The Chain Rule 223 23

Midterm Monday March G 12 1 15 in Cohen Auditorium

Please send all SHAAR Center accommodations

by
tomorrow

Goals for today

use the chainvale to differentiate tomposite fanitors FGA
Ex Ff x gk 5 4
The composition fight f 5 4 5 4
3
glff g x 5 4
Order of composition matters

Many Funitions can be decomposed into an inner and an outer part

Ex e can be written as a imposition FfgFl

gk
insidefunition x2
Ff outside funten
ex
fly f Fk ex

Ex Sink f gin where

gal sink
3
Ffl
F gfl f sind sin x1 sin lx
g Ffl g1
3
sink X
The Chain Rule Let y flu be a differentiable funition
at u gal and let te differentiable at X Then
g
It It Yu if u hangs how mush will y change

Equivalently Tift changes Lowmushwill u shiny

FAK g'K t gk

E gf x2 2x
ex
inside 9 Al F'lgAll ex
outside Ff ex F'Al ex

gif f Ight 2x e

E inside gf sinAl 9G ios x

If sin 3h
outsioh Ffl y f x 3 2

lost 3find 3 cos Al sin A

E inside Exa Sx
9t
E see 4 2
outside fats se F'Al self tank

g't fi gu Sx see 4 2 tan14 2

How to use the Chain Rule

1 Identify a funition as a composition fight
g is the inner Funston F is the outer fanition
2 Calculate g fl and Fk
3 Answer g x of gk
E
E It
gt 3ft fit t

2
g t Bt't2 lot
2
5 Gt
F It 3 2
3 272
5th Gt
Answer
4312 27107
2
3 31
3 272

Ex
tank E4
start w product vale

tank iffy tank Fy

T
now need the chain rate for this
g Al 2
E Ft
L It
d
FAI F F'Al
2
2x 6 4

2
see f Fay tank 2x I1 4 2

Ex
E 4xsin ex E FI
4 sin e 4x sin e 4sin ex 4xetiosle

E F E Et's I
 no quotient rule needed here

Answer
t 9 E
A
dog

Ex Yesterday we used the quotient wah to derive E se'M

Using Chai Ruh
5k ios Al Al sie
set At
If Josh FAI I gf x a

sink
In In t.it send tank

Consequences of the chain rule

Before we knew E ex ex but I b
I for other values of b

een tix
b E
this is a tomposite function

g ft la b x gift In lb
f x et fi fl et

E b gift f Ight In b ell

la bl b

Takeaway Ex b lait b for b o

Et
I 2 In 2 2 E 10 enfol lot
What if we have a fanlion instead of a lonstant

esh
E est g x

Ex e's't e's't
E esta lot f

E
E ee ex ee ee x

Why does the chain rate work Let's

prove it

Fight yea g a f Isla

fight finna f 1941 fig all gal gal

a x a gal gta
Ima fight fig all 9 Al gray
9ft gray x a

917 gal 11911 tigray

ma
x a yegg glx gta
g la F lg al

What if there are more than 2 funitions in the imposition

Ey f g h x h'Al g hft F g h Al

It If.gg
 s
E since fly h x

Ff sink g x ex hf ios k
F Il los Al
g Al et h fl sinful
lost
sin Gl ios e's

You try

E tan x2 2x se K 3 tank't
Fk X
g Al tanfl htt X
F Al 2
3 g Al sink h 1 1 2x
n'ix start faint
III.IE 3IEEI
We can use the chain rule to think about as an implicit
Funition of X
y

Ex
I end

y Intl want
II
Using inverses

ed X

take derivatives

II e I II et fix I