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PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2
Quarter II – Week 8
Drawing Conclusions and
Formulating Recommendations

CONTEXTUALIZED LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PUERTO PRINCESA CITY
Name: Grade & Section:

Lesson 1

Drawing Conclusions

MELC: Draws conclusions from research findings. CS_RS12-IId-h-1

Objectives: 1. Define conclusion

2. Describe the ways on how to draw conclusions from research findings
3. Draw conclusions based on research data

Let’s Explore and Discover

Unlocking of Do you have your conclusions based on real-life

Difficulties situations? The way we conclude from our thinking is one step
towards realizing the objective of this lesson.
Conclusion is a
statement to close If you are writing your research manuscript, you are
the discussion on a getting nearer to completing it if you are beginning to write a
research paper. conclusion part of the research paper.

Research findings Your conclusion is your general statement to close the

are the results of discussion and analysis you made during the presentation and
data obtained from interpretation of data. You are going to base your conclusion
data gathering. on the data that are interpreted and analyzed.

Writing a good conclusion in a research paper must be challenging. It is the part

where a researcher has to give the synthesis of what transpired during the data collection,
presentation, and analysis. There are several tips prepared for you in this lesson to guide
you as you write good and effective research conclusions.

From drawing conclusions, you will have the final say on the issues you have
raised in your paper, synthesize the results of data, and give the readers additional or
new information which is all derived from your research data.

Let this lesson help you understand and practice more about drawing conclusions
in a research paper!

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 The following are the tips to guide you in writing a good conclusion in your
research paper.

Strategies in Writing a Good Conclusion

1. Write a brief introduction to your conclusion. You can introduce the conclusion
with a short statement. There is no format to writing this as long as you can introduce
how you came up with such a conclusion.

2. Consider the research questions. A researcher must align the conclusion made with
the research questions to ensure consistency.

3. Write a synthesis. When writing a conclusion, the researcher must establish the key
points of the research paper based on the data obtained and analyzed. Writing a good
conclusion offers a chance to leave a lasting impression on the readers of your
research paper.

4. Include some statistical data. Since you are dealing with quantitative conclusions,
the words or phrases to show the synthesis of your data must be supported by the
result of statistics.

(Source: "Conclusions," The Writing Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,
2021, Accessed January 16, 2021, https://writingcenter.unc.edu/tips-and-
tools/conclusions/)

Here are some examples of research conclusions after the interpretation and
analysis of data.

PROFILE OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

Based from the results, the following conclusions are drawn:

1. There are more boys (65.42 %) than girls (34.68 %) in the Senior High School.
2. Majority of the students are within the age range of 16 to 18 years old
(75.65%).
3. Most of their parents’ monthly income ranges from 10,000 to 19,999 (75.02%).

FACTORS AFFECTING THE LEARNING OF STUDENTS

IN GENERAL PHYSICS I

Based from the analysis made by the researchers utilizing the results of this
study as bases, the researchers came up with the following conclusions:

1. In learning General Physics I, students are considering their slow progress

(X=4.00, Agree), poor to limited prerequisite knowledge and skills (X=3.71,
Agree), trouble to comprehend and solve problems and equations (X=4.00,
Agree), lacking materials (X=4.57, Agree), bombardment of subject
requirements (X=4.43, Agree) and short attention span and focus on the lesson
(X=3.86).

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 Let’s Practice

Directions: Circle the word that defines conclusion.

synthesis draft statement closing

key points impression results-based

analysis questions knowledge

Directions: Inside the box are the different strategies in writing a good conclusion.
Choose the MOST appropriate strategy given the different descriptions below. Write the
letter of your answer before each number.

A. Write a brief introduction to your conclusion.

B. Consider the research questions.
C. Write a synthesis.
D. Include some statistical data.

_____1. Student A starts writing the research conclusion with a short statement to
introduce the presentation of the conclusion.

_____2. Student B establishes the key points of the research paper based on the data
that he obtained and analyzed.

_____3. Student C uses the words or phrases to synthesize data supported by the
result of statistics.

_____4. Student D aligns her conclusion based on the research questions that she
formulated.

_____5. Student E includes the frequency count in the conclusion that she made.

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 Let’s Do More

Directions: Complete the formulated research conclusion below by filling in the correct
data or words.

Research Data:

Table 1
Profile of Senior High School Students in Santan NHS

Profile Frequency Percentage Conclusion

(Responses)
1. Sex Profile in Terms of Sex
Boys 134 47.35%
Girls 149 52.65% The majority of the
Total 283 100.0% Senior High School
2. Age students in Santan NHS
20 years old and above 2 0.07% are _______ having a
19 years old 9 3.18% percentage of __________
18 years old 108 38.16% than girls comprising
17 years old 129 45.58% 52.65% of the total
16 years old and below 35 12.37% Senior High School
Total 283 100.0% population.

Directions: Formulate your conclusion using the research data provided below. Write
your conclusion in the last column.

Table 1
Profile of Senior High School Students in Santan NHS

Profile Frequency Percentage Conclusion

(Responses)
1. Sex Profile in Terms of Age
Boys 134 47.35%
Girls 149 52.65%
Total 283 100.0%
2. Age
20 years old and above 2 0.07%
19 years old 9 3.18%
18 years old 108 38.16%
17 years old 129 45.58%
16 years old and below 35 12.37%
Total 283 100.0%

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 Let’s Sum It Up

Directions: Complete the paragraph below by filling in the correct words. Choose your
answer from the words in the box and write your answer in each blank.

synthesis conclusion key readers analysis impression

Writing a good _____________ in a research paper must be

challenging. It is the part where a researcher has to give the

_______________ of what transpired during the data collection,

presentation and _____________.

When writing a conclusion, the researcher must establish the

________ points of the research paper based on the data obtained and

analyzed. Writing a good conclusion offers a chance to leave a lasting

impression on the _____________ of your research paper.

Let’s Assess
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answer on
the line provided before each number.

_____1. What do you call a statement that closes the discussion on a

research paper?
A. Research findings
B. Conclusion
C. Recommendation
D. Research paper

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_____2. What conclusion can you derive from the data shown in Figure A below?

Figure A

A. Section A has the most number of honor students.

B. Most of the honor students come from Section B.
C. Section C honor students are far more than Section A.
D. Section B students are studying very hard than Sections A and C.

For numbers 3 to 4, please refer to the data in Figure 2.

Figure 2

_____3. Which of the following information regarding Senior High School Enrolment is
NOT true?
A. School B has more than 500 enrolees for this school year.
B. School B has more Senior High School enrollees than School E.
C. School C has the highest enrolment for this school year 2020-2021.
D. School D has the lowest enrolment recorded for this school year 2020-2021.

_____4. What conclusion can you formulate from the results of enrolment in Schools B, C,
D, and E as revealed in Figure 2?
A. School B has more than 500 enrolees for this school year.
B. School C has the highest enrolment for this school year 2020-2021.
C. School D has the lowest enrolment recorded for this school year 2020-2021.
D. School B has more Senior High School enrollees than School E.

_____5. Before enumerating the conclusions for her study, Student F starts writing a
brief statement to introduce how she derives her conclusions. What guideline is being
met in this scenario?
A. Write a brief introduction to your conclusion.
B. Consider the research questions.
C. Write a synthesis.
D. Include some statistical data.

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_____6. Team A is working on the conclusion part of their research paper. One of their
members suggested that they should align their conclusion with the research questions
that they have formulated in Chapter I. What guideline is being suggested by the
member?
A. Write a synthesis.
B. Include some statistical data.
C. Consider the research questions.
D. Write a brief introduction to your conclusion.

_____7. Researcher B works on the efficacy of the Ulam plant (Ficus sp.) in treating
wounds. Which of the following conclusions must be correct?
A. Ulam plant (Ficus sp.) thrives in forest areas.
B. The Ulam plant (Ficus sp.) is effective in treating wounds.
C. Indigenous people are using the Ulam plant (Ficus sp.) in treating their
wounds.
D. There are many substitute plants to use aside from the Ulam plant (Ficus
sp.)

_____8. What must be considered in writing a research conclusion?

A. Methodology
B. Research data
C. Recommendations
D. Background of the study

_____9. Why is conclusion important in a research paper?

A. It synthesizes the results of research.
B. The conclusion makes the research readable.
C. Writing a conclusion determines the results.
D. It suggests a plan of action to make in the future.

_____10. Which of the following situations does NOT follow the guideline in writing a
good conclusion?
A. Student A makes a narrative on the results of phytochemicals present in
the young coconut plant.
B. Student B gives a synthesis of the different phytochemicals present in the
young coconut plant.
C. Student C creates a diagram to illustrate the process of coming up with a
research paper.
D. Student D begins by asking questions to get the attention of the readers.

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Name: Grade & Section:

Lesson 2
2

Formulating Recommendations

MELC: Formulates recommendations. CS_RS12-IId-j-2

Objectives: 1. define recommendation

2. describe the guidelines in writing a good recommendation
3. formulate recommendations based on research data

Let’s Explore and Discover

Unlocking of Based on your research findings, what are your

Difficulties recommendations? This kind of question must be in your mind
as you begin to write your research paper recommendation.
Recommendation
is a plan of action Before writing recommendations, you have to consider
that the researcher the people or agencies that have something to do with the
suggests to a group results of your study. Recommendations should direct to the
of people or a people or agencies concerned that you think must change or
certain agency. improve along a certain aspect.

People/Agencies A good recommendation will help you complete your

are to where the manuscript because this part is the last content to be
recommendations accomplished by the researcher.
are directed to.

The researcher should bear in mind that recommendations are based on the
results and conclusions derived from the data obtained by the researcher. There are steps
to be followed as far as writing research recommendations is concerned.

In this lesson, you will be guided on how to write a good research recommendation
so that you can readily apply it in your current or future researches.

Recommendations are arguably the most important part of the analysis phase—
this is where you will suggest specific interventions or strategies to address the issues and
constraints identified in the assessment. Recommendations should directly respond to key
findings arrived at through data collection and analysis. A process of prioritization is
essential to narrowing down findings, and once this is done, recommendations should be
developed that align with the most important findings.

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 Recommendations should be two or more sentences. The researcher can use verbs
such as create, establish, fund, facilitate, coordinate and other words that denote action
when writing recommendations. Sentences should follow a “SMART” format (Specific,
Measurable, Attainable, Realistic, Timely). Each recommendation should be followed by a
few sentences of explanatory text.

(Source: “Step 2: Formulate Findings and Recommendations,”Abt Associates , USAID 2014,

Accessed January 16, 2021, https://assessment-action.net/assessment-
phases/analyze/formulate-recommendations/)

Steps in Writing a Good Research Recommendation

1. Read and study the results of your study. This must be the first step towards
accomplishing the recommendation part of your research paper. The researcher
who writes a good recommendation knows very well what is going on with the
research data and if there are data critical for improvement.
For example, if the research results show that parents have low participation in
school, then this can be a proper recommendation:

To the Parents. It is recommended to the parents that they should improve

their level of participation in every school activity by attending school PTA
meetings and other activities since the result of data shows that they have low
participation in school.

2. Highlight people or agencies. To whom or to which are you going to throw your
recommendation at? Who are the people or what agency should improve in any
aspect? If your study is on education and learning, they might be included in your
recommendation:

A. To the Department of Education E. To the Parents

B. To the School Head F. To the Researchers
C. To the Teachers G. To the Future Researchers
D. To the Students H. Other agencies or group of people

3. Base your recommendation on the results. Always remember that in writing a

recommendation, it should be based on the result of your data. If you observe in
the result that teachers lack time in doing home visits, then you should somehow
consider this suggestion:
To the Teachers. The researcher recommends that teachers should allot time
to conduct home visitation to the students who are absent from their class most
of the time.

If your study is about health protocols that are not strictly regulated in your
community, you can also recommend to this agency:

To the Local Government of Puerto Princesa. The researcher recommends to

monitor and evaluate the health protocol implementation in the community to
ensure that maximum health security and safety standards are being followed.

If you think that there are follow up researches needed in the future that are
related to teenage pregnancy, for example, you can look at this example as your
guide:
To the Future Researchers. The researcher recommends further study
regarding teenage pregnancy to be conducted in other location to validate the
results.

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 Let’s Practice

Directions: Circle the key word/s or phrase/s inside the box that is/are related or
connected to the definition of the word recommendation.

plan of action mathematics psychology

specific measurable attainable

realistic timely agency

intervention strategies data collection

Directions: Match the correct people or agency in Column A to which the

recommendation written in Column B must be directed. Write the letter of your choice
on the line provided before each number.

Column A Column B
A. They should attend School PTA
____1. Students
____2. Parents Meetings regularly.
____3. Teachers B. They should spend more time
____4. School Heads in reading books than online
____5. Local Government of Puerto gaming.
Princesa City C. Allot time to conduct home
visits with students who are at
risk of dropping out.
D. Monitor the implementation of
health protocols in Barangays
A, B and C.
E. Encourage the teachers to
attend trainings and seminars.

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 Let’s Do More

Directions: Choose the MOST appropriate guideline in writing a good recommendation

from the descriptions below. Write the letter of your choice on the line provided before
each number.

A. Read and study the results of your study.

B. Highlight people or agency.
C. Base your recommendation on the results.

_____1. Describe who or what should improve in any aspect.

_____2. Recommend according to what transpires during data analysis.
_____3. Know what data are in the research.
_____4. Determine if there are data critical for improvement.
_____5. Identify to whom or to which you are going to give your recommendation.

Directions: Formulate a recommendation based on the research data provided. Write

your recommendations on the space below each number.

1. Results revealed that the majority of the people living along the shoreline have no
income during typhoons (91%).
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________

2. Most of the Senior High School students devote their time more by playing online
games (54%) and reading watt pads (39%) than reading their books and other
learning references (8%).
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________

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 Let’s Sum It Up
Directions: Complete the paragraph by writing the correct words. Choose your
answers from the box below:

interventions findings align recommendations research data

____________________ are the most important part of

________________where you will suggest specific ________________ or strategies

to address the issues and constraints identified in the assessment.

Recommendations should directly respond to key ______________ arrived at

through data collection and analysis. A process of prioritization is essential to

narrowing down findings, and once this is done, recommendations should be

developed that ___________ with the most important findings.

Let’s Assess
Directions: Choose the letter that BEST answers each question.
Write the letter of your choice on the line before each number.

_____1. What must be the basis of research recommendations?

A. data
B. methods
C. respondents
D. background of study

_____2. A researcher must be knowledgeable on the results of his or her study to come
up with a good recommendation. What guideline in writing recommendations is being
followed in the previous statement?
A. Read and study the results of your study.
B. Highlight people or agencies.
C. Base your recommendation on the results.
D. All of these

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_____3. Results of the study revealed that the majority of the people living along the
shoreline have no income during typhoons (91%). Which of the following
recommendations is MOST appropriate?
A. The teachers should educate the community living along the shoreline on
what to do during typhoons.
B. The local government should provide an alternative livelihood program to the
community living along the shoreline.
C. The students should help their parents during weekends.
D. The community should appeal to the government regarding their concerns
during typhoons.

_____4. In the study conducted by Grade 11 students on the use of chicken and fish bones
to treat mining soil, they concluded that fish and chicken bones are effective to increase
the pH level and NPK content of mining soil. From that conclusion, what recommendation
can be formulated?
A. The effect of waste fish and chicken bone on the nutrient content of plants
should be analyzed for further study.
B. Chemical properties of waste fish and chicken bone should be tested to
ensure if other components are affecting its effect on the treatment of mining
soil.
C. Physico-chemical properties of mine soil should be investigated for further
investigation.
D. The use of fish and chicken bones can be applied to mine soil.

_____5. In a research study, results revealed that filtered artesian water physical and
chemical substances are within the standard level of parameters/indicators for drinking
water. How will you write a recommendation based on the aforementioned result?
A. Conduct further analysis of the artesian water from different sources.
B. Investigate the significant difference between the filtered artesian water and
commercial water.
C. Future researchers can develop an improved filtration setup that is easy to
construct.
D. Drink water from an artesian well.

_____6. To whom should this recommendation direct? “They should attend School PTA
meetings regularly.”
A. Parents
B. Teachers
C. Students
D. School principal

_____7. Student A would like to recommend similar studies to other locations to validate
her present study. To whom should she address her recommendation?
A. Parents
B. Teachers
C. Future Researchers
D. School Principal

_____8. For plants that are investigated to contain phytochemicals, why is it

UNNECESSARY to recommend its immediate use?
A. The research conducted is invalid for immediate use.
B. Plants may have adverse effects on humans.
C. Plant samples are further subjected to scientific testing other than
phytochemical analysis.
D. All of these

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_____9. In the study about the factors affecting the difficulties of students in learning
English, results revealed that the majority of the students are not reading English books.
What will be the MOST appropriate recommendation?
A. Teachers should teach English using varied methods.
B. Parents have to support their children in school.
C. Students must develop a good reading habit.
D. School administrators must support their teachers in teaching English.

_____10. Why is recommendation formulated?

A. expand or extend one’s understanding of the conclusions raised
B. provides an idea for further research on the subject
C. suggests a solution to a problem
D. All of the mentioned reasons

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 Answer Key
Let’s Practice Let’s Do More

Closing? G
1. 1. Who (Presentation of
No point answers may vary)
2. W 2. Number
Sure results? Sample answer:
3. M
4. Z Make your
5. S own

Let’s Sum It Up Let’s Assess

1. E 6. E
1. Prophase 2. P 7. G
2. Anaphase 3. S 8. M
3. Telophase 4. S 9. K
4. Metaphase 5. R 10. F
5. Cytokinesis

References

Websites

Sacred Heart University Library. “Organizing Academic Research Papers: 9. The

Conclusion". 2020. Accessed January 16, 2021,
https://library.sacredheart.edu/c.php?g=29803&p=185935)

The Writing Center. “Conclusions." University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2021,
Accessed January 16, 2021. https://writingcenter.unc.edu/tips-and-
tools/conclusions/.

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 Answer Key
Let’s Practice Let’s Do More

Submit P
1. 1. P Answers may vary
Your
2. A 2. A
Research
3. P 3. S
Papers
until 4. E
4. S
Friday 5. R
5. !
Only
Deduction
Points for Late

Let’s Sum It Up Let’s Assess

1. M 6. E
1. SU BMIT 2. H 7. Q
2. your 3. X 8. T
3. papers 4. G 9. J
4. on 5. E 10. U
5. time

References
“Writing Your Recommendations in Your Research Paper. ” latavernetta.info. Accessed
January 16, 2021. https://www.latavernetta.info/writing-your-recommendations-
in-your-research-paper/.

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