The following relationship must be satisfied in TT systems: Re: log $25 where: R,is the earth resistance of the esrth plate Gin ohm; 14,18 the highest nominal operating residual cur- rent of the RCDs that for protection of the system Ginamperes). In group 1 medical locations, the standard re- uires protection only of the terminal circuits that supply sockets outlets with a rated current of up to 32 A, through the use of residual current. device with |, $ 20 mA, although residual current ‘ype protection of allthe circuits is desirable, In group 2 medical premises its mandatory forall circuits that are not powered by a medies! IT Sy tem to be protected by RCDs with, ¢ 30mA (un- less those circuits are supplying power to fixed devices positioned at a height above 2.5 mand which cannot enter the patient environment), Some loads, such as uninterruptable power sup- plies (UPS), personal computers, printers, electro- ‘medical equipment, for example devices for com- puterized axial tomography or magnetic resonance (RM) etc. incorporate electronic cir- cuits which, in the event of an earth fault, cause currents with continuous components that can compromise the operation of the normaldiffer- ential devices of the AC type for protecting power supply ctrcults (the ingirect contact currents are not detected by the toroidal transformer, This is why group 1 and group 2rooms are obliged, depending on the type of leakage cur- rent, to use type ARCDs, which can also intervene with pulsating unidirectional leaking currents or ‘type B RCDs also capable of intervening with uni- directional pulsating and continuous leakage cur- rents. In the case of power supply via three-phase UPS. the product standard requires protection to be achieved by means of RCDs of type 8. ‘Aunidirectional pulsating current isa current that assumes a value no greater than 6 mA for an in- terval of at least 150° of each period of the rated frequency (at $0 Hz: 8.33 ms). ‘Types of REDS Symbol ype “application ~ « ereasing soy FRA 6 asopesteatins, orentng sony cornseby mepetertunavectona put +b) Supplementary equipetential bonding IEC 60364.7-710 prescribes the implementation ‘of main equipotential connections, at the base of ‘each building, in order to guarantee the equipo- tentiality of all the extraneous conductive parts centering the same building, and of supplemen- tary equipotential connections in the environ- ments at greatest electrical risk Group 1 and 2 medical locations are expressly cov- ‘ered by this prescription because the differences of potential between conductive parts and extra- neous conductive parts and therefore the cur- rents that could affect a patient in contact with such conductive parts are limited to the maxi mum with the additional equipotential connec- tions. Each room for medical use must therefore be ‘equipped with its own equipotential bonding bus bar to which the electrical devices and all the me- tallic parts that can close an electrical circuit to ‘arth must be connected, zo that if an indirect contact of a device (even external to the prem- ses) occurs all the conductive parts and the ex- traneous conductive parts assume almost the same potential instantaneously (no significant difference of potential between the devices ac- ccessible to the patient), For group 2 medical locations, the equipotential bonding bus bar resistance shall notexceed 0.2 0.