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SPOKEN
JAPANESE
BASICS: LA1210
(LESSON 4)
ROLE PLAY
1. Make a group of 2 people.
A : “Hajimemashite.
Watashi no namae wa 1. Your name desu.
Watashi wa 2. Your occupation desu.

B: “Anata no shumi (hobby) wa nan desu ka?”

A “Watashi no shumi wa 3. Your hobby desu.”

B: “Soo desu ka. Yoroshiku onegai shi-masu”

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 EXTRA STUDY 2
DAYS OF THE WEEK
• Kyoo wa nan-yoobi desu ka? What day of the week is it today?
• Kyoo wa Nichi-yoobi desu. It’s Sunday today.
Nichi-yoobi Getsu-yoobi Ka-yoobi Sui-yoobi Moku-yoobi Kin-yoobi Do-yoobi
Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday
Sun Moon Fire Water Tree Gold Soil

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LESSON 4
: ADJECTIVES
1. Grammar
2. Conversation
• Case 1: i-adjectives
• Case 2 : na-adjectives
3. New vocabulary
4. Let’s practice!!!
5. Extra Study

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 GRAMMAR
ADJECTIVES (1/3)
• There are two adjective
• i-adjectives
• End in –i sounds without consonants preceding them
• taka-i(expensive), samu-i(cold), suzushi-i(cool),
omoshiro-i(interesting)
• na-adjectives
• Have various endings
• shizuka(quiet), genki(fine), taisetsu(important),
yuumee(famous)

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 GRAMMAR
ADJECTIVES (2/3)
• Predicative usage
• i-adjectives
• In negative form,
we have to omit final “i” and put “ku ari-masen.”
(Sometimes “ku ari-masen.”)
• na-adjectives
• In negative form,
we have to put “de wa ari-masen.”
(Sometimes “ja ari-masen.”)

I Positive Kono kuruma wa taka-i desu. This car is expensive.

Negative Kono kuruma wa taka-ku ari-masen. This car is not expensive.
Na Positive Sono hon wa taisetsu desu. That book is important.
Negative Sono hon wa taisetsu de wa ari-masen. That book is not important.

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 GRAMMAR
ADJECTIVES (3/3)
• Attributive usages
• i-adjectives
• No change
• na-adjectives
• “na” is placed after na-adjectives only when
na-adjectives come before a noun.
takai-i kuruma an expensive car
I
Kore wa taka-i kuruma desu. This is an expensive car.

taisetsu na hon an important book

Na
Sore wa taisetsu na hon desu. It is an important book.

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I-ADJECTIVES

atsu-i(hot) samu-i(cold) atataka-i suzushi-i

(warm) (cool)

oishi-i mazu-i taka-i yasu-i

(delicious) (bad tasting) (expensive) (cheap)

ooki-i chiisa-i atarashi-i furu-i

(big) (small) (new) (old) 8
EXERCISE
atsu-i
samu-i
(1) Kyoo wa desu.
atataka-i
suzushi-i

oishi-i
mazu-i
(2) Sono yasai wa desu.
taka-i
yasu-i

ooki-i
chiisa-i
(3) Ano kuruma wa desu.
atarashi-i
furu-i

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NA-ADJECTIVES

shizuka kiree yuumee

yuumee
(quiet) (beautiful) (famous)
(famous)

genki majime shinsetsu

(fine, healthy) (serious, studious) (kind)

benri taisetsu kantan

(convenient, useful) (important) (simple, easy) 10
EXERCISE
shizuka
(1) Ano kooen wa kiree desu.
yuumee

Genki
(2) Seeko-san wa majime desu.
shinsetsu

benri
(3) Nihon-go wa taisetsu desu.
kantan

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 CONVERSATION(CASE1)
• i-adjectives
(Ravi is talking with Seeko in his house.)
Ravi : Kyoo wa samu-i desu ne. It's cold today, isn't it?
Seeko : Hai. chotto samu-i desu ne. Yes, it's a little bit cold.
Ravi : Seeko-san, * koohii wa ikaga desu ka? Seeko, would you like some coffee?
Seeko : Yoroshi-i desu ka? Is that O.K.?(Can I have?)
Ravi : Mochiron desu. Miruku wa? Of course. How about milk?
Seeko : *Hai, onegai shi-masu. Yes, please.
Ravi : Satoo wa? How about Sugar?
Seeko : *Iie, kekkoo desu. No, thank you.
Ravi : Keeki mo ikaga desu ka? Would you like some cake, too?
Seeko : Ama-i desu ka? Is it sweet?
Ravi : lie, ama-ku ari-masen yo. No,it isn't.
Seeko : Dewa, onegai shi-masu. Well, I’ll have one.

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 CONVERSATION(CASE 2)
• na-adjectives
Seeko : *Hai, doozo. Here you are.
Ravi: *Doomo arigatoo gozai-masu. Thank you very much.
Seeko : *Doo itashi-mashite. You're welcome.
Ravi: Korera wa kiree na hana desu ne. These are pretty blossoms,
aren' t they?
Namae wa nan desu ka? What are they called?
Seeko : Sakura desu. They are cherry blossoms.
Totemo yuumee desu yo. They are very famous.
Ravi : Tokorode, koko wa shizuka desu ne. By the way, it's very quiet here.
Seeko : Ravi-san no ie wa? What about your house, Ravi?
Ravi: Watashi no ie wa shizuka de wa ari-masen. My house isn't quiet.

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 NEW VOCABULARY
kyoo : today ama-ku ari-masen : not sweet
samu-i : cold Hai, doozo. : Here you are
ne : isn’t it? doomo arigatoo : Thank you very much
chotto / sukoshi : a little bit, a few gozai-masu
koohii : coffee doo itashi-mashite : You are welcome.
..wa ikaga desu ka? : how(what) about..? kiree(na) : beautiful
yoroshi-i : good, O.K Namae : name
mochiron desu : of course Sakura : cherry blossoms
miruku : milk Totemo : very
Hai, onegai shi-masu. : Yes, please. yuumee(na) : famous
satoo : sugar Yo : for emphasis
lie, kekkoo desu. : No, thank you. Tokorode : by the way
keeki : cake Koko : here
ama-I : sweet shizuka(na) : quiet

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 EXTRA STUDY 1
• Particle “Ne”
• is put at the end of a sentence
• is used when we want agreement just like English tag
question
e. g. Kyoo wa atataka-i desu ne. : It is warm today, isn't it?
Are wa kiree na hana desu ne. : That is a pretty flower over there, isn't it?
Koko wa shizuka desu ne. : It's quiet here, isn't it?

• Particle “Yo”
• is put at the end of a sentence
• Emphasizes the sentence with assertion and confidence
e. g. Koko wa samu-i desu yo. : It (really) is cold here, you see.
Kare wa Amerika-jin desu yo. : I am telling you he is American.

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The sentence of S-V-C(Noun)

<Present tense>

Positive Kare wa Nihon-go no sensei desu. He is a Japanese teacher.

Negative Kare wa Nihon-go no sensei de wa ari- He is not a Japanese
masen. teacher.

<Past tense>

Positive Kare wa Nihon-go no sensei deshita. He was a Japanese

Negative Kare wa Nihon-go no sensei de wa ari- teacher.
masen deshita. He was not a Japanese
teacher.

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The sentence of S-V-C(Adjective)

<Present tense>
I Positive Kono kuruma wa taka-i desu. This car is expensive.
Negative Kono kuruma wa taka-ku ari-masen. This car is not expensive.
Na Positive Sono hon wa taisetsu desu. That book is important.
Negative Sono hon wa taisetsu de wa ari-masen. That book is not important.

<Past tense>
I Positive Kono kuruma wa taka-katta desu. This car was expensive.
Negative Kono kuruma wa taka-ku ari-masen This car was not
deshita. expensive.
Na Positive Sono hon wa taisetsu deshita. That book was important.
Negative Sono hon wa taisetsu de wa ari-masen That book was not
deshita. important.

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 PARTICLE GA
*Particle “wa” is a topic marker
• Subject
meaning “As for…”.
• Kyoo wa tenki ga i-i desu.
• Literal translation (As for today, the weather is good.)
• Free translation (It is good weather today.)
• Existence
• Asoko ni gakko ga ari-masu.(There is a school over there. )
• Gakko ni nihon-jin ga i-masu.(There is a Japanese at school.)

• With the sentence using

“like, want, need, be good at, be poor at, understand”
*Different word classes
• Watashi wa ringo ga suki desu. (I like an apple.) between
• Watashi wa O-mizu ga hoshi-i desu. (I want water.) English and Japanese.
• Watashi wa ikuraka O-kane ga hitsuyoo desu. (I need some money.)
• Watashi wa Tenis ga tokui desu. (I am good at playing Tennis.)
• Watashi wa Dance ga heta desu. (I am poor at dancing.)
• Watashi wa sukoshi Nihon-go ga wakari-masu.(I understand
Japanese a little bit.)
*We don’t say “Nihon-go o wakari-masu.”
We say “Watashi wa sukoshi Nihon-go o hanashi-masu.”
(I speak Japanese a little bit.) 18
 EXTRA STUDY 3
KISETSU (SEASONS)
• Japan has four distinct seasons
• June to the beginning of July is considered the rainy season in
Japan. In addition, three to five typhoons hit Japan every year.
Haru (Spring): March to May Natsu (Summer): June to August

Aki (Autumn): September to November Fuyu (Winter): December to February 19

ABOUT JAPAN (RELIGION)
• Shinto and Buddhism are the two major religions
in Japan.
• Shinto is indigenous to Japan while Buddhism
was imported from China through Korea in the 6th
century. Although the two religions are different,
most Japanese accept both and will alternate
between religions depending on the situation.
Tera (Buddism Temple) Jinjya (Shinto Shrine)

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TERA Nara no daibutsu
(BUDDHISM TEMPLE)

Toodai-ji

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USHIKU
DAIBUTSU
• is a statue located in
Ushiku, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan
• Height: 120m(390ft)
• An elevator takes visitors
up 85 m (279 ft) to an
observation floor.

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 JINJYA
(SHINTOO SHRINE)

Torii
Ise-jinguu
(Gate of Itsukushima-jinjya)

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HOUSEHOLD ALTAR
Buddhist altar
Shinto altar

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