7.

CIRCLES
* The set of points equidistant from a fixed point in a
plane is called circle.
* The fixed point in the circle is called centre (o) and o r
the fixed distance is called radius (r) of the circle.
* A circle divides the plane in which it lies in to 3 sets
of points.
arc
1)Interior of the circle 2) Exterior of the circle
3) On the circle chord
* The distance between the centre and any point on the +
radius
circle is called radius (r) of the circle. m eter
dia
nt
* The line passing through any two points on the circle seca
is called secant of the circle.
* The line segment joining any two points on the circle
is called chord.
* The chord passing through the centre of circle iscalled diameter(d).
* The part of a circle between any two points is called arc.
* Diameter is the longest chord of the circle.
* Infinite diameters can be drawn to a circle.
* In the circle infinite number of radii can be drawn.
* The diameter of a circle is twice (2times) its radius.
* The radius of a circle is half of its diameter. Semi
Circle
* d = 2r (or) r = d/2
Semi
^ Half part of a circle is called semicircle. Circle
* The diameter divides a circle into two semi circle
* The chord which does not pass through the centre
Minor Arc
of circle divides the circle into two segments of circle
Minor
* The Bigger part is called major segment and the smaller Segment
part is called Major
Major Arc Segment
Minor segment..
* The are bounded by major segment is called major
arc and the arc of minor segment is called minor arc
* Two or more circles which have same centres and
r
different radii are called concentric circles R

concentric circles

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* The region bounded by arc of a circle and the two radii
joining the end points of the arc to the centre of circle is
called sector 123456789
o
123456789
r r
123456789
* Sum of central angles of the sectors at the centre of a 123456789
A123456789 B
circle is 3600 123456789
* The angle at the centre of semi circle is 1800
* The angle in the semi circle is 900 A B
1800

* If the radii of two circles are equal then they are called congruent circles
* Equal chords subtend equal angles at the centre of circle A 1 B
b
o
a
C 1 C
* If two chords subtend equal angles at the centre of circle
then they are equal
In the adjacent figure , If AB=CD then ‘ a = ‘ b and if
‘ a = ‘ b then AB= CD
o
* The perpendicular drawn from the centre to the chord of
circle bisects the chord . If OD A AB then AD=BD A B
D
* If a line drawn from centre of the circle to the chord
bisects it then its is perpendicualr to the chord.
If AD=BD then OD A AB
A circle can be drawn through given 3 non-collinear points
in a plane
F
* A circle can’t be drawn through 3 collinear points. A B
* The chords which are equidistant from the centre of circle o
are equal. If OE = OF then AB=CD. C D
E
* If two chords of a circle are equal then they are equidis-
tant from the centre of circle
If AB=CD then OE= OF
* If two arcs of a circle are equal then their corresponding
chords are also equal.
* If two chords of a circle are equal, then their correspond-
ing arcs are also equal. x
q q then AB = CD and If AB=CD then A B
IfAXB CYD o
q q
AXB CYD C D
y

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* The angles in the same segment of cirlce are equal . If A
B
‘ A and ‘ B are angle in the same. Segment of circle.
? ‘A = ‘B
C D

* The angle formed in major segment is acute angle and the A

angle formed in minor segment is obtuse angle. ‘ A is
q.
acute angle formed in major segment BAD
B D

* The angle subtended by an arc of a circle at its centre is

C
twice the angle subtended by the same arc at any point on
the remaining circle. C
x
? ‘ AOB = 2 ‘ ACB Ÿ ‘ ACB = 1/2 ‘ AOB O
2x
A B
Solved problems
1. Find the length of chord which is at a distance of 5cm from centre of cricle
of radius 13cm
Sol: Draw , OD A AB OA = 13 cm, OD =5 cm
OD bisects AB . Let AD = BD= X
In ' AOD , AO2 = AD2 + OD2 ( ? Pythogaras theorem) 0
132 = x2 + 52 Ÿ x2 = 132 - 52 = 169-25 = 144 13
5
x = 144 = 12 A xD x B
AB = AD + BD = 12 + 12 = 24 cm
Length of the chord = 24cm
2. In the adjacent figure O is centre of the cirlce. Its radius is 5 cm.

OP A AB AB, OQ A CD and AB || CD
If CD = 8cm and AB = 6 cm then find PQ ?
Solve: OP A AB and OQ A CD
A P B
? P, Q are the mid points of AB and CD
o
AP = 6/2 = 3cm , ‘ Q = 8/2 = 4cm
In ' APO and ' COQ , AO = CO=5 ( radius) C Q D
AO2 = AP2 + PO2 CO2 = CQ2 + QO2
52 = 32 + PO2 52 = 42 + QO2
PO2 = 25 - 9 QO2 = 25 - 16
= 16 =9
PO = 16 = 4cm QO = 9 = 3 cm
? PQ = 4 + 3 = 7cm

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3. An equilateral triangle is inscribed in a circle. The side of the triangle is 9cm.
Find its area?
Solve : Draw medium AB. It will be altitude and perpendicular
bisecotr of AB
AG : GD = 2 : 1 BD = CD = 9/2 = 4.5 cm
In ' ABD , AB = AD + BD2
2 2

AD2 = AB2 - BD2 = 92 - (9/2)2 = 81 - 81/4 = 324-81/4 = 243/4

243 9 3
AD = cm A
4 2

AG
2
X AD
2 9 3
x 3 3cm G
3 3 2
B C
? Radius of the circle = 3 3cm D
22
  22
2
Area of the circle S r2 u 3 3 u 27 84.8cm 2
7 7

4. In the adjacent figure ‘O’ is the centre of circle, AB is a chord which is not a
diameter. find ‘ ADB .......
Sol : ‘ BPC + 1100- = 1800 D C
( straight angle) P
‘ BPC = 180 -110 = 70
0

in ' BPC , ‘ BCP + 25 + 70 = 1800 1100 250

( angle sum property of triangle) A B
O
‘ BCP = 180 - 95 = 850

But ‘ ACB = ‘ ADB

( angles in the same segment of circle)
? ‘ ADB = 85 ( ? ‘ ACB = ‘ BCP)
0

5. In the given figure O is centre of circle. AC and BD are two chords which inter
sect perpendicularly
at E. If ‘ OAB = 250 then find ‘ EBC D
Sol : OA = OB ( Radii of circle)
E
A C
‘ OAB = ‘ OBA = 25 (? OA = OB)
0

O
‘ OAB + ‘ OBA + ‘ AOB = 180
0

( angle sum property of D)

‘ AOB = 180 - (25+25) = 180 - 50 = 130
0

In ' EBC , ‘ EBC + 65 + 90 = 1800 ( angle sum property)

B
‘ EBC = 180 - (90 + 65) = 180 - 155 = 25
0

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6. From the adjacent figure find the values of
i) ‘ BOC ii) ‘ AOC
OA = OB = OC ( Radii of circles) O
‘ OCB = ‘ OBC = 55 ( ' OC = OB)
0
20
‘ BOC + ‘ OCB + ‘ OBC = 180 A
0
B
55
( angle sum property of D)
C
‘ BOC = 180 - (55+55) = 180 - 110 = 70
0

‘ OAB = ‘ OBA = 20 (OA = OB)

0

‘ AOB + ‘ OAB + ‘ OBA = 180 ( angle sum property)

0

‘ AOB = 180 - (20+20) = 180 - 40 = 140

0

‘ AOC = ‘ AOB - ‘ BOC = 140 - 70 = 70

0

7. In a circle of centre O, AB and CD are two equal chords which are intersect
at E. M, N are the mid points of AB and CD respectively then what is
OMEN?
Sol : M,N are mid points of AB , CD
? OM A AB and ON A CD
OM = ON (Equal chords are equidistant from the centre)
In ' OHE , ONE , OM = ON
‘ OME = ‘ ONE = 90
0

OE = OE ( common side) A
O C
ACC to RHS congruency rule ' OME # ' ONE
m E n
ME = NE ( CPCT)
OM = ON , ME = NE and ‘ ONE = 900
D B
Opposite sides are equal and one angle is right angle
? OMEN is a rectangle

8. In the circle with centre ‘O’ AB , CD are two diameters. Find the value of
‘ AOC
Sol : The arc AD subtends an angle of 500 at B
‘ AOD is the angle subtended by same arc at the centre
D B
? ‘ AOD = 2 ‘ ABD = 2 x 50 = 100
0 500
But ‘ AOD + ‘ AOC = 1800 ( linear pair)
? ‘ AOC = 180 - 100 = 80
0
O

A C

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9. The radii of the circles of centres A and B are 5cm and 3cm
respectively. They intersect at P and Q.
If PQ = 4 cm then length of AB is ..... P
Sol : AB is perpendicular bisector of PQ .
A B
join AB, BP c
AP = 5m , BP=3cm (radii) , PQ = 4 cm
Q
PC = CQ = 4/2 = 2 cm
In ' PAC , PA2 = PC2 + AC2
Ÿ 52 = 22 + AC2 Ÿ AC2 = 25 -4 = 21 Ÿ AC = 21
In ' PBC , PB2 = PC2 + BC2 Ÿ 32 = 22 + BC2
Ÿ BC2 = 9-4 =5 Ÿ BC = 5

AB =  
21  5 cm

10. In the circle of centre A. ABCD is a square.

If BD = 4cm find radius of the circle? D C
Sol : ABCD is a square

AC , BD are its diagonals A B

BD = 4 cm ? AC = 4 cm ( AC = BD)
But AC is radius of circle
? Radius = 4cm
LEVEL -1
1. Which determines the congruency of two circles ........... [ ]
a) Their radii b) Their chords c) Their arcs d) All the above
2. AB is a chord of a circle with center O. OM is line drawn from O to the mid
point of AB then .... [ ]
a) AM = BM b) OM A AB c) A and B d) None of these
3. In the adjacent figure O is the centre of circle. OM=3cm, AB=8cm then
radius of the circle is .... [ ]
a) 4 cm b) 5 cm
O
c) 3 cm d) 7 cm
A M
B

128
4. In a circle of centre O. OM and ON are the perpendiculars drawn to the
chords PQ and RS respectively. If OM= ON and PQ=6cm then length of
RS is ...............
a) 6 cm b) 3 cm c) 9 cm d) 4.5 cm
5. From the adjacent figure the value of
x and y are .................... 30
a) x = y= 750 b) x = 750 , y = 750
x y
c) x + y = 1500 d) all the above
6. If the chords AC and AD are equidistant from the centre of the circle then
a) AC = AD b) AC z AD
c) AC = 2 AD d) AD = 2 AC
7. The region bounded by an arc and the two radii joining the end points of the
arc is called ...... [ ]
a) Circle b) Sector c) Arc d) Chord
8. Which of the following is true? [ ]
a) The angle in the major segment is acute
b) The angle in the minor segment is acute
c) The angle in the major segment is obtuse
d) The angle in the semicircle is straight angle
9. In a circle if the distance between centre to the chord AB is more than the
distance between centre to chord CD then ............. [ ]
a) AB = CD b) AB > CD c) AB< CD d) CD < AB
10. In the adjacent figure radius of circle is 2 cm ;
If OM=1cm then AB = ..... cm O
a) 3 b) 2 3 B
A
M
c) 2 d) 3
11. In the circle of centre O, AB is chord.

CD is diameter and CD A AB then BP = ..... D

a) CP b) AP O
c) OC d) OD A
P
B

129
12. In the adjacent figure O is centre of the circle. D

AB, AB, BC are two chords. BD is its diameter. A C

O
If BD bisects ‘ ABC then AB = ............
P Q
a) BC b) BD
c) BO + DO d) 2 BC B

13. In a circle of centre O, AB and CD are parallel D

P C

chords. AC is diameter then AB = .........

O
a) CD b) OA
c) AC d) OC A Q B

14. The circles with centres A and B intersect at

P and Q. If AB and PQ intersect at M then ‘ PMA = P

a) 600 b) 1800 A N B

c) 450 d) 900
Q
15. The numebr of circles can be drawn through one point in a plane is ............
[ ]
a) 1 b) Can’t draw c) Infinite d) O
16. If a chord subtends a right angle at any point on the remaining circle then its is
.........[ ]
a) Circle b) Semi circle c) Major segment d) Minor segment
17. The relation between the angle subtended by an arc at the centre of circle and
the angle subtended by the same arc at any point on the remaining circle is
............ [ ]
a) Equal b) 2 times c) 3 times d) 4 times
C

18. In the adjacent figure, ‘ ACB = ...... O

a) 550 b) 1100 1100
c) 2200 d) 700 A B

C D
19. In the adjacnet figure ‘O’ is centre of circle and
O
‘ ACB = 60 then ‘ ADB = ......
0

a) 300 b) 1200
c) 900 d) 600 A B

130
20. A triangle is inscribed in a semi circle. If the smallest angle of that triangle is 400 ,
The remaining angles are ....... [ ]
a) 1000 , 400 b) 600 , 800 c) 900 , 500 d) 1200 , 200

LEVEL-2
1. In a circle q
AXB q
AYB 180 and the length of q
0
AXB = 44cm
then the length of AB is ..... cm [ ]
a) 14 b) 28 c) 21 d) 7
2. The angles in the same segment of cirlce are 2x + 10 and x + 45. Find x [ ]
a) 55/2 b) 35/2 c) 35 d) 55
3. In the adjacent figure ‘ ABC = 450 ,
C B
‘ AOC = .............. 450

a) 900 b) 1350 O
A C
c) 800 d) 550
4. In the adjacent figure O is centre of circle. 1200
A B
If ‘ ACB = 1200 , then value of x is ........ O
a) 1200 b) 600 x

c) 2400 d) 300 B
5. In the adjacent figure ‘O’ is centre of circle.
If ‘ AOB = 900 and ‘ BOC = 1100 then
1100
‘ ABC = O
a) 1600 b) 800 C A
c) 1800 d) 450 B
C
6. In the circle of centre O, AC is diameter.
If ‘ AOB = 1300 then ‘ BDC = .......
1300
a) 500 b) 550 O

c) 650 d) 250 D A

D
7. In the adjacent figure ‘O’ is centre of
circle and OC = BC then ‘ BOC = .....
D B
a) 1200 b) 2400 O

c) 1800 d) 600

131
8. The diameter of a circle is AOB. C is a point on the circle then ......[ ]
a) AB2 + BC2 = AC2 b) AB2+AC2= BC2
c) AC2+BC2= AB2 d) All the above
9. In the adjacent figure AB and CD are the C
lines passing through the centre O.
800
The value of ‘ ABC is ............. A B
O 400
a) 600 b) 300
c) 800 d) 500 D
10. A line intersects two concentric circles of
centre O at A, B,C and D. then ........... O
C D
a) AC = BD b) A + B = C+ D B
c) BC = AD d) AB = CD A E
x
11. In the adjacent figure O is thecentre of the circle.
‘ AEB=x, ‘ AFB=Y, ‘ AOB=z then the C
D
F
relation between x,y and z is............... 3 4
y
a) x+y=z b) x-y=z O 2
1 z
c)x=y+z d) x+y=2z
A B

12. Reshma,salma and manideep stand on a circular ringof radius 5m in a park.

They are playing with ball. Reshma throw ball to salma and in the the same way
salma to manideep. The distance between Reshma and Salma as well as Salma
and Manideep is 6 cm. Find the distance between Reshma and Manideep?
a) 6m b) 5m c) 9.6 m d) 6. 9 m
13. There is a circular park of radius 20m in a colony. Three friends Ram, Rabert
and Rahim sat on its circumference at equal distances by playing phone game.
There are talking by using toy phone made of match box and thread. Find the
length of the thread between every two persons [ ]
a) 20 3 m b) 10 3 m c) 40 3 m d) 20 m
14. A,B,C are points on the circle of centre O.
‘ BOC = 30 , ‘ BOA= 60 and D is a point on the
0 0

A B C
remaining circle of q
ABC then ‘ ADC = ........ 600 300

a) 900 b) 600 O
c) 450
d) 30 0
D

132
15. In the adjacent figure length of the chord AB is
equal to the radius of circle. The angle subtend by
D
the arc in major segment and minor segment re- A O
spectively are ......... [ ] C
a) 1500 , 300 b) 300 , 1500 B
c) 60 , 30
0 0
d) 30 , 60
0 0

Q
16. In the adjacent figure ‘ PQR = 100 , P,Q,R are 3
0 100 0

P R
points on the circle with centre O. then ‘ OPR =
O
a) 100 b) 200
c) 1000 d) 400

17. In the given figure, ‘ ABC = 690 and ‘ ACB = A D

310 then ‘ BDC = ... [ ]
a) 690 b) 319
c) 1000 d) 800 690 310
B C

18. O is the centre of the circle. The length of the

chords AB= AC = 6cm. Radius of circle is
5 cm then BC = ............. D
D
a) 9.6 cm b) 4.8 cm C B

c) 19.2 cm d) 8 cm A

19. In the adjacent figure OE A CD, OF A AB, AB || CD

D
AB= 48 cm and CD=20cm . If radius of the C
E
B
circle is 26cm then length of EF is .......... A F
a) 6 cm b) 8 cm O
c) 14 cm d) 16 cm

20. A regular pentagon is inscribed in a circle with centre O.

Then value of x is ........ [ ] E
A
x
a) 360
b) 54 0
D
O
c) 720 d) 1080 C
B

133
21. In a circle 7 equal chords are given then x = .......
G
( O is centre of circle)
A F
0 0
4 6 O
a) 128 b) 180
7 7 B x E

0 0 C D
1 4
c) 128 d) 360
7 7

22. In the given circle AB is diameter. OP || BQ . B

O 400
‘ ABQ = 40 then x = ................
0

Q
a) 600 b) 700 A x
c) 800 d) None P

23. In the figure O is centre of circle.

If ‘ AOC = 1300 then ‘ ABC = .......... o
1300
a) 500 b) 650 A C
c) 1150 d) 1300 B

24. In the given figure AOB is diameter of the circle. D

C

AB || CD and ‘ BAD = 300 then ‘ CAD = ...[ ] 300 B

A O
a) 300 b) 600
c) 450 d) 500

25. AB is a chord of a cirlce with centre O. OD A AB .

OD = 6cm and AC = 3K then value of K is .
D B
a) 3 b) 4 A
c) 5 d) 6
O
C
***

134
 CIRCLES
KEY

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 






135