JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) 2022

JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) 2022

NURTURE COURSE
NURTURE COURSE
RACE # 06 MATH EM ATI CS
TIME : 30 Min. M.M. : 28

The Circle, Definitions and First Principles Chords

Theorem 1 :
If a straight line drawn from the centre of a circle bisects a chord, then it O
cuts the chord at right angle. Conversely, if it cuts the chord at right angle, A D B
it bisects it.
B
Theorem 2 :
There exists a unique circle which passes through three non collinear points
O
A C
Theorem 3 :
If from a point within a circle more than two equal length of straight lines O
EN A
can be drawn to the circumference, that point is the centre of the circle.
B C
OA = OB = OC Þ O is the centre of circle.
Theorem 4 : C Q
D
Equal chords of a circle are equidistant from the centre.
O
AB = CD, OP ^ AB and OQ ^ CD Þ OP = OQ
LL
A P B
Conversely, C Q
D
Chords which are equidistant from the centre are equal.
O
OP = OQ, OP ^ AB and OQ ^ CD Þ AB = CD
A P B
A

Theorem 5 :
Q
A B
If we are having two chords of unequal length in a circle, then the chord
O
which is having greater length is nearer to the centre of circle . Conversely,
C P D
out of two chords which is nearer to the centre of the circle is having greater
length.
OP > OQ Þ CD < AB
Theorem 6 : R
Least
If from any internal point, not the centre, straight lines are drawn to the
P Q
circumference of a circle, then the greatest is that which passes through A

the centre and the least is the perpendicular to that diameter. Greatest
S
PQ is the greatest and RS is the least chord passing through A. And Q
R
of any other two such lines the greater is that which subtends the greater
A
angle at the centre. S
O
ÐSOR > ÐPOQ Þ SR > PQ P

MATHS /R # 06 E-1 /4
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Theorem 7 :
If from any external point straight lines are drawn to the circumference of a circle, the greatest is that
which passes through the centre and the least is that which when produced passes through the centre.
And of any other two such lines, the greater is that which subtends the greater angle at the centre.
B
A D
Q P C
P
Greatest O Least O

ÐCOD > ÐAOB

PD > PB
Angles in a Circle P
Theorem 1 :
The angle at the centre of a circle is double of an angle at the circumference O
standing on the same arc. EN B
A
ÐAOB = 2ÐAPB P O
Theorem 2 :
Angles in the same segment of a circle are equal.
ÐAPB = ÐAQB A B
Converse of Theorem 2 :
LL
Q
Equal angles standing on the same base and on the same side of it, have P
their vertices on an arc of a circle, of which the given base is the chord.
O
If ÐAPB = ÐAQB Þ AB is a chord of circle and B
A
A, P, Q, B are concyclic.
A

Theorem 3 : S
R
The opposite angles of any quadrilateral inscribed in a circle are together 180 – q
equal to two right angles.
q
ÐP + ÐR = 180° and ÐQ + ÐS = 180° P Q
Converse of Theorem 3 : S
R
If a pair of opposite angles of a quadrilateral are supplementary, then its 180 – q
vertices are concyclic.
q
If ÐP + ÐR = 180° and ÐQ + ÐS = 180° P Q
Þ Then point P, Q, R and S are concyclic.
Theorem 4 : P
The angle is a semi-circle is a right angle.
ÐAPB = 90° A
O
B

E-2/4 MATHS /R # 06
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NURTURE COURSE
Theorem 5 :
In a circle, arcs which subtend equal angles, either at the centres or at the
circumferences, are equal. R S
ÐAOB = ÐPOQ for fig. (i) O Q
» = PQ
Þ AB » O
A P A Q
ÐARB = ÐPSQ for fig. (ii) B BP
Fig. (i) Fig. (ii)
» = PQ
Þ AB »

Theorem 6 :
In a circle, angles either at the centre or at the circumference, which stand
on equal arcs are equal. R S
» = PQ
AB » for fig. (i) O Q
O
Þ ÐAOB = ÐPOQ
A P A Q
» = PQ
AB » for fig. (ii) B BP
EN Fig. (i) Fig. (ii)
Þ ÐARB = ÐPSQ
Theorem 7 : M P
In equal circles, arcs which are cut off by equal chords are
equal, the major arc equal to the major arc and the minor to D
the minor.
A B
LL
If Circle (i) = Circle (ii) C Q
N
AB = CD Circle (1) Circle (2)
¼ = CPD
Þ AMB ¼ and ANB
¼ = CQD
¼

Theorem 8 : M P
A

In equal circles chords which cut off equal arcs are equal.
Circle (i) = Circle (ii) D
A B
¼ = CPD
AMB ¼ and ANB
¼ = CQD
¼ Q
N C
Þ AB = CD Circle (1)
Circle (2)
Theorem 9 :
If a line segment joining two points subtends equal angles at two other points lying on the same side
of the line containing the line segment, then these four points lie on a circle (i.e. they are concyclic).
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS :
1. O is the centre of the circle. If chord AB = chord CD, then x =
(A) 70°
(B) 50° A C
O x
70°
(C) 55°
(D) 45° B D

MATHS /R # 06 E-3 /4
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NURTURE COURSE

2. O is the centre of the circle. AB and CD are two chords of the circle. OM ^ AB and ON ^ CD.
If OM = ON = 3 cm and AM = BM = 4·5 cm, then CD =
A4
(A) 8 cm .5
cm M

(B) 9 cm 4.

m
5c

3c
m
C O B

3c m
(C) 10 cm N
D
(D) None of these
3. In the given figure, find the value of x. (O is the centre of the circle)
(A) 68° A B
126°
(B) 63°
O
(C) 252° x

(D) None of these C

4. Find the value of x in the given figure.

(A) 45° A D EN
(B) 28° 45°

(C) 60°
107° x°
B C
(D) 55°
5. In the given figure, ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral in which ÐBAD = 120°. Find ÐBCD.
D
LL
(A) 240°
A
(B) 60° 120°

C
(C) 120°
(D) 180° B
A

6. In the given figure, two chords AB and CD of a circle intersect each other at a point E such that ÐBAC
= 45°, ÐBED = 120°. Then find ÐABD.
(A) 15° A D

(B) 30° 45°

120°
E
(C) 45°
C B
(D) 60°
7. In the given figure, DABC is inscribed in a circle with centre O. If ÐACB = 65°, find ÐABC.
(A) 25° A

(B) 35° 65°

B C
O
(C) Cannot be determined
(D) None of these

RACE # 05 (NP-I,II,II) MATHEMATICS

Q. 1 2 3 4 5 6
A. 6 C B C B A
E-4/4 MATHS /R # 06