Unit One

Chapter 1 Chapter 2
absolve antagonist acclaim exploit
adamant eccentric adjacent methodical
amiable encounter elicit obsolete
amoral epitome engross tangible
animosity malign escalate terminate

Chapter 3 Chapter4
allusion banal calamity persevere
altruistic euphemism comprehensive ponder
appease mercenary conventional rehabilitate
arbitrary syndrome flagrant turmoil
assail taint fluctuate venture

Chapter 5
attest enigma
attribute exemplify
discern mobile
dispatch nocturnal
enhance orient
 absolve antagonist
adamant eccentric
amiable encounter
amoral epitome
animosity malign

Ten Words in Context

In the space provided, write the letter of the meaning closest to that of each boldfaced word. Use the
context of the sentences to help you figure out each word's meaning.

1 absolve • Since there was not enough evidence of his guilt, the jury had to absolve Mr.
(ab-zolv') Melman of the murder.
-verb • Accused of taking bribes, the mayor said, " In the end, I' II clear my name and be
absolved of any wrongdoing."
Absolve means A. to accuse. B. to clear of guilt. c. to inform.

2 adamant • Ron is adamant about not changing plans. He insists we should still camp out
(ad ' -m nt) even though the weather report now says it will be cold and rainy.
-adjective • Adamant in his support of gun control, Senator Keen won't give in to pressure
from powerful opponents.
Adamant means A. firm. B. uncertain. c. flexible.
3 amiable • My amiable dog greets both strangers and old friends with a happy yip and
(a'me- -b l) energetic tail-wagging.
-adjective
• At first, our history teacher doesn't seem very friendly, but once you get to
know her, she shows her amiable side.
Amiable means A. intelligent. B. uncaring. c. good-natured.

4 amoral • Jerry is almost totally amoral. He cares only about making money and having
(a-mor' l) fun and couldn't care less about right or wrong.
-adjective
• A former president of Uganda, ldi Amin, was truly amoral. He jailed, tortured,
. ,'
·1 and killed innocent opponents without the slightest feeling of guilt.
Amoral means A. cowardly. B. lazy. c. lacking ethical principles.
:!
i
I 5 animosity • I was shocked when Sandy said she hated Lionel. I'd never realized she felt
I
I (an' -mos' -te) such animosity toward him.
i -noun
i • The bad feelings between the two families go back so many generations that
nobody remembers what originally caused the animosity.
I _ Animosity means A. strong dislike. B. admiration. c. great fear.
I

6 antagonist • At the divorce hearing, the husband and wife were such bitter antagonists that
I (an-tag, -nist) it was hard to believe they had once loved each other.
! -noun • In the ring, the two boxers were antagonists, but in their private lives, they
were good friends.
_ Antagonist A. a B. an enemy. c. an example.
means supporter.

8
 Chapter 1 9

7 eccentric • Bruce is quite eccentric. For example, he lives in a circular house and rides to
(ik-sen work on a motorcycle, in a three-piece suit.
'trik) • Florence Nightingale, the famous nursing reformer, had the eccentric habit of
-adjective carrying a pet owl around in one of her pockets.
Eccentric means A. ordinary. B. odd. c. careful.

8 encounter • My encounter with Malik in a Los Angeles supermarket surprised me, since I
(en-koun 't r) thought he still lived in Chicago.
-noun
• I dislike returning to my small hometown, where I am likely to have encounters
with people who knew me as a troubled kid.
Encounter means A. a thought. B. a dinner. c. a meeting.
9 epitome • To many, the epitome of cuteness is a furry, round-eyed puppy.
(i-pit' -me)
-noun • The great ballplayer and civil rights leader Jackie Robinson was the epitome of
both physical and moral strength.
Epitome means A. a perfect model. B. an opposite. c. a main cause.
10 malign • That vicious Hollywood reporter often maligns movie stars, forever damaging
(m -l'in') their public images.
-verb
• Stacy refuses to malign her ex-husband, even though he was the one who
insisted on the divorce.
_ Malign means A. to praise. B. to recognize. c. to speak ill of.

Matching Words with Definitions

Following are definitions of the ten words. Clearly write or print each word next to its definition. The
sentences above and on the previous page will help you decide on the meaning of each word.

1. Not giving in; stubborn

2. Lacking a moral sense; without principles

3. Differing from what is customary; odd

Il
4. To find innocent or blameless
5.
A brief or an unexpected meeting
! l
6. A perfect or typical example

7. An opponent; one who opposes or competes

Bitter hostility
8.

9. To make evil and often untrue statements about; speak evil of

10. Good-natured; friendly and pleasant

CAUTION: Do not go any further until you are sure the above answers are correct. Then you can use the definitions to
help you in the following practices. Your goal is eventua ll y to know the words well enough so that you don't need to

check the definitions at all.

10 Chapter 1

Using the answer line provided, complete each item below with the correct word from the box. Use each
word once.

A. absolve e. adamant c. amiable amoral E. animosity

F. antagonist G. eccentric H. encounter epitome J. malign

1. Lilly was _ in her belief that Sam was a genius at business. Even after his
first two companies failed, she still had faith in him.
2. My brothers had planned to meet in the restaurant, but their _ took place in
the parking lot.
3. I'm tired of hearing the two candidates for governor_ each other with stupid
insults.

-
4. Because he doesn't want to lose a sale, Mac remains polite and_ even
when he's annoyed with a customer.
5. Some criminals are truly _ - they don't see that some actions are right and
that others are wrong.
6. The _ of refreshment is drinking an ice-cold lemonade on a sizzling hot day.
7. Jed was _(e)d of stealing money from the company, but the damage the
accusation did to his reputation remained.
8. The owners of the department store were always competing with each other.
They acted more like s than partners.
9. I avoid serious discussions with my sister because she shows great_ toward
me if I don't share her opinion.
10. Today it's not odd for females to learn carpentry, but when my mother went to
high school, girls who took wood shop were considered _ .

NOTE: Now check your answers to these items by turning to page 129. Going over the answers
carefully will help you prepare for the next two practices, for which answers are not given.

Using the answer lines provided, complete each item below with two words from the box. Use each word
once.

1-2. The _ millionaire dressed so shabbily that every _ with him convinced
us that he was poor.

3-4. Hiroshi feels such _ toward his sister that he never says a single kind thing
about her; he only _s her.

5-6. Since the congresswoman was _ in opposing the nuclear power plant, the
plant's owners regarded her as their toughest _.
 Chapter 1 11

7- 8. Wayne is so _ that he doesn't even want to be _ (e)d of guilt for all the
times he has lied, cheated, and stolen.

9- 10. With his friendly air, good-natured laugh and generosity, Santa Claus is the
_ of the _ grandfather.

. r.final 'Check:
- -=- .. .. •. !:_ ... ...._, •• · --

Here is a final opportunity for you to strengthen your knowledge of the ten words. First read the
following selection carefully. Then fill in each blank with a word from the box at the top of the previous
page. (Context clues will help you figure out which word goes in which blank.) Use each word once.

In 1830, a Massachusetts farmer named Joseph Palmer

moved to the city, only to find that people continually
reacted to him with anger and hatred. Why? Palmer
certainly wasn't a(n) (1) man-no, he had
a strong sense of right and wrong. He was a friendly and
(2) person as well. And on the
whole, Palmer was the (3) of
a normal citizen, living a typical life with his family. Yet his
neighbors crossed to the other side of the street to avoid an
(4) with him. Children insulted
Palmer and sometimes threw stones at him. Grown men
hurled rocks through the windows of his house. Even the
local minister (5) (e)d Palmer, telling
the congregation that Palmer admired only himself.
One day, four men carrying scissors and a razor attacked Palmer and threw him to the ground.
Pulling out a pocketknife, Palmer fought back, slashing at their legs. His (6) s fled.
Afterward, Palmer was the one arrested and jailed. While in jail, he was attacked two more times. Both
times, he fought his way free. After a year-although his accusers still wouldn't (7) _

him of guilt-he was released.

Palmer had won. The cause of all the (8) and abuse had been his
long, flowing beard. Palmer, (9) __t the end, had refused to shave.

Thirty years after Palmer's difficulties, it was no longer considered (1O) to

wear whiskers. Among the many who wore beards then was the president of the United States,
Abraham Lincoln.

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,tI;
 exploit
acclaim adjacent elicit methodical
engross escalate obsol

Ten Words in Context

In the space provided, write the letter of the meaning closest to that of each boldfaced word. Use the
context of the sentences to help you figure out each word's meaning.

1 acclaim • Any subway system that is clean, quiet, and safe deserves acclaim.
c -klam')
• Although Vincent Van Gogh's paintings are now worth millions of dollars, the
-noun
artist received little acclaim in his lifetime and died in poverty.
Acclaim means A. criticism. B. praise. c. change.

2 adjacent • Because their desks are adjacent, Jeff and Kellie often exchange looks and
< -ja's nt) comments.
-adjective
• If you keep your dishes in a cupboard that's adjacent to the dishwasher, you
won't have to walk too far when putting away the clean dishes.
Adjacent means A. close. B. similar. c. separated.
3 elicit • The movie star's violet eyes always elicit admiration and wonder.
(i-lis'it)
• The basketball player's three-point shot to win the game in its final seconds
-verb
elicited a roar of delight from the excited fans.
Elicit means A. to stop. B. to follow. c. to bring out.
4 engross • The suspenseful TV movie so engrossed Bryan that he didn't even budge
(en'gros') when he was called to dinner.
-verb
• The fascinating single-file march of black ants along the sidewalk engrossed
me for several minutes.
Engross means A. to hold the interest of. B. to disgust. c. to bore.

5 escalate • The fight between the two hockey players escalated into an all-out battle
(es'k -lat') among members of both teams.
-verb
• "We need to escalate our fund-raising efforts," the theater manager said.
"Otherwise, the company won't survive."
Escalate means A. to expand. B. to delay. c. to weaken.

6 exploit • At the turn of the century, factory owners exploited children by making them
(eks-ploit') work in terrible conditions for as many as eighteen hours a day.
-verb
• Although Ricky is the English teacher's son, he refuses to exploit his status.
He works as hard as anyone else in the class.
_ Exploit means A. to forget. B. to take advantage of. c. to be sad about.

12
 Chapter 2 13

7 methodical • A methodical way to store spices is to shelve them in alphabetical order.

(m -thod''i-bl) • Juanita is so methodical about her diet that she classifies the foods in each
-adjective meal into different nutritional categories.
Methodical means A. accidental. B. out-of-date. c. orderly.

8 obsolete • Cellphones are so common now that they have made pagers almost obsolete.
(ob's let') • In the United States, the automobile quickly made travel by horse and carriage
-adjective obsolete.
Obsolete means A. popular. B. useful. c. extinct.

9 tangible • The sculptor loved making her ideas tangible by giving them form in metal
ctan, j -b l) and stone.
-adjective • Com-chip crumbs, empty soda bottles, and dirty napkins were tangible
evidence that a party had taken place the night before.
Tangible means A. clever. B. solid. c. hidden.

10 terminate • As the clock's hands inched toward 3:00, the students waited impatiently for
(rur'm nat') the bell to terminate the last class before spring vacation.
-verb • The referee should have terminated the boxing match when he first saw the
weaker fighter losing the ability to defend himself.
Terminate A. to B. to c. to begin.
means end. revive.

Matching Words with Definitions

Following are definitions of the ten words. Clearly write or print each word next to its definition. The
sentences above and on the previous page will help you decide on the meaning of each word.

1. --------- To draw forth

2. To stop; bring to an end

3. Orderly; systematic

4. Close; near (to something)

5. Able to be touched; having form and matter

6. No longer active or in use; out of date

7. To increase or intensify

8. Great praise or applause; enthusiastic approval

9. To hold the full attention of; absorb

10. To use selfishly or unethically; take unfair advantage of

CAUTION: Do not go any further until you are sure the above answers are correct. Then you can use the definitions to
help you in the following practices. Your goal is eventually to know the words well enough so that you don't need to check the
definitions at all.
14 Chapter 2

Using the answer line provided, complete each item below with the correct word from the box. Use each
word once.

A. acclaim
B. adjacent c. elicit o. engross E. escalate
F. exploit
G. methodical H. 1. tangible J. termin ate
obsolete

1. A wedding ring is a(n) _ expression of a couple's commitment to each other.

2. If solar energy becomes as cheap and plentiful as sunshine, nuclear energy,
which is expensive, may become _.
3. With movies like Saving Private Ryan, Forrest Gump, Cast Away, and Charlie
Wilson's War to his credit, actor Tom Hanks has won Oscars and the_ of
admiring critics.
4. Our house is _ to one with a high wooden fence, so our view on that side is
completely blocked.
5. The shouting match between Rose and her brother _(e)d until it was so loud
that the neighbors complained .
6. Sometimes an article I'm reading on the bus will_ me so much that I'll
pass my stop.
7. When workers feel _( e)d by their employers, they often go on strike
for larger salaries and better working conditions.
8. Diana is very _ when it comes to cooking. She reads the recipe carefully,
gathers all the ingredients, and gets out the utensils before beginning.
9. When Luke was caught stealing money on the job, the company _(e)d his
employment and brought him up on criminal charges.
10. In one disturbing survey, the question "Which do you like better, TV or Daddy?"
_(e)d this response from a number of children: ''TV."
NOTE: Now check your answers to these items by turning to page 129. Going over the answers carefully
will help you prepare for the next two practices, for which answers are not given.

Using the answer lines provided, complete each item below with two words from the box. Use each
word once.

1-2. The gifted ice skater's routine _(e)d the audience. It was the epitome0 of
grace and power combined. At the end, a long, rapid spin _( e)d a burst of
applause.

3-4 . Although hand-crafted furniture is almost _, mass production hasn't

yet_(e)d all demand for it.

5-6. Workers want_ rewards such as a good salary and a health-care program,
but they also welcome less concrete benefits, such as _ for a job well done.
 Chapter 2 15

7- 8. The more the British _(e)d the American colonies by trucing them unfairly,
the more the colonists' animosity 0 toward the British _(e)d.

9-10. Patty's_ approach to gardening is to arrange all the plants in a row, with
each one _ to the one that will be planted after it.

Here is a final opportunity for you to strengthen your knowledge of the ten words. First read the
following selection carefully. Then fill in each blank with a word from the box at the top of the previous
page. (Context clues will help you figure out which word goes in which blank.) Use each word once.

As Alex sat down in the carnival tent, the lights dimmed.

A spotlight revealed a short, heavy man holding a thick
chain. He tugged the chain, and an old, muzzled bear
appeared. The man, the animal's owner, announced that the
bear's name was Sally. He said he would give a hundred
dollars to anyone who wrestled Sally to the floor.
''That's disgusting! You have no right to (1) _
an animal that way!" a woman called out. Several voices
joined her in protest. A number of people walked out of the
tent. Alex wanted to leave, too, but he was too shocked to
move. He had thought bear wrestling was (2)
given up long ago as a cruel sport.
But the man's offer (3) (e)d one
drunken response. "I'll do it!" a big man yelled, winning
the (4) of Sally's owner, who congratulated him warmly. The drunk began
swinging at Sally. She backed away. "Knock her on her rear!" the owner shouted. When Sally finally
raised a paw to defend herself, her anta gonist could see that she had no claws. Feeling very brave
0

now, he
(5) (e)d his attack.
The horrible scene (6) (e)d Alex, who could barely believe his eyes. The man
sitting (7) to Alex rose to his feet and left, muttering "This shouldn't be allowed.
I'm calling the police.''
Meanwhile, the drunken man knocked Sally over. Her owner then (8) (e)d the
match and handed Sally a bucket of food. The (9) way in which he conducted his
act showed Alex he had done it many, many times before.
Finally, the owner led Sally away. The animal's drooping head and her labored walk were
(10) expressions of her misery. As Sally passed him, Alex saw two police
officers enter the tent. He hoped with all his heart that the law could prevent another such amora l
0

display of cruelty to this living creature.

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 CHAPTER

3
allusion banal
altruistic euphemism
appease mercenary
arbitrary syndrome
assail taint

Ten Words in Context

In the space provided, write the letter of the meaning closest to that of each boldfaced word. Use
the context of the sentences to help you figure out each word's meaning.

1 allusion -adjective Banal means

(�-loo'zh:m)
-noun

Allusion to means

2 altruistic
(al'troo-is'tik)
-adjective
Altruistic means

3 appease
c�-pez')
-verb

_ Appease means

4 arbitrary
(ar'bi-trer'e)
-adjective

_ Arbitrary means

5 assail
(�-
sfil')
-verb
Assail means

6 banal
(b;J-nal
')
 • After I suggested behavior. They risk their own lives to give alarm calls to nearby relatives.
that Monty have • "I'm not often altruistic," Brett admitted. "I usually put my own welfare
fruit for dessert
first."
instead of
chocolate cake, A. unselfish. B. cheerful. c. greedy.
he responded, "Is
that an allusion • My sister was so outraged when I accidentally dropped and broke her
to my weight?" cell phone that nothing I could say or do would appease her.
• Ramon didn't • Roger was furious when he saw me out with another guy, but I
have the quickly appeased him by explaining that the "date" was my cousin.
courage to A. to annoy. B. to heal. c. to calm.
come right out
and ask Lia to • Professor Miller's students were angry that he graded essays in an
marry him. arbitrary way, rather than using clear-cut standards.
Instead, he made
• Parents should not enforce rules according to their moods. Such
only an allusion
arbitrary discipline only confuses children.
to marriage by
asking, "Wouldn't A. steady. B. slow. c. impulsive.
it be easier if we
had to fill out • The storm assailed us with hail and heavy rain.
just one tax • The two candidates continuously assailed each other with accusations
return?" of dishonesty.
A. acontrast to. A. to attack. B. to confuse. c. to support.
a hint about.
an answer for. • The film, with its overused expressions and unimaginative plot, was the most
banal I had ever seen.
• When an enemy • "Nice to see you" may be a banal comment, but what it lacks in
approaches, originality it makes up for in friendliness.
ground squirrels A. greedy. B. unoriginal. c. clever.
show altruistic
16
 Chapter 3 17

7 euphemism • Common euphemisms include "final resting place" (for grave), "intoxicated"
(yoo'f -miz' (for drunk), and "powder room" (for toilet).
m) • The Central Intelligence Agency is on record as having referred to
-noun assassination with the euphemism "change of health."
_ Euphemism means A. a harsh B. a term that doesn't offend. c. a foreign term.
term.

8 mercenary • Ed is totally mercenary. His philosophy is, "Pay me enough, and I'll do
(mur's -ner'e) anything."
-adjective
• The con man pretended to love the wealthy widow, but he actually married her
for mercenary reasons.
_ Mercenary means A. jealous. B. angry. c. greedy.
9 syndrome • Headaches are usually harmless, but as part of a syndrome including fever and
(sin,drom) a stiff neck, they may be a sign of a serious illness.
-noun
• Jet lag is a syndrome resulting from flying long distances; it often includes
exhaustion, headache, and loss of appetite.
_ Syndrome means A. a group of symptoms. B. a cause. c. something required.

10 taint • The involvement of organized crime has tainted many sports, including boxing
(tant) and horse racing.
-verb
• The government scandal tainted the reputations of everyone involved.
Taint means A. to benefit. B. to damage. c. to start.

Matching Words with Definitions

Following are definitions of the ten words. Clearly write or print each word next to its definition. The
sentences above and on the previous page will help you decide on the meaning of each word.

1. Determined by personal judgment, not rule or reason; based on impulse

2. Motivated only by financial gain; greedy
3. An indirect reference
4. A group of symptoms typical of a particular disease or condition
5. A mild or vague term used as a substitute for one considered offensive
or unpleasant
6. To calm, especially by giving in to the demands of

Lacking originality; overused; commonplace

7.
To stain the honor of someone or something
8.
To attack physically or verbally
9.
Unselfishly concerned for the welfare of others; unselfish
10.

CAUTION: Do not go any further until you are sure the above answers are correct. Then you can use the definitions to help
you in the following practices. Your goal is eventually to know the words well enough so that you don't need to check the
definitions at all.
 18 Chapter 3

Using the answer line provided, complete each item below with the correct word from the box. Use each
word once.
A. allusion e. altruistic c. appease o. arbitrary e. assail
F. banal G. euphemism H. mercenary ,. syndrome J. taint

1. There have been people _ enough to sell their own children for the right
price.
2. "Someone hasn't shown me his report card," my mother said, making a(n) _
to my brother.
3. It takes a(n) _ person to adopt a disabled child.
4. The mugger _ed his victims with a baseball bat.
5. The local undertaker insists on using a(n) _ for the chapel of his funeral
parlor. He calls it the "slumber room."
6. The report that the halfback was addicted to drugs _(e)d the team's im age.
7. The only thing that would_ the dead boy's parents was imprisonment of the
drunk driver who had killed him.
8. Abraham Lincoln is thought to have had Marfan's _, a group of symptoms
which includes unusually long bones and abnormal blood circulation.
9. The judge's harsh sentence was _ . Rather than being based on past similar
cases or on the seriousness of the crime, it was based on the judge's opinion of
the defendant.
10. " You' re special" probably appears on thousands of greeting cards, but when
someone says it to you and means it, it never seems _.
NOTE: Now check your answers to these items by turning to page 129 . Going over the answers
carefull y will help you prepare for the next two practices, for which answers are not given.

Using the answer lines provided, complete each item below with two words from the box. Use each word
once.
II 1-2. _ people tend to place the public welfare above their own self-interes t. In
contrast, _ people will exploit0 anyone for a profit-they will even sell
harmful products.

3-4. The angry customer loudly _( e)d the salesman for having sold her a broken
clock. The salesman quickly _(e)d her by giving her a full refund.
5- 6. A certain rare_ includes a very odd symptom-an uncontrollable urge to
use obscene language. This disease can _ a victim's reputation, because
some people who hear the foul language won't understand the reason for it.

7-8. My boss judges performance in a(n) _ manner, praising and scolding

according to his moods. And when he says, "Please stay a few minutes
longer today," "a few minutes" is a(n) _ for "an hour."
 Chapter 3 19

9-10. The critic hated stale language. Instead of writing a(n) _ comment such
as "That ballerina is light on her feet," he made an interesting _ to the
dancer's movements: "She was never heavier than moonlight."

Here is a final opportunity for you to strengthen your knowledge of the ten words. First read the
following selection carefully. Then fill in each blank with a word from the box at the top of the previous
page. (Context clues will help you figure out which word goes in which blank.) Use each word once.

My older brother, Mark, has no luck with women. He

doesn't understand why. I do.
To begin with, when he first meets a woman, he goes
into one of two styles of conversation. The first is to
(1) her with a stream of personal
questions: ''What's your name? Where do you live? Is that
your real hair color? What kind of work do you do? Do you
want to have kids someday? Are you seeing anyone? Would
you like to have dinner with me?" Naturally, most women
find this surprising and annoying. His other approach is to
say the most (2) things imaginable: "Nice day,
isn't it? I thought it might rain this morning,
but it didn't. It might rain tomorrow, but who knows. Last week was nice weather, too." By this time
the poor girl has either walked away or passed out from boredom.
Another thing Mark often does in his encounters with women is to say things that make him sound
0

totally (3) as if money were the most important thing in the world to him. He
makes frequent (4) s to his own salary, asks the woman how much she makes,
and complains about the prices of everything on a menu. When he takes a date to a movie, he sometimes
embarrasses her by trying to get his money back from the theater manager afterward, claiming he hadn't
liked the movie. Naturally, this sort of behavior somewhat (5) shim in the woman's
eyes, and he rarely gets a second date. When one of his former girlfriends complained to me about
Mark's behavior, I tried to (6) her by telling her that underneath it all, Mark is really a
nice guy. She replied by saying that she wasn't interested in digging that far down.
Mark, of course, finds women's reactions to him completely (7) _
He shakes his head and says, ''Women are just not reasonable. Here I am, as nice as can be, and
they act as if I have some horrible, contagious (8) ." I try to be a(n)
(9) sister and help the guy out. I point out how his behaviors turn women off,
using gentle (10) s such as "You're a special, unusual person, Mark. You're just

a little eccentric
0

.
Maybe I need to come right out and let him hear the truth, even if it makes him mad: l.
"You're weird, Mark."

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 calamity persevere
comprehensive ponder
conventional rehabilitate
flagrant turmoil
fluctuate venture

Ten Words in Context

In the space provided, write the letter of the meaning closest to that of each boldfaced word. Use the
context of the sentences to help you figure out each word's meaning.

1 calamity • The survivors of the earthquake slowly rebuilt their homes and lives after the
(ka-lam 'i-te) calamity.
-noun
• Our neighbor's house burned down one night in May. Ever since that calamity,
some of the children on our street have been afraid to go to bed at night.
Calamity means A. an activity. B. a tragedy. c. a risk.

2 comprehensive • That article on sightseeing in Charleston was not comprehensive. It failed

(kom'pre-hen'siv) to mention many points of interest in that wonderful city.
-adjective
• The company's comprehensive insurance plan covers most health services,
including hospitals, doctors, and dentists.
Comprehensive means A. complete. B. familiar. c. continuous.
3 conventional • Two conventional Valentine's Day gifts are roses and chocolates.
(kan-ven 'sha-nal)
-adjective • Jorge wanted to propose to Ramona in the conventional manner, so in the
middle of a restaurant, he got down on one knee and asked, "Will you
marry me?"
Conventional means A. out-of-the-way. B. useful. c. usual.
4 flagrant • The use of campaign funds for the congressman's private business was a
(fla'grant) flagrant violation of the law.
-adjective
• In flagrant disregard of his parents' stated wishes, Art wore a T-shirt and
jeans to their dinner party.
Flagrant means A. obvious. B. acceptable. c. minor.
5 fluctuate • My weight used to fluctuate between 150 and 190 pounds. Now it's
(fliik,choo-at') steady, at 170 pounds.
-verb
• Desert temperatures can fluctuate by as much as fifty degrees between
daytime and nighttime.
Fluctuate means A. to continue. B. to vary. c. to follow.
6 persevere • "I know you're tired," Jack said, "but we've got to persevere and get to the
(pfu'sa-vir') camp before the storm hits."
-verb
• It was not easy to attend English classes while working at two jobs, but Nina
persevered until she could speak English well.
Persevere means A.
to surrender. B. to hold back. c. to keep going.

20
 Chapter4 21

7 ponder • Too often we don't take time to ponder the possible consequences of our
(pon'd.>r) actions.
-verb • Over the years, Mr. Madigan rarely took time to ponder the meaning of life.
Since his heart attack, however, he's thought a lot about what is important to
him.
Ponder means A. to wait for. B. to ignore. c. to think about.

8 rehabilitate • Most prisons make little effort to rehabilitate inmates so that they can lead
(re'h.>-bil,.>-tat) productive, wholesome lives after their release.
-verb • My grandfather learned to walk, write, and speak again in a program that
rehabilitates stroke victims.
Rehabilitate means A. to pay back. B. to return to normal c. to depend upon.
life.

9 turmoil • Without a teacher, the sixth-grade class was in turmoil, until the principal
(tfir'moil) entered the room and the students quickly came to order.
-noun
• After the turmoil of crying babies, active children, and trying to feed 120
people, I'm glad when our family reunions end.
Turmoil means A. discussion. B. disorder. c. harmony.
I I
I
10 venture
(ven,ch.>r)
• "I'll venture going on any ride in this amusement park except the Twister,"
said Nick. "I'll risk getting sick to my stomach, but I won't risk my life."
I
-verb
• "At tomorrow's staff meeting," my older sister said, "I will venture to say what
I really think-and cross my fingers that I don't get fired."
Venture means A. to dare. B. to remember. c. to imagine.

Matching Words with Definitions

Following are definitions of the ten words. Clearly write or print each word next to its definition. The
sentences above and on the previous page will help you decide on the meaning of each word.

Shockingly obvious; outrageous

2. To take the risk of; dare

3. Including all or much

4. To restore to a normal life through therapy or education

5. To continue with an effort or plan despite difficulties

6. Complete confusion; uproar

7. An event bringing great loss and misery

8. To vary irregularly; to go up and down or back and forth

9. To consider carefully; think deeply about

10. Customary; ordinary

CAUTION: Do not go any further until you are sure the above answers are correct. Then you can use the definitions to help
you in the following practices. Your goal is eventually to know the words well enough so that you don't need to check the
definitions at all.
I 22 Chapter4

Using the answer line provided, complete each item below with the correct word from the box. Use each
word once.

A. calamity e. comprehensive c. conventional flagrant E. fluctuate

F. persevere G. ponder H. rehabilitate turmoil J. venture

1. Tracy is so vain that she considers it a _ if a pimple appears anywhere on her

face.
2. Too many people have a child without taking time to _ parenthood. They
give less thought to having a baby than to buying a sofa.

3. When Charlene lost her job because she spoke up for a fellow employee, it was
a _ violationof her rights.

4. Our history exam will be _; it will cover everything we've studied since
September.
5. Nobody in Doug's family has a_ job. His mother is a drummer, his father is
a magician, and his uncle is a wine taster.

6. Learning the new software program was difficult, but when Maria saw how
useful it would be in her work, she was glad she had _(e)d.

7. Ittook many months of therapy to _ my aunt after she lost her sight, but now
she can get around her home and neighborhood on her own.

8. The day we moved, the apartment was in _. Boxes and people were
everywhere, and the baby wouldn't stop crying.

9. The way my dog's appetite (e)d this week worries me. One day she hardly
ate anything, and the next day she gulped down everything I gave her.

10. Instead of hiring a lawyer, the defendant will _ to plead her own case
in court.
NOTE: Now check your answers to these items by turning to page 129. Going over the answers
carefully will help you prepare for the next two practices, for which answers are not given.

Using the answer lines provided, complete each item below with two words from the box. Use each word
once.
1-2. The one time my cousin _(e)d skydiving, the result was a _. Her
parachute didn't open, and she was injured so badly in the fall that she almost
died.

3-4. A drug-treatment center can _ most addicts. Among the failures are addicts
who don't_ with the treatment and leave the center early.

5-6. When he drives alone, Marshall's behavior is very _; he obeys _all the
traffic rules. But when his friends are with him, he shows off with _
violations of the speed limit.
 Chapter 4 23

7-8. "We need to_ all we might do to help families in trouble," said the social
worker to her staff. "We must plan a_ program, not just a narrow plan
dealing with only one part of their lives."

9-10. The boss's moods and orders _ so wildly at times that they throw the
department into _. As a result of his arbitrary0 behavior, our productivity is
at an all-time low.

Here is a final opportunity for you to strengthen your knowledge of the ten words. First read the
following selection carefully. Then fill in each blank with a word from the box at the top of the previous
page. (Context clues will help you figure out which word goes in which blank.) Use each word once.

We tried to stop Anna from jumping, but her

(1) disregard of our warnings led
to a (2) that would change her life
forever. She dove off a rock into a river none of us was sure
was deep enough. When she hit the bottom, she broke her
back.
I visited Anna at the hospital every day for the next
few weeks. I saw her mood (3) _

between anger and quiet depression. Her whole life seemed

in (4) ·she was too confused and
unhappy to think reasonably about her future.
Within about a month, however, I began to see a change
in Anna. She had moved to Henner House to participate in a very (S) program,
designed to meet all the needs of patients like Anna. The program (6) s
accident victims so that they can return to fulfilling lives. Anna gained hope once she saw she could learn
to do such everyday tasks as cooking, cleaning, and bathing. After learning how to get around indoors,
she
(7) (e)d traveling around the city in her wheelchair. The more she did, the
better she felt. The staff also helped Anna plan for her future. They urged her to (8) her
goals and how she might meet them. At times, it was difficult for her to (9) with
the program, but she didn't quit.
Now, ten months later, Anna is able to live a somewhat (1O) life. Despite
her condit ion, she is able to do many of the ordinary things she used to do-work, drive, and live in an
apartment with a friend. Yes, her life has changed forever. But Anna is once again glad to be alive.

Scores Sentence Check 2

% Final Check %

Enter your scores above and in the Vocabulary Performance Chart on the inside back cover of the book.
 CHAPT

5
attest enigma
attribute exemplify
discern mobile
ER
dispatch nocturnal
enhance orient

Ten Words in Context

In the space provided, write the letter of the meaning closest to that of each boldfaced word. Use the
context of the sentences to help you figure out each word's meaning.

1 attest • Anyone who has seen the Golden Gate Bridge in the rose-gold light of sunset
(;}-test') can attest to its beauty.
-verb
• Witnesses attest to the fact that rainfall makes the ground of Death Valley so
slippery that bou]ders slide across it.
Attest to means A. to declare to be true. B. to wish for. c. to forget easily.

2 attribute • A three-hundred-page novel written in 1939 has the odd attribute of containing
<at'r;}-byoot ') no e, the most common letter in English.
-noun
• Some cars have computerized attributes such as windshield wipers that
automatical1y turn on when it rains.
Attribute means A. a tendency. B. a defect. c. a characteristic.
3 discern • An experienced jeweler can easily discern whether a diamond is genuine or
(di-sum ' ) fake.
-verb
• People who are red-green colorblind can discern the colors of traffic lights by
recognizing shades of gray.
Discern means A. to see clearly. B. to disregard. c. to change.
4 dispatch • I wanted to dispatch the letter as quickly as possible, so I took it to the post
(di-spiich ') office instead of dropping it into a mailbox.
-verb
• At work Haro]d is treated like an errand boy. His boss often dispatches him to
the deli for sandwiches or donuts.
Dispatch means A. to represent. B. to send. c. to drive.
5 enhance • Our gym teacher enhanced her appearance with a more attractive hairstyle.
(en-hiins')
• The college catalogue stated that the writing course would "enhance all
-verb
students' writing skills" by improving their grammar and style.
Enhance means A. to make better. B. to recognize. c. to reduce.

6 enigma • How the thief entered our house was an enigma until we remembered that the
(i-nig'm;}) cel1ar door had been left unlocked.
-noun
• The "singing sands" of Scotland remained an enigma until scientists learned
that footsteps caused the round grains of sand and the surrounding air pockets
to make musical vibrations.
_ Enigma means A. a comfort. B. a puzz1e. c. an error.

24
 Chapter 5 25

7 exemplify • The many IRS employees who give citizens inaccurate information exemplify
(ig-zem,pl -fi') governmental incompetence.
-verb • Mr. Ramirez, who emphasizes original thinking and freedom of expression,
exemplifies the best in teaching.
_ Exemplify means A. to illustrate. B. to save. c. to oppose.

8 mobile • My parents own a mobile home, which can be moved from place to place.
(mo'b l) • Every morning when I was in the hospital, a volunteer wheeled a mobile
-adjective library into my room.
Mobile A. active. B. expensive. c. movable.
means

9 nocturnal • I know when my brother has enjoyed one of his nocturnal feasts because I
(nok-tur'n l) find a stack of dishes in the sink in the morning.
-adjective
• Since owls are nocturnal, they are rarely seen during the day.
Nocturnal means A. noisy. B. busy. c. of the night.

10 orient • When coming up from the subway, I often need to look at a street sign to orient
(or'e-ent) myself.
-verb
• Certain cars let drivers orient themselves in unfamiliar places with the help of
an electronic map that shows the car's location.
Orient means A. to B. to c. to question.
locate. welcome.

Matching Words with Definitions

Following are definitions of the ten words. Clearly write or print each word next to its definition. The
sentences above and on the previous page will help you decide on the meaning of each word.
I.
--------- A mystery or puzzle

2. To send to a specific place or on specific business

3. Of, about, or happening in the night; active at night

4. To make a statement about something on the basis of personal experience;

bear witness; testify

5. To determine one's location or direction; to locate in relation to a direction

(east, west, etc.)

6. To recognize; detect
I
7. ---------Timprove; add to the strength, beauty, or value of something l 1

8. --------- Moving or able to move from place to place

9. A quality or feature of a person or thing

10. To be an example of; represent; be typical of

CAUTION: Do not go any f urther until you are sure the above answers are correct. Then you can use the definitions to help you in
the following practices. Your goa l is eventua lly to know the words well enough so that you don't need to check the definitions
at all.
II
26 Chapter 5

Using the answer line provided, complete each item below with the correct word from the box. Use each
word once.

A. attest c. o. dispatch E. enhance

B. attribute
F. enigma discern
G. exemplify 1. nocturna J. orient
H. mobile l

1. Fresh garlic may not _ the breath, but it certainly improves spaghetti sauce.

2. A witness _(e)d to the truth of the defendant's claim that she had loved the
murdered man.
3. When I was younger, my mother used to_ me to the store for milk or some
missing cooking ingredient as often as twice a day.

4. The lives of such reformers as Susan B. Anthony, Mahatma Gandhi, and Martin
Luther King _ greatness.
5. Science does not have enough evidence to solve the_ of whether or not there
is other intelligent life in the universe .
6. The convicts decided on a(n) _ escape. The darkness would hide them as
they fled through the forest.
7. Sue's hairpiece is so natural-looking that it's impossible to _ where the
hairpiece ends and her own hair begins.

8. The positions of the stars help sailors _ themselves on the open seas.

9. My mother is unable to walk, but with her wheelchair she is_ enough to get
around her apartment, move along a sidewalk, and even shop at a mall.

10. Giant kelp, a form of seaweed, has some amazing _s. Not only is it the
world's fastest-growing vegetable, but the more it is cut, the faster it grows.

NOTE: Now check your answers to these items by turning to page 129. Going over the answers
carefully will help you prepare for the next two practices, for which answers are not given.

Using the answer lines provided, complete each item below with two words from the box. Use each word
once.
1-2. Because Helen Keller could not hear or see, the keenness of her other senses
was _(e)d by use. It is said that she could_ who was in a room simply
by using her sense of smell.

3-4. A _ robot that collects and delivers mail throughout the office building
_s itself with electric eyes.

5. In fables, animals often illustrate human _ s. In the story of the race

between the tortoise and the hare, the tortoise is meant to _ the human
qualities of being slow but steady. Despite competing against a much
speedier antagonist0 , he perseveres0 and defeats the overly confident hare.
 Chapter 5 27

7-8. The reason the boss likes to _ Oliver on lengthy errands is no _.

Everyone knows that the office functions better with Oliver out of the
way.

9- l 0. Anyone who has ever gone to college can _ to the fact that during final
exams, many students become _ animals. They study all night before an
exam and then, once the test is over, sleep the rest of the day.

Here is a final opportunity for you to strengthen your knowledge of the ten words. First read the
following selection carefully. Then fill in each blank with a word from the box at the top of the previous
page. (Context clues will help you figure out which word goes in which blank.) Use each word once.

Animals possess sensory powers that humans lack.

Homing pigeons fly with great speed and accuracy when

(1) (e)d with messages to

faraway

places. How do pigeons (2)_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

themselves in unfamiliar regions? This remains something of

a(n) (3) .The mystery, however, is

partly explained by a pigeon's ability to see ultraviolet light,

which reveals the sun's position even through clouds. In

addition, pigeons can hear sound waves that have traveled

hundreds of miles. These waves (4) _

a pigeon's sense of direct ion by indicating distant mountains

and seas. Pigeons even appear to (5) changes in the earth's magnetic field.

Bats have impressive (6) s equally worthy of acclaim

0
•

As (7) animals, they search for food in complete darkness. They do so by

screeching in tones higher than any human can hear and then locating prey by the returning echoes.

Scorpions also (8) the night hunter. Tiny leg hairs enable them to feel

vibrations in the sand made by a (9) insect as far as two feet away.

People with knowledge of the pigeon, bat, and scorpion can (10) tothe

fact that such "inventions" as the magnetic compass, radar, and the motion detector are nothing new.

Scores Sentence Check 2 % Final Check %

Enter your scores above and in the Vocabulary Performance Chart on the inside back cover of the book.
 II

11 The box at the right lists twenty-five words from Unit One. Using the clues at the bottom of the page, fill PART A
in these words to complete the puzzle that follows.

absolve adjacent altruistic amiable assail attest banal calamity discern dispatch eccentric engross enigma epitome euphemism exploit flagrant fluctuate malign obsolete orient ponder taint terminate turmoil

21. To consider carefully; think

I ACROSS
2. To send to a specific place or
1 on specific business
11 3. To make evil and often untrue
statements about; speak evil of
4. No longer active in use; out of
date
5. To stop; bring to an end
7. Differing from what is
customary; odd
9. A mystery or puzzle
12. Unselfishly concerned for the
welfare of others; unselfish
14. To attack physically or verbally
18. Close; near (to something)
28
deeply about
22. A perfect or typical example
23. To make a statement about
something on the basis of
personal experience; bear
witness; testify
DOWN
1. Shockingly obvious;
outrageous
2. To recognize; detect
5. Complete confusion; uproar
6. To determine one's location
or direction; to locate in
relation to a direction
8. Good-natured; friendly
10. To vary irregularly; to go up
and down or back and forth
11. A mild or vague term used
as a substitute for one that is
offensive or unpleasant
13. An event bringing great loss or
misery
15. Lacking originality; overused;
commonplace
16. To find innocent or blameless
17. To use selfishly or unethically;
take unfair advantage of
19. To hold the full attention of
20. To stain the honor of someone
or something
PART A
Choose the word that best completes each item and write it in the space provided.

1. In the winter, the price of tomatoes _ while their quality goes down.

A. elicits
B. appeases c. . escalates D. absolves

2. A common_ for corpse is "remains."

A. acclaim
B. attribute c. euphemism D. turmoil

3. The taxi driver was so _ that he charged his own mother for a ride.

A. mercenary B. arbitrary c. mobile D. obsolete

4. You probably thought that mail delivery by mule was _, but it still
exists in the Grand Canyon.

A. adamant
B. mercenary C. tangible D. obsolete

5. New York's firefighters and police were the _ of courage during the
attack on the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001. Many of them
lost their lives while attempting to save others. I
I•
A. calamity B. epitome
c. animosity D. euphemism

6. The suspect realized that if she wanted to be _ of the charges, she'd

better hire a detective to find the real murderer.

A. assailed B. enhanced c. pondered D. absolved

7. According to legend, vampires are _ creatures who cannot survive in

daylight. 11111
A. altruistic B. banal
c. nocturnal D. conventional

8. The counseling program to_ addicts includes job training.

A. rehabilitate
B. attest c. ponder D. exemplify

9. The Peace Corps continues to_ American volunteers to live and work
in developing nations. I

A. discern
B. appease c. dispatch o. fluctuate

10. In a race across New Jersey in 190l, drivers traveling up to thirty miles
an hour were arrested for their _ disregard of the speed limit, which
was eight miles an hour.
A. flagrant B. altruistic c. banal D. conventional
(Continues on ne.tt page )

29
30 UNIT ONE: Test 1

PARTS
On the answer line, write the letter of the choice that best completes each item.

11. You would have an encounter with an old friend from grade school if you
A. contacted him by e-mail. c. forgot about him.
B. missed him. o. ran into him at the mall.
12. Conventional business clothing for a man includes
A. Bermuda shorts and a Hawaiian shirt. c. a suit and tie.
B. jeans and a sleeveless tank top. o. swimming trunks
13. The office manager maligned her boss by saying,
A. "He's not only stupid but also dishonest." c. "He's the nicest boss I've ever had."
B. "I wish I had a sports car like his." o. "I think he could be a little more
efficient."
14. Our English teacher says spring fever is a syndrome that includes
A. March through June. c. an urge to stare sleepily out the window.
B. beautiful daffodils. o. allergy pills.
15. "You have tainted the name of our family forever," Ellen's father told her, "and you should be
A. proud." c. amused."
B. ashamed." o. thanked."
16. In order to attest to what it feels like to walk on the moon's surface, a person must
A. have read about an astronaut who did it. c. be a scientist who has studied the moon.
B. have walked there himself or herself. o. have a good imagination.
17. A person who has lost his or her eyesight can become more mobile by
A. learning to read Braille.
B. becoming depressed and refusing to go out.
c. learning to get around with a Seeing Eye dog.
o. listening to the radio.
18. The nurse exploited her elderly patient by
A. giving him a bath and changing his c. complaining to her husband about him.
sheets. o. tricking him into giving his fortune to her.
B. reading aloud to him every day.

19. The book so engrossed Bob that he

A. complained aloud about how disgusting and distasteful it was.
B. didn't even hear me come into the room.
c. couldn't understand it.
o. didn't finish reading it.
20. The tennis player's performance fluctuated during the tournament. It
A. was magnificent one day, awful the next, and average the following day.
B. was consistently excellent.
c. began well but went steadily downhill all week.
o. started badly but became better every day.

Score (Number correct) _ X 5 = %

Enter your score above and in the Vocabulary Perform nce Chart on the inside back cover of the book.
PART A
Complete each item with a word from the box. Use each word once.

A. acclaim B. adamant c. D. antagonist E. appease

F. attribute allusion enigma orient
G. comprehensive 1. J.
K. persevere H. elicit
L. terminate
M. venture

1. Marathon runners must _ beyond the point at which they start to feel
pain.

2. The _s in the debate took opposing sides on the question of outlawing

cigarettes.

3. People who can't read must _ themselves in a city by relating to

familiar places, not signs.

4. In my dreams, I _ to perform feats that I would never dare when

awake, such as leaping from roof to roof along a row of houses.

5. In some religions, gods and goddesses represent various human _s,

such as strength, beauty, and wisdom.

6. Apparently, the chance to be President of the United States doesn't_

much enthusiasm from most Americans-89 percent say they wouldn ' t
want the job.

7. When Kathleen stood Evan up for the prom, an apology did not _ him.
He's suing her for the cost of his rented tux and the prom tickets.

8. To get a bachelor's degree from some universities, students must take

a(n) _ exam that tests their overall knowledge of their major field.

9. Although Marilyn Monroe received great _ from adoring fans and

critics, she never received an Academy Award.

10. Our congressional representative, _ in her opposition to pesticides,

often reminds voters that pesticides kill about fourteen thousand people
each year.

11. In 1876, Wild Bill Hickok was in a poker game that was _(e)d by a
bullet entering the back of his head.

12. "Gina isn't the only- athlete in the family," Clarence said, making a(n)
_ to Gina's father, a bowling champion.

13. The thousands of oak leaves that covered the ground in a Scottish town in
1889 were a(n) _. The nearest oak trees were eight miles away.

(Colllinues on next page )

31
32 UNIT ONE: Test 2

PART B
Write C if the italicized word is used correctly. Write I if the word is used incorrectly.

14. The turmoil of a smooth, clear lake always makes me feel at peace.

15 . A wedding ring is a tangible expression of a couple's commitment to each other.

16. Every day, people enhance the tropical rainforests by destroying some twenty thousand acres.

17. The passerby showed his animosity by entering the burning house and pulling the child to
safety.
18. When the evidence in a case is unclear, a jury's decision may be arbitrary, based on only the
jurors' "gut feeling."
19. James Bond was about to step into his enemy's trap when a beautiful woman, a former enemy
who had fallen in love with him, pondered him to escape.
20. If you worry about the environment, you're eccentric. According to a poll, over three-fourths
of Americans are concerned about the environment.
21. Phyllis is very methodical in her efforts to be the life of any party. She keeps a file box of
jokes, indexed by occasion.
22. We had to trim the oak tree adjacent to our house so that its branches wouldn't reach into the
porch.
23. Our amiable neighbor scares our children so much that they refuse to knock on his door even
on Halloween.
24. In 1971, three dolphins assailed a drowning woman by keeping her afloat and protecting her
from sharks across two hundred miles of ocean.
25. Lightning bolts, which travel at millions of miles an hour and produce five times the heat of the
sun's surface, exemplify nature's tremendous energy.

Score (Number correct) _ x 4 = %

Enter your score above and in the Vocabulary Performance Chart on the inside back cover of the book.
PART A: Synonyms
In the space provided, write the letter of the choice that is most nearly the same in meaning as the
boldfaced word.
1. tangible
A. movable B. spiritual c. calm D. touchable
2. calamity
A. invention B. anger c. tragedy D. event
3. attest
A. testify B. teach c. respond D. stain
4. elicit
A. state B. attack c. draw out D. avoid

5. allusion
A. problem B. reference c. behavior D. insult

6. fluctuate
A. lean B. vary c. prevent D. stand still
7. encounter
A. meeting B. opponent c. continuation D. characteristic

8. ponder
A. recognize B. think over c. use D. refuse
9. arbitrary
A. illegal B. governed by law c. odd D. based on impulse

10. exemplify
A. praise B. excuse c. illustrate D. send for
11. obsolete
A. personal B. old-fashioned c. noisy D. commonplace
12. antagonist
A. opponent B. supporter c. question D. response

13. exploit
A. assist B. take advantage of c. leave D. increase
14. euphemism
A. quotation B. main point c. trait D. inoffensive term

15. orient
A. consider B. please c. continue D. locate
carefully

16. appeas
e A. end B. calm c. take advantage of D. begin
down

17. discern
A. see B. forget c. interest D. deny

18. rehabilitate A. repeat

B. comeupon c. restore to normality D. clear of guilt

19. attribut
e A. confusion B. characteristic c. regret D. ill will

20. venture
A. dare B. increase c. improve D. intrude on

21. epitome
A. perfect model B. puzzle C. goal D. exception

22. syndrome
A. confusion B. reference c. typical symptoms D. main point
23. flagrant
A. unlikely B. out of date c. outrageous D. true
24. dispatc
h A. vary B. repair c. show D. send

25. enigma A. riddle B. example c. term D. disaster

(Continues on next page ·)

33
34 UNIT ONE: Test 3

PART B: Antonyms
In the space provided, write the letter of the choice that is most nearly the opposite in meaning to the
boldfaced word.

26. nocturnal
A. early B. late c. normal D. by day
27. altruistic
A. unfriendly a. selfish c. usual D. not well-known

28. comprehensive A. interesting

B. puzzling c. limited D. obvious

29. assail A. avoid B. continue c. stop D. defend

30. enhance A. prove B. worsen c. support D. resist

31. acclaim A. statement B. recognition c. criticism D. assistance

32. banal
A. original B. old c. orderly D. unselfish
33. amoral
A. dependable B. calm c. ethical D. based on personal choice

34. mobile
A. medical B. immovable C. harmful D. cautious
35. absolve
A. blame B. solve c. bring to a state of peace D. annoy

36. eccentric A. nearby B. generous c. ordinary D. disorganized

37. persevere A. build B. add to c. blame D. quit
38. animosity A. spirituality B. beauty c. opposition D. friendliness
39. engross A. delight B. bore c. make active D. discourage

40. adamant A. straightforward B. greedy c. enormous D. flexible

41. escalate A. lessen B. lift c. cause D. form an opinion

42. mercenary A. rich B. unusual c. generous D. careless

43. terminate A. begin B. study c. pay attention to D. compete

44. malign A. recover B. praise c. be consistent D. move

45. turmoil A. admiration B. peace and quiet c. blessing D. reality

46. amiable A. nearby B. disagreeable c. athletic D. unusual
47. adjacent A. unfamiliar B. distant c. ordinary D. unclear

48. methodical A. clear B. late c. generous D. disorganized

49. taint A. honor B. delay c. surprise D. interfere

50. conventional
A. lonely B. uncommon c. inconvenient D. noticeable
 Score (Number correct) _ X 2 = %

Enter your score above and in the Vocabulary Performance Chart on the inside back cover of the book.
Each item below starts with a pair of words in CAPITAL LETIERS. For each item, figure out the
relationship between these two words. Then decide which of the choices (A, B, c, or o) expresses a similar
relationship. Write the letter of your choice on the answer line.

1. ABSOLVE : BLAME ::
A. reduce : enlarge
c. trial : verdict
B. blame : punish
o. wish : desire

2. AMORAL : CRIMINAL
:: c. uneducated: professor
A. pastor : church
D. brave : explorer
B. murderer : victim

3. ANTAGONIST: TEAMMATE::
A. coworker : relative c. scholar: athlete
B. opponent : supporter D. teammate: coach

4. ACCLAIM: CRITIC::
A. test : question c. loyalty : dog
B. statement : silence D. symptom : disease

5. ADJACENT : NEARBY ::
A. neighboring : distant c. optimistic : cheerful
B. familiar : strange D. optimist : whiner

6. ENGROSS : FASCINATING
:: c . boring : thrilling
A. popular : well-known D. bore : monotonous
B. common: rare

7. METHODICAL: ORGANIZED::
A. careful : sloppy c. simple : elaborate
B. careful : orderly D. insult : anger

8. OBSOLETE : MODEL T ::
A. well-known: Disney World c. spotlight : flashlight
B. old-fashioned : modem D. nutritious : chewing gum

9. TANGIBLE : DREAMS ::
A. weather : snowy c. frequent: often
B. probable : likely D. intentional : accident

10. TERMINATE: EMPLOYMENT::

A. chimney : house c. remember : forget
B. begin: commence D. quit : school

(Conllnues on next page)

35
36 UNIT ONE: Test 4

11. ALTRUISTIC: UNSELFISH::

A. saint : holy c. generous : stingy
B. artist: painting
o. wealthy : rich

12. BANAL: UNORIGINAL::

A. surprising : unexpected
c. copied : original
B. pleasant : distasteful
D. match: fire
13. CALAMITY : SUFFERING::
A. magnet : repels c. tragedy : sadness
B. tragedy : joy
o. table : chair

14. PERSEVERE : QUIT ::

A. open : shut
c. drink : thirsty
B. perspire : sweat
D. continue : persist

15. VENTURE: EXPLORER::

A. see : blind person
C. COW: milk
B. teach: professor
o. ocean: ship

16. CONVENTIONAL: UNCOMMON::

A. conduct : experiment c. owner : possesses
B. thoughtful : considerate o. quiet : noisy

17. MOBILE: UNMOVING ::

A. rapid : slow c. excited : lively
B. write : words D. wet : water

18. ENIGMA: MYSTERIOUS ::

A. baseball : bat c. funny : serious
B. joke : funny o. clue : detective

19. OWL:NOCTURNAL::
A. tiger : cat C. day : night
B. tiger : fierce o. child : adult

20. DISCERN: LOOK::

A. hear : listen c. cold : touch
B. smell : taste o. ignore : see

Score (Number correct) _ _ _ x 5 = _ _ _ %

Enter your score above and in the Vocabulary Performance Chart on the inside back cover of the book.
 Unit Two

Chapter 6 Chapter 7
concurrent hypothetical degenerate sanctuary
confiscate nominal implausible scrutiny
constitute predominant incoherent sinister
decipher prerequisite intercede suffice
default recession intricate vulnerable

Chapters Chapter 9
blatant gloat curtail indispensable
blight immaculate devastate intermittent
contrive plagiarism digress rigor
garble qualm incentive squander
gaunt retaliate incorporate succumb

Chapter 10
alleviate infamous
benefactor intrinsic
covert revulsion
cynic speculate
demise virile