Sample-Research 2

Nueva Ecija High School – SHS
STEM
GSM MODULE-BASED KEEPSAKE BOX WITH GPS TRACKER AND

FINGERPRINT BIOMETRIC AUTHENTICATION SECURITY USING ARDUINO
SYSTEM
An Investigatory Project Presented to
The Faculty of NEHS- Senior High School Cabanatuan City
In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements in Academic Track - Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics
(STEM)
By:
Alliyah Roxanne Gabucay
Stephany Rose Saavedra
Laureene Jewel Arenas
Erica Gwyneth Javier
Shekinah Delos Santos
STEM 12-A
June 2022
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
Title Page i
Table of Contents ii
ABSTRACT iii
CHAPTER I. THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND 5
Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………... 5
Statement of the Problem……………………………………………………………………...7
Hypotheses of the Study……………………………………………………………………… 8
Significance of the Study……………………………………………………………………... 8
Scope and Limitation…………………………………………………………………………. 8
Definition of Terms……………………………………………………………………………9
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURES AND STUDIES………………………………...11
Arduino System…………………………………………………………………………..11
GSM Module……………………………………………………………………………. 13
Infrared Sensor…………………………………………………………………………...14
Fingerprint Sensor………………………………………………………………………..15
GPS Tracker……………………………………………………………………………...16
12V Power Supply………………………………………………………………………. 17
Software…………………………………………………………………………………. 17
Hardware…………………………………………………………………………………18
Relay…………………………………………………………………………………….. 19
5 V DC Regulator……………………………………………………………………….. 19
Solenoid Lock…………………………………………………………………………… 19
Related Studies………………………………………………………………………….. 20
CHAPTER II. METHODS AND PROCEDURES 27
Figure 1. Schematic Diagram of the Study…………………………………………………..27
Figure 2. Conceptual Framework of the Study………………………………………………28
Gathering of Materials………………………………………………………………………. 29
Set-up of the Arduino UNO R3……………………………………………………………... 29
Figure 3.0. Codes of Arduino……………………………………………………………….. 33
Figure 3.1. Shows the function of each symbol appearing in the Arduino IDE toolbar……..34
Construction of the Device………………………………………………………………….. 35
Figure 4. Block Diagram……………………………………………………………………. 35
Testing of the Device………………………………………………………………………... 36
Data Gathering………………………………………………………………………………. 37
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Statistical Analysis………………………………………………………………………….. 37
CHAPTER III. PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA 38
1. Design and Construction of the Device…………………………………………………... 38
2. Efficiency of the Device in terms of its Costing, Physical Appearance and Function…… 38
Table 1. Costing Summary…………………………………………………………………...39
Figure 5. Physical Appearance of the Device………………………………………………..40
3. Effectiveness of the Device in terms of Reaction………………………………………… 41
Table 2. Reaction time for Fingerprint Sensor Activation (Registered Fingerprint)............... 41
Table 3. Reaction time for Fingerprint Sensor Activation (Unregistered Fingerprint)............42
Table 4. ANOVA for Reaction time for Fingerprint Sensor Activation (Registered and
Unregistered Fingerprint).........................................................................................................43
Table 5. Effectiveness of the Device in Sending Text Messages…………………………….44
Table 6. Time Difference Before Receiving the Message…………………………………. ..45
Table 7. ANOVA for Time Difference Before Receiving the Message ……………………...45
Table 8. Accuracy of GPS tracker on locating the keepsake box…………………………… 46
CHAPTER IV. SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION 49
Summary…………………………………………………………………………………….. 49
Conclusions…………………………………………………………………………………..50
Recommendations……………………………………………………………………………51
References………………………………………………………………………………………. 53
APPENDICES 66
Appendix A. Materials……………………………………………………………………….66
Appendix B. Construction and Preliminary Testing of the Components…………………….67
Appendix C. Testing of the Device and Message Alert Samples Received………………… 68
Curriculum Vitae……………………………………………………………………………………… 69
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ABSTRACT
The “GSM Module-Based Keepsake Box with GPS Tracker and Fingerprint Biometric
Authentication Security Using Arduino System” was conducted to evaluate its ability and
effectiveness in terms of sending messages and identifying its location in case someone tried to
steal it.
To encode and upload the commands in the microcontroller of the Arduino Uno, the
researchers used the arduino IDE. The device was tested three times in three different locations
within Cabanatuan City and it worked in all areas. After the testing of the device, the results
were gathered and analyzed. The researchers aimed to determine the efficiency of the device in
terms of cost, physical appearance, and function. The researchers also aimed to determine the
effectiveness of the device in terms of the accuracy of the fingerprint sensor for registration and
activation and the GPS tracker to locate the keepsake box; the reaction time of fingerprint sensor
for activation and to message the owner’s phone regarding the distance and; the time for the
owner to receive the message.
Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used as the statistical tool to represent the study. It
revealed that there is a significant difference between the registered and unregistered fingerprints
in terms of the reaction time for fingerprint sensor activation and there is no significant
difference between the three (3) different locations in terms of time difference before receiving
the message.
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CHAPTER I. THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction
To alleviate the burdening anxiety of losing valuable things, through modernization and
maximizing the use of technology, expertise in their field created keepsake boxes to ensure the
safety and security of these. Similarly, keepsake boxes have the same nature with lockers and
vaults which is to provide a room or compartment for storage or safekeeping.
According to statistics provided by Knoema (n.d.), although the robbery rate in the
Philippines fluctuated substantially from recent years, it has been reported in 2017 that the
robbery rate in our country was 15.3 cases per 100,000 population. Similarly, it has been
indicated that during the same year, based on 79 countries listed on the statistics provided by the
Global Economy (n.d.), the average was 105 robberies per 100,000 which where the Philippines
was ranked as number 59. Due to the rising concerns, it was projected that the dominance of
these will remain until the forecast period.
Nowadays, these storages mentioned above are either manually locked and unlocked by a
key or a requirement of personal identification number (PIN) if it was built as digital electronics.
Factors, such as standardization and improvement of quality for safekeeping the important goods
are expected to boost the replacement of old, outdated instruments. This has been proven based
on the average Index Industrial Production (IIP). The percentage from 2019 to 2020 has dropped
by 5.6 percent. Likewise with the data from March 2020 to June 2020, which dropped by 2.5
percent. Thus, these factors display liquidity crunch in the economy, which indirectly negatively
impacts the safes and vaults industry (Borasi, et al., 2021).
The Global System for Global Communications (GSM) is widely used nowadays by
mobile phone users. According to a study by Rhanema (1993), GSM provides terminal mobility
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with personal mobility provided through the insertion of a subscriber identity module (SIM) into
the GSM network. Moreover, Chavis (2022) mentioned in an article that the GSM network is the
standard system used by most of the mobile phone users all around the world. GSM modules
allow microcontrollers to have wireless communication with various devices which opens up to a
wide range of applications including security systems (Electronics Hub, 2017). Correspondingly,
this study seeks to construct a keepsake box with speed message feature wherein the owner will
receive a message whenever a thief is trying to open the storage by putting an unregistered
fingerprint on the sensor. With this, the researchers’ intention is to design a fingerprint biometric
sensor feature on the keepsake box.
Biometrics are unique physical characteristics, such as fingerprints, that can be used for
automated recognition (Homeland Security, 2021). According to Woodford (2022), fingerprints
develop through an essentially random process according to the code in a human’s DNA. The
chances of having identical fingerprints are so small as to be virtually negligible. Hence, the
researchers want to determine the effectiveness of the device by testing the accuracy and
response time of reading the biometric access, the average reaction time of the device when
sending a message to the owner and the duration for the owner to receive the message. This
study will also tackle the comparison of the cost of the device to other security systems available
nowadays.
The researchers intended to pursue this study to create a well-secured keepsake box with
GPS tracker and fingerprint biometric authentication security. Furthermore, this will also provide
a more convenient way of receiving a message for the keepsake box’s owner to be aware when
someone is trying to open and steal the storage. This will also help people to learn throughout the
study as well as contributing a new innovation for the safety of the community.
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Statement of the Problem
This study aimed to construct a GSM module-based keepsake box with fingerprint
biometric authentication security using an arduino system.
Specifically, it sought answers to the following questions:
1. How may the GSM Module-based keepsake box with fingerprint biometric authentication
security using an arduino system be designed and constructed?
2. How may the efficiency of the device be described in terms of:
a. cost,
b. physical appearance, and
c. function?
3. How may the effectiveness of the device be described in terms of:
a. accuracy of fingerprint sensor for registration and activation,
b. reaction time of fingerprint sensor for activation,
c. reaction time to message the owner's phone regarding the distance,
d. time for the owner to receive the message, and
e. accuracy of GPS tracker to locate the keepsake box?
4. Is there a significant difference between the reaction time of the fingerprint sensor
activation in registered fingerprint and unregistered fingerprint?
5. Is there a significant difference among the reaction time in different distances of the
receiver for the device to message the owner?
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Hypotheses of the Study
The following are the formulated hypotheses of the study:
1. There is no significant difference between the reaction time of the fingerprint sensor
activation in registered fingerprint and unregistered fingerprint.
2. There is no significant difference among the reaction time in different distances of the
receiver for the device to message the owner.
Significance of the Study
The results of the study are significant and beneficial to the following:
Community. It will reduce the likelihood of an emergency occurring. This will aid in reducing
the number of victims of robbery that may become involved in the emergency and maintain a
safe community.
Beneficiaries. It will allow the beneficiaries to make an immediate response when an emergency
takes place. It will allow the beneficiaries to feel secure.
Authorities. To respond immediately to situations and prevent a case of robbery. This will help
the authorities to distinguish the culprit and prepare for needed emergency response.
Future researchers. This research could be useful in the future by serving additional
information about the device. This can also be a reference for future studies.
Scope and Limitation
The study focused on designing and constructing the GSM Module- Based Keepsake Box
with GPS Tracker and Fingerprint Biometric Authentication Security Using Arduino System and
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making a convenient way of messaging the owner’s phones when an unregistered fingerprint
occurs. The device determined mainly its effectiveness and ability in terms of accuracy of
fingerprint sensor for registration and activation and also the rate of sending a message to the
owner’s phone. Some of the materials that are needed for successful construction of this study
were acquired online and others were bought personally. One of the delimiting factors is the
dimension of the keepsake box which is measured as 1 foot (length) x 1 foot (width) x 1 foot
(height). A separated space inside the box was measured as 0.21 foot (length) x 1 foot (width) x
1 foot (height). Moreover, the GSM module and GPS tracker both need Subscriber Identity
Module cards (SIM cards) as the owner should be aware if the GSM module has enough load to
send messages. The time that the message will be received may vary, it can be dependent upon
the signal.
Definition of Terms
Arduino UNO R3 - Arduino UNO is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P. It has
14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz
ceramic resonator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header and a reset button. It
contains everything needed to support the microcontroller; simply connect it to a computer with
a USB cable or power it with a AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get started.
GSM Module - a customized Global System for Mobile communication (GSM) module is
designed for wireless radiation monitoring through Short Messaging Service (SMS). This
module is able to receive serial data from radiation monitoring devices such as survey meter or
area monitor and transmit the data as text SMS to a host server.
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GPS Tracker - GPS tracking requires a tracking device installed on a piece of equipment. This
tracking device provides information about the object’s exact location so that it can report details
on where it is. It also tracks the movements of an equipment.
Infrared Sensor - Infrared Proximity Sensor is a multipurpose infrared sensor which can be
used for obstacle sensing, line sensing, etc. and also as an encoder sensor. The sensor provides a
digital output.
1 Channel Relay Module- provides a single relay that can be controlled by any 5V digital
output from the microcontroller.
Fingerprint Biometric System - a system that uses scanners to verify the identity of human
beings by measuring the unique natural pattern of ridges on the tips of the fingers. Fingerprint
authentication automatically compares a user's fingerprint to a stored fingerprint template in
order to validate a user's identity.
Keepsake Box - a box used for storage or safekeeping.
Software - programs and other operating information used by a computer.
Hardware - collection of tangible parts of a computer system.
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REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURES AND STUDIES
This chapter provides insights about the methods that were undertaken in the study.
Materials such as published and unpublished books, thesis and dissertation of information about
this scientific endeavor are included. The following are related literature and studies that served
as the basis or reference of this study.
Arduino System
Arduino is an open-source electronic platform and software used to create interactive
electronic objects. These were initially designed for artists, designers, and other non-electrical
engineers who want to incorporate physical computing into their designs (Banzi et al., 2022).
The Arduino platform has become quite popular for people who create electronic objects.
Arduino consists of both a physical programmable circuit board and is often referred to as a
microcontroller or IDE (Integrated Development Environment) that runs in a computer that is
used to write and upload computer code to the physical board. Arduino does not require a
separate piece of hardware also called a ‘programmer’ in order for it to load a new code onto the
board. However, USB cable can be simply used. In addition, the Arduino IDE uses a simplified
version of C++ that makes it easier for people to learn the program. (Sparkfun, 2011)
According to OpenSource, Arduinos contain a number of different parts and interfaces
together on a single circuit board. Although the design has changed over years. On the basic
board, the following pieces are most likely to be found:
● A number of pins, which are used to connect with various components that can be used
with Arduino. These pins come in two varieties:
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- Digital Pins- can read and write a single state, on or off. Most Arduinos have 14
digital I/O pins.
- Analog Pins- which can read a range of values, and are useful for more
fine-grained control. Most Arduinos have six of these analog pins.
These pins were also arranged in a specific pattern in order for the users who buy an
add-on board designed, which is called “shield”, it would fit into most Arduino-compatible
devices easily.
● Power connector that provides power not only to the device itself but also provides a low
power voltage which can power the connected components like various sensors and
LEDs, provided their power needs are reasonably low. It can also connect to either an AC
adaptor or a small battery.
● A microcontroller, a primary chip that allows the users to program the Arduino in order
for it to be able to execute the commands. The exact chip varies depending on what type
of Arduino the users buy, but are generally Atmel controllers, usually an ATmega8,
ATmega168, ATmega328, ATmega1280, or ATmega2560. The differences between these
chips are subtle. However the biggest difference a beginner will notice is the different
amounts of onboard memory.
● Serial connector that on most latest boards is implemented through a standard USB port.
This connector allows the users to communicate to the board from the computer, as well
as to load new programs onto the device. Sometimes Arduinos can also be powered
through a USB port, removing the need for a separate power connection.
● A variety of other small components like an oscillator or/and a voltage regulator that
provides essential capabilities to the board.
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In addition to that, the Arduino Uno pinout consists of 14 digital pins, 6 analog inputs, a
power jack, USB connection and ICSP header. The versatility of the pinout provides many
different options such as driving motors, LEDs, reading sensors and more. According to Zait
(2018), there are 3 ways to power the Arduino UNO. First is the barrel jack which is usually
connected to a wall adapter. The second way of powering the microcontroller is through VIN Pin
by using an external power source. For both ways, the manufacturer recommends using between
7 to 12 volts to power the board. Lastly, using a USB cable when connected to the computer can
power the Arduino UNO that provides 5 volts at 500mA.
When powering a circuit through the barrel jack or VIN, the maximum capacity available
is determined by the 5 and 3.3 volts regulators on-board the Arduino. According to manufacturer
specifications, regulated 5 and 3.3v were provided to power external components according to
manufacturer specifications. In the Arduino Uno pinout, 5 GND pins are all interconnected. The
GND pins are used to close the electrical circuit and provide a common logic reference level
throughout the circuit. The RESET pin resets the Arduino while The IOREF pin is the
input/output reference. It provides the voltage reference with which the microcontroller operates.
GSM Module
In embedded systems, GSM GPRS Modules are one of the most often utilized
communication modules. A GSM GPRS Module is a device that allows a microcontroller (or a
microprocessor) to communicate with a GSM / GPRS network. (Electronics Hub, 2017).
A GSM Module or a GPRS module is a circuit or chip that is used to establish
communication between a mobile device or a computing machine and a GSM/GPRS system. It is
also similar to modems. A GSM Modem is an external equipment whereas the GSM Module is a
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module that can be integrated within an equipment. It is an embedded piece of hardware. These
modules include a GSM module or GPRS modem that is powered by a power supply circuit as
well as computer connection interfaces (such as RS-232, USB 2.0, and others). A GSM modem
might be a standalone modem with a serial, USB, or Bluetooth connection, or it can be a mobile
phone with GSM modem functionality. A GSM/GPRS modem is a type of wireless modem that
is intended for use on the GSM and GPRS networks. To communicate with the network, it
requires a SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) card, just as mobile phones. It also has an IMEI
(International Mobile Equipment Identity) number for identification, similar to mobile phones.
(Electrronicsforu.com, 2021).
Infrared Sensor
Infrared Technology is used in daily life. According to Elprocus (2015), an infrared
sensor is one of the components used in TVs to understand the signals transmitted by a remote
control. Also, they have a great contribution during the pandemic, these infrared sensors are one
of the components of radiation thermometers that works as a device to measure the temperature
of a person (Robu, 2020).
Infrared sensors work by either emitting or detecting infrared radiation. However it is
also capable of measuring the heat emitted by an object and detecting motion (Chilton, 2015).
There are two classifications of Infrared Sensor namely: Active IR Sensors and Passive IR
Sensors (Jost, 2019). According to Arrow (2018), Passive IR Sensor recognizes infrared light
emitted from nearby objects. Whereas, Active IR Sensor is defined as a sensor that works with
radar technology, both emit and receive infrared radiation. Also, it is used to detect proximity in
the field of robotics (Kisi, n.d.)
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Fingerprint Sensor
After the shift to modernization, Biometric Authentication Sensors have been popular.
According to a study by Thomas, et al., (2011), a biometric sensor is used to measure various
types of biometrical signals. The type of biometric sensor to be used is dependent on the signal
being measured. Some biometric modalities, such as face and voice, only require simple sensors.
To capture the voice, a quality microphone should be used. On the other hand, to capture the
face, a quality camera should be used.
According to Jirik (2021), the biometric system is composed of two: physical biometrics
and behavioral biometrics. Physical biometrics is used with devices such as sensors. Whereas,
behavioral biometrics is recognized by the behavioral patterns and characteristics of a person.
Fingerprints along with photo and video, physiological recognition, voice, signature, and DNA
falls along the category of physical biometrics (Korolov, 2019).
The efficiency of non-biometric security methods have been challenged by these
biometric technologies. Undoubtedly, according to Elid Technology (2018), biometrics
technology is way better and safer than the usage of passwords, smart cards, or the combination
of the two. This is due to the fact that the user may forget their passwords. Also, accurate
identification of a person could determine crime and fraud, streamline business processes, and
save critical resources. On the contrary, these are still subject to fallibility (AIT News Desk,
2020).
It has been indicated that the fingerprints of every human are different from each other.
Due to this, with the help of expertise in their fields, knowledgeable on the maximization of
technological use, several fingerprint identification systems and devices have been formed.
According to Choi (2012), the use of fingerprint identification for unlocking access on protected
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consumer electronics has grown popular. In fact, fingerprints are used by forensic analysts. The
practice of fingerprinting is one of the most common and effective forensic techniques
(Labcompare, n.d.). Moreover, these are also found on various smartphones. It has been stated by
Triggs (2021), that fingerprint scanners can be found in most smartphones and are not only
reserved for top tier phones. In addition, Triggs also mentioned that through technology, they
became faster and accurate at capturing one’s fingerprint.
Fingerprint sensor is denoted as a system that captures an electronic image of a human
fingerprint (Jiang, et al., 2017). The working principle depends on the processing which includes
the enrollment and matching. The enrollment process works by registering one’s fingerprint in
the system. On the other hand, matching is the process where the system will compare the
registered fingerprint pattern with the live sample (Elprocus, 2019). Moreover, according to
Goodner (2021), fingerprint scanners work by capturing the ridge and valley pattern on a finger.
The data is subsequently analyzed by the device’s pattern analysis matching software, which
compares the database of registered fingerprints. A successful match indicates that an identity
has been validated, giving access.
According to Allied Market Research (2021), the global fingerprint market size in 2019
reached the value of $2.93 billion which is projected to increase by 2027 with $9.41 billion. The
value presented shows that the fingerprint devices are on demand.
GPS Tracker
The GPS, which stands for Global Positioning System, tracking system consists of a network
of 24 satellites in orbit and ground-based equipment that can pinpoint a person's or object's precise
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location on Earth. Positioning, navigation, and timing are the three data sets tracked by GPS tracking
(Azuga, 2020).
A GPS tracker will function when it’s installed in a vehicle, on a piece of equipment, or on a
person. This device provides information about the exact location of a vehicle, equipment, or person
so that it can report details on where they are as it can also keep track of their movement (Mix
Telematics, 2021).
12V Power Supply
One of the most prevalent power supplies that were used today is the 12V power supply
(or 12VDC power supply). A combination of transformers, diodes, and transistors were used to
generate a 12VDC output from a 120VAC or 240VAC input. 12V regulated power supplies are
available in three styles: switching regulated AC to DC, linear regulated AC to DC, and
switching regulated DC to DC.12V unregulated power supplies are available in three styles:
switching regulated AC to DC, linear regulated AC to DC, and switching regulated DC to DC.
(Acopian, 2019).
Software
Software, often known as SW or S/W, is a set of instructions that allows a user to
communicate with a computer, its hardware, or complete tasks. (ComputerHope, 2021).
A collection of instructions, data, or programs used to manage computers is referred to as
software. It is a generic term used to refer to applications, scripts and programs that run on a device
(Rosencrance, 2021).
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One of the four categories of software is Programming software that serves as a set of tools to
aid developers in writing programs. Second is System software which is the application software's
base. Device drivers, operating systems (OSs), compilers, disk formatters, text editors and utilities
are included in this software for the better efficiency of operating the computer. Third is the
application software that can be a single program or a collection of small programs. It includes office
suites, gaming applications, database systems and educational software. The last one is the Malicious
software, often called malware, that is developed to damage computers and/or disrupt other software.
Because malware functions invisibly, it frequently causes harm without the knowledge of consumers
who unintentionally install it. (Techopedia, 2020).
Hardware
As stated by Computer Hope (2021), any physical component of a computer system that
contains circuit board, ICs or other electronics is known as hardware. There is no computer without
the existence of hardware because the software could not be used. Also, according to Awati (2021),
the term “hardware” is used to distinguish the tangible aspects of a computing device from software.
Motherboards, hard drives and RAM are examples of internal hardware devices, whereas external
hardware devices include monitors, keyboards, mice, printers and scanners (TechTerms, 2006).
Moreover, according to Crucial (n.d.), the design of hardwares is different between desktop PC’s and
laptops because of their size difference but still, the same core components will be found in both.
Fisher (2021) stated that individual computer hardware components heat up and cool down,
implying that every single one might fail eventually, however, some may even fail at the same time.
Nonetheless, a non-working piece of hardware can be replaced without having to rebuild the
computer from scratch.
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Relay
According to Johnson (2019), relays are defined as electrical switches that use
electromagnetism to convert small electrical stimuli into larger currents. Moreover, relays are said to
be particularly valuable because these only use small voltage and current in return of controlling the
higher ones (Lewis, 2017). These can be found in various modern electrical equipment or devices.
This study will be using a 5 pin relay. According to Swe-check (n.d.), provide 2 pins (85 & 86) to
control the coil and 3 pins (30, 87 & 87A) which switch power between two circuits. These have
both normally open and normally closed connection pins. When the coil is activated, power will
be switched from the normally closed pin to the normally open pin.
5 V DC Regulator
According to Makerlab Electronics (2020), the voltage regulator board includes an XL4015
step-down switching regulator capable of current up to 5A and capable of converting greater voltage
to lower voltage without the need for an external power source.
Solenoid Lock
A solenoid lock is an electrical locking and unlocking latch. It comes in two versions:
unlocking in power-on mode and locking and keeping in power-on mode, both of which can be
utilized selectively for different situations. The power-on unlocking type allows the users to unlock
the solenoid only when it's turned on. In the event of a power outage or a wire break, this sort of door
remains closed and unopened, assuring maximum safety. While the solenoid is turned on, the
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power-on locking type can lock a door. The door is unlocked if the power is turned off. (Takigen,
n.d).
Related Studies
A research study by Martin, et al., (2018) used microcontroller Arduino Yun along with
an external interface named Adafruit R305, a special reader to create a system capable of
recognizing one’s fingerprint and processing them. Its findings can be recognized as successful
because of its 83.3% success rate.
Due to the importance of giving a quantifiable value for the intensity of solar radiation,
Alves, et al., (2020) constructed a low cost prototype which was connected to an Arduino
through network cables. The arduino was used as a data logger, serving as an alternative system
for measuring global solar radiation.
Similarly, a study by Pantoja, et al., (2021) developed a device for environmental
monitoring. Through an Arduino based cyber physical platform, air temperature and relative
humidity in real-time with high efficiency was monitored. Considering this, it was stated, the
Heat Index (CI), the Temperature and Humidity Index (ITU), the Effective Temperature Index
(ET), and the Thermal Discomfort Index (IDT) were possible to calculate.
In the University of Novi Sad, Serbia, students have created a light parallel hybrid
vehicle. Arduino microcontroller was used for the purpose of being a controller unit among all
other sensors and devices. It was also mentioned that Arduino is capable of processing the data
from various types of sensors and has the possibility to control the devices connected to it.
Arduino pro mini was also utilized for the measurement of vehicle speed, IC-engine RPM,
battery level, and gear position (Ilanković, 2019).
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Furthermore, an RGB Arduino device was developed for the multi color recognition,
detection, as well as determination of Fe (III), Co (II), Hg (II), and Si (II). The role of the
Arduino, specifically the RGB-Arduino multiple chemosensor detecting system was to measure
the presence of ions included in the study (Heo, et al., 2019).
Furthermore, in a study conducted by Albak, et al. (2020), Arduino was used to create a
system for security along with a mobile phone for remote protection. The system was equipped
with an infrared sensor which operates by sending a signal to the microcontroller after the
detection of a motion. Afterwards, the signal will be processed and a picture and a message will
be sent to the stored phone numbers of the property owner.
A study was conducted to help the agriculture sector by creating an automatic roof opener
on a cow farm cage. The technology was used using the Arduino Uno Atmega328
microcontroller. After conducting the experiment the automatic roof opener was proven to
function properly. If the device detects that it is sunny, the roof will open automatically. If it is
not, then otherwise. The study was conducted by Putra, et al. (2021).
Due to the lack and/or absence of parking attendants, Susilo, et al. (2021) designed a car
parking sensor. Arduino uno was used as an ultrasonic sensor along with Arduino Mp3 Shield
and Ultrasonic HC-SR04. It was created to control the parking distance of the cars which, as the
conclusion states, effective. With this system, it was easy for the drivers to park their cars.
Furthermore, an automatic plant irrigation control system was created by Akwu, et al.
(2020). An Arduino and GSM module was used as the main component of the device. The
microcontroller serves as the main control that is responsible for coordinating for various
modules of the system. It synchronizes, operates, and notifies the user via GSM module about
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the situation on the field. As compared to conventional type of watering, this system will save
water for about 30 - 50%.
A remote monitoring system based on SMS of GSM is presented by Chen and Jiang
(2008) because the wireless remote monitoring system has more and more applications. In this
system, the GSM network is a medium for transmitting the remote signal. The system includes
two parts which are the monitoring center and the remote monitoring station. The result of the
demonstration shows that the system can monitor and control the remote communication
between the monitoring center and the remote monitoring station, and the remote monitoring
function is realized.
Moreover, on the creation of GSM module projects, Digarse and Patil (2017) proposed a
smart embedded system device which monitors patients' health continuously using Arduino
UNO and GSM systems. This smart device informs doctors or caretakers and asks for corrective
actions to save patients’ lives whenever the parameters go beyond the threshold value.
In order to catch computer system intrusion, Intrusion detection systems (IDS) are strived
and utilized by garnering and analyzing data. An arduino based wireless intrusion detection is
constructed by Kumar and Kumar (2013) with the use of infrared sensor and GSM. These
wireless IDS can monitor and analyze user and system activities of known attacks, identity
abnormal network activity and detect policy violations.
Due to several road accidents, Routh, et al., (2019) constructed a project that will provide
the solution for this. If a vehicle meets an accident, the MEMS or Micromechanical system
sensor will be able to detect the signal. The signal from the MEMS will be processed and
analyzed by arduino. After the analyzing process the Arduino will send an alert through the GSM
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module including the location to the police control room or a rescue team. In that way,
immediate action will be made.
A system was constructed with the aim of developing a secured door lock system. The
system is composed of three systems. The first system would be the face recognition system.
Second is the password security system. And finally, the alert system through the use of GSM
Module (Nyein, et al., 2019). Ochang, et al., (2017) designed a biometric authentication
prototype for integrating fingerprint securities for an additional layer of security in Automated
Teller Machine (ATMs). The fingerprint is fused with the users’ personal identification numbers
(PIN’s). Based on the results, tested with the samples from seven individuals, the system was
successful.
Another study by Jain, et al. (2016), has demonstrated the efficiency of fingerprint usage.
A fingerprint sensing and recognition device was created for infants due to emerging concerns
and demands for a biometrics based recognition for children especially in countries where
children have no form of identification. The study has shown the feasibility of fingerprint
sensing and recognition for infants 4 weeks and older.
A system was created for the tracking and alarming of wildlife animals in a forest. The
system was called GATA, based on Arduino, consisting primarily of Wireless Sensor Network
and Global Positioning System as the main compositions. Animals straying away from the
predefined zones are tracked by auto generative location tracking and movement patterns. The
automatic location and movement has been implemented using GPS with the accelerometer and
Wifi Shield. And lastly, an alert is sounded on a fixed-based motion (Gor, et al., 2017).
A similar study was conducted by Yildirim, et al. (2018) wherein an animal tracker
system was also created. Arduino Uno R3, GSM, and GPS cards are used in the designed system.
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Through the web surface, the GPS data provided by the system was recorded. These data are
successfully recorded in 30 seconds.
Morallo (2021) proposed a vehicle tracker system based on Global Positioning System
(GPS) and Global System for Global Communication (GSM) using Arduino as its platform. The
GPS module receives the coordinates from the satellite. These coordinates are sent to the users
using the GSM module. The arduino serves as the gateway to all the GPS and GSM hardware
and software communications.
Similarly, Uddin et al. (2017) proposes an anti-theft vehicle system. It is composed of
GPS, GSM/ GPRS and Microcontrollers. The system allows the users to monitor and control
their vehicle using a mobile application.
A study conducted by Suharto (2020), Arduino uno r3 fingerprint sensor along with a
single channel relay and a buzzer was used to create a fingerprint lock tool for motorcycle
security systems. This is created to satisfy the increasing human needs and to manifest the
technological development of our society as well. With regards to the testing process of the
fingerprint lock tool in motorcycles, 68.8% of people voted for yes while 31.3% voted for no.
Thus, it has been concluded that the tool is working well and made a great contribution in the
field of motorcycle safety.
In the study of Kamelia, et al. (2018), fingerprint and arduino module was used to create
a system for real time online attendance. It has been stated that the purpose of the study is to
combine the fingerprint modules and GPS to construct an online presence system that will reduce
the burdens caused by manual data usage. A ZFM-20 fingerprint module was used as the main
input of the system that will serve as an entrance to get access to the entire system. Afterwards,
with the use of a GPS module, the system will determine the user’s location and will send it to
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the smartphone. Through the Arduino module, the system will automatically send a text
message to the parties concerned. As for the results, the fingerprint sensor was tested to
determine the fingerprint stored in the database with an average response time of 1.39 seconds,
and GPS can determine latitude and longitude with an average error of 0.007352% and 0.0003%
respectively.
Wisesa, et al. (2021) conducted a study regarding the attendance of employees. The
research proposes to make an Arduino-based tool using the RC522 RFID sensor and FPM10A
sensor. Employees who scan the RC522 RFID (reads the card scans) and FPM10A (reads the
fingerprints) on sensors will automatically be registered to Microsoft Excel database.
A similar study was conducted by Mahfudh et al. (2021), where Arduino uno r3 was used
as a microcontroller to form a security based system equipped with fingerprint sensor and
Passive Infrared Sensor (PIR). The system constructed was used as an entry access of a room to
secure the items in it. It has been indicated that the system was built through the concept of logic
gates and programming languages and equipped with safety technology in case of electrical
power problems.
Every classroom has at least one single fan for the ventilation that the students need.
However, in some instances, those fans were used inefficiently. Students sometimes forget to
turn off when not needed anymore. In a research paper constructed by Prihanto, et al. (2017), a
system was created for remote fan control. Wifi network was used as the communication
infrastructure while Arduino uno r3 was used as the controller device. In addition, relays were
connected to the Arduino uno r3 to control the lamps and fans as the switching device. A server
called Apache web server was installed in the Arduino uno r3, making it accessible in the
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smartphones through web browser. As for the results, it was indicated in their papers that the
success rate reached 100% after 10 times of experiment.
Similar to the aforementioned study, Arduino Uno along with 2 channel relay module and
Passive Infrared Receiver (PIR) Sensor was created to automatically turn on the lights in a
classroom. This was conducted to replace the manual switches at Hang Tuah Pekanbaru STMIK,
a school campus situated in Indonesia. The device was designed to control the lights through the
use of movements detected by the PIR sensor and processed using a computer. Arduino Uno was
used as the microcontroller. The software used for making programs is Arduino IDE (Perkasa,
2021).
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CHAPTER II. METHODS AND PROCEDURES
This chapter gives an outline of the research methods that were followed throughout the
study. It provides information for the process of designing and constructing a GSM
Module-Based Keepsake Box with Fingerprint Biometric Authentication Security Using Arduino
System. The methods that were used to analyze the data are also included in this chapter.
Figure 1. Schematic Diagram of the Study
Figure 1 shows the schematic diagram of the device. With regards to designing,
construction and testing, the needed components were gathered and prepared. The figure serves
as the basis to fully understand how the components were combined. It also shows the proper
connection set up of the different jumper wires and other electronic materials. The devices were
connected to the Arduino Integrated Development Environment (IDE) after the construction of
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the device to install the codes and functions. The GSM module-based keepsake box with
fingerprint sensor was set-up to prove the hardware connection and efficiency of the device if it
is compatible with the installed IDE commands. Furthermore, the GPS tracker was installed
inside the storage.
Figure 2. Conceptual Framework of the Study
The researchers came up with the idea to construct a GSM Module-based keepsake box
with GPS tracker and fingerprint biometric authentication security using an arduino system, in
which a device can automatically send a message to the owner of the keepsake box. It operates
mainly based on the fingerprint sensor when it scans a fingerprint. For instance, when a thief is
trying to open the storage by scanning the robber’s own fingerprint, it will be an unregistered
one. The message will be sent to the keepsake box’s owner as a sign that a different fingerprint
was detected on the sensor. Moreover, the box’s location will also be monitored by the owner’s
phone using a GPS tracker in case someone is trying to take away the box. In construction of the
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device, Arduino UNO R3 (microcontroller) will be needed together with the fingerprint module,
solenoid lock, GSM module, 5v dc regulator, infrared sensor, 12v power supply/adapter and
relay module. Aside from these, a software (Arduino IDE) was also required to encode the
commands that the microcontroller will process and a GPS tracker to track the box’s location.
Gathering of Materials
For the construction of the device, the researchers collected all the needed components
for the study. The following components were: Arduino UNO R3, fingerprint module, GPS
tracker, solenoid lock, GSM module, 5v dc regulator, infrared sensor, 12v power supply/adapter,
relay module and jumper wires. Plywood and other materials were used to create the keepsake
box. Some of the stated materials were ordered online and others were bought personally.
Set-up of the Arduino UNO R3
The Arduino Uno is programmed using the Arduino Software (IDE), the Integrated
Development Environment common to all the boards and running both online and offline. In
order for the users to be able to use or to program Arduino Uno, Arduino Desktop IDE was
installed in the user’s computer.
According to Arduino’s Guide, the software needs to be set up to program the board. The
Arduino Software (IDE) allows the users to write programs and upload those into the board. The
windows were selected. If the Installer, Windows - from XP up to 10, it will install drivers
automatically as soon as it is connected to the board. The users got the latest version from the
download page from the Arduino website. Afterwards, the researchers chose the Installer (.exe)
since this installs directly everything the users need to use the Arduino Software (IDE) including
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the drivers. When the download finishes, the researchers proceed with the installation and allow
the driver installation process when it is notified from the operating system. The researchers
chose the components to install, then chose the installation directory and the installation will be
in progress. The process will extract and install the required files to execute the Arduino
Software (IDE) properly. After installing, the users connect the Uno board with an A B USB
cable; also called a USB printer cable. The USB connection with the PC is necessary to program
the board and not just to power it up. The Uno automatically draws power from either the USB
or an external power supply. Then the board was connected to the computer using the USB cable.
The green power LED (labeled PWR) should go on.
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Figure 3.0. Codes of Arduino
According to tutorialspoint, after the Arduino IDE software was downloaded, the folder
was unzipped. Inside the folder, the application icon with an infinity label (application.exe) can
be found. The users double-click the icon to start the IDE. Once the software starts it has two
options, first is “Create a new project” then the second one is “Open an existing project”, since
it is newly installed the users select Create a new project then select File then New. Next step is
the codes were entered and that will be used. Figure 3.0 shows the arduino codes used to encode
as the commands according to the function of the device. To avoid any error while uploading
the program to the board, the correct Arduino board name was selected, which is the Arduino
Uno that matches with the board that is connected to the computer. To do this, the users went to
tools, and the Arduino Uno was selected. Then the serial post was selected by going to
tools—serial port menu. This is likely to be COM3 or higher (COM1 and COM2 are usually
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reserved for hardware serial ports). To find out, the Arduino board was disconnected and then
the menu was re-open, the entry that disappears should be of the Arduino board. Reconnect the
board and the serial port was selected. Finally, the program was uploaded to the board. By
clicking the “Upload” button as shown in the figure below. It takes for a few seconds to load
the RX and TX in the fingerprint sensor that were flashing on the screen of the computer. The
upload was successful, a message “Done uploading” appears in the status bar.
Figure 3.1. Shows the function of each symbol appearing in the Arduino IDE
toolbar.
A- is used to check if there is any compilation error.
B- used to upload a program to the Arduino Board.
C- shortcut used to create a new sketch.
D- used to directly open one of the sample sketches.
E- used to save the finished or draft sketch.
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F- serial monitor used to receive serial data from the board and send the serial data to the
board.
Construction of the Device
Plywood was the material used in constructing the keepsake box. The device was
constructed after the components were all set up and the codes were uploaded to the
microcontroller.
Figure 4. Block Diagram
Figure 4 shows how the device functions. The fingerprint sensor that was used is an
Optical Type. There exists two more types of sensor like capacitive which can be found in smart
phones and ultrasonic ones, which are yet in testing phase, and both these options are expensive,
so the researchers were focused on this optical type for this hobby electronics and similar
projects. The optical fingerprint sensor works by capturing a photo of a person’s finger ridges,
and then it uses a certain algorithm to match it with stored data and displays the result of the
same. This fingerprint sensor has 6 wires, out of which 4 wires are useful for arduino interfacing
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- 2 wires for power and 2 wires for data. To complete this project, arduino codes were used to
encode the commands according to the function of the device.
Overall, when a fingerprint is scanned on the sensor, the microcontroller determines
whether it’s registered or unregistered. The microcontroller is able to read the biometric
authentication after the codes are uploaded. Afterwards, the microcontroller will send an output
signal to the relay module and GSM module. If the signal states that a registered fingerprint is
scanned, it is passed on to the relay module which will be transmitted to the solenoid lock, then
the keepsake box will be unlocked. However, if an unregistered fingerprint is examined, it will
remain locked. The output signal will be transmitted to the GSM module that will act as a sender
to the owner’s mobile phone. This will trigger the GSM module to send a message to the owner’s
mobile phone, stating if the fingerprint’s access was approved or denied. The researchers also
added an infrared sensor to the device that serves as a detector whether the box is locked or
unlocked. The signal is passed onto the microcontroller, then it is processed and transmitted to
the GSM module that will message the owner’s phone number.
Testing of the Device
The device tested the accuracy of fingerprint sensors for registration and activation. The
reaction time of the fingerprint sensor for activation was observed. The reaction time to send a
message to the owner’s phone and the time for the owner to receive the message were monitored
three to five times to ensure its effectiveness. The researchers also tested the response time of the
device to message the owner regardless of the distance by going to three different locations (500
m, 1 km, 1.5 km).
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Data Gathering
After the testing of the device, the data were gathered and listed at a table prior to
analysis. The table contained the three to five trials and its reaction time of messaging the
owner’s phone and receiving the message.
Statistical Analysis
The data gathered were analyzed through statistical analysis. Analysis of variance was
used as a statistical tool to determine if there will be a significant difference between the reaction
time of the fingerprint sensor activation in registered fingerprint and unregistered fingerprint, and
significant difference among the reaction time in different locations of the receiver for the device
to message the owner regardless of the distance. The evaluation of the study was generalized and
drawn conclusions according to the research problem.
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CHAPTER III. PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
This chapter presents the data results from the testing of the device. The results were
organized and presented through tables. They were analyzed and interpreted. This scientific
research study aimed to design and construct a keepsake box with GPS tracker fingerprint
biometric authentication security that can respond to a theft emergency wherein it can send an
alert message to the registered contact on the device. Once the message was received, the owner
would be notified with a message stating that someone is trying to open the storage. A GPS
tracker is also installed on the keepsake box so that its location can be monitored on the owner’s
mobile phone. This device was developed to lessen the cases of robbery.
1. Design and Construction of the Device
The construction of the device was done by following the schematic diagram (Figure 1)
that shows how the wirings for each component are connected. The construction of the device
was finished by assembling it in a separate space inside the keepsake box. The antenna of the
GPS needs to be in a hole facing outside the box for it to catch a good signal to operate the GPS
accurately. The fingerprint sensor with the LED light indicator was fixed on the box’s door
which is connected to the device.
2. Efficiency of the Device in terms of its Costing, Physical Appearance and Function
a. Cost
The researchers summed up all the costing of the device. The collection of the
materials was acquired from local electronics stores and online stores (Shopee).
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Table 1. Costing Summary
Components Cost
Arduino Uno R3 ₱1,199
Fingerprint Sensor R307 ₱595
Solenoid Lock ₱137
GSM Module ₱355
5v 1 channel relay ₱43
5v regulator ₱99
Infrared Sensor ₱28
12v Power Supply ₱119
GPS Tracker ₱756
Globe SIM card (quantity: 2) 50(2) = ₱100
Hinges (quantity: 4) 8(4) = ₱32
Single Magnetic Hinge (quantity:1) ₱70
Wood stick (size: ½ by ½) ₱85
Nails (size:1 ½ ) ₱35
Stikwel Wood Glue ₱110
Plywood ₱600
Labor ₱400
Total Cost: ₱4,763
Table 1 shows the costing summary of the device. It shows that the constructed
device was cost-effective as it was not that expensive and was able to function properly.
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b. Physical Appearance
Figure 5. Physical Appearance of the Device
Figure 5 shows the physical appearance of the device. The device was fixed on a
space provided inside the keepsake box. The fingerprint sensor with the LED light
indicator was fixed on the box’s door which is connected to the device.
c. Function
The device was designed to automatically operate in times when the fingerprint sensor
senses or detects a registered or unregistered fingerprint. The infrared sensor serves as a detector
whether the box is locked or unlocked. The alert will be sent forward to the registered number
which is the owner’s phone number. Findings showed that it is effective in scanning fingerprints
as well as sending messages to the recipient. The GSM will then convert its message according
to the output signal from the microcontroller. The GPS tracker in the box can be tracked by using
an application named “SinoTrack Pro.” The Arduino was plugged and the whole system is
powered by an adapter. The indication that the device is functioning can be determined by the
LED lights (white and red) wherein: a.) if the door is open, the red light will remain operating;
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b.) if the door is closed, there will be no light; c.) if the fingerprint’s access is granted, the white
light will blink, and d.) if the fingerprint’s access is denied, the red light will blink twice.
The researchers programmed the texts that indicated the messages that the owner will
receive: “Locker door CLOSE” (if the door is closed); “Locker door OPEN” (if the door is open;
“Fingerprint match ACCESS GRANTED!” (if a registered fingerprint was scanned), and
“Fingerprint does not match ACCESS DENIED!” (if an unregistered fingerprint was scanned).
3. Effectiveness of the Device in terms of Reaction
Table 2. Reaction time for Fingerprint Sensor Activation (Registered Fingerprint)
TRIAL REACTION TIME (s)
OWNER
TRIAL 1 10.60 seconds
AVERAGE 10.59 seconds
Table 2 shows the reaction time for the activation of fingerprint sensors on registered
fingerprints. The sensor successfully activated and sent messages to the owner when it detected a
fingerprint. The findings showed that the fastest time for fingerprint sensor activation (registered
fingerprint) is 10.43 seconds, while the slowest time is 11.01 seconds. The average time was
10.59 seconds.
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Table 3. Reaction time for Fingerprint Sensor Activation (Unregistered Fingerprint)
TRIAL REACTION TIME (s)
OWNER
AVERAGE 8.92 seconds
Table 3 shows the reaction time for fingerprint sensor activation on unregistered
fingerprints. The findings showed that the fastest time for the owner to receive the message from
the fingerprint activation is 8.74 seconds, while the slowest time is 9.12 seconds.. The average
time was 8.92 seconds.
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Table 4. ANOVA for Reaction time for Fingerprint Sensor Activation (Registered and
Unregistered Fingerprint)
According to the Statistical Analysis using ANOVA with 0.05 level of significance. The
calculated p-value was 1.67E-06 which is less than the alpha 0.05. P-value< α. Results revealed
the null hypothesis is rejected. There is a significant difference between the registered and
unregistered fingerprints in terms of the reaction time for fingerprint sensor activation.
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Table 5. Effectiveness of the Device in Sending Text Message
TRIALS 500 m
TRIAL 1 +
TRIAL 2 +
TRIAL 3 +
AVERAGE +
TRIALS 1 km
TRIAL 1 +
TRIAL 2 +
TRIAL 3 +
AVERAGE +
TRIALS 1.5 km
TRIAL 1 +
TRIAL 2 +
TRIAL 3 +
AVERAGE +
Table 4 shows the effectiveness of the device in sending text messages with different
distances (500 m, 1 km, 1.5 km). A symbol was used, a positive sign (+) indicating that the
effectiveness of the device in sending text messages was successfully sent.
The average result in each trial with different distances (500 m, 1 km, 1.5 km) were
successful in terms of the effectiveness of the device in sending text messages.
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Table 6. Time Difference Before Receiving the Message
TIME DIFFERENCE
TRIALS
500 m 1 km 1.5 km
TRIAL 1 10.88 seconds 9.79 seconds 10.65 seconds
Average 10.87 seconds 9.74 seconds 10.28 seconds
Table 6 shows the difference between the time interval of receiving messages when the
owner is away from the box at 500 m, 1 km, and 1.5 km. The results showed that the fastest time
recorded to receive the message is at 1 km with an average 9.74 seconds. This is followed by 1.5
km recorded with 10.28 seconds and 500 m recorded with 10.87 seconds.
Table 7. ANOVA for Time Difference Before Receiving the Message
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Table 7 presents the Statistical Analysis using ANOVA with 0.05 level of significance.
The calculated p-value was 0.117159 which is greater than the alpha 0.05. P-value > α. Results
revealed that the null hypothesis is accepted. Thus, there is no significant difference between the
three (3) different locations in terms of time difference before receiving the message.
Table 8. Accuracy of GPS tracker on locating the keepsake box
Keepsake box at Different Locations Screenshot of Map
Owner’s house
Mayapyap Elementary School
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NEHS- Senior High School
House no. 1
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House no. 2
Table 8 shows the keepsake box at five (5) different locations in the virtual map. The
GPS tracker was able to locate the keepsake box accurately.
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CHAPTER IV. SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION
This chapter contains the study's summary, conclusion, and recommendations. The
summary summarizes the study's findings without providing too much detail. Inferences and
generalizations would be observed on the experts' conclusions and recommendations based on
their findings. In general, the purpose of this chapter is to conceal the study's conclusion.
Summary
Statistics have proven that the robbery rate during the past years was high. Storages like
keepsake boxes were able to help people secure their things, especially the valuable ones.
Fingerprint biometrics is very rampant these days because of the use of emerging technology. It
works by comparing the user’s fingerprint with the registered fingerprints in the system.
The study's main goal is to send a message alert that signifies whether a matched and
unmatched fingerprint was scanned and if the box was opened or closed. The device has a
registered contact on the system, allowing it to notify the owner if someone tries to unlock it.
The Arduino was used to encode the data (microcontroller). It contains open source hardware
and software that assisted researchers in encoding the proper commands for the device based on
its function, which integrated the concept and assisted researchers in developing a device.
This study was designed to see if it is effective in terms of sending messages and tracking
their location from various places, regardless of the recipients' distances. The researchers
confirmed that there was no significant difference in sending messages to recipients based on
their distance from the sender. With regards to different locations mainly: Owner’s house,
Mayapyap Elementary School, NEHS- Senior High School, House no.1 and House no.2.
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Furthermore, in terms of fingerprint sensor activation, the results revealed that the
average time in registered fingerprint took 10.59 seconds for the recipient to receive the message,
while unregistered fingerprint was 8.92 seconds. Therefore, the null hypothesis was rejected
because there is a significant difference between the registered and unregistered fingerprints in
terms of the reaction time for fingerprint sensor activation.
The device's results were analyzed after the device was tested. According to the results of
the statistical analysis, the device was effective in terms of sending messages and locations to the
owner.
Conclusions
The goal of this research was to create a device that could be used in security. The
researchers used an Arduino as a microcontroller to program the system's commands. The
device's efficiency was tested three to five times after it was built to ensure its validity.
Following the collection of data and results, the following conclusions were reached:
1. The GSM-Module-Based Keepsake Box with GPS Tracker and Fingerprint Biometric
Authentication Security Using Arduino System can be designed and constructed by using
main components such as Arduino UNO R3, fingerprint module, GPS Tracker, GSM
Module, 5v DC regulator, 12v power supply/adapter, and relay module being
programmed to send message alert as well as track the location to notify the owner about
the possible occurrence of emergency.
Authentication Security Using Arduino System falls into the following categories:
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cost-effective due to materials readily available in city electronics stores and online shop,
and enclosed in a casing capable of protecting the components inside and functioning
properly.
3. Despite their different locations, the device can successfully send message alerts to the
owner. The reaction time of the device to send a message and the owner to receive a
message is close to each other and does not differ significantly in time interval. The
owner took an average of 10.87 seconds to receive the message at 500 m, 9.74 seconds at
1 km, and 10.28 seconds at 1.5 km.
Authentication Security Using Arduino System has significant difference between the
reaction time for the registered and unregistered fingerprint. The owner took an average
of 10.59 seconds for the registered fingerprint, while 8.93 seconds for the unregistered
fingerprint.
Recommendations
Based on the findings and conclusions made, the following recommendations were
suggested to further improve this study:
1. Modify the physical appearance of the device to improve its durability.
2. Create a sound alarm system that can serve as an alert of the device to notify the
people within a certain vicinity.
3. The use of solar power is recommended.
4. Battery is suggested to replace the power supply of this device.
5. Try to add another antenna for better signal reception.
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6. Attempt to have multiple receivers.
7. Installation of surveillance camera.
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APPENDICES
Appendix A. Materials
Figure 6. Fingerprint Sensor Figure 7. Arduino UNO R3 Figure 8. Solenoid Lock
Figure 9. GSM Module Figure 10. 5v dc regulator Figure 11. Infrared sensor
Figure 12. 12v power supply Figure 13. 5v 1 channel relay
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Appendix B. Construction and Preliminary Testing of the Components
Figure 14. Drilling of the box Figure 15. Assembling and Figure 16. Compatibility
connecting of wires Testing of the Arduino UNO
R3, GPS and GSM
Figure 18. Installing codes of

Arduino
Figure 17. Final Design and Figure 19. Functional and
Wirings of the Device Operational Testing of the
Fingerprint Sensor
Figure 20. Recording Results and Final Findings
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Appendix C. Testing of the Device and Message Alert Samples Received
Figure 21. Message alert when the fingerprint Figure 22. Message alert when the fingerprint
matches. does not match.
Figure 23. Message alert when the keepsake Figure 24. Message alert when the keepsake
box is open. box is closed.
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Curriculum Vitae
Name: ALLIYAH ROXANNE V. GABUCAY
Address: 793 MossesGeld St. Magsaysay Norte Cabanatuan City.
Cellular Phone No.: 09558148320
Email Address: rxnngbcy14@gmail.com
PERSONAL DATA
Age : 18 years old
Date of Birth : May 14, 2004
Place of Birth : Cabanatuan City
Sex : Female
Civil Status : Single
Citizenship : Filipino
Religion : Roman Catholic
Mother’s Name : Mirasol Viesca
Father’s Name : Geronimo Gabucay
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Elementary:
- Lazaro Francisco Elementary School
Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija
S.Y. 2010-2013
- Cabanatuan East Central School
S.Y. 2013-2016
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Secondary:
Junior High School:
Nueva Ecija High School
S.Y. 2016-2020
Senior High School:
Nueva Ecija Senior High School
S.Y. 2020-2022
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Curriculum Vitae
Name: STEPHANY ROSE L. SAAVEDRA
Address: 355 Parumog Street Cabanatuan City
Email Address: saavedrastephany12@gmail.com
PERSONAL DATA
Age : 18 years old
Date of Birth : February 12, 2004
Sex : Female
Religion : JIL- Jesus is Lord Church
Mother’s Name : Ma. Jeaninna L. Saavedra
Father’s Name : Roginel Saavedra
Elementary:
Cabanatuan East Central School
Cabanatuan City
S.Y. 2010-2016
Secondary:
Junior High School:
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S.Y. 2016-2020
Senior High School:
S.Y. 2020-2022
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Curriculum Vitae
Name: LAUREENE JEWEL I. ARENAS
Address: 80-A, Purok 2, Ilang Ilang Street, Sapang, Cabanatuan City
Email Address: jewelarenas1044@gmail.com
PERSONAL DATA
Age : 17
Date of Birth : October 4, 2004
Sex : Female
Religion : Iglesia Ni Cristo
Mother’s Name : Desiree I. Arenas
Father’s Name : Sixto Arenas Jr.
Elementary:
S.Y. 2015 - 2016
Secondary:
Junior High School:
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S.Y. 2019 - 2020
Senior High School:
S.Y. 2021 - 2022
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Curriculum Vitae
Name: ERICA GWYNETH R. JAVIER
Address: 502 Purok 7 M.S. Garcia Cabanatuan City
Email Address: javierericagwyneth@gmail.com
PERSONAL DATA
Age : 18 years old
Date of Birth : June 28, 2003
Sex : Female
Religion : Roman Catholic
Mother’s Name : Gloria R. Javier
Father’s Name : Ericson A. Javier
Elementary:
College of the Immaculate Concepcion
Cabanatuan City
S.Y. 2010- 2014
Quezon Central School
Quezon, Nueva Ecija
S.Y. 2014-2015
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M.S. Garcia Elementary School
S. Y. 2015-2016
Secondary:
Junior High School:
Cabanatuan City
S.Y. 2016-2020
Senior High School:
S.Y. 2020-2022
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Curriculum Vitae
Name: SHEKINAH LEI DELOS SANTOS
Address: Block 2 Lot 9, Agua Tierra St., Mayapyap Norte, Cabanatuan City
Email Address: delossantosshekinahlei@gmail.com
PERSONAL DATA
Age : 17 years old
Date of Birth : October 8, 2004
Sex : Female
Religion : Born Again Christian
Mother’s Name : Marvelyn Delos Santos
Father’s Name : Rolando A. Delos Santos
Elementary:
S.Y. 2015-2016
Secondary:
Junior High School:
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S.Y. 2019-2020
Senior High School:
S.Y. 2021-222
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Nueva Ecija High School – SHS

GSM MODULE-BASED KEEPSAKE BOX WITH GPS TRACKER AND

An Investigatory Project Presented to

The Faculty of NEHS- Senior High School Cabanatuan City

of the Requirements in Academic Track - Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics

Alliyah Roxanne Gabucay

Stephany Rose Saavedra

Laureene Jewel Arenas

Erica Gwyneth Javier

Shekinah Delos Santos

owner to receive the message.

vaults which is to provide a room or compartment for storage or safekeeping.

these will remain until the forecast period.

impacts the safes and vaults industry (Borasi, et al., 2021).

sensor feature on the keepsake box.

automated recognition (Homeland Security, 2021). According to Woodford (2022), fingerprints

biometric authentication security using an arduino system.

Specifically, it sought answers to the following questions:

security using an arduino system be designed and constructed?

2. How may the efficiency of the device be described in terms of:

b. physical appearance, and

3. How may the effectiveness of the device be described in terms of:

a. accuracy of fingerprint sensor for registration and activation,

b. reaction time of fingerprint sensor for activation,

c. reaction time to message the owner's phone regarding the distance,

d. time for the owner to receive the message, and

e. accuracy of GPS tracker to locate the keepsake box?

activation in registered fingerprint and unregistered fingerprint?

receiver for the device to message the owner?

Hypotheses of the Study

The following are the formulated hypotheses of the study:

activation in registered fingerprint and unregistered fingerprint.

receiver for the device to message the owner.

Significance of the Study

takes place. It will allow the beneficiaries to feel secure.

Scope and Limitation

a USB cable or power it with a AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get started.

on where it is. It also tracks the movements of an equipment.

output from the microcontroller.

authentication automatically compares a user's fingerprint to a stored fingerprint template in

order to validate a user's identity.

Keepsake Box - a box used for storage or safekeeping.

Software - programs and other operating information used by a computer.

Hardware - collection of tangible parts of a computer system.

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURES AND STUDIES

as the basis or reference of this study.

Arduino is an open-source electronic platform and software used to create interactive

microcontroller or IDE (Integrated Development Environment) that runs in a computer that is

According to OpenSource, Arduinos contain a number of different parts and interfaces

board, the following pieces are most likely to be found:

with Arduino. These pins come in two varieties:

digital I/O pins.

fine-grained control. Most Arduinos have six of these analog pins.

adaptor or a small battery.

ATmega168, ATmega328, ATmega1280, or ATmega2560. The differences between these

amounts of onboard memory.

provides essential capabilities to the board.

power the Arduino UNO that provides 5 volts at 500mA.

microprocessor) to communicate with a GSM / GPRS network. (Electronics Hub, 2017).

A GSM Module or a GPRS module is a circuit or chip that is used to establish

communication between a mobile device or a computing machine and a GSM/GPRS system. It is

Infrared Technology is used in daily life. According to Elprocus (2015), an infrared

of a person (Robu, 2020).