Learning Area TVL-Technical Drafting Grade Level 10

W1-2 Quarter THIRD Date

I. LESSON TITLE Drafting Foundation Plan

II. MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING Indicate the locations of wall footings, footings, and columns in drafting the floor
COMPETENCIES (MELCs) plan TLE_ICTTD9-12LC-IIIa-b-1
III. CONTENT/CORE CONTENT Definition of structural terms
Suggested
IV. LEARNING PHASES Learning Activities
Timeframe
A. Introduction 30 mins. Presentation
Panimula Any idea how houses stand against some natural disasters. Why is it still
standing after a typhoon and earthquakes?

In your notebook, cite 5 ideas on how to construct a stable and durable house.
1. ____________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________
4. ____________________________________________________________
5. ____________________________________________________________

National Building Code of the Philippines

A collection of rules and regulations adopted by authorities having
appropriate jurisdiction to control the design and construction of buildings,
alteration, repair, quality of materials, use and occupancy, and related factors
of buildings within their jurisdiction; contains minimum architectural, structural,
and mechanical standards for sanitation, public health, welfare, safety, and the
provision of light and air.
These rules are important guides in constructing a house.

B. Development 1 hr. FOUNDATION All the portions of the building or structure below the footing, the
Pagpapaunlad earth upon which the structure rests.

Having a strong foundation is important to make a house stable and strong to

withstand storms, floods and other natural disasters.

The function of having a good foundation are the following:

To withstand its Load – Load are differentiated into live and dead load
Live Load – Change in weight, these are content like furniture and
people.
Dead Load – This is a constant weight like fixtures that comes within the
house that does not change like stairs and roof.

National Building Code of the Philippines about foundation.

Section 708. Minimum Requirements for Group A Dwellings.

(d) Foundation. Footing shall be of sufficient size and strength to support the
load of the dwelling and shall be at least 250 millimeters thick and 600
millimeters below the surface of the ground.

(e) Post. The dimensions of wooden post shall be those found in Table 708-A
Dimensions of Wooden Posts (Annex B-1). Each post shall be anchored to such
footing by strap and bolts of adequate size.

Section 1002. Projection into Alleys or Streets.

(b) Footings located at least 2.40 meters below grade along national roads or
public highways may project not more than 300 millimeters beyond the
property line.

(c) Foundations may be permitted to encroach into public sidewalk areas to a

width not exceeding 500 millimeters; provided, that the top of the said
 foundations is not less than 600 millimeters below the established grade; and
provided further, that said projections does not obstruct any existing utility
such as power, communication, gas, water, or sewer lines, unless the owner
concerned shall pay the corresponding entities for the rerouting of the parts of
the affected utilities.

Section 1202 Excavation, Foundation and Retaining Walls.

(c) Footings, Foundations, and Retaining Walls

(1) Footings and foundations shall be of the appropriate type, of adequate

size, and capacity in order to safely sustain the superimposed loads under
seismic or any conditions of external forces that may affect the safety or
stability of the structure. It shall be the responsibility of the architect and/or
engineer to adopt the type and design of the same in accordance with the
standards set forth by the Secretary.

(2) Whenever or wherever there exists in the site of the construction an abrupt
change in the ground levels or level of the foundation such that instability of
the soil could result, retaining walls shall be provided and such shall be of
adequate design and type of construction as prescribed by the Secretary.

Definition of Terms
WALL BEARING A wall which supports any load other than its own weight.
WALL, CROSS A term which may be used synonymously with a partition.
WALL, CURTAIN The enclosing wall of an iron or steel framework or the
nonbearing portion of an enclosing wall between pier.
WALL, DEAD A wall without openings.
WALL, EXTERIOR Any wall or element of a wall or any number or group of
members, which defines the exterior boundary or courts of a building.
WALL, FACED A wall in which the facing and backing are so bonded together
that they act as a composite element, and exert a common action under load.
WALL, FIRE Any wall which subdivided a building so as to resist the spread of
fire, by starting at the foundation and extending continuously through all storeys
to, or above the roof. Extension above the roof is 1.00 meters.
WALL, FOUNDATION That portion of an enclosing wall below the first tier of floor
joists.
WALL, HEIGHT OF The perpendicular distance measured from its base line either
at the grade or at the top of the girder to the top of the coping thereof.
Foundation and retaining walls are measured from the grade downward to the
base of the footing.
WALL, NONBEARING A wall which supports no load other than its own weight.
WALL, PARAPET That part of any entirely above the roof line.
WALL, PARTY A wall separating two or more buildings, and used in common by
the said buildings.
WALL, RETAINING Any wall used to resist the lateral displacement of any
material; a subsurface wall built to resist the lateral pressure of internal loads.
WALL, THICKNESS OF The minimum thickness measured on the bed.
C. Engagement 1 ½ hours Footing is a part of foundation which is constructed with concrete or brickwork
Pakikipagpalihan masonry and acts as a base to the floor columns and floor walls. The main
function of footing is to transfer the vertical loads directly to the soil.

A basic type of footing is a simple footing:

In placing the columns, you need to determine the following:

 1. Columns should preferably be located near the corners of the house
and at the intersection of beams/walls.
2. Select the position of columns so as to reduce bending moments in
beams.
3. Avoid larger spans of beams.
4. Avoid larger center-to-center distance between columns.
5. Columns on property line.
The maximum span between columns for normal structures is 7.5 m
and minimum spacing is 2.5 m.
Columns should have minimum dimensions of 8" x 8" and may be formed by
formwork on four sides or formwork on two sides with blockwork on the other
two. The minimum column reinforcement should be 4- ½ diameter bars with ¼"
stirrups at 6" centres.
The minimum width of footings shall be 12 inches (305 mm).
The minimum depth of footings below the surface of undisturbed soil,
compacted fill material or controlled low strength material (CLSM) shall be 12
inches (305 mm). Where applicable, the requirements of CBC Section 1809.5
shall also be satisfied. The minimum width of footings shall be 12 inches (305
mm).

Activity 1
Construct a column and footing of a house, Side View and Top View.
(Be guided according to the minimum size in construction)
Rubric:
Indicators:
Accurate measurements
Legible construction
Clean and Neat work
Time of Submission
5 – Impressively meet indicators
4 – Meet the indicator
3 – Slightly Meet the indicator
2 – Does not meet the indicator
1 – Did not have the Indicator
0 – No evidence
D. Assimilation 1 ½ hours Activity 2
Paglalapat Draft the needed columns and footings in the given floor plan using AutoCAD.

Indicators:
 Accurate measurements
Legible construction
Clean and Neat work
Time of Submission
5 – Impressively meet indicators
4 – Meet the indicator
3 – Slightly Meet the indicator
2 – Does not meet the indicator
1 – Did not have the Indicator
0 – No evidence

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_GwSUbu9gJ4

V. ASSESSMENT Quiz:
(Learning Activity Sheets for True or False
Enrichment, Remediation or
Assessment to be given on Weeks
1. Columns should preferably be located near the corners of the house
3 and 6) and at the intersection of beams/walls.
2. The maximum span between columns for normal structures is 7.5 m
and minimum spacing is 2.5 m.
3. The minimum width of footings shall be 12 meters.
4. A dead wall is a wall without openings.
5. Live Load – Change in weight, these are content like furniture and
people
VI. REFLECTION ● Write your personal insights about the lesson using the prompts below.
I understand that ___________________.
I realize that ________________________.
I need to learn more about __________.

Prepared by: Godfred M. Velarde, Ed.D Checked by: Mr. Frederick Zaide
TLE_Technical_Draftting10_week1 Rolando B. Talon Jr.
TLE-ICT-TD10-w1-2