Knowledge Management Solutions:

processes, systems and mechanisms

* Capturing * Discovery
* Sharing *Application
 project structure and assessment criteria
Title:………………………………..
Abstract (5%) : (Project domain, objective/s, methods, findings and keywords)
1. Introduction (20%)
1.1 Background: (concept definitions, debate on symptoms )
1.2 Company profile: (vision, mission, objectives and last achievements)
1.3 Research problem: (question the reasons for the mentioned symptoms)
2. Approach KMs (40%)
2.1 Capture (process+ system + mechanism)
2.2 Discover (process+ system + mechanism)
2.3 Share (process+ system + mechanism)
2.4 Apply (process+ system + mechanism)
3. Findings 3Ps (25%)
3.1 People: (the positive impact of the research findings on employees
productivity)
3.2 Process: (the positive impact of the research findings on process efficiency and
effectiveness)
3.3 Product: (the positive impact of the research findings on end products)
Conclusion (5%)
References (5%)
 List of KM topics by majors
Accounting & finance related topics
• KM & Risk Management
• KM & Cost Reduction
• KM & Make or Buy Decision
• KM & Credit Management
• KM & Financial Analysis
• KM & Stock Market
• KM & Cost Benefit Analysis
• KM & Lean Accounting
• KM & Inventory Management
List of KM topics by majors(cont.)

International business related topics

• KM & Outsourcing (SCMs)
• KM & B2B
• KM & Organization Networks (industrial clusters)
• KM & Environmental (PEST) Analysis
• KM & Quality Assurance
• KM & Innovation and creativity
 List of KM topics by majors(cont.)
HR related topics
• KM & Employee Satisfaction
• KM & key performance indicators (KPIs)
• KM & Employee Turnover
• KM & Intellectual Capital Investment
• KM & Organizational Performance
• KM & Organizational Culture
• KM & Organizational Structure (Work Design)
List of KM topics by majors(cont.)

Marketing related topics

• KM & a New Products Release
• KM & Sales Force
• KM & a Product Lifecycle
• KM & Competitive Advantage
• KM & STP (segmenting, targeting and positioning)
Analysis
• KM & Social Media
 List of KM topics by majors(cont.)
Non major related topics
• Knowledge Based Systems (KBS)
• KM & Distance Learning
• KM & Knowledge Lifecycle in Organizations
• KM & DSS
• KM & E-business
 Examples of Using KM to solve
managerial problems

KM mechanisms
KM Processes KM Systems
Socialization
Capture Capturing system
Externalization
Discover Discovery system
Combination
Share Sharing system
Internalization
Apply Application system
Direction & routine

In order to solve problems facing managers at each managerial

level, KM specialists use 4 main processes namely: capture, discover,
share and apply . Each process has to be translated to systems
language (inputs, process, outputs and feedback). Finally, the
mechanisms of transforming the inputs to the outputs at each
process should be elaborated.
 KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT SUB-SYSTEMS
PROCESSES, AND MECHANISMS
1
Capture system
• Externalization
• Internalization 3 4
Sharing system Application system
• Socialization • Direction
2 • Exchange • Routines
Discovery system
• Combination
• Socialization
 KNOWLEDGE CAPTURE

Knowledge capture is defined as the process of

retrieving an existing explicit or tacit knowledge that
resides outside or inside the organizational boundaries,
including competitors, customers, suppliers, and/or
employees behavior and leadership style.

The main target here is to capture (describe) the positive

or negative symptoms resulted from the problem current
or past situation
 KM Capture system
Inputs
Data / info collected about
a particular CONCEPT
Concept Definition from
particular perspective)
• Employee satisfaction
• Employee turn over
• Organisation performance
• Social media
• Cost reduction
• Quality assurance
• Risk management
Feedback info
process outputs
Full description of the
internalisation
current problem situation
(explicit x tacit)
or symptoms
Read document/s
AND/OR
(negative outcomes
Externalisation
affecting the company from
(tacit x explicit)
inside or outside)
Attending lectures
or conferences
Ex. Low productivity, low
profits, high employee turn
over, low market share
 EXTERNALISATION AND
INTERNALISATION

• Externalisation involves converting tacit

knowledge into explicit forms such as words,
concepts, visuals, or symbols (insert the
mechanism used to obtain the desired
outputs….).
• Internalisation is the conversion of explicit
knowledge into tacit knowledge. (insert the
mechanism used to obtain the desired
outputs….).
 Tacit Tacit

Socialization Externalization
Tacit Explicit
E E
I I

Ex. Brain I I
I
G
I Ex. Share
storming I
O knowledge
(debates)
Internalization Combination

Ex. Change E E Ex. Summarize

G
your mind G
opinions
I O
Tacit G G Explicit

Explicit Explicit

I=Individual, G=Group, O=Organization, E=Environment

 KNOWLEDGE DISCOVERY

Knowledge discovery is the process of

developing new tacit or explicit knowledge from
data and information or from the previously
collected knowledge

The main target here is to discover(explain) the

main reasons that led to the negative results
obtained from the capturing system.
 KM discovery system
Inputs process outputs

info collected about Socialization

the current problem (tacit x tacit) The problem
situation Conducting
Employee satisfaction unstructured (All possible reasons of the
interviews negative outcomes)
AND/OR
(negative outcomes Combination Ex. Unfair salary, bias
affecting the company (explicit x explicit) performance appraisal,
from inside or outside) Reviewing the unsuitable work design ..etc
literature

Feedback info
SOCIALISATION AND COMBINATION

Socialisation enabling the discovery of new

tacit knowledge (ex. Un structured
Interviews)….(insert the mechanism used to
obtain the desired outputs….).
Combination enabling the discovery of new
explicit knowledge (ex. Literature review)
..(insert the mechanism used to obtain the
desired outputs….).
 Tacit Tacit

Socialization Externalization
Tacit Explicit
E E
I I

Ex. Brain I I
I
G
I Ex. Share
storming I
O knowledge
(debates)
Internalization Combination

Ex. Change E E Ex. Summarize

G
your mind G
opinions
I O
Tacit G G Explicit

Explicit Explicit

I=Individual, G=Group, O=Organization, E=Environment

 KNOWLEDGE SHARING

• Knowledge sharing is the process through

which explicit or tacit knowledge is
communicated to other individuals

• Discussion groups facilitate knowledge sharing

by enabling individuals to explain their
knowledge to the rest of the group members.
Thank you