International Journal of Disaster Recovery and Business Continuity

Vol.11, No. 3, (2020), pp. 1956–1963

Design and Fabrication of Power Tiller By Using Scooter Engine

[1]
Prof. Suyog. Y. Gaware, [2] Ms.Ashvi Umesh Patel, [3] Ms.Dhanashree Ravindra Ingle, [4]
Ms.Pratiksha Balasaheb Barkale, [5] Ms Kanchan Rajendra Badgujar
[1]
Dep.Mechanicalengineering,Sandip Institute Of Engineering And
Management,Mahiravni,Nashik, [2] Dep.Mechanicalengineering,Sandip Institute Of
Engineering And Management,Mahiravni,Nashik, [3] Dep.Mechanicalengineering,Sandip
Institute Of Engineering And Management,Mahiravni,Nashik, [4]
Dep.Mechanicalengineering,Sandip Institute Of Engineering And
Management,Mahiravni,Nashik, [5] Dep.Mechanicalengineering,Sandip Institute Of
Engineering And Management,Mahiravni,Nashik

[1]
suyog.gaware@siem.org.in, [2] ashvisingh72@gmail.com, [3]dhanyshreeingle@gmail.com,
[4]
pinkybarkale34566@gmail.com, [5] kanchanbadgujar1998@gmail.com

Abstract

Earlier farmers were using Traditional farming method which is time consuming, hardworking and
costly, hence we introduce new technology. Generally, the machines are used for the farming purpose
in India which is of higher level. All machines were used in farms are costlier and not affordable to
farmers, hence to overcome this problem we were make this model. This working model of power tiller,
we were done their trial on the farms and results are being successful and achieve our main aim to
make this model. In this paper we can directly discuss about the working machinery which would be
work in one and half hector for tilling purpose.
Key words— tiller, two stroke engine, chain -sprocket,
.

I. INTRODUCTION
The growing shortage of agricultural labour and rising wage rates are not the only reasons for the
accelerated mechanization of farm operations. Factors such as time saving, efficient input application,
transportation of farm inputs and produce, and reducing drudgery also stimulate demand for farm
machines. The development and mass production of multi-utility mechanized devices to suit the
requirements of farmers important for the growth of mechanization in India. Power tiller is a prime
mover in which direction of travel and its control for field operation is performed by the operator
walking behind it. It is also known as hand or walking type tractor (BIS, 2002). Power tiller is walking
tractor mostly used for rotary cultivation in puddle soil and can be replace the animal power more
effectively and help in increasing demand for human labour. The small and marginal farmers form
major user for custom hiring of power tiller. Power tiller is preferred in small land holding farmer for all
farm operations like pudding and preparatory tillage. The machine provides opportunities for
self-employment in rural areas.
Now-a-days some models of power tiller have an optional riding facility. Power tillers have been
especially designed and developed for use on small or medium farms where four wheel tractors are not
easily available. Although power tiller is mainly used for seedbed preparation in low land paddy fields.
Power tiller is also used as a power source for other agricultural useful in intercultural in wide spaced
row crops (more than 1.0 m row to row spacing) and harvesting of cereal crops under upland conditions

1956
ISSN: 2005-4289 IJDRBC
Copyright ⓒ2020 SERSC
 International Journal of Disaster Recovery and Business Continuity
Vol.11, No. 3, (2020), pp. 1956–1963

including transportation of farm products and power source for stationary farm operations. Lightweight
tillers are being used very recently. The most of the power tillers being manufactured in India is
provided with a rear mounted powered rotary unit for giving forward movement as well as tillage
operation. Special attention is necessary for maintaining such tillers.
The introduction of innovative technologies to reduce the labour demand is seen as a way of obtaining
more biological fulfilling crop rotations in organic fanning. Therefore, the objectives of the present
research were to design, develop and evaluate the performance of a power tiller operated by two stroke
scooter engine. This machine is not only useful to broadcast organic materials but also to mix the solid
organic materials to prepare organic slurry.

II. METHODOLOGY

Following is the methodology used to design and fabricate our power tiller.
 Conceptual design
 Sketching several type of design based on concept that being choose.
 Detailed Dimensions for workable drawings.
 Create a 3D model using SOLIDWORKS software.
 Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) analysis
 Analysis the design for strain stress structure by using ALGOR.
 Define critical point.
 Fabrication model refinement
 Modify the scooter engine according to the design.
 Refinement at several part of joining and sharp edge.
 Materials selection
 Selection of true material based on model design and criteria.
 Prototype Development
 Assemble all the part to the design.
 Testing
 Results

III. MATH
PT=F/A
M /I=σ /y
σ= My /I
I= b×d3 /12

IV. UNITS
The unit of Torque is ‘Nm’.
The unit of power is ‘bHp’.
Length is taken in ‘mm’.

1957
ISSN: 2005-4289 IJDRBC
Copyright ⓒ2020 SERSC
 International Journal of Disaster Recovery and Business Continuity
Vol.11, No. 3, (2020), pp. 1956–1963

V. COMPONENT LIST

ENGINE –bajaj chetak

Engine type – Air cooled two stroke
Engine capacity – 145.5
Power- 7.5HP
Speed – 5500 rpm
Carburetor – Butterfly

Main Body – On the main body we mounted all the necessary parts whichis used, such as engine,
wheels, plough, handle, drives etc.
Beam – L Shape
Material – MS
Number of members – 14
Ground clearance – 180mm

Bearing - It is part which is used to enable rotation or linear movement while reducing friction and
handling stress.
Bearing number – P204
Shaft size – ¾ inch
Bolt size – M10
Weight – 0.66 kg

Plough – The main aim of plough for initial cavitation’s of soil in preparation for bowing seed.
Number of blades – 5
Material – MS
Beam type – L shape
Angle – 215°
Tilling Depth – Min 4 inch
Speed reduction unit
We are using three different stages to reduce speed to get maximum torques we required for this
machine, There are units are as follows:

Chain Drive – It is a way of transmitting mechanical power from one place to another. It used to convey
power to the wheel of a vehicle particle
Type – Simplex,ISO12A-1
Small sprocket – 14 teethes
Big sprocket – 39 teethes

I. Table: Engine Specifications

Type Two stroke

Cooling type Air cooled

Displacement 145.45cc
Max. power 7.5bhp(5.93kw)@ 5500rpm
Max. torque 10.8 Nm @ 3500 rpm
Ignition type CDI Electronic
Transmission type 4-sped
Clutch type Wet Multidisc

1958
ISSN: 2005-4289 IJDRBC
Copyright ⓒ2020 SERSC
 International Journal of Disaster Recovery and Business Continuity
Vol.11, No. 3, (2020), pp. 1956–1963

VI. WORKING
In this paper, engine is placed at top of model and with the help of engine belt of pulley going to rotated
and with help belt chain is rotated. The wheel shaft is rotated with the help chain and wheel base with
blades are going to start its rolling motion, due to tractive effort, plough is moving forward in linear
direction. For support and changing the direction of plough handle is placed.

fig. Cad model of Power Tiller

Actual construction of power tiller

 Wheel -It is basically used for moving purpose which are the overall body ahead
 Bearing -It is a part which is used to enable rotation or linear moment which reducing friction
and handling stresses pedestal bearing are used
 Speed Reduction Unit
 chain drive- It is a way of transmission transmitting mechanical power for one place to another it
is used to convey power to the wheel of vehicle past particle
 Plough-Suitable for launching virgin land which is not used for long period the soil which has
be has the fruit unwanted plants shrubs and weeds best for land preparation
 steering system-Manual steering system with rack and pinion steering system during system
seller in is considered to be entirely is type fast and accurate in maintains during control there
are many types of steering system is available on witch rack and pinion steering is connected to
the rear will have a link rod is connected to the rack and pinion steering wheel is fixed by
retaining the global circular motion is converted to many relation which is transferred to the
frog Axel so it helps to turn on the desired direction.

VII. DESIGN AND CALCULATION

1. ESTIMATING OF POWER NEED FOR PLOUGHING:
{From farm energy innovation program - efficient farm vehicles}
Power required = soil resistance(N) * working speed (km/hr) / 3600
For, soil resistance = implement width* working depth * resistance per width
Where, working depth = 10 cm

Resistance per width = 3025.210 (N / m cm )

For, implement width = 11.8 * work rate (hec / hr) / working speed(km / hr)
Where, 11.8 = work factor (include losses from overlapping, turning & other field)
Working speed = 5 km/hr

Working rate = 1 hector / 20 hr = 0.05 hec / hr

1959
ISSN: 2005-4289 IJDRBC
Copyright ⓒ2020 SERSC
 International Journal of Disaster Recovery and Business Continuity
Vol.11, No. 3, (2020), pp. 1956–1963

Therefore ,implement width= 0.0476 m

Soil resistance =1440 N
Requried power = 2000 watt
Requried pto power = 1.5 * 2000 = 3000 watt 1 watt = 0.00134 bhp
Required power = 0.00134*3000 = 4.02 bhp
2. Frame
Rectangular pipe= 35X35 mm of M. S.
Tot al weight of trolley= 80 Kg( appr ox. )
 Sample Calculation of beam no.1
F=80 kg….( Total Load Acting on Chassis) =2000×9. 81
F=19620N
A=381×35+1117. 6×35…… ( Tot al Area) A=52451mm2
PT=F/A
=784. 8 52451
=0. 014962 …. . (Total Pressure)N /mm2
= F 2=P T*A 2…. .(Force Act in go Individual Link)
=0. 014962×381×25
=199. 5827 N
W =w×381
w=0. 5238 ……………. .( UDL)N mm
Calculations of Reactions
ΣFy=0
RA=R B= 0. 5238X381 /2
=99. 7839N

MA=0
=- RB×381+199. 5678×381/ 2
R B =99. 7839N=R B
SFD:
S F A=+99. 7839N
S F B=+99. 7839N
BMD:
MA=0
M B =0
MC=99. 78×190. 5–0. 5238×190. 5×190. 5/ 2
M C =9503. 67N. mm
Bending Stress:
M /I=σ /y
σ= My /I
I= b×d3 /12
I= 381X3563/ 12
I=1361281. 25mm4
σ= 9503. 67X35 /2 /1361281
σ=0. 1221N/mm2
σ=15. 15N mm2

Allowablestress=2/ 3x yield stress.

=2/ 3x240=160MPa. So, all stress are within per miscible limit .

1960
ISSN: 2005-4289 IJDRBC
Copyright ⓒ2020 SERSC
 International Journal of Disaster Recovery and Business Continuity
Vol.11, No. 3, (2020), pp. 1956–1963

 Sample calculation of beam no.2

Rectangular pipe=1117. 6X35mmofM. S.
= F 2 =P T *A 2
=0. 014962×1117. 6×35 …. .( Force Actingon Individual Link)
=585. 25N
W =w ×l 117. 6
w=0. 5239 ……………. .(UDL)N mm
Calculations of Reaction
Σ FY=0
=R A= R B 0. 5236X1117. 6/ 2
=292. 587N
R A =292. 587N
R B=292.587N
M A =0
=-RB ×1117. 6+585. 25×1117. 6×1117. 6/ 2
=292. 587N
SFD:

SFA=+292. 587N
S F B =+292. 587N
BMD:
M A =0
M B=0
M C =292. 587×558. 8–0. 5236×558. 8×558. 8/ 2
=817448. 95N. mm
Bending Stress:
M /I=σ/y
σ= My /I
σ= 81748. 95X 35 /23. 993X10 6
σ=0. 358N/ mm^ 2
Allowable stress=2/ 3x yield stress.
2/3x240
=160MPA
So, all stresses within permissible limit

VIII. Benefits From the designed System

Superb power for digging in tough conditions. Durable commercial grade 4-strole engine offers easy
starting, quite operation, lower emission, and easy refueling.

Allows the operator to safely operate the machine from the centre left or right positions. Makes it easier
to turn the tiller aroundat the end of the row.

The commercial grade transmission provides long tiller life and less maintenance.

A simple, straightforward design that controls drive wheel. Easy to reach, ergonomically designed
controls are intuitive for rental and first time users.

Adjust the tilling depth for optimal performance in a variety of conditions.

Adjust the handle position up or down to offer a comfortable operating height.

High performance, easy maintenance.

1961
ISSN: 2005-4289 IJDRBC
Copyright ⓒ2020 SERSC
 International Journal of Disaster Recovery and Business Continuity
Vol.11, No. 3, (2020), pp. 1956–1963

One labour is enough for operation.

Working is very easy compared to primitive work method.

IX. APPLICATIONS
 In agriculture field for cultivation of soil.Soil P
 reperation for seed sowing.
 For Plugging.
 Weed removal.
 For softening land.
 For harvesting small crops.

CONCLUSION
It is evident that using scooter instead of Tractor can be efficient in terms of fuel consumption for
financial weak farmers. The total cost of the model was approximately 14500Rs which proves to be a
cost effective one than the other available products in the market. The life of the model is still yet to be
defined. It is observed that the depth of tool totally depend on the molecular structure, condition of soil
as well as moisture content into the soil.

FUTURE WORK

• Asthis project is simple to make and cheaper in construction, ploughing machine has vast future
scope.
• Highly efficient engine could be attached to get best output.
• Variousprocesses along with plugging could be done such as seeding and spraying by adding more
attachments.
• More operations can be included to the vehicle like pesticide sprayer, tiller and many other machines
for various operations.
• The engine of the vehicle can be replaced with diesel engine.
• The tyre can be changed according to the type of the land.
The plough tool tip arrangement is made separately, so in case of breakage the tip of the tool is alone
changed.
.

REFERENCES

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ISSN: 2005-4289 IJDRBC
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 International Journal of Disaster Recovery and Business Continuity
Vol.11, No. 3, (2020), pp. 1956–1963

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1963
ISSN: 2005-4289 IJDRBC
Copyright ⓒ2020 SERSC