11. In a geometric progression, if the ratio of the sum of first 5 terms to
Q3. The difference between any two consecutive interior angles of a the sum of their reciprocals is 49, and the sum of the first and the third term
polygon is 5 . If the smallest angle is 120 , then the number of the sides of
∘ ∘
is 35. Then the first term of this geometric progression is
the polygon is (1) 28
(2) 21
Q4. The sides of a right-angled triangle are in arithmetic progression. If the
(3) 7
triangle has area 24 square units, then what is the length of its smallest
(4) 42
side?
Q12. The minimum value of the sum of numbers
Q5. If a 1, a2 , … an are in arithmetic progression, where a 1 > 0 for all i.
a
−5
,a
−4
,a
−3
,a
−3
,a
−3
, 1, a
8
and a 10
with a > 0 is.
Then, 1
+
1
+ … +
1
is equal to
√ a1 +√ a2 √ a2 +√ a3 √an−1 +√an
2
(1)
n (n+1)
Q13. If m arithmetic means (A.Ms) and three geometric means (G.Ms) are
2
(2)
n−1
inserted between 3 and 243 such that 4 A.M. is equal to 2 th nd
G.M., then m
√ a1 +√ an
(3)
n(n−1)
is equal to:
2
(4) None of these

Q14. If 2(y − a) is the harmonic mean between y − x and y − z, then
Q6. If V denotes the sum of the first r terms of an arithmetic progression

r
x − a, y − a and z − a are in
(AP), whose first term is r and the common difference is (2r − 1). Then, (1) arithmetic progression
the sum of V 1 + V2 + … + Vn is (2) geometric progression
(1) 1
n(n + 1) (3n
2
− n + 1)
(3) harmonic progression
12
(2) 1
n(n + 1) (3n
2
+ n + 2)
(4) none of these
12
(3) 1
n (2n
2
− n + 1)
2 Q15. Let X 1, X2 , X3 … are in arithmetic progression with a common
(4) 1
(2n
3
− 2n + 3)
3 difference equal to d which is a two digit natural number.
Q7. If l, m, n are in arithmetic progression, then the straight line y1 , y2 , y3 … are in geometric progression with common ratio equal to 16.
lx + my + n = 0 will pass through the point Arithmetic mean of X 1, X2 … Xn is equal to
(1) (−1, 2) the arithmetic mean of y 1, y2 … yn which is equal to 5. If the arithmetic
(2) (1, −2) mean of X 6

, X7 … Xn+5 is equal to the
(3) (1, 2) arithmetic mean of y P+1 , yP+2 … yP+n , then d is equal to
(4) (2, 1) Q16. Let three positive numbers a, b, c are in geometric progression, such
log2.5 (
1
+
1
+
1
+…..∞) that a, b + 8, c are in arithmetic progression and a, b + 8, c + 64 are in
Q8. The value of 0.16 is
3 2 3
3 3
Sequences
3n 3n−2 3n−1
geometric progression. If the arithmetic mean of a, b, c is k, then is Q20. If a = ∑ and c = ∑ then the
3 ∞ x ∞ x ∞ x
k ,b = ∑
13 n=0 (3n)! n=1 (3n−2)! n=1 (3n−1)!
equal to value of a 3
+ b
3
+ c
3
− 3abc =
(1) 1
Q17. In a sequence of 21 terms, the first 11 terms are in AP with common
(2) 0
difference 2 and the last 11 terms are in GP with common ratio 2. If the
(3) −1
middle term of AP be equal to the middle term of the GP, then the middle
(4) −2
term of the entire sequence is
(1) − 10
31
Q21. ∑ n
r=1 4
r
2
is equal to
r +r +1
2
(2) 10
31
(1)
n +n
2
2(n +n+1)
(3) 32 2
(2)
n +2n
31
2
2(n +n+1)
(4) − 31
32 (3)
2n +n
2
2
2(n +n+1)
(4)
n +n
Q18. The sum of n terms of the series 5 + 7 + 13 + 31 + 85 + … is 2
(n +n+1)
(1) 1
n(2n + 1)
p
Q22. Let the sum ∑ , written in the rational form be
2 9 1
n=1 n(n+1)(n+2) q
(2) 1
(3
n
+ 8n − 1)
q−p
(where p and q are co-prime), then the value of [ is, (where [.] is the
2
]
10
(3) 1
2
(3
2n
− 2n)
greatest integer function)

(4) 1
2
(3
n
+ 4n − 1)
Q23. The sum to n terms of the series 1 + 3 + 7 + 15+ is

Q19. Find the sum of n− terms of the series 1
2
,
3
4
,
7
8
,…
(1) 2 n+1
− n
(1) n − 1
(2) 2 n
− n − 2
(2) n − 2 −n
(3) 2 n
− n
(3) n − 2 n
(4) 2 n+1
− n − 2
(4) None of these
Sequences
Answer Key
Q1 (4) Q2 (1) Q3 (9.00) Q4 (6)
Q5 (2) Q6 (2) Q7 (2) Q8 (4.00)
Q9 (3) Q10 (2) Q11 (1) Q12 (8)
Q13 (39) Q14 (2) Q15 (15) Q16 (4)
Q17 (1) Q18 (2) Q19 (1) Q20 (1)
Q21 (1) Q22 (8) Q23 (4)
Sequences
Q1. S = 1 +
2
3
+
7
2
+
12
3
+
17
4
+ …
3 3 3
S 1 2 7 12
= + + + + …
3 3 2 3 4
3 3 3
2S
3
= 1 +
1
3
+
5
2
+
5
3
+
5
4
+ …+ up to infinite terms
3 3 3
13
⇒ S =
4
Q2. Where, d > 0, a > 0.
Given series is 1. 3 2
+ 2. 5
2
+ 3. 7
2
+ . . . . ∞ . ⇒ length of smallest side = a − d units
This is an arithmetic-geometric series whose nth term is equal to Now, (a + d) 2
= a
2
+ (a − d)
2
2 3 2
Tn = n(2n + 1) = 4n + 4n + n ⇒ a(a − 4d)= 0
∴ Sn = ∑
n
1
Tn = ∑ (4n
n
1
3
+ 4n
2
+ n) ∴ a = 4d .....(i)
= 4∑
n
1
n
3
+ 4∑
n
1
n
2
+ ∑
n
1
n (As a = 0 is rejected)
2
= 4(
n
(n + 1)) +
4
n(n + 1)(2n + 1)+
n
(n + 1) Also, 1
2
a.(a − d)= 24
2 6 2
= n(n + 1)[n
2
+ n +
4
(2n + 1)+
1
]
⇒ a(a − d)= 48 .....(ii)
6 2
=
n
(n + 1)(6n
2
+ 14n + 7)
∴ From (i) and (ii), we get a = 8, d = 2
6
Hence, length of smallest side is

Q3.
(a − d)=(8 − 2)= 6 units
Here the angles of a polygon of n sides form an A. P. whose first term is
Q5. Since, a 1, a2 , … , an are in arithmetic progression.
120
o
and common difference is 5 o
.
Then, a − a1 = a3 − a2 =. . . = an − an−1 = d
Now, the sum of interior angles 2
n n Where d is common difference

Sn = [2a + (n − 1) d] = [2 × 120 + (n − 1) 5]
2 2
Now, 1
+
1
+ … +
1
Sn =
n
2
[240 + 5n − 5] =
n
2
(235 + 5n) ...(1) √ a2 +√ a1 √ a3 +√ a2 √an +√an−1
√ a2 −√ a1 √ a3 −√ a2 √an −√an−1
= + + … +
Also the sum of interior angles = 180 (n − 2) d d d
1 √ an +√ a1
From equation (1), =

d
(√ a n − √ a 1 ) ×
√ an +√ a1
1 an −a1 n−1
n = ( )=
∴ (235 + 5n)= 180n − 360 d √ an +√ a1 √ an +√ a1
2
5n
⇒ (47 + n) = 180 (n − 2)
2
Q6.
⇒ n(47 + n) = 72(n−2)
⇒ n
2
+ 47n = 72n − 144
Vr = Sum of first r terms of an AP whose first term is r and
⇒ n
2
− 25n + 144 = 0
common difference is (2r − 1)
r
= [2r +(r − 1)(2r − 1)]
⇒ (n − 16)(n − 9) = 0 2
r 2
⇒ n ≠ 16 = [2r + 2r − 3r + 1]
2
∴ n = 9. r 2
= [2r − r + 1]
2
1 3 2
= [2r − r + r]
2
∴ n ≠ 16 , because for n = 16, one of the interior angle will become 180 o
,
Now, ∑ n
r=1
Vr =
1
2
[2 ∑
n
r=1
r
3
− ∑
n
r=1
r
2
+ ∑
n
r=1
r]
which is not possible. 2

1 n ( n+1 ) n ( n+1 ) ( 2n+1 ) n ( n+1 )
= [2 ⋅ ( ) − + ]
For n = 16 ⇒ 120 o o
, 125 , ......., 180 , ....., 195
o o
and for 2 2 6 2
2 2
n ( n+1 ) n ( n+1 ) ( 2n+1 ) n ( n+1 )
1
n = 9 ⇒ 120 , 125 , ......, 160
o o o
. =
2
[
2
−
6
+
2
]
n ( n+1 ) ( 2n+1 )
= [n(n + 1)− + 1]
Q4. 4 3
n ( n+1 ) 2
3n +3n−2n−1+3
= [ ]
Let three sides of triangle be: a − d, a, a + d. 4 3
n ( n+1 )
2
= (3n + n + 2)
12
Q7. Since, l, m, n are in AP
∴ 2m = l + n
Sequences
2 3 4
Given equation of line is Q11.

a+ar+ar +ar +ar
= 49
1 1 1 1 1
+ + + +
a ar
ar2 ar3 ar4
2 3 4
lx + my + n = 0 a [ 1+r+r +r +r ]
⇒ = 49
1 4 3 2
[ r +r +r +r+1 ]
∵ l − 2m + n = 0 , x = 1 & y = −2 satisfy ln + my + n = 0 ar4
2 4
⇒ a r = 49
Q8. ⇒ ar
2
= 7
1 1 1
log ( + + +….∞ )
2.5 3 32 33
0. 16 ⇒ T3 = 7
1
⎛ ⎞
3 T1 + T3 = 35
log2.5 ⎜ ⎟ 1
1 log 5 ( )
⎝ 1− ⎠ 4 2
= 0. 16 3
= ( ) 2
25 T1 + 7 = 35
1
−2 log 5 ( ) −2
2
5 1 T1 = 28
= ( ) 2
= ( ) = 4
2 2
Q9. a, b, c are in G.P. Q12. Using AM ≥ GM
b
2
= ac

1
−5 −4 −3 −3 −3 8 10
a +a +a +a +a +1+a +a
−5 −4 −3 −3 −3 8 10 8
log a + log b + log c = 6 ≥ (a ⋅ a ⋅ a ⋅ a ⋅ a ⋅ 1 ⋅ a ⋅ a )
6 6 6 8
1
6 18 8
abc = 6 a
≥ ( )
18
a
3 6
b = 6
2
b = 6 = 36
⇒ a −5
+ a
−4
+ 3a
−3
+ 1 + a
8
+ a
10
≥ 8.1
4 4
ac = 36x36 = 2 x3
∴ Minimum value is 8
2
b − a = N
2
Q13.
36 − a = N
Let 3, A 1, A2 , A3 , . . . . . . Am , 243 are in arithmetic progression with m

a is a factor of 2 4
3
4
arithmetic means.
a = 27 is possible value
Common difference d =
243−3 240
2 =
m+1 m+1
36 − 27 = 9 = 3
Let 3, G , G2 , G3 , 243 are in geometric progression with 3 geometric

⇒ a = 27, b = 36, c = 48 1
means.
a + b + c = 111
1
1
Common ratio r = ( 243 3+1
) = (81) 4 = 3
3
Q10.
Given G 2 = A4
Let a be the first term and r the common ratio of the G. P . Then
2 240
⇒ 3(3) = 3 + 4( )
sum= 57 ⇒ 1−r
a
= 57 .......(i) m+1
960
⇒ 27 = 3 +
Sum of the cubes = 9747 m+1
⇒ m + 1 = 40
3 3 3 3 6
⇒ a + a r + a r + … = 9747
3 ⇒ m = 39
⇒
a
3
= 9747 .......(ii)
1−r
Dividing the cube of (i) by (ii), we Q14. It is given that, y − x, 2(y − a) and (y − z) are in harmonic
3 3
progression.
3 ( 1−r ) (57)
get a
3
⋅
3
=
9747
(1−r) a
1−r
3
⇒
y−x
1
,
1
,
y−z
1
are in arithmetic progression.
⇒ = 19 2 ( y−a )
3
(1−r)
1 1 1 1
2 ⇒ − = −
1+r+r 2 ( y−a ) y−x y−z 2 ( y−a )
⇒ = 19
2
2a−y−x y+z−2a
(1−r)
⇒ =
y−x y−z
2
⇒ 18r − 39r + 18 = 0
( x−a ) + ( y−a ) ( y−a ) + ( z−a )
⇒ =
( x−a ) − ( y−a ) ( y−a ) − ( z−a )
⇒ (3r − 2)(6r − 9) = 0
x−a y−a
⇒ =
2 3 y−a z−a
⇒ r = or r =
3 2
2
Hence, x − a, y − a and z − a are in geometric progression
⇒ r =
3
(∵ r ≠
3
2
because −1 < r < 1 for an infinite G. P ) Q15.
n
[ 2X1 + ( n−1 ) d ]
Mean (X 1, X2 … Xn )=
2
n
= 5
Sequences
n
y ( 16 −1 )
Q18.
1
Mean of (y 1 , y2 . . . . yn )=
15
n
= 5
2X1 +(n − 1)d = 10 . . .(1)

Let S n = 5 + 7 + 13 + 31 + 85+. . . +Tn . . .(i)
n
y1 (16 − 1)= 75n . . .(2)
Where T is nth term. n
Mean of (X 6 , X7 . . . . Xn+5 )= Mean of (y P+1 , yP+2 , yP+n )

This can be solved using method of difference as
n
[ 2X6 + ( n−1 ) d ] n P n
2 yP +1 ( 16 −1 ) y1 16 ( 16 −1 )
= = (7 − 5), (13 − 7), (31 − 13), (85 − 31). . .
n 15n 15n
P
n−1 16 ( 75n )
X6 +(
2
)d =
15n
= 5 × 16
P
2, 6, 18, 54 . . . is a GP with common ratio 3.
n−1 P
X1 + 5d +( )d = 5 × 16 Sn = 5 + 7 + 13 + 31 + 85+. . . +Tn−1 + Tn . . .(ii)
2
n−1 n−1 P P
5 −( )d + 5d +( )d = 5 × 16 ⇒ d = 16 − 1 Sn = 5 + 7 + 13 + 31+. . . +Tn−2 + Tn−1 + Tn . . .(iii)
2 2
∵ d is 2 digit natural number Subtracting equation (iii) from (ii), we get,
⇒ P = 1, d = 15 0 = 5 +(2 + 6 + 18+. . . (n − 1) terms)−Tn
n−1
3 −1
⇒ Tn = 5 + 2
2
Q16. n−1
⇒ Tn = 3 + 4
Here, b 2
= ac, 2(b + 8)= a + c,
2 n n−1
(b + 8) = a(c + 64) ⇒ Sn = ∑ (3 + 4)
n=1
n
3 −1
2
⇒ b + 64 + 16b = ac + 64a ⇒ Sn = + 4n
3−1
1 n
⇒ b + 4 = 4a ⇒ b = 4a − 4 ⇒ Sn = (3 + 8n − 1)
2
2(b + 8)= a + c ⇒ 2(4a + 4)= a + c n
Q19. As the n − term of the series is =

2 −1 −n
n
= 1 − 2 .
2
⇒ c = 7a + 8
Now apply sigma to the n term it results in = n − ∑ n
0
2
−n
= n − 1
2 2
b = ac ⇒ (4a − 4) = a(7a + 8)
3n 3n−2 3n−1
Q20. a + b + c = ∑
∞ x ∞ x ∞ x
⇒ 16a
2
+ 16 − 32a = 7a
2
+ 8a + ∑ + ∑
n=0 n=1 n=1
( 3n ) ! ( 3n−2 ) ! ( 3n−1 ) !
2 3
x x x
2
⇒ 9a − 40a + 16 = 0 = 1 + x + + + … = e
2! 3!
2 2 2 3
⇒(9a − 4)(a − 4)= 0 ⇒ a =

4
,4 a + bω + cω
2
= 1 + ωx +
ω x
2!
+
ω x
3!
+ … = e
ωx
( ω is an imaginary
9
But for a = 4
⇒ b < 0 cube root of unity)
9
So, a = 4 ⇒ b = 12 and c = 36 And a + bω 2

+ cω = e
ω2
x
⇒ k =
a+b+c
=
52
Now a 3
+ b
3
+ c
3
− 3abc =(a + b + c) (a + bω + cω )
2
3 3
3k 3 52 2
⇒ = × = 4 (a + bω + cω)
13 13 3
2 2
x ωx ω x x ( 1+ω+ω ) 0.x 0
= e e e = e = e = e = 1
Q17. Since, the first 11 terms in AP

d = 2 Q21. Let, I(r)= 4
r
2
=
2
r
2
r +r +1 ( r +r+1 ) ( r −r+1 )
2 2
( r +r+1 ) − ( r −r+1 )
1
∴ a11 = a + 10d = a + 20
= { }
2 2
( r +r+1 ) ( r −r+1 )
2
The middle term of AP is T 6 = a + 5d = a + 10 1 1 1

= − ( − )
2 2 2
r +r+1 r −r+1
For the next 11 terms in GP, r = 2 1

= − (V (r)−V (r − 1))
2
The middle term of GP is b(2) where b is the first term of a GP which is

5
∴ n 1
⇒ ∑ I(r)= − (V (n)−V (0))
r=1 2
the last term of AP. 1 1

= − ( − 1)
2 2
n +n+1
5
∴ b(2) =(a + 20) 32 2
( n +n )
1 1 1
= (1 − )=
2 2 2 2
According to the given condition,

n +n+1 ( n +n+1 )
Q22. ∑
9 1 n+2−n
a + 10 =(a + 20) 32
n=1 2 n ( n+1 ) ( n+2 )
630 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
⇒ 31a = 10 − 640 ⇒ a = − = (( − )+( − )+ … +( − ))
31 2 1.2 2.3 2.3 3.4 9×10 10×11
∴ Middle term of entire sequence is 11 term. th

=
1
(
1
−
1
)=
1
(
55−1
)=
27
2 2 110 2 110 110
630
∴ T11 = − + 10 × d
31 ⇒ q − p = 110 − 27 = 83
630 10
= − + 10 × 2 = −
31 31
Sequences
Q23. S = 1 + 3 + 7 + 15 + 31 + ........ to n terms =

2 −1
∴ T n = 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + ....
2−1
n n n n
S = 1 + 3 + 7 + 15 + .......... ∴ Sn = Σ T n = Σ (2
n
− 1)= Σ 2
n
− Σ 1
n=1 n= n=1 n=1
---------------------------------------------------
n
2 −1 n+1
= 2 ×( )−n = 2 − n − 2
2−1
0 = (1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + 16 + ......... n terms )- Tn (on subtracting)
Statistics
Q1. The mean of 5 numbers is 18. If one number is excluded, Q7. If the mean and variance of eight numbers
their mean becomes 16. Then find the excluded number. 3, 7, 9, 12, 13, 20, x and y be 10 and 25 respectively, then x ⋅ y is
equal to
Q2. Which of the following is affected most by extreme
observations? Q8. Find the mean deviation from the mean for the following
(1) Median data :
(2) Mode 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 17.
(3) Harmonic mean

Q9. Let x 1, x2 , … … … … x100 are 100 observations such that
(4) Arithmetic mean
∑ xi = 0, ∑
1≤i<j≤100
∣x x ∣ = 80000&
i j
mean deviation from
Q3. In ten observations, the mean of all 10 numbers is 15, the their mean is 5, then their standard deviation is
mean of the first six observations is 16 and the mean of the last
Q10. The marks of some students were listed out of 75. The SD
five observations is 12. The sixth number is
of marks was found to be 9. Subsequently the marks were raised
(1) 6
to a maximum of 100 and variance of new marks was calculated.
(2) 9
The new variance is,
(3) 12
(1) 144
(4) 3
(2) 122
Q4. A number equal to 2 times the mean and with a frequency (3) 81
equal to k is inserted in a data having n observations. If the new (4) None of these
mean is 4
times the old mean, then the value of k
is
3 n
Q11. The standard deviation of the wages of 85 employees is
Q5. Find the mode of the following distribution: ₹15.40. After one year, each of them is given an increment of
Class interval frequency (f ) ₹25 The standard deviation of new wages (in ₹) is
0 − 10 5
(1) 15.40
10 − 20 8
20 − 30 7 (2) 40.40
30 − 40 12 ← fm−1
(3) 20.40
40 − 50 28 ← fm
50 − 60 20 ← fm+1
(4) 10.40
60 − 70 10
Q12. Mean deviation of 6, 8, 12, 15, 10, 9 through mean is
Q6. If the difference between mean and mode is 63, the (1) 10
difference between mean and median is (2) 2.33
(1) 189 (3) 2.5
(2) 21 (4) none of these.
(3) 31.5
Q13. A data consists of n observations: x 1, x2 , … , xn . If
(4) 48.5
∑
n
i=1
(xi + 1)
2
= 11n and ∑ n
i=1
(xi − 1)
2
= 7n , then the
variance of this data is
Statistics
(1) 5 Q14. The sum of squares of deviation of a set is the least value
(2) 8 when it is measured abouf
(3) 6 (1) Arithmetic mean

(4) 7 (2) Geometric mean
(3) Harmonic mean
(4) Median
Statistics
Answer Key
Q1 (26.00) Q2 (4) Q3 (1) Q4 (0.5)
Q5 (46.67) Q6 (2) Q7 (54) Q8 (3)
Q9 (30) Q10 (1) Q11 (1) Q12 (2)
Q13 (4) Q14 (1)
Statistics
Q1. ⇒
k
n
= 0. 5
We have, mean of 5 numbers is 18.

Q5. We have,
Therefore, sum of observations = 5 × 18 = 90
Class interval frequency(f ) cumulative frequency(cf )
Let excluded number be x
0 − 10 5 5
Now, 16 = 90−x
10 − 20 8 13
⇒ 48 = 90 − x
⇒ x = 90 − 64 = 26 20 − 30 7 20
Q2. 30 − 40 12 ← fm−1 32
∑x
40 − 50 28 ← fm 60
Mean= n
50 − 60 20 ← fm+1 80
Most extreme observations when added to
remaining observations for arithmetic mean, then 60 − 70 10 90
total sum gets affected. Therefore, arithmetic mean Total 90
gets affected most. Median= 90

= 45 it belongs to a class interval 40 − 50.
2
l = 40, fm = 28, fm−1 = 12, fm+1 = 20, h = 10

Q3. Let the mean of the last four observations be A . Then, by
2
fm −fm−1
So, mode = ℓ +( )×h
the formula for combined mean, we get, 2 fm −fm−1 −fm+1
28−12
= 40 +( )×10

6×16+4×A2
15 = 2×28−12−20
6+4
= 46. 67
or 150 = 96 + 4A 2
54
∴ A2 =
4 Q6.
Let the sixth number is x, then taking the sixth number as a By the result
collection, the combined mean of this collection and the Mode = 3 Median−2 mean
collection of the last four is 12. ⇒ Mean − mode = 3(mean − median)
∴ By the definition of combined mean ⇒ 63 = 3( mean − median)
54
1×x+4×
i.e. mean − median = 21

4
12 =
1+4
∴ 60 = x + 54
∴ x = 6 Q7. Mean
− 3+7+9+12+13+20+x+y
= x = = 10 ⇒ x + y = 16 …(i)
8
Hence, the sixth number = 6 ∑ ( xi )

2
−
2
Variance σ 2
=
8
− (x) = 25
2 2
9+49+81+144+169+400+x +y
Q4. 8
− 100 = 25
4 ¯ 2 2
¯
¯¯ ¯¯
x new = x ⇒ x + y = 148 …(ii)
3
2 2
From given information (x + y) = (16) = x
2
+ y
2
+ 2xy = 256 ⇒ xy = 54
¯
¯¯ ¯
¯¯
nx+2kx 4 ¯
¯
¯¯ ¯¯
x new = = x
n+k 3
Q8.
⇒ 3n + 6k = 4n + 4k
Given that data 4,7,8,9,10,12,13,17
⇒ 2k = n
We will find mean deviation from the mean
Statistics
is known as variance and its square root is known

Σxi 80
∴ x̄ = = = 10
n 8
xi xi − x̄ |xi − x̄|
as standard deviation.
Standard deviation is given by formula

4 −6 6
2
∑ ( xi −x̄ )
2
σ =
n
7 −3 3
If data is changed from x to x i i

+ k then new
8 −2 2
standard deviation is given by
2
9 −1 1 ∑ ( ( xi +k ) − ( x̄+k ) )
2 2
σ1 = = σ
n
10 0 0
since, SD is independent of change of origin.
12 2 2 Therefore, the standard deviation remains same i.e.
13 3 3
15. 40 .
17 7 7 Q12.
∗
80 0 24
Mean is the ratio of sum of all the observations to
total number of observations.
n
Σ | xi −x̄ |
∴ M.D. (x̄)=
i=1
=
24
= 3
Here, mean, x̄ = 6+8+12+15+10+9
6
= 10
n 8
T hen M . D (x) = 3
−
The arithmetic average of the deviations (all taking
positive) from the mean, median or mode is known
− ∑ xi
Q9. x = = 0 &
−∣
100
as mean deviation.
∣
∑ xi − x
∣ ∣ Σ | xi −x̄ |
100
= 5 ⇒ ∑|xi |= 500 ∴ Mean deviation from mean = n
2 2 [ | 6−10 | + | 8−10 | + | 12−10 | + | 15−10 | + | 10−10 | + | 9−10 | ]

⇒ ∑x + 2 ∑ ∣x x ∣= (500) =
i 1≤i<j≤100 i j
6
2 2
∑x ( 500 ) −2 ∑ ∣
∣ xi xj ∣
∣ 4+2+2+5+0+1 14
i
⇒ = = 2500 − 1600 = = = 2. 33
100 100 6 6
2
−
∑ ( xi − x )
S. D. =
√
= √900 = 30
Q13. We have, ∑ n
i=1
(xi + 1)
2
= 11n … … .(i)
100
and ∑ n 2
(xi − 1) = 7n …(ii)
i=1
Q10.
Adding (i) and (ii) , we get
Given, σ = 9 n 2
2∑ (x + 1)= 18n
i=1 i
Let a student obtains x out of 75. ⇒ ∑

n
(x
2
+ 1)= 9n
i=1 i
Then his marks out of 100 are 4x
3
.
Each observation is multiplied by 4 n 2
⇒ ⇒ ∑ x + n = 9n
3 i=1 i
n 2
⇒ New σ = 4
3
× 9 = 12 , ⇒ ∑
i=1
x
i
= 8n
⇒ New Variance = σ 2
= 144
n 2
∑ x
i=1 i
⇒ = 8
n
Q11.
Subtracting (i) and (ii), we get
n n
4∑ xi = 4n ⇒ ∑ xi = n
The arithmetic mean of the square of deviation of i=1 i=1
n
∑ xi
i=1
the variable values from its actual arithmetic mean ⇒

n
= 1
Statistics
Q14. The sum of squares of deviation of a set is the least value

2
when it is measured about arithmetic mean.
n
∑ xi
Now, variance = 1
n
[∑
n
i=1
2
x ]−[
i
i=1
n
] = 8 − 1 = 7

Binomial Theorem Top 500 Question Bank For Jee Main: Mathematics Mathongo

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Binomial Theorem Top 500 Question Bank For Jee Main: Mathematics Mathongo

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Binomial

Theorem Top 500 Question Bank for JEE Main

Q1. If the constant term, in binomial expansion of (2x r

is equal to Q11. When 2 301

Q2. If the middle term in the expansion of ( is equal to 7 , then

then the value of n

Q6. If the number of integral terms in the expansion of (3 2

33 , then the least value of n is

(4) 248 (1) 3 n

Q7. The term independent of x in the expansion of ( ,

Q8. Consider the data on x taking the values 0, 2, 4, 8, … . , 2 with frequencies n

Q18. The number of distinct terms in the expansion of

Q9. If the binomial expansion of (a + bx) −2

a and b are (3) n+4

Q19. If {x} denotes the fractional part of x then { 3

Q10. The coefficient of x in the expansion of (1 − x)

Q21. If last three digits of the expression 17 256

the value of expression 2A equals

(3) 5 (3) n+1

Q5 (8.08) Q6 (3) Q7 (210) Q8 (6)

Q9 (1) Q10 (4) Q11 (2.00) Q12 (6)

Q13 (4) Q14 (2) Q15 (45) Q16 (4)

Q17 (3) Q18 (2) Q19 (4) Q20 (2.4)

Q21 (4) Q22 (2)

So, the number of terms=( 101 terms of the form x 3k

But for R = 9, 6 & 5 equation (1) is not satisfied, hence R = 8 r

Q2. Ts = a +(s − 1)d ⇒ T33 = 0 +(33 − 1)8 = 256 .

Now the (r + 1) Term

We have Q15. 30( 30

Expanding using binomial expansion for negative index,

Q11. On differentiating both sides, we get

Here all terms, except last term are divisible by 5 +...+2na 2n x

Remainder = 2(last term)= 2(−1)

Now, on putting x = 1, we get

are divisible by 10.

Hence, the remainder obtained is 6.

Units digit of 7 4n+1

Now, 754 = 4 ⋅ 188 + 2.

Thus, units digit of (2137)

Q14. (1 − x)

multiplying both sides by x expansion of (x 1

Integrating both sides (x + 2y − 3z + 5w − 7u)

n+5−1 10! 10!

{x}∈ [0, 1) & {I}= 0 n

Q1. The smallest positive integer n for which (

θ ∈ (−π, π] then 4 sin θ is equal to (1) 190 + ω

Q5. For a complex number z, the equation z 2

(1) 4 (4) None of these

(2) 10 Q14. A complex number z is said to be unimodular, if |z| = 1 Suppose z and 1

(3) 6 z2 are complex numbers such that

(4) 0 unimodular. Then, the point z lies on a 1

(1) straight line parallel to X-axis

(1) the real axis (2) straight line parallel to Y -axis

(2) the imaginary axis (3) circle of radius 2

(3) a circle (4) circle of radius √2.

(4) an ellipse Q15. If a complex number z lie on a circle of radius 1

Q9. If z = re , then ∣∣e iθ iz

(1) e r sin θ equal to

(2) A straight line

Q10. The value of (1 + i√3) 6

(1) 16(2 − i) (4) An ellipse

Q5 (4) Q6 (4) Q7 (3) Q8 (2)

Q9 (2) Q10 (3) Q11 (3) Q12 (1)