VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BELAGAVI, KARNATAKA – 590018

Synopsis of Major Project

‘‘Design and fabrication of Arduino based battery operated

multipurpose portable automatic seed sowing machine’’
Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
in
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

By

Ajay Kumar M 4SO19ME006

Akshay 4SO19ME008
Ashik K 4SO19ME015
Bhavith 4SO19ME020

Under the guidance of

Dr. Raju K
Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering

ST JOSEPH ENGINEERING COLLEGE

MANGALURU 575028
2022-2023
 Abstract

Purpose:

The purpose of this project is to convert uncultivated barren land into cultivable land

using the proposed seed sowing machine. Modern tractors which run by fossil fuel are

harmful to environment and it is not affordable for poor farmers to buy tractors. Due to this

many farmlands are left uncultivated. Using this machine barren land can be converted into

cultivable land. It can also be used in forest areas to plant more plants.

Methodology:

The aim of this project is to fabricate an automatic multipurpose seed sowing machine.

• First step is to conduct literature survey related to the topic.

• Make proper plan to carry out the project.

• Implementation of plan.

• Testing the model.

• Drawing conclusions about the project.

• Scope for future work that can be done in this field.

Expected outcomes:

• To improve facilities in agricultural sector among economically poor farmers to

cultivate crops.

• This improves lifestyle and reduces labour cost in farming.

Originality/value:

• This is a multipurpose portable automatic machine.

• It does apart from seed sowing, the functions like tilling, trenching, levelling, and

irrigation by using an electric motor.

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Introduction
The human ecology has always included agriculture. Traditional agricultural

techniques, however, need a lot of labour and take a long time. The agricultural activities that

need the most labour include farm tilling and seed sowing. Field tilling by hand is an

extremely hard task, and using tractors requires significant upfront investment and hefty fuel

expenses. In the modern world, every activity is becoming automated, and people are

becoming accustomed to using clever methods to complete their tasks. It is evident that

equipment, seed sowing methods, and tiller technology have all advanced over time. The use

of a proper tiller machine and hand-operated seeding equipment is essential to the agricultural

process. A mechanism that combines an electric tiller with a seed-planting device has been

created. Agriculture is trailing in terms of smart working even though it is one of the most

crucial sectors for deciding the growth of the nation. This inexpensive portable battery-

powered electric power tiller with a seed-sowing technique machine is a one-stop modern

solution to improve the traditional agricultural techniques of farming because it uses a

motorised tilling mechanism to reduce human labour at a very low cost. Utilizing a clever

portable design, the electric power tiller reduces the time and expense associated with tilling,

enhancing agricultural output and efficiency. Power Tillers are primarily made for hill

farming and tilling small fields. When opposed to using tractors, using a power tiller for

farming operations is more affordable. A walking tractor called a Power Tiller has a back-

tracking operator. Two tiller handles are being held in the hands of the Power Tiller. One

human walking-type tractor is another name for the Power Tiller.

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Literature Review
• Sonu Yadav et al. (2021) designed a portable electric power tiller machine. The

researcher used an electric tiller machine that was portable and battery-powered in their work.

Traditional agricultural techniques were used in farming. The apparatus features a wheel with

welded angles to offer the most dirt grip. The purpose of the wheel's construction was to

provide a firm grip on the soil so that the cultivator's prongs could drag while the earth was

being tilled. Through a system of sprocket chains and an electric motor, the pulling wheel is

propelled. It reduces human labour requirements at a very cheap cost by utilising a motorised

tilling technology. The electric power tiller improves agricultural productivity and efficiency

by cutting down on time and costs associated with tilling using a special portable design [1].

• Senthilnathan et al. (2018) published an article on “Fabrication and Automation of Seed

sowing machine”. In this project they have designed and fabricated an automated seed

sowing machine to minimize the human effort. The machine is designed based on two

criteria. One is to keep the design in such a way that the working is as simple as possible and

the other is to maintain low weight of frame and reducing the number of pulleys used [2].

• Sandesh et al. (2020) published a review article on “Portable electric power tiller

machine”. The machine is powered by an electric motor that drives the pulling wheel using a

sprocket chain configuration. The battery operated engine has sufficient power to pull the

forks through the ground. The three cultivator forks make an accurate and straight forward

tilling possible, which is perfect for farming. The machine's portable, lightweight design

makes it simple to adjust the machine's direction while it is in operation. The machine can

also be moved by simply being driven or carried by hand. Consequently, the electric power

tiller provides a clever, fuel-free mechanism for tilling farms and gardens [3].

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Objectives:

• To design electrically operated multipurpose seed sowing machine for field condition.

• To fabricate seed sowing machine that would benefit poor farmers in their farming.

• To incorporate functions like tilling, trenching, levelling, and irrigation in this machine.

• Evaluation of the current operating model in comparison to other operational machines

Proposed design of seed sowing machine:

Fig. 1: Schematic diagram of proposed seed sowing machine

Working: The schematic diagram of seed sowing machine is shown in Fig. 1. All the

components are fixed at chassis. The two large wheels in front is driven by a 250W DC motor

using chain drive which is fixed as shown in Fig.1. The power to the motor is supplied from

the Lead acid battery. The wheel moves the machine front. The tilling, trenching, levelling

tool performs the respective operations. The tilling tool is used to loosen the soil, trenching

tool is used to move the loosened soil sideways and levelling tool is used to level the soil.

First tilling operation is performed followed by trenching operation and then sowing. After

seed is being sown, levelling operation will be performed. Seed sowing operation is

controlled using servo motor. Arduino UNO program is used to control the servo motor. The

water is sprayed by sprayer using water pump. Water is stored in the tank as shown in Fig. 1.

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Cost estimation:
S. NO. Description Cost in Rupees
1 Metals for chassis 3000=00

2 Wheels 4000=00
3 Machining tools 6000=00
4 Electric motor 7000=00
5 Battery 4000=00
6 Seed sowing attachment 4000=00
7 Chain drive setup 2500=00
8 Irrigation system 3000=00
9 Servo motor, Arduino, Power controller 4000=00
10 Travel 2500=00
TOTAL COST 40,000=00

Conclusions:

The following conclusions may be drawn from the proposed seed sowing machine:

• The seed sowing machine will be designed and fabricated, and the process of seed sowing

is automated to minimize the human effort.

• The electric power tiller helps to reduce the time and cost involved in tilling using a new

portable design thereby increasing the productivity and efficiency in agriculture.

• Utilizing a battery powered mechanism, the portable machine may perform tilling tasks

with minimal expense and time, enhancing productivity and efficiency while also promoting

a healthy environment.

• Because of its light weight, the machine is suitable for use in both dry and wet conditions.

• The machine can be equipped with auxiliary attachments, depending on the nature of
work. The tiller can therefore be used for various tasks.

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Timeline

Timeline (In Month)

Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb March April
Working on Concepts
Literature Survey
Define phase
Design Phase
Report writing

References:

1. Sonu Yadav, Harshal Deshmukh, Chetan Dhapodkar, Ashish Singh Parihar, Guman Verdi,
Prashant Rahate, Portable Electric Tiller Machine, International Journal of Advanced
Research in Science, Communication, and Technology, 7 (1), 2021, pp. 45-47.

2. Senthilnathan N, Shivangi Gupta, Keshav Pureha and Shreya Verma, Fabrication and
Automation of Seed Sowing Machine using IOT, International Journal Mechanical
Engineering & Technology, 9 (4), 2018, pp. 903-912.

3. Sandesh Sawant, Abhishek Gawade, Yadnyesh Salgavkar, Khemraj Naik, Akshay

Khumbhar A J Rane, Review paper on Portable Electric Power Tiller Machine, International
Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology: April 20, 2022, pp. 1289-1291.

4. Haruo Sakamoto, Development of an Electric Powered Tiller for House Gardening,

Journal of Asian Electric Vehicles, 5 (1), 2007, pp. 961-966.

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Group Members details

Name USN Section Signature
Ajay Kumar M 4SO19ME006 M1
Akshay 4SO19ME008 M1
Ashik K 4SO19ME015 M1
Bhavith 4SO19ME020 M1
Project Guide: Dr. Raju K