NON-MODIFIABLE FACTORS

• Age – may affect all ages but commonly

causes problems among infants (>12 MODIFIABLE FACTORS
months) • Close contact with people
• Sex – Male/Female having infected saliva or Cellular destruction of
• Underlying disease: congenital heart nasal secretions infected cells attracts
disease • Poor hand hygiene nearby immune cells (NK
cells)

DIRECT INDIRECT
RSV PNUMONIA
• Direct contact • Fomites
(Causative agent: respiratory syncytia virus)
• Large droplets

RSV enters nasal/ conjunctival mucosa and binds to

apical ciliated epithelial cells of nasopharynx

Uncoating of capsid, RSV-F protein fuses with cell RSV-G protein binds
Release & invasion of RSV
viral replication, membrane of the host and to host cell surface
virions to neighboring
transcription, release its nucleocapsid to
cells creating
translation, maturation the cytoplasm
multinucleated syncytia
and assembly

WBC infiltrates the site &

Mucus builds up in Fever, cough, and rhinitis (early
releases chemotoxic cytokines
nasopharynx and
and histamine activates
symptoms show within 2-8 days)
inflammation of nasal
inflammatory resoponse after exposure
tissue
 RSV migrates of URT to lower respiratory tract (LRT)
with its mechanisms not known ().

Virus propagates and enters respiratory epithelium

of LRT

Host inflammatory Activation of humoral and Inflammation and swelling with fluid
Rhonchi,
response is triggered cytotoxic T-cell which and mucus build up narrowing the
Inspiratory and
attach to infection site airway of bronchi towards bronchioles
expiratory
wheezing

Air trapping in alveoli Formation of mucus plugs (fluid, dead

cells) which fall to the alveoli (air sacs) Lung infiltrates →
Hyperexpansion
of lungs