FIVE FORMS OF THE

PARTICIPLE
1. Present Participle, active
– ends in –ing. It is often
used when we want to
express an active action.
 Example: Her smiling face
made everyone happy.
(Smiling is the present
participle active modifying
face.)
2. Present Participle,
passive – uses being with
the past participle. It is often
used when we want to
express a passive action.
 Example: Being
frightened, the child cried
loudly.
(Being frightened is the
present participle passive
modifying child.)
3. Past Participle – is the
third principal part of a verb
used with a helping verb to
make a perfect tenses in the
active voice and all the
tenses in the passive voice.
 Example: The girl saw the
broken glass.
(Broken is the past participle
modifying glass.
4. Perfect Participle, active
– uses having with the past
participle. Having may be
called the sign of the perfect
active participle.
Example: Having read the
book, the boy came out of
the room.
(Having read the book is the
participial phrase modifying
boy, with having read as the
perfect active form.)
5. Perfect Participle,
passive – uses having been
with the past participle.
Having been may be called
the sign of the perfect
passive participle.
 Example: Having been
fed, the dog settled down to
sleep.
(Having been fed is the
perfect passive participle
modifying dog.)