EXPERIMENT No.

TITLE: Case study on Product Architecture of Thermal Water Bottle.

AIM: To study different approaches using Product Architecture of Thermal Water Bottle.

ABSTRACT:
Product architecture affects most aspects of product design and manufacturing. Determine
early on in the product development process what role and team activities architecture will
focus on. Because it also drives the design and has a significant impact on costs.
Product architecture is the organization (or chunking) of a product’s functional elements. It’s
the ways these elements, or chunks, interact. It plays a significant role in how to design, make,
sell, use, and repair a new product offering. Linking to system-level design and the principles
of system engineering.
Put simply, it’s the strategy of mapping the function to form.

There are two fundamental types of product architecture: modular and integral.

In the modular type, well-defined component interfaces functionally self-contain modules.

Organize a product into a number of modules to develop and complete a specific function.
The interaction of these modules carries out the product’s overall purpose. The advantages of
modular include task allocation and outsourcing. As well as, economies of scale,
reuse/standardization for developing new products, maintenance, and mass customization.
With integral product architecture, functions are shared by physical elements. There’s greater
complexity of mapping between components and functions. However, we design or adapt
components for a specific product, making it easier to optimize the overall system.

How to create a product architecture?

Creation of a product architecture has four major steps:

• Make a schematic or block diagram of the product features that clearly expresses them.
There are available schematic templates.
• Make groups out of the schematic elements and features. This grouping process is
dependent on the type of the product. The focus should be on the relationship between
the elements.
• Make a geometric layout of these elements that represent the function and patterns in
the product. This way we form the structure of the architecture.
• Connect the different elements by drawing lines. These lines represent the interaction
between the elements.

Why is product architecture important?

Product architecture is important because it impacts many elements of a product design and
manufacturing process. Product architecture represents the relationship between a product's
functions and elements, which is important because these are crucial components of product
development. This means it's important to identify the team activities and roles the product
architecture focuses on early in the product development process. Having a well-defined
product architecture is a valuable step in outlining the next steps, and ensuring that operations
go according to plan.

Product development projects typically require professionals to create a product architecture in

an effort to outline and organize the development process clearly, without unnecessary
methods, functions or components. Some examples of projects where professionals may
incorporate product architecture include:

Automobiles
Software
Computers
Security systems
Graphic design
Case Study 1

This paper presents an approach to architecting a family of products that share inter-
changeable modules. Rather than a fixed product platform upon which derivative
products are created through substitution of various add-on modules, the approach here
permits the platform itself to be one of several possible sizes or types. Thus, the system
is a collection of modules, each of which can be one of several types. We begin by
developing function structures of each product in the portfolio, where each embodies a
specific physical principle underlying the common technology. Different function
structure systems can be used for each physical principle under consideration. These
function structures are then compared to determine common and unique modules.
Product modularity rules (i.e. dominant flow, branching, and conversion) are then
applied to determine further possible modules. Application o f any consistent set of
modularity rules defines a feasible portfolio architecture. Each portfolio architecture is
represented using a modularity matrix of functions versus products, with shared/unique
function levels indicated in the matrix. Possible product modules are indicated with
boxes while possible portfolio modules are indicated with shading. This method
provides a systematic approach to generating possible portfolio architectures and serves
as a communication aid for design team deliberations.

Case Study 2:

This paper presents a case study of product architecture design for industrial robots, which
extends the scope of conventional product architecture. Industrial robots are required to meet
a wide range of customer needs depending on the end-use environment. While modularization
with various options can effectively meet customer needs, the selection of options is often
planned in a haphazard way, which may cause consumer confusion and result in non-optimal
solutions. This research attempts to solve this issue by refining product architecture design with
consideration of not only relationships between physical functions and entity structure, but also
their relationships to customer needs. This study uses design structure matrixes (DSM) which
represent the interactions between these three aspects (i.e. customer needs, physical functions,
and entity structure), and domain mapping matrixes (DMM) which integrate the three DSMs.
A function to evaluate the rationality and integrity of the module architecture is formulated
with those DSMs and DMMs. A simulated annealing-based method is then used to explore
optimal modular architectures. The case study shows that an industrial robot can be
modularized to reflect customer needs, including those related to maintenance and productivity.
SUMMARY:

The above case studies focuses on the modular product architecture in product design and
development. It presents an approach to architecting a family of products that share inter -
changeable modules. Rather than a fixed product platform upon which derivative
products are created through substitution of various add-on modules, the approach here
permits the platform itself to be one of several possible sizes or types. Thus, the system
is a collection of modules, each of which can be one of several types.

While modularization with various options can effectively meet customer needs, the selection
of options is often planned in a haphazard way, which may cause consumer confusion and
result in non-optimal solutions. This research attempts to solve this issue by refining product
architecture design with consideration of not only relationships between physical functions and
entity structure, but also their relationships to customer needs.

CONCLUSION:

Taking reference from the above case studies, I’ll be adopting modular product architecture in
case of my product.

PRODUCT ARCHITECTURE OF THERMAL WATER BOTTLE

The product architecture of a thermos bottle typically consists of the following

components:

Outer Shell: The outer shell of a thermos bottle is usually made of metal or plastic
and is designed to protect the inner components from external damage. The shell is
often coated with a layer of paint or other materials to make it resistant to scratches,
impacts, and corrosion.

Inner Container: The inner container is the primary component of the thermos bottle
and is designed to hold the liquid. It is made of high-quality glass or stainless steel
and is often double-walled to create a vacuum layer between the inner and outer walls.
This vacuum layer helps to reduce heat transfer and prevent heat loss, keeping the
liquid hot or cold for longer.
Vacuum Insulation Layer: The vacuum insulation layer is the most critical
component of a thermos bottle, and it is what sets it apart from other types of
containers. The vacuum layer is created by removing the air from the space between
the inner and outer walls of the bottle, leaving a vacuum that acts as an insulator. The
vacuum layer helps to minimize heat transfer by conduction, convection, and
radiation, which can occur in traditional containers.

Lid and Gasket: The lid of a thermos bottle is usually made of plastic or metal and is
designed to fit tightly over the opening of the inner container. It may have a rubber
gasket or seal to prevent air from entering or exiting the bottle. The lid also usually
includes a pouring spout or stopper to make it easy to drink from the bottle.

Additional Features: Some thermos bottles may include additional features, such as a
handle for easy carrying or a built-in filter to remove impurities from the liquid. Some
may also have a wider opening for easy cleaning or adding ice cubes.

Overall, the product architecture of a thermos bottle is designed to create a highly

efficient and effective insulation system that can keep liquids hot or cold for an
extended period. The combination of the inner container, vacuum insulation layer, and
lid and gasket work together to prevent heat transfer and keep the liquid at the desired
temperature for as long as possible.
1. SCHEMATIC OF THE PRODUCT
2. CLUSTERING OF ELEMENTS
3. GEOMETRIC LAYOUT
4. INTERACTION BETWEEN ELEMENTS AND FINAL PRODUCT