MATHEMATICS

Geometry

Circle and its

Parts
A circle
Many musical instruments have a circular surface.
For example:

Bingo Drum Tabla

Snare Drum Bass Drum

A circle

Five rings in the logo of Olympic games

 A circle is a closed curve in a plane.

A circle can be drawn with the help of a circular object.

For example: A circle drawn with the help of a coin.
 A circle is a closed curve
consisting of all points
in a plane wAhiccihracrlee
at the same distance
Centre O
(equidistant) from a fixed
point inside it.
This fixed point (equidistant)
inside a circle is called
centre.

A circle has one and only

one centre.
 O Centre
ius
ad
R

M
A point on the circle

A line segment that joins any point on the circle to its centre
is called a radius.
(Contd…)
(Contd…)

Centre O

us
i
d M
R a

K
L
➢ Radii ( plural of radius) of a circle are equal in length.

➢ Infinite number of radius can be drawn in a circle.

 A

O Centre
Diameter AB
A circle

B
A line segment that joins any two points on the circle and
passes through its centre is called a diameter.
(Contd…
(Contd…)

A circle
P
Centre
Q

N
➢ Infinite number of diameters can be drawn in a circle.

➢ As the radii of a circle are equal in length, its diameters

too
(Contd…)

Diameter MN
M N
Radius OM O Radius ON
Centre

Radius OM = Radius ON
Diameter MN = Radius OM + Radius ON
The length of the diameter of a circle is twice the length of its
radius.
A is a point on the B is another point
circle on the circle
A
A line se g
C hoerndt that joins B
poin
mt A and B

A line segment that joins any two points on the circle is

called a chord.
 M
Chor
dMN N
O
C D
DCiahmoerdteCr CDD

K
rd K L
Cho
L

Diameter is also a chord of

the circle. (Contd…)
 M N
Chord MN

O
C D
Diameter CD

K L
Chord KL

C D

M N

The diameter is the longest

chord. (Contd…)
 M N
Chord MN
G
Ch O Centre
or
d
GH
K
L Chord KL
H

Infinite number of chords can be drawn in a circle.

 KC C
K
Secant KC line that contains a chord

O
Centre

It is a line that intersects the circle at any two point

on the circle
 KC C
K
Secant KC
A
O
Centre
X

D
Infinite number of secants can be drawn in a
 C
K

O
Point of
Tangency Centre
C

It is a line that intersects the circle at exactly one

point on the circle. This point is called Point of
Tangency.
 K L

O
Centre

An arc is the distance between any two points on the

circumference of a circle.
(Contd…)
 Naming an arc
X
Arc KXL
K L

O
Centre

An arc is named by three points, of which two are the end

points of the arc and the third one lies in between them.
(Contd…)
 X
Minor Arc KXL
K L

O
Centre

Major Arc KYL

Y
An arc divides the circle into two parts: the smaller arc is
called the minor arc, the larger one is called the major arc.
(Contd…)
 An arc

An arc
 S SAemrcicDirSc
Ele DSE
Diameter
D E
O
Centr
e

R SemAirccirDclR

➢ Half of a circle is called a semicircle. e EDRE

➢ A semicircle is also an arc of the circle. (Contd…)

 O
Centre

Semi
Radius Diameter Chord Arc Circle
 O Centre
M
O
ius
ad
R

Semi
Radius Diameter Chord Arc Circle
 Diameter DE
D E
O
Centre

Semi
Radius Diameter Chord Arc Circle
 Q
Q
ord P
Ch
P

O
Centre

Semi
Radius Diameter Chord Arc Circle
 O
Centre R
PQ
c
Ar

Semi
Radius Diameter Chord Arc Circle
 S
Sem

Semicircle
Diameter
D E
O
Centre
Semicircl
e

Semi
Radius Diameter Chord Arc
circle
 X

X
M
O Centre
ant
Sec

Secant Tangent
Point of Tangency

Diameter DE
D E
Tangent DT

O
Centre

Secant Tangent
 4 5
1. the distance between any
twopoints on the
Direction: Fill in the box circumference of a circle.
the answers of its 2. A line segment that

6
joins any two points on a
corresponding statements
3

circle. 3..The line segment

shown on the right. any two pointsthat onjoins
Hint: The last letter of the circle and passes through
the
its center.
answer will be the first
2

4. Line segment that joins any

letter of next answer. point on the circle to its
1 centre .
5. Line that intersects the
circle at any two point on
the circle.
6. line that intersects the circle
at exactly one point on the
circle
 R AD I U
E S Across:
T E 1. the distance between any
E
twopoints on the

C
M

A
Direction: Fill in the box circumference of a circle.
A

NT
the answers of its 2. A line segment that
OR D I

joins any two points on a

corresponding statements

A NG
circle. 3..The line segment
shown on the right. any two pointsthat onjoins
Hint: The last letter of the circle and passes through
the
H

its center.

E
answer will be the first
C

4. Line segment that joins any

N
letter of next answer.
R

T
A point on the circle to its
centre .
5. Line that intersects the
circle at any two point on
the circle.
6. line that intersects the circle
at exactly one point on the
circle