Probability – Test A (55 mins) Fundamentals Challenge  Expert

Subtopics: Calculations, mutually exclusive and independent events, Venn diagrams, tree diagrams

1. In a class of students, the probability that a randomly selected R P

student likes rock music (R) is 0.3. The probability that they like pop
music (P) is 0.6. Given that these events are independent, copy and a b c
complete the Venn diagram shown by finding the values of a, b, c,
and d. [3]
d
2. Isaac randomly shuffles a deck of 52 cards. Half the cards are red and half are black. Isaac draws a
card from the deck, notes its colour, and does not replace it. He then draws another card from the
deck, and notes its colour.
a) Draw a tree diagram to represent the outcomes of this experiment. [2]
b) Find the probability that at least one of the cards is red. [3]

3. Two events, X and Y, occur with probability P(X) = 0.3 and P(Y) = 0.5. Find the value of
P(X and Y) when:
a) X and Y are independent [2]
b) X and Y are mutually exclusive [1]

4. The Venn diagram represents the probability that a randomly chosen customer in a phone shop will
have purchased: a mobile phone (M), a phone case (C), and phone insurance (I).
a) Given that P( M ) = 0.65, copy and complete the Venn
diagram. [3] M
b) Find the probability that a randomly selected customer C I
purchased exactly one item. [2] 0.4
c) Find the probability that a randomly selected customer x 0.15 y 0.05
purchased exactly two items. [2]
d) Show by calculation that M and I are not
independent. [3] 0.2

5. A bag contains 5 red beads, 6 green beads and 9 blue beads. Shannon selects 3 beads from the bag
one at a time, and notes their colour. Find the probability that all 3 beads are the same colour when:
a) Shannon replaces each bead after noting its colour. Give your answer to 3 s.f. [3]
b) Shannon does not replace each bead after noting its colour. Give your answer as a fraction. [5]
2.5

6. Lucille measures the heights of her 50 classmates. She

2.0
plots the data as a histogram.
Frequency density

a) Find the probability that a randomly selected 1.5

student is 100 cm or less in height. [2]
b) Estimate the probability that a randomly selected 1.0
student is 105 cm or more in height. [3]
c) Why might your estimate for part b) be inaccurate? 0.5
[1]
0.0
80 90 100 110 120 130
Height (cm)

TOTAL 35 MARKS

Test 4.3a – Probability – version 1.1 Page 1 of 1 © ZigZag Education, 2018